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2023년 수특영어 지문분석과 복습 과제 3강

비밀노트의 차별화된 최종찍기 이 양식과 내용의 저작권은 비밀노트에 있습니다.

Exercise 01

No 단어 뜻 유의어 반의어
genetic pressure 유전적 압력
stop A from ~ing A가 ~ing하는것을 막다 stop= prevent, deter, ban allow, permit
gain weight,
become obese 비만이 되다 put on weight lose weight

genetic mutation 유전 돌연변이 genetic variation genetic stability

consume 소비하다 eat, ingest abstain from, fast
be much less likely 전달이 될 가능성이 have low heritability have high heritability
to be passed on 훨씬 덜하다
scarcer 더 부족한 less abundant abundant
hunting or 사냥하거나 채집 foraging farming
gathering
require 요구하다 need, demand
considerable energy 상당한 에너지 소비 significant energy minimal energy expenditure
outlay expenditure
reproduce 번식하다 breed
abundant food 풍부한 음식 plentiful food, ample food scarce food, limited food
obesity 비만 overweight, corpulence underweight, leanness

be incorporated into X X 에 포함되다 be integrated into, be excluded from

be included in
evolutionary
timescales 진화 기간 geological time

approximately 대략 roughly, about

mammalian mammalian history,
evolutionary time 포유류의 진화 시간 mammalian era
manage to V 그럭 저럭 v하다 succeed in, accomplish fail to, give up on
adjust, modify
tweak 바꾸다 preserve
to such a degree that이하 정도로 to the extent that~,
that~ to the point that~
natural selection,
evolution 진화 adaptation
catch up with X X을 따라잡다 reach the level of, fall behind, lag behind
match up with
present situation,
current reality 현재 현실 current state
delivery 배달 distribution, shipment

영영풀이
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2023년 수특영어 지문분석과 복습 과제 3강

Exercise 02

No 단어 뜻 유의어 반의어
family support 가족의 성원
precondition 전제 조건 requirement / prerequisite
be far from being 결코 결점이 없는 것이
faultless 아니다 imperfect / flawed perfect / faultless

Thus, 따라서, therefore / as a result

psychologist 심리학자 therapist
colleague 동료 coworker / associate opponent / adversary
state that~ that이하라고 말하다 assert / claim deny
charge 보살펴야 하는 사람
ally 협력자 partner / associate enemy / foe
from earliest 유년기부터 since infancy
childhood
conclusion 결론 final decision
altogether 전적으로 존경할 만한 honorable / commendable shameful / disreputable
respectable
something
substantial and 실질적이고 믿음직한 것 significant / dependable insignificant / unreliable
reliable
rather A than B B라기 보다는 A
widow 미망인 bereaved woman
a publisher and 출판업자이자 문학
literary translator 번역가
come to terms with X /
reconcile oneself to X X를 감수하다 accept X reject X / refuse to accept X

profession 직업 occupation / job

reformer 개혁가

be forced to +v v해야만 하다 be obligated to /

be compelled to
X를 여기저기
roam about X 떠돌아다니다 wander

be expelled 쫓겨나다 be kicked out be welcomed / be accepted

mediocrity /
genius 천재 prodigy average intelligence
switch 회초리
V로 end up being /
turn out to V 드러나다｢판명되다｣ prove to be V
myth 근거 없는 믿음 l fact / reality
upon closer on closer inspection /
examination 더 자세히 조사해 보면 after further scrutiny

영영풀이
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2023년 수특영어 지문분석과 복습 과제 3강

Exercise 03 , 특히 더 03강은 동의어/반의어 주의할 것

No 단어 뜻 유의어 반의어

key feature 중요한 특징 crucial element insignificant detail /

irrelevant factor
다른 세상에 있는
transport 것처럼 느끼게 하다
feel emotionally 감정적으로 빠져드는 attached / devoted unemotional / indifferent /
involved 듯한 기분을 느끼다 detached
as if 마치~처럼 as though
~을 정신없이 빠져들게
sweep away 하다
participant 등장인물
evidence 증거 testimony
suspension of 불신의 유예 immersion / involvement / detachment / disengagement /
disbelief engagement / absorption skepticism
set aside / ignore / focus on / address / deal with
put aside X X를 제쳐 두다 disregard / overlook / consider
contradict 모순되다 oppose / challenge / support / confirm / validate
dispute / deny / contradict
surprise ending /
unexpected outcome 예상치 못한 결과 twist turn predictable outcome
decline the 지명되는 것을 거부하다 refuse / reject / turn down accept / approve
nomination
lead to / cause / bring prevent / stop / block /
result in 결과적으로 ~다 about / trigger / generate hinder / impede
verify 확인하다 confirm / validate / falsify / invalidate / disprove /
authenticate / check deny / negate
be elected 당선되다
spot problems in a 이야기 속에서 문제를 detect flaws overlook / ignore / miss /
narrative 발견하다 neglect / disregard
as illustrated 예증하듯이 as shown / as depicted

make sense 말이 되다 be logical / be reasonable be illogical / be unreasonable

/ be rational / be irrational / be confusing
call A B / name A B /
refer to A as B A를 B라고 부르다 label A B
method 방법 approach
lie / deceive / mislead /
tell a falsehood 거짓말을하다 fabricate / falsify be honest / be truthful

leave clues 단서를 남기다 drop hints / suggest / conceal

imply
dishonest / false /
untruthful 진실이 아닌 deceitful / fraudulent / truthful / honest / sincere /
misleading genuine / reliable

영영풀이
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2023년 수특영어 지문분석과 복습 과제 3강

Exercise 04

No 단어 뜻 유의어 반의어
A be based on B A의 기반은 B다
notion 개념 concept / idea /
out of date 뒤떨어진 outdated / obsolete modern / up-to-date
old-fashioned
put out A A를 내보내다
recent initiative 최근의 주창 latest idea stale approach / outdated idea
take advantage of X X를 활용하다 make use of X / utilize X neglect X / ignore X
reaction 반응 response / feedback
apply A to B A를 B에 적용하다
rethink 재고하다 reconsider /re-evaluate persist
be disappointed 실망하다 be disheartened be satisfied / be content
absence / shortage / abundance / surplus /
lack 부족 deficiency sufficiency
visible result /
tangible return 유형 수익 concrete benefit
advertising 광고 promotion / marketing
budget item 예산 항목 expense / cost / income / revenue / profit
expenditure
fixture 고정적인 요소 constant element
yearly expenditure /
annual spend 연간 지출 annual expense occasional expense
management boards (회사의) 이사회 executive boards

increasingly question 점점 더 의문을 challenge more often

제기하다
survey 설문조사 questionnaire / poll
illustrate 예를들어 증명하다 demonstrate / exemplify
carry out / perform /
conduct 행하다 execute
proven causal
relationship between A와 B사이에 입증된 verified correlation between
A and B 인과 관계 A and B
financial 재무 성과 monetary results / financial failure / fiscal downfall
performance fiscal achievements
광고는 녹고 있는
마케팅 빙산의 superficial aspect of
advertising is tip of 일각이다. marketing / critical part of marketing /
the melting ≒광고는 문제가 있다 insignificant part of substantial component of
marketing iceberg ≒광고는 효과적이지 marketing marketing
못하다

The Tip of the Melting Iceberg :

지금 나타난 것은 아주 작은 부분일 뿐이고 보이지 않는 곳에
영영풀이 더 많은 것들이 있다.
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내용일치(T/F) >> 1. T 2. F

2023년 수특영어 내용 및 지문 분석 3강
Summary- The proliferation of obesity in the modern world is largely due to the fact that the evolutionary process
01. ★★★ has not had enough time to adapt to the dramatic changes in our environment
that allow us to consume any type of food we want at any time.

