MUSIC 3º ESO. EXAM Nº 1, FIRST TERM.

(ANSWERS)
IES Jiménez de la Espada (2022-2023)

MUSIC THEORY
1º) Complete the following bars with one note or rest symbol:

2º) Pentatonic scales:

3º) Rhythm dictation:

CULTURE
4º) Define the term polyrhythm. Which type of traditional music uses
polyrhythm?
When several rhythmic patterns are played at the same time, there is a
polyrhythm. Sub-Saharan traditional music uses polyrhythm.

5º) Define "nationalist music". Indicate the name of one of the most
important Spanish nationalist composers of the twentieth century, as
well as one of his most famous works.

Nationalist music is a type of classical music that is related to a

specific country (there are many types of nationalist music such as Spanish
nationalist music, Russian nationalist music, Czech, German, American...).
Nationalist music uses elements or musical ideas that are influenced
by the culture and traditional music of this country. These styles
developed during the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the
20th century. Manuel de Falla was one of the most important Spanish
nationalist composers of the twentieth century. Among his most famous
works, we can mention "El Amor Brujo". Joaquin Rodrigo is another great
Spanish composer of the twentieth century. His most famous masterpiece is
"El Concierto de Aranjuez", a guitar concerto.

6º) MUSICAL ANALYSIS

EXAMPLE Nº1:
Genre, style and culture:
It is Spanish nationalist music, a classical music style.

1
Period: First half of the 20th century (or maybe from the second half of the
19th century).
Instruments, instrumental ensemble: This piece of music is
performed by a classical guitar quartet (solo instruments)
accompanied by a symphony orchestra.
Characteristics of this music (use complete sentences to answer the
question): It is classical music performed by a symphony orchestra. This
piece is influenced by southern Spanish traditional music, probably from
Andalusia, with a marked rhythm, like a folk dance. The guitarists use a
technique that is common in flamenco music, the rasgueado. The Spanish
guitars are the solo instruments and are a symbol of Spanish traditional
music.

EXAMPLE Nº 2:
Genre, style and culture: It is popular music, a Celtic music style. To be
more precise, it is a type of Irish contemporary folk music, style that is
probably, in this case, a kind of fusion of several styles of music.
Period: Last decades of the 20th century or 21st century
Instruments, instrumental ensemble:
A contemporary folk music band performs this piece. Among the band,
there are modern instruments like the electric guitar, the drums and an
electronic keyboard. On the other hand, we have other instruments like
the tin whistle, the violin, the cello and small percussion instruments (the
maracas).
Characteristics of this music (use complete sentences to answer the
question): This is a type of folk dance. In fact, it is a modern version of
a traditional dance because the band is using modern instruments (electric
guitar, electronic keyboard, the drums). There is a clear influence of Irish
traditional music with the solos of instruments such as the tin Whistle
and the violin. This mixture of modern instruments with traditional ones is
one of the basic characteristics of contemporary folk music.

EXAMPLE Nº 3:
Genre, style and culture: It is popular music, an African modern music
style. Period: 21st century

Instruments, instrumental ensemble:

This piece is performed by an African modern popular music band. In this
band, there is an electronic keyboard, the drums (acoustic or/and electronic
drums), an electric guitar and an electric bass. Maybe certain traditional
drums could be part of the band too.

Characteristics of this music (use complete sentences to answer the

question): This is basically a modern music style (these modern
instruments are not part of African traditional ensembles), but we can notice
the influence of African traditional music. The rhythm is probably one
of the most important elements of this music, as well as the use of
polyrhythm. The way they sing, using in the voices the traditional call
and response pattern of African music, is another important characteristic
of the piece. Dance movements are influenced by African customs too.
Obviously, this music is also the result of the influence of other cultures,
elements which make it even more interesting.