요지 - 진화가 먹을 것이 풍부한 현재 현실을 따라잡지 못하고 있다.

주제 - 현대의 비만을 해결하기에는 진화가 너무 느리다.
[내용요약] 우리의 진화가 느려서 음식이 풍부한 현실을 따라잡지 못해서 비만을 막는 유전 돌연변
이를 만들지 못하고 있다.
Title - The Influence of Food Availability on the Prevalence of Obesity-Related Genetic Mutations //
★ Exploring the Inability of Evolutionary Timescales to Keep Up with the Modern Food Environment
주어 2형식

In the past / there was little genetic pressure / to sto p people f r o m becoming obese(형용사).
[주어] =keep, prevent, prohibit, inhibit, hinder

[ 문장순서]
more(x)
Genetic mutations(주어) / that drove people to consume fewer calories / were(동사) much less likely to

be passed on (전해지다, 수동태), bec ause / in an environment {where food was scarcer and its(=food)
hunting or gathering(주어) required(동사) considerable energy outlay(소비, =expense)}, an individual(주어)

with that mutation(그 돌연변이) would probably die(동사) / before they had a chance to reproduce.
더 적은 열량을 소비하게 하는 유전 돌연변이를 가진 사람들
- 음식을 찾아 돌아다니는데 에너지를 다 쓰는데, 더구나 그런 돌연변이를 가진 사람은 다른 사람들보다 에너지 소모가 더 크다.
▶ mutations that would cause individuals to consume fewer calories were less likely to be passed on due to the scarcity of food and
the physical effort required for its acquisition. ★
[ 문장넣기]

Muta ti o n s (주어) / that(관.대) / in our environment of abundant food / now d r iv e us towards

obesity, on the other hand, w e r e (동사) incorporated into the population. 선행사 mutations에 수일치
being(x)/ was(x) 인구 집단 속에 포함되었다
진화 기간이 길다
Things(상황) are of course very different now / but the problem is that evolutionary timescales are long .
밑줄 원문제 =evolution is too slow to address modern obesity

강조구문 only+부사구 강조 2억 5천만 년전 포유류 출현 / 100년(1세기) ÷ 250,000,000 = 0.0000004 = 0.00004%

*It's {o nly in th e la st c e n tur y o r so }(대략), = approximately 0.00004 percent of mammalian

evolutionary time, th a t (which 아님, 관계부사역할) we managed to tweak(=change) our environment /

to such a degree th a t (동격) we can pretty much eat w h a te v e r we want, w h e ne v e r we want it.
- 우리(진화)는 환경에 적응하느라 대부분 시간을 보냈고 환경을 바꾸게 된 것은 고작 100년(1세기)에 지나지 않는다.
*도치문장으로 전환 =only in the last century or so, approximately 0.00004 percent of mammalian evolutionary time,
★★★
d i d w e ma n a g e (도치) to tweak our environment ∼
★★★ [A] [B]
A before B ----> B하기전에 A한다 : A하고 나서야 B한다는 의미 = Not until evolution has another~~~~ can it catch up with ~~~~~~~.
Evolution has another couple of thousand years to go / b e f o r e it(=evolution) can catch up with

the current reality of online food shopping and delivery. =keep up with 따라잡다
음식이 풍부한 현재의 현실
* mutation: 돌연변이 ** outlay: (에너지 등의) 소비 *** tweak: 변경하다, 수정하다
The lack of genetic pressure to prevent obesity in the past has led to the prevalence of mutations that encourage overeating.
Despite our current ability to consume whatever we want, whenever we want, evolution requires more time
to catch up with our modern food culture.
과거에는 사람들이 비만이 되는 것을 막을 수 있는 유전적 압력이 거의 없었다. 사람들이 더 적은 열량을 소비하게 하는
유전 돌연변이는 전달이 될 가능성이 훨씬 덜했는데, 왜냐하면 먹을 것이 더 부족하고 그것을 사냥하거나 채집하는 데 상
당한 에너지 소비가 요구되는 환경에서, 그 돌연변이를 가진 사람은 아마도 자신이 번식할 기회를 얻기 전에 죽었을 것이
기 때문이다. 반면에, 먹을 것이 풍부한 환경에서 이제 우리를 비만으로 몰아가는 돌연변이가 인구 집단 속에 포함되었다.
물론 지금은 상황이 아주 다르지만, 문제는 진화 기간이 길다는 것이다. 포유류의 진화 시간의 약 0.00004퍼센트에 해당
하는 지난 세기쯤에서야, 우리는 원하는 것은 무엇이든 우리가 그것을 원할 때마다 거의 먹을 수 있을 정도로 우리의 환
경을 바꾸어 냈다. 진화가 온라인 음식 쇼핑과 배달의 현재 현실을 따라잡을 수 있기까지는 앞으로 몇천 년이 더 걸린다.

내용일치(T/F) ★★★ - 1 -
1. Genetic mutations that once promoted survival in an environment of scarce food now contribute to obesity in a world of abundant food.
2. Genetic mutations that cause obesity were not passed on in the past because people had access to as much food as they do today.
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내용일치(T/F) >> 1. T 2. T 3. F

2023년 수특영어 내용 및 지문 분석 3강
★★★
The belief that parental support is necessary for a child to succeed is not always true, as some successful musicians did not receive
02. support from their parents. Musicians such as Sidney Bechet and Robert Schumann faced resistance and lack of support from
their parents in pursuing their musical careers. This challenges the idea of "universal support" being a requirement
for young musicians to succeed. (= The idea of "universal support" being a requirement for young musicians to succeed is a Myth)
요지 - 음악을 하는 아이에게 부모가 언제나 지지와 성원을 한다는 것은 근거가 없다.
주제 - 초보 음악가( 음악을 하는 아이) 에게 부모가 주는 ‘ 보편적 성원’ 은 잘못된 믿음이다.
주제 - The Myth of Universal Parental Support for Child Prodigies in Music //
★ Challenging the Idea of Family Support as a Condition for Children's Success in Music
가족의 성원 제안된`
The idea(주어) of (f a m ily sup p o r t), 빈칸주의 suggested(후치수식) as(-로서) one of the preconditions

of any child's success, is(동사) f a r f r o m being faultless(=f a ulty , d e f e c ti v e , f a lse ) . = a Myth 전제 조건

=n e v e r, a n y th i n g b ut, b y n o m e a n s

[ 문장순서]

Thus, for example, the well-known musical psychologist Jane Davidson and her colleagues(주어)

state(동사) that(접속사) all the parents of children(주어) / who later become successful musicians /

were(동사), in fact, th e ir c h a r g e s '(그들 아이들의) great friends and allies / from earliest childhood.

그들(부모)이 보살펴야 할 사람들

- 나중에 성공한 음악가가 된 아이들의 부모는, 사실, 아주 어렸을 때부터 그들 아이들의 훌륭한 친구였고 협력자였다.

아이가 부모의 성원으로 성공한 음악가가 된 얘기

If the great jazz musician Sidney Bechet w e r e to hear of such a conclusion / he w o uld b e

surprised indeed. 기존의 가정법 미래형태 (지금은 가정법 미래는 사용안함)

[ 문장넣기] cf) respectful 정중한, respective 각각의

His(=Sidney Bechet) altogether r e sp e c ta b le parents(주어), / who dreamed of something rather more

substantial and reliable(후치수식) than a career in music for their son, / actually h id (동사) his

clarinet from him.

*남편이 죽은 여자 a publisher and a literary translator(x)

겨우 간신히 감수하다
Robert Schumann's mother(주어), = the *widow of a publisher and literary translator, r e c o nc ile d

(동사) he r se lf only with difficulty(부사) to her son's choice of music as a profession; while

Christoph W. Gluck(주어), = the great reformer of opera, was(동사) forced to roam about Italy

and Bohemia / after b e ing e xp e lle d from home by his father. 이리저리 떠돌다
★★★ 수동태
= they faced obstacles or adversity in their childhood, rather than being given the tools or resources
[ 문장넣기] to pursue their musical수일치
talents >> 그들은 그들의 음악적 재능을 추구하기 위한수동태 도구나 자원이 주어지기 보다는 그들의 어린 시절에 장애나 역경에 직면했다

Even so m e of the great musical geniuses, it is clear, w e r e g iv e n switches and *c o a l by a n

수의일치 수동태
unk i nd Fa te (밑줄 원문제 =having unsupportive parents) / instead of the presents / (which or that) other
= supportive parents
youngsters received.

*c o a l( 석탄) 부모말을 듣지 않는 말썽 꾸러기 아이들에게는 굴뚝을 타고 내려오던 산타가 선물대신 벽난로의 석탄을 양말에
넣었다는 이야기에서 나온 말

The '(uni ve r sa l sup p o r t)'(주어) given(후치수식) by parents / to beginning musicians turns out(동사),

upon closer examination, (to be) 생략가능 a (m yth ). 빈칸주의

★★★
- 음악을 하고자 하는 아이에게 부모가 보편적으로 성원을 해 준다는 것은 잘못된 믿음으로 판명된다.
* charge: 보살펴야 하는 사람 ** reconcile oneself to: ~을 감수하다 *** switch: 회초리

내용일치(T/F)
- 2 -
1. Not all successful musicians had supportive parents from childhood.
2. Robert Schumann's mother had difficulty accepting her son's decision to become a musician.
3. The passage discusses the benefits of practicing musical instruments from a young age.
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2023년 수특영어 내용 및 지문 분석 3강

어떤 아이라도 그 아이의 성공을 위한 전제 조건의 하나로 제안된, 가족의 성원에 대한 생각에 결코 결점이 없는 것이 아
니다. 따라서, 예컨대 유명한 음악 심리학자인 Jane Davidson과 그녀의 동료들은 나중에 성공한 음악가가 된 아이들의 모
든 부모가 사실은 그들이 유년기부터 보살펴야 하는 아이들의 훌륭한 친구이며 협력자였다고 말한다. 만약 위대한 재즈
음악가인 Sidney Bechet가 그런 결론을 듣는다면, 그는 정말 놀랄 것이다. 아들을 위해 음악에서의 직업보다는 다소 더 실
질적이고 믿음직한 것을 꿈꿨던, 전적으로 존경할 만한 그의 부모는 실제로 그의 클라리넷을 그에게서 감췄다. 출판업자이
자 문학 번역가의 미망인이었던 Robert Schumann의 어머니는 자기 아들이 직업으로 음악을 선택한 것을 겨우 간신히 감
수했으며, 한편, 훌륭한 오페라 개혁가였던 Christoph W. Gluck는 자기 아버지에 의해 집에서 쫓겨난 후 Italy와 Bohemia
를 여기저기 떠돌아야 했다. 심지어 위대한 음악 천재 중 몇몇은 다른 젊은이들이 받았던 선물이 아니라 불친절한 운명에
의해 회초리와 석탄을 받았던 것이 분명하다. 초보 음악가에게 부모가 주는 ‘보편적 성원’은 더 자세히 조사해 보면 근거
없는 믿음으로 판명된다.

- 3 -
 8
내용일치(T/F) >> 1. F 2. F 3. T

2023년 수특영어 내용 및 지문 분석 3강

03. 글의요약대비>> Stories can transport readers and make them emotionally involved, requiring a suspension of disbelief.
This can make it harder for readers to detect false information, as they become less likely to spot problems in a narrative.

요지 – 이야기에 빠져들수록 불신의 유예로 인해 상식적, 현실적으로 맞지 않는 부분도 개의치 않게 된다.

주제 – 이야기에 몰입할수록 이야기의 거짓됨을 덜 인식하게 된다.
*불신의 유예(중단) - 심리, 문학비평 용어의 하나로, 허구의 이야기에 몰입하게 되어 상식적, 현실적으로 맞지
않는 부분도 개의치 않게 되는 것을 뜻하는 용어
글의주제대비>> The Impact of Suspended Disbelief on Reader Perception and Cognition in Narrative Fiction

주어 동사 다른 곳(세상)으로 옮기다, 몰입시키다

A key feature particular to stories is that they(=stories) have the ability / to (transpo rt the reade r).

빈칸주의★★★
어법대비: experienced(x)
일반인 =immersed, absorbed

While (one is) experiencing stories, one can feel emotionally i nvo lve d / and as if (one were 생략)
어법대비: involving(x)
b e i ng sw e p t a w a y / as a participant(이야기 속의 한 등장인물로서). =as though 가정법과거
★★★
휩쓸리고 있는 것처럼(빠져들고 있는 것처럼)
어법대비: sweeping away(x)
어법대비: which(x) 이야기 안으로 몰입되는 것 빈칸주의
There is some evidence th a t (동격) (b e i ng (주어) tr a n sp o r te d i nto a sto r y) requires(동사) a

suspension of enjoying(주어) Jurassic Park or a Harry Potter tale may

disbelief(불신의 유예);
어법대비: enjoy(x)
involve(동사) p utti ng a sid e what one knows about the world(선행사) / that c o n tr a d i c ts the story.
어휘대비 제쳐두다 상식적으로 혹은 현실적으로 맞지 않는 부분 어휘대비
★★★ ★★★

몰입하게 만드는 이야기 어휘대비 ★★★

A story(주어) / that suggests(말하다, 시사하다) an un e x p e c te d outcome ("George Washington

declined(타동사, 거절하다) the nomination to become the first president of the United States")

results(동사) in readers(의미상 주어) to verify

b e i ng (동명사) slo w e r well-known facts ("George
어휘대비 ★★★
Washington was elected first president of the United States").
- 예상치 못한 결과를 말하는 이야기(몰입하게 만드는 이야기)는 실제 잘 알려진 사실을 확인하는 데 더 느려지게 만든다.

★★★
[ 문장넣기] 현실과 맞지 않는 것들
어휘대비
This suspension of disbelief may make(5형식) one less likely(목적보어) to spot problems in a narrative,

as(-듯이) (it was) illustrated by a study in whic h participants read(과거동사) a story and circled any
어법대비: illustrating(x)
"false notes"(거짓 정보) or parts(선행사) / that(관.대) did not make sense(이치에 맞다, 사리에 맞다).
어휘대비

* refer to A as B : A를 B라고 부르다

꼭두각시(피노키오)
Green and Brock refer to this method as "Pinocchio circling": just as the puppet's nose

signaled / when he told a falsehood, authors also leave clues / when they are being untruthful.
★ 어휘대비
=authors 거짓말을 하고 있는
빈칸주의 어휘대비
But readers(주어) / who were (mo re transp o rte d by the sto ry) / sp o tte d (동사) few er "Pino c c hio s ."
밑줄 원문제 =were less aware o f the untruthfulness of the sto ry

- 피노키오가 거짓말을 할 때 코가 길어지는 것처럼, 작가도 분명히 거짓말을 하고 있을 때 단서를 남기지만, 독자는 이야
기에 빠져서 작가가 남긴 거짓을 잘 보지 못해서 더 적은 피노키오(거짓)를 발견한다.
* verify: 확인하다

내용일치(T/F)
- 4 -
1. The study found that participants who were transported by the story spotted more "Pinocchios."
2. "Pinocchio circling" is a method used by readers to identify the truth in a story.
3. Stories that suggest an unexpected outcome may result in readers being slower to verify well-known facts.
 9

2023년 수특영어 내용 및 지문 분석 3강

이야기 특유의 한 가지 중요한 특징은 이야기에는 독자를 다른 세상에 있는 것처럼 느끼게 하는 능력이 있다는 것이다.
이야기를 경험하는 동안, 감정적으로 몰입되어 등장인물로서 정신없이 빠져드는 듯한 기분을 느낄 수 있다. 이야기 속 다
른 세상에 있는 것처럼 느껴지는 것에는 불신의 유예가 필요하다는 몇 가지 증거가 있는데, Jurassic Park이나 Harry
Potter 이야기를 즐기는 것은 이야기와 모순되는 세상에 대해 알고 있는 바를 제쳐 두는 것을 수반할 수도 있다. 예상치
못한 결과(‘George Washington은 미국의 초대 대통령에 지명되는 것을 거부했다’)를 말하는 이야기는 독자들이 잘 알려진
사실(‘George Washington은 미국의 초대 대통령으로 당선되었다’)을 확인하는 데 더 느려지게 만든다. 이러한 불신의 유예
는, (연구의) 참가자들이 이야기를 읽고 ‘거짓 정보’나 말이 되지 않는 부분이면 어느 것이든 동그라미를 쳤던 한 연구가
예증하듯이, 이야기 속에서 문제를 발견할 가능성을 더 적게 만들 수도 있다. Green과 Brock은 이 방법을 ‘피노키오 동그
라미 치기’라고 부르는데, 그 인형이 거짓말을 할 때 그 인형의 코가 신호를 보낸 것과 꼭 마찬가지로, 작가들 역시 자신
들이 거짓말을 하고 있을 때는 단서를 남긴다. 하지만 이야기에 의해 더욱 다른 세상에 있는 것처럼 느낀 독자는 더 적은
‘피노키오’를 발견했다.

- 5 -
 10
내용일치(T/F) >> 1. F 2. T 3. T

2023년 수특영어 내용 및 지문 분석 3강

04. 글의요약대비 >> Many companies [ pour ] a large budget into marketing activities, but current marketing strategies,
including advertising, are very [ fruitless ].

요지 - 낡은 개념들에 기반을 둔 현재의 마케팅 전략은 거의 효과가 없다.

주제 - 광고를 포함한 현재의 마케팅 전략은 큰 효과가 없다
글의제목 대비>> Is a Marketing Strategy of an Advertising Deluge Fruitful?
글의주제 대비>> Rethinking Marketing Strategies: Outdated Notions and Disappointing↔ up to date
Returns
Marketing is based on notions(선행사) / that(관.대) a r e 20 years out of date.
<--> up to date

The notion / that(동격) / if you put enough messages out there / some of them will b e h e a r d .
밖으로 내 보내다 =messages

The notion / that(동격) 'building the brand'(브랜드 구축) is money well sp e n t .

The notion / that(동격) people believe w h a t they see and read.

[ 문장순서]

최근에 내세우는 일들 첨단기술(유튜브, SNS 등)

Recent initiatives(주어) to take advantage of(이용하다 =utilize) Web 2.0 technologies a r e (동사) merely
어법대비
reactions(선행사) / that(관.대) a p p ly old techniques to new media.
20년 뒤떨어진 개념들 웹 2.0 기술들(유튜브, SNS 등)

Marketing needs to rethink ① the messages (which or that) it(=marketing) is communicating, ② to

whom(누구에게) it's(=marketing) communicated and ③ the methods (which are) b e i ng use d (후치수식).
어법대비

Many companies are disappointed / at the lack of tangible return / on their multi-million

pounds marketing activities. 실제 손에 들어오는 수익

Advertising remains the largest budget item / on most firms' marketing plans.

Advertising may be a fixture(고정비) in a company's annual spend(연간 지출), but management

boards(이사회) are increasingly questioning w h y th i s i s .

★ 많은 광고비 지출에도 불구하고 유형 수익은 부족한 것
[ 문장넣기]

The most recent Brandchannel survey illustrates this point well.

효과가 없는 광고에 대안으로 필자가 주장하는 내용

Four(주어) of(-중에) the world's five largest brands have(동사) never conducted any advertising,

and the same is true for seven out of(-중에) the 10 fastest-growing brands.

relevant/ connected
There is (no p r o v e n c a usa l r e la ti o nsh i p ) / between advertising and financial performance.

빈칸주의 cf) casual 일상의, 임시의

글의의미: The effect is not great compared to the cost of advertising
And a d v e r ti sin g i s j ust th e ti p o f th e m e ltin g m a r k e ti ng ic e b e r g .
밑줄 원문제 =C urr e n t ma rk e tin g stra te g i e s, i n c lud i n g a d ve r ti si n g , a re n o t w o r k i n g w e ll.

* tangible return: 유형 수익
내용일치(T/F)

1. Advertising is no longer a significant item on most companies' marketing budgets, as management boards have become increasingly skeptical of its effectiveness.
- 6 -
2. Marketing needs to re-evaluate the way it communicates messages, to whom it communicates them, and the methods it uses.
3. The traditional notions of marketing, such as the belief that "building the brand" is a wise investment, are still effective in today's digital age.
 11

2023년 수특영어 내용 및 지문 분석 3강

마케팅은 시대에 20년 뒤떨어진 개념들에 기반을 두고 있다. 곧 충분히 많은 메시지를 밖으로 내보내면 그중 일부는 사람
들이 들을 것이라는 개념, ‘브랜드 구축’은 돈이 잘 사용되는 것이라는 개념, 그리고 사람들은 보고 읽는 것을 믿는다는 개
념 등이다. 웹 2.0 기술을 활용하려는 최근의 주창은 그저 낡은 기술을 새로운 매체에 적용하는 반응에 불과하다. 마케팅
은 그것이 전달하고 있는 메시지, 그것이 전달되는 대상, 사용되고 있는 방법을 재고해야 한다. 많은 회사가 수백만 파운
드의 마케팅 활동에 대한 유형 수익의 부족에 실망하고 있다. 광고는 대부분 기업의 마케팅 계획에서 여전히 가장 큰 예
산 항목이다. 광고는 회사의 연간 지출에서 고정적인 요소일 수 있지만, (회사의) 이사회는 점점 더 왜 그런지에 대해 의
문을 제기하고 있다. 가장 최근의 Brandchannel 설문 조사가 이 점을 잘 보여 준다. 세계 5대 브랜드 중 4개는 광고를 한
번도 한 적이 없으며, 이는 최고속 성장 10대 브랜드 중 7개도 마찬가지이다. 광고와 재무 성과 사이에는 입증된 인과 관
계가 없다. 그래서 광고는 마케팅이라는 녹고 있는 빙산의 일각일 뿐이다.

- 7 -
 12

2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강
★★★
1-1.1) 어법과 어휘 선택, 빈칸넣기
In the past there was little genetic pressure to stop people from becoming obese. Genetic
mutations that drove people to consume fewer calories were much [more / less] likely [to pass
on / to be passed on], [because / because of] in an environment [which / where] food was
[scarcer / richer] and its hunting or gathering required [considerable / considerate] energy
outlay, an individual with that mutation would probably die before they had a chance to
reproduce. Mutations that in our environment of abundant food now [drives / drive] us
towards obesity, on the other hand, [were / being] incorporated into the population. Things are
of course very different now but the problem is [what / that] evolutionary timescales are long.
It's only in the last century or so, approximately 0.00004 percent of mammalian evolutionary
time, [which / that] we managed to tweak our environment to [such / so] a degree [that /
which] we can pretty much eat [however / whatever] we want, [whenever / whatever] we want
it. Evolution has another couple of thousand years to go before it can [put / catch] up with
the current reality of online food shopping and delivery.

1-2.2) 문장순서
In the past there was little genetic pressure to stop people from becoming obese.

(A) Mutations that in our environment of abundant food now drive us towards obesity, on the
other hand, were incorporated into the population. Things are of course very different now
but the problem is that evolutionary timescales are long.
(B) Genetic mutations that drove people to consume fewer calories were much less likely to be
passed on, because in an environment where food was scarcer and its hunting or gathering
required considerable energy outlay, an individual with that mutation would probably die
before they had a chance to reproduce.
(C) Evolution has another couple of thousand years to go before it can catch up with the
current reality of online food shopping and delivery.
(D) It's only in the last century or so, approximately 0.00004 percent of mammalian
evolutionary time, that we managed to tweak our environment to such a degree that we
can pretty much eat whatever we want, whenever we want it.

- 1 -
 13

2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강
★
1-3.3) 문장넣기
Mutations that in our environment of abundant food now drive us towards obesity, on the
other hand, were incorporated into the population.

In the past there was little genetic pressure to stop people from becoming obese. ① Genetic
mutations that drove people to consume fewer calories were much less likely to be passed on,
because in an environment where food was scarcer and its hunting or gathering required
considerable energy outlay, an individual with that mutation would probably die before they
had a chance to reproduce. ② Things are of course very different now but the problem is that
evolutionary timescales are long. ③ It's only in the last century or so, approximately 0.00004
percent of mammalian evolutionary time, that we managed to tweak our environment to such
a degree that we can pretty much eat whatever we want, whenever we want it. ④ Evolution
has another couple of thousand years to go before it can catch up with the current reality of
online food shopping and delivery. ⑤

★★★
1-4.4) 어휘 틀린 것 고치기
In the past there was ①little genetic pressure to ②stop people from becoming obese. Genetic
mutations that drove people to consume ③fewer calories were much ④more likely to be passed
on, because in an environment where food was ⑤scarcer and its hunting or gathering required
⑥considerate energy outlay, an individual with that mutation would probably die ⑦after they
had a chance to reproduce. Mutations that in our environment of ⑧uncommon food now drive
us towards obesity, on the other hand, were ⑨incorporated into the population. Things are of
course very ⑩different now but the problem is that evolutionary timescales are ⑪long. It's
only in the last century or so, approximately 0.00004 percent of mammalian evolutionary time,
that we managed to ⑫tweak our environment to such a degree that we can pretty much eat
whatever we want, whenever we want it. Evolution has another couple of thousand years to
go ⑬before it can ⑭put up with the current reality of online food shopping and delivery.

- 2 -
 14

2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강
★
1-5.5) 어법 틀린 것 고치기
In the past there ①was little genetic pressure to stop people from becoming ②obese. Genetic
mutations that drove people ③to consume fewer calories were much less likely ④to pass on,
⑤because in an environment ⑥where food was scarcer and its hunting or gathering required
considerable energy outlay, an individual with ⑦that mutation would probably die before they
had a chance to reproduce. Mutations that in our environment of abundant food now ⑧drives
us towards obesity, on the other hand, ⑨to be incorporated into the population. Things are of
course very different now but the problem is ⑩that evolutionary timescales are long. It's only
in the last century or so, approximately 0.00004 percent of mammalian evolutionary time, ⑪
which we managed ⑫to tweak our environment to ⑬such a degree ⑭which we can pretty
much eat ⑮whatever we want, ⑯whenever we want it. Evolution has another couple of
thousand years ⑰to go before it can catch up with the current reality of online food shopping
and delivery.

1-6.6) 서술형 대비
In the past there was little genetic pressure to stop people from becoming obese. (가)사람들이
더 적은 열량을 소비하게 하는 유전 돌연변이는 전달이 될 가능성이 훨씬 덜했다, because in an
environment where food was scarcer and its hunting or gathering required considerable energy
outlay, an individual with that mutation would probably die before they had a chance to
reproduce. Mutations that in our environment of abundant food now drive us towards obesity,
on the other hand, were incorporated into the population. Things are of course very different
now but the problem is that evolutionary timescales are long. (나)It's only in the last century
or so that we managed to tweak our environment to such a degree that we can pretty much
eat whatever we want, whenever we want it. Evolution has another couple of thousand years
to go before it can catch up with the current reality of online food shopping and delivery.

① 줄친 (가)의 우리말에 맞도록 다음 주어진 단어를 배열하시오. (밑줄 변형할 것)

( calories / drove / fewer / genetic mutations / less / likely / much / pass on / people / that /
to consume / were )
★★★
② 줄친 (나)문장을 다음 주어진 문장으로 다시 쓰시오.
=Only .

- 3 -
 15

2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강

2-1.1) 어법과 어휘 선택, 빈칸넣기

The idea of family support, [suggesting / suggested] as one of the preconditions of any child's
success, is far from being [faulty / faultless]. Thus, for example, the well-known musical
psychologist Jane Davidson and her colleagues state that all the parents of children who later
become successful musicians [were / was], in fact, their charges' great friends and allies from
earliest childhood. If the great jazz musician Sidney Bechet [is / were] to hear of such a
conclusion he would be surprised indeed. His altogether [respectable / respective] parents, who
dreamed of something rather [less / more] substantial and reliable than a career in music for
their son, actually [hid / hiding] his clarinet from him. Robert Schumann's mother, the widow
of a publisher and literary translator, reconciled [herself / her] only with difficulty to her son's
choice of music as a profession; while Christoph W. Gluck, the great reformer of opera, [was
forced / forced] to roam about Italy and Bohemia after [being expelled / expelling] from home
by his father. Even some of the great musical geniuses, it is clear, [was / were] [given /
giving] switches and coal by an unkind Fate instead of the presents other youngsters received.
The 'universal support' given by parents to beginning musicians [turn / turns] out, upon closer
examination, to be a myth.

★★★

★
2-2.2) 문장순서
The idea of family support, suggested as one of the preconditions of any child's success, is far
from being faultless.

(A) Even some of the great musical geniuses, it is clear, were given switches and coal by an
unkind Fate instead of the presents other youngsters received. The 'universal support'
given by parents to beginning musicians turns out, upon closer examination, to be a myth.
(B) Thus, for example, the well-known musical psychologist Jane Davidson and her colleagues
state that all the parents of children who later become successful musicians were, in fact,
their charges' great friends and allies from earliest childhood. If the great jazz musician
Sidney Bechet were to hear of such a conclusion he would be surprised indeed.
(C) His altogether respectable parents, who dreamed of something rather more substantial and
reliable than a career in music for their son, actually hid his clarinet from him. Robert
Schumann's mother, the widow of a publisher and literary translator, reconciled herself
only with difficulty to her son's choice of music as a profession; while Christoph W. Gluck,
the great reformer of opera, was forced to roam about Italy and Bohemia after being
expelled from home by his father.

- 4 -
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2-3.3) 문장넣기★
Even some of the great musical geniuses, it is clear, were given switches and coal by an
unkind Fate instead of the presents other youngsters received.

The idea of family support, suggested as one of the preconditions of any child's success, is far
from being faultless. ① Thus, for example, the well-known musical psychologist Jane Davidson
and her colleagues state that all the parents of children who later become successful musicians
were, in fact, their charges' great friends and allies from earliest childhood. ② If the great jazz
musician Sidney Bechet were to hear of such a conclusion he would be surprised indeed. ③
His altogether respectable parents, who dreamed of something rather more substantial and
reliable than a career in music for their son, actually hid his clarinet from him. ④ Robert
Schumann's mother, the widow of a publisher and literary translator, reconciled herself only
with difficulty to her son's choice of music as a profession; while Christoph W. Gluck, the
great reformer of opera, was forced to roam about Italy and Bohemia after being expelled from
home by his father. ⑤ The 'universal support' given by parents to beginning musicians turns
out, upon closer examination, to be a myth.

★★
2-4.4) 문장넣기
His altogether respectable parents, who dreamed of something rather more substantial and
reliable than a career in music for their son, actually hid his clarinet from him.

The idea of family support, suggested as one of the preconditions of any child's success, is far
from being faultless. ① Thus, for example, the well-known musical psychologist Jane Davidson
and her colleagues state that all the parents of children who later become successful musicians
were, in fact, their charges' great friends and allies from earliest childhood. ② If the great jazz
musician Sidney Bechet were to hear of such a conclusion he would be surprised indeed. ③
Robert Schumann's mother, the widow of a publisher and literary translator, reconciled herself
only with difficulty to her son's choice of music as a profession; while Christoph W. Gluck, the
great reformer of opera, was forced to roam about Italy and Bohemia after being expelled from
home by his father. ④ Even some of the great musical geniuses, it is clear, were given
switches and coal by an unkind Fate instead of the presents other youngsters received. ⑤ The
'universal support' given by parents to beginning musicians turns out, upon closer examination,
to be a myth.

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2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강
★★
2-5.5) 어휘 틀린 것 고치기
The idea of family support, suggested as one of the ①preconditions of any child's success, is
far from being ②faulty. Thus, for example, the well-known musical psychologist Jane Davidson
and her colleagues ③state that all the parents of children who later become successful
musicians were, in fact, their charges' great friends and ④allies from earliest childhood. If the
great jazz musician Sidney Bechet were to hear of such a conclusion he would be ⑤surprised
indeed. His altogether ⑥respectful parents, who dreamed of something rather ⑦less substantial
and reliable than a career in music for their son, actually ⑧gave his clarinet from him.
Robert Schumann's mother, the widow of a publisher and literary translator, ⑨reconciled
herself only ⑩without difficulty to her son's choice of music as a profession; while Christoph
W. Gluck, the great reformer of opera, was forced to ⑪roam about Italy and Bohemia after
being ⑫expelled from home by his father. Even some of the great musical geniuses, it is clear,
were given ⑬switches and coal by an unkind Fate instead of the presents other youngsters
received. The ⑭'universal support' given by parents to beginning musicians turns out, upon
closer examination, to be a ⑮fact.

★
2-6.6) 어법 틀린 것 고치기
The idea of family support, ①suggested as one of the preconditions of any child's success, is ②
nothing but being faultless. Thus, for example, the well-known musical psychologist Jane
Davidson and her colleagues state that all the parents of children who later ③become
successful musicians ④were, in fact, their charges' great friends and allies from earliest
childhood. If the great jazz musician Sidney Bechet ⑤is to hear of such a conclusion he would
be surprised indeed. His ⑥altogether respectable parents, who dreamed of something rather
more substantial and reliable than a career in music for their son, actually ⑦hiding his
clarinet from him. Robert Schumann's mother, the widow of a publisher and literary
translator, reconciled ⑧her only with difficulty to her son's choice of music as a profession;
while Christoph W. Gluck, the great reformer of opera, ⑨was forced to roam about Italy and
Bohemia after ⑩expelling from home by his father. Even some of the great musical geniuses,
it is clear, ⑪was given switches and coal by an unkind Fate instead of the presents other
youngsters received. The 'universal support' ⑫given by parents to beginning musicians ⑬turns
out, upon closer examination, ⑭to be a myth.

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2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강

2-7.7) 서술형 대비
The idea of family support, suggested as one of the preconditions of any child's success, is far
from being faultless. Thus, for example, the well-known musical psychologist Jane Davidson
and her colleagues state that all the parents of ①children who later become successful
musicians were, in fact, ②their charges' great friends and allies from earliest childhood. If the
great jazz musician Sidney Bechet were to hear of (가)such a conclusion he would be surprised
indeed. His altogether respectable parents, who dreamed of something rather more substantial
and reliable than a career in music for their son, actually hid his clarinet from him. Robert
Schumann's mother, the widow of a publisher and literary translator, reconciled herself only
with difficulty to her son's choice of music as a profession; while Christoph W. Gluck, the
great reformer of opera, (A)자기 아버지에 의해 집에서 쫓겨난 후 Italy와 Bohemia를 여기저기 떠
돌아야 했다. Even ③some of the great musical geniuses, it is clear, were given (나)switches
and coal by an unkind Fate instead of the presents ④other youngsters received. The 'universal
support' given by parents to ⑤beginning musicians turns out, upon closer examination, to be a
myth.

A. ①－⑤ 중 지칭하는 바가 나머지 넷과 가장 거리가 먼 것은?

B. 줄친 (가)를 구체적으로 우리말로 쓰시오.

C. 줄친 (나)가 구체적으로 의미하는 바를 우리말로 쓰시오.

★D. 줄친 (A)의 우리말에 맞게 다음 단어들을 배열하시오. (밑줄 변형할 것)

( about / after / by / expell / force / from / his father / home / Italy and Bohemia / roam )

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2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강
★★★★★
3-1.1) 어법과 어휘 선택, 빈칸넣기
A key feature particular to stories [are / is] that they have the ability to transport the reader.
While experiencing stories, one can feel emotionally [involved / involving] and as if [sweeping
away / being swept away] as a participant. There is some evidence [that / which] being
transported into a story requires a suspension of disbelief; enjoying Jurassic Park or a Harry
Potter tale may involve [putting aside / drawing in] [what / that] one knows about the world
that [contradicts / supports] the story. A story that suggests an [unexpected / expected]
outcome ("George Washington declined the nomination to become the first president of the
United States") [results / result] in readers [to be / being] slower to verify well-known facts
("George Washington was elected first president of the United States"). This suspension of
disbelief may make one [more / less] likely to spot problems in a narrative, as [illustraing /
illustrated] by a study [which / in which] participants read a story and circled any "false
notes" or parts that did not make sense. Green and Brock refer to this method as "Pinocchio
circling": just as the puppet's nose signaled when he told a falsehood, authors also leave clues
when they are being [truthful / untruthful]. But readers who were more transported by the
story spotted [more / fewer] "Pinocchios."

3-2.2) 문장순서
A key feature particular to stories is that they have the ability to transport the reader. While
experiencing stories, one can feel emotionally involved and as if being swept away as a
participant.

(A) This suspension of disbelief may make one less likely to spot problems in a narrative, as
illustrated by a study in which participants read a story and circled any "false notes" or
parts that did not make sense.
(B) There is some evidence that being transported into a story requires a suspension of
disbelief; enjoying Jurassic Park or a Harry Potter tale may involve putting aside what
one knows about the world that contradicts the story. A story that suggests an
unexpected outcome ("George Washington declined the nomination to become the first
president of the United States") results in readers being slower to verify well-known facts
("George Washington was elected first president of the United States").
(C) Green and Brock refer to this method as "Pinocchio circling": just as the puppet's nose
signaled when he told a falsehood, authors also leave clues when they are being
untruthful.
(D) But readers who were more transported by the story spotted fewer "Pinocchios."

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2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강
★
3-3.3) 문장넣기
This suspension of disbelief may make one less likely to spot problems in a narrative, as
illustrated by a study in which participants read a story and circled any "false notes" or parts
that did not make sense.

A key feature particular to stories is that they have the ability to transport the reader. ①
While experiencing stories, one can feel emotionally involved and as if being swept away as a
participant. ② There is some evidence that being transported into a story requires a
suspension of disbelief; enjoying Jurassic Park or a Harry Potter tale may involve putting
aside what one knows about the world that contradicts the story. ③ A story that suggests an
unexpected outcome ("George Washington declined the nomination to become the first president
of the United States") results in readers being slower to verify well-known facts ("George
Washington was elected first president of the United States"). ④ Green and Brock refer to this
method as "Pinocchio circling": just as the puppet's nose signaled when he told a falsehood,
authors also leave clues when they are being untruthful. ⑤ But readers who were more
transported by the story spotted fewer "Pinocchios."

★★★★★
3-4.4) 어휘 틀린 것 고치기
A key feature particular to stories is that they have the ability to ①transport the reader.
While experiencing stories, one can feel emotionally ②involved and as if being ③excluded as a
participant. There is some evidence that being ④transported into a story requires a suspension
of disbelief; enjoying Jurassic Park or a Harry Potter tale may involve ⑤putting aside what
one knows about the world that ⑥supports the story. A story that suggests an ⑦unexpected
outcome ("George Washington declined the nomination to become the first president of the
United States") results in readers being ⑧faster to verify well-known facts ("George
Washington was elected first president of the United States"). This suspension of disbelief may
make one ⑨more likely to spot problems in a narrative, as illustrated by a study in which
participants read a story and circled any "⑩false notes" or parts that did not ⑪make sense.
Green and Brock refer to this method as "Pinocchio circling": just as the puppet's nose
signaled when he told a ⑫falsehood, authors also leave clues when they are being ⑬truthful.
But readers who were more transported by the story spotted ⑭more "Pinocchios."

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2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강

★★★
3-5.5) 어법 틀린 것 고치기
A key feature particular to stories ①is that they have the ability to transport the reader.
While experiencing stories, one can feel emotionally ②involved and as if ③sweeping away as a
participant. There is some evidence ④that ⑤transporting into a story requires a suspension of
disbelief; enjoying Jurassic Park or a Harry Potter tale may involve putting aside ⑥that one
knows about the world that contradicts the story. A story ⑦that suggests an unexpected
outcome ("George Washington declined the nomination to become the first president of the
United States") ⑧result in readers ⑨to be slower to verify well-known facts ("George
Washington was elected first president of the United States"). This suspension of disbelief may
make one less likely to spot problems in a narrative, as ⑩illustrated by a study ⑪which
participants read a story and ⑫circled any "false notes" or parts that did not make sense.
Green and Brock refer to this method as "Pinocchio circling": just as the puppet's nose ⑬
signaled when he told a falsehood, authors also leave clues when they are ⑭being untruthful.
But readers who were more ⑮transported by the story ⑯spotted fewer "Pinocchios.“

★★★

3-6.6) 서술형 대비
A key feature particular to stories is that they have the ability to transport the reader. While
experiencing stories, one can feel emotionally involved and as if being swept away as a
participant. There is some evidence that being transported into a story requires a suspension
of disbelief; enjoying Jurassic Park or a Harry Potter tale may involve (가)이야기와 모순되는
세상에 대해 알고 있는 바를 제쳐 두는 것. (나)예상치 못한 결과를 말하는 이야기는 독자들이 잘
알려진 사실을 확인하는 데 더 느려지게 만든다. This suspension of disbelief may make one less
likely to spot problems in a narrative, (다)참가자들이 이야기를 읽고 ‘거짓 정보’나 말이 되지 않
는 부분이면 어느 것이든 동그라미를 쳤던 한 연구가 예증하듯이. Green and Brock refer to this
method as "Pinocchio circling": just as the puppet's nose signaled when he told a falsehood,
authors also leave clues when they are being untruthful. But readers who were more
transported by the story spotted fewer "Pinocchios."
★★★
① 줄친 (가)의 우리말에 맞도록 영작하시오. (밑줄 변형할 것)
( about the world / aside / contradicts / knows / one / put / that / the story / what )
★
② 줄친 (나)의 우리말에 맞도록 영작하시오. (밑줄 변형할 것)
( A story / an unexpected outcome / be / in / readers / result / slower / suggests / that /
well-known facts / to verify )

★★★
③ 줄친 (다)의 우리말에 맞도록 영작하시오. (밑줄 변형할 것)
( a story / and / any "false notes" / as / by a study / circled / did not / illustrate / in / make
sense / or parts / participants / read / that / which )

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2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강

4-1.1) 어법과 어휘 선택, 빈칸넣기

Marketing is based on notions that [is / are] 20 years out of date. The notion that if you put
enough messages out there some of [it / them] will [be heard / hear]. The notion that
'building the brand' is money well [spent / spending]. The notion that people believe [that /
what] they see and read. Recent initiatives to take advantage of Web 2.0 technologies [are / is]
merely reactions that apply old techniques to new media. Marketing needs to rethink the
messages it is [communicating / communicated], to whom it's [communicating / communicated]
and the methods [was being used / being used]. Many companies are [disappointed /
disappointing] at the lack of [tangible / intangible] return on their multi-million pounds
marketing activities. Advertising remains the largest budget item on most firms' marketing
plans. Advertising may be a fixture in a company's annual spend, but management boards are
increasingly questioning why this is. The most recent Brandchannel survey illustrates this
point well. Four of the world's five largest brands have never conducted any advertising, and
the same is true for seven out of the 10 fastest-growing brands. There is no proven [casual /
causal] relationship between advertising and financial performance. And advertising is just the
tip of the melting marketing iceberg.

★
4-2.2) 문장순서
Marketing is based on notions that are 20 years out of date. The notion that if you put
enough messages out there some of them will be heard. The notion that 'building the brand' is
money well spent. The notion that people believe what they see and read.

(A) The most recent Brandchannel survey illustrates this point well. Four of the world's five
largest brands have never conducted any advertising, and the same is true for seven out
of the 10 fastest-growing brands. There is no proven causal relationship between
advertising and financial performance. And advertising is just the tip of the melting
marketing iceberg.
(B) Many companies are disappointed at the lack of tangible return on their multi-million
pounds marketing activities. Advertising remains the largest budget item on most firms'
marketing plans. Advertising may be a fixture in a company's annual spend, but
management boards are increasingly questioning why this is.
(C) Recent initiatives to take advantage of Web 2.0 technologies are merely reactions that
apply old techniques to new media. Marketing needs to rethink the messages it is
communicating, to whom it's communicated and the methods being used.

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2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강
★
4-3.3) 문장넣기
The most recent Brandchannel survey illustrates this point well.

Marketing is based on notions that are 20 years out of date. The notion that if you put
enough messages out there some of them will be heard. The notion that 'building the brand' is
money well spent. The notion that people believe what they see and read. Recent initiatives to
take advantage of Web 2.0 technologies are merely reactions that apply old techniques to new
media. ① Marketing needs to rethink the messages it is communicating, to whom it's
communicated and the methods being used. ② Many companies are disappointed at the lack of
tangible return on their multi-million pounds marketing activities. ③ Advertising remains the
largest budget item on most firms' marketing plans. ④ Advertising may be a fixture in a
company's annual spend, but management boards are increasingly questioning why this is. ⑤
Four of the world's five largest brands have never conducted any advertising, and the same is
true for seven out of the 10 fastest-growing brands. There is no proven causal relationship
between advertising and financial performance. And advertising is just the tip of the melting
marketing iceberg.

4-4.4) 어휘 틀린 것 고치기
Marketing is based on notions that are 20 years ①out of date. The notion that if you put
enough messages out there some of them will be heard. The notion that 'building the brand' is
money ②well spent. The notion that people believe what they see and read. Recent initiatives
to take advantage of Web 2.0 technologies are merely reactions that apply old techniques to ③
new media. Marketing needs to ④rethink the messages it is communicating, to whom it's
communicated and the methods being used. Many companies are ⑤disappointed at the lack of
⑥tangible return on their multi-million pounds marketing activities. Advertising remains the
largest budget item on most firms' marketing plans. Advertising may be a ⑦fixture in a
company's annual spend, but management boards are increasingly ⑧convinced why this is. The
most recent Brandchannel survey illustrates this point well. Four of the world's five largest
brands have never ⑨conducted any advertising, and the same is true for seven out of the 10
fastest-growing brands. There is no proven ⑩casual relationship between advertising and
financial performance. And advertising is just the tip of the ⑪melting marketing iceberg.

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2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강

★
4-5.5) 어법 틀린 것 고치기
Marketing is based on notions that ①are 20 years out of date. The notion that if you put
enough messages out there some of ②it will ③hear. The notion that 'building the brand' is
money well ④spent. The notion that people believe ⑤that they see and read. Recent initiatives
to take advantage of Web 2.0 technologies are merely reactions that ⑥apply old techniques to
new media. Marketing needs to rethink the messages it is communicating, ⑦to whom it's
communicated and the methods ⑧are being used. Many companies are ⑨disappointed at the
lack of tangible return on their multi-million pounds marketing activities. Advertising remains
the largest budget item on most firms' marketing plans. Advertising may be a fixture in a
company's annual spend, but management boards are increasingly questioning ⑩why this is.
The most recent Brandchannel survey illustrates this point well. Four of the world's five
largest brands ⑪have never conducted any advertising, and the same is true for seven out of
the 10 fastest-growing brands. There ⑫is no proven causal relationship between advertising
and financial performance. And advertising is just the tip of the ⑬melting marketing iceberg.

4-6.6) 서술형 대비
Marketing is based on notions that are 20 years out of date. The notion that if you put
enough messages out there some of them will be heard. The notion that 'building the brand' is
money well spent. The notion that people believe what they see and read. Recent initiatives to
take advantage of Web 2.0 technologies are merely reactions that apply ⓐold techniques to ⓑ
new media. Marketing needs to rethink the messages it is communicating, to whom it's
communicated and the methods being used. Many companies are disappointed at the lack of
tangible return on their multi-million pounds marketing activities. Advertising remains the
largest budget item on most firms' marketing plans. Advertising may be a fixture in a
company's annual spend, but management boards are increasingly questioning ⓒwhy this is.
The most recent Brandchannel survey illustrates this point well. Four of the world's five
largest brands have never conducted any advertising, and the same is true for seven out of
the 10 fastest-growing brands. There is no proven causal relationship between advertising and
financial performance. And advertising is just the tip of the melting marketing iceberg.

★
① ⓐ와 ⓑ가 가리키는 것을 지문에서 찾아 쓰시오.

★
② ⓒ가 의미하는 바를 구체적으로 우리말로 쓰시오.

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2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강

정답

01.
1) less / to be passed on / because / where / scarcer / considerable / drive / were / that / that
/ such / that / whatever / whenever / catch
2) B-A-D-C
3) ②
4) ④ less ⑥ considerable ⑦ before ⑧ abundant ⑭ catch up with
5) ④ to be passed on ⑧ drive ⑨ were ⑪ that ⑭ that
6) ① Genetic mutations that drove people to consume fewer calories were much less likely to
be passed on ② in the last century or so did we manage to tweak our environment

02.
1) family support / suggested / faultless / were / were / respectable / more / hid / herself / was
forced / being expelled / were / given / universal support / turns / myth
2) B-C-A
3) ⑤
4) ③
5) ② faultless ⑥ respectable ⑦ more ⑧ hid ⑩ with ⑮ myth
6) ② far from ⑤ were ⑦ hid ⑧ herself ⑩ being expelled ⑪ were given
7) A. ④ (부모의 말을 잘 듣는 음악을 하지 않는 아이들) B. 아이가 부모의 성원으로 성공한 음악
가가 된 얘기 C. 음악을 반대하는 부모의 체벌 D. was forced to roam about Italy and
Bohemia after being expelled from home by his father

03.
1) is / transport the reader / involved / being swept away / that / being transported into a
story / suspension of disbelief / putting aside / what / contradicts / unexpected / results /
being / suspension of disbelief / less / illustrated / in which / untruthful / more transported
by the story / fewer
2) B-A-C-D
3) ④
4) ③ swept away ⑥ contradicts ⑧ slower ⑨ less ⑬ untruthful ⑭ fewer
5) ③ being swept ⑤ being transported ⑥ what ⑧ results ⑨ being ⑪ in which
6) ① putting aside what one knows about the world that contradicts the story ② A story that
suggests an unexpected outcome results in readers being slower to verify well-known facts
③ as illustrated by a study in which participants read a story and circled any "false notes"
or parts that did not make sense

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2023년 수특영어 복습 과제 3강

04.
1) are / them / be heard / spent / what / are / communicating / communicated / being used /
disappointed / tangible / causal
2) C-B-A
3) ⑤
4) ⑧ questioning ⑩ causal
5) ② them ③ be heard ⑤ what ⑧ being used
6) ① ⓐ marketing based on notions that are 20 years out of date ⓑ Web 2.0 technologies ②
많은 광고비 지출에도 불구하고 유형 수익은 부족한 것

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2023년 수특영어 한 문장씩 해석하기 3강

01.
In the past there was little genetic pressure to stop people from becoming obese.

Genetic mutations that drove people to consume fewer calories were much less likely to be
passed on, because in an environment where food was scarcer and its hunting or gathering
required considerable energy outlay, an individual with that mutation would probably die
before they had a chance to reproduce.

Mutations that in our environment of abundant food now drive us towards obesity, on the
other hand, were incorporated into the population.

Things are of course very different now but the problem is that evolutionary timescales are
long.

It's only in the last century or so, approximately 0.00004 percent of mammalian evolutionary
time, that we managed to tweak our environment to such a degree that we can pretty much
eat whatever we want, whenever we want it.

Evolution has another couple of thousand years to go before it can catch up with the current
reality of online food shopping and delivery.
* mutation: 돌연변이 ** outlay: (에너지 등의) 소비 *** tweak: 변경하다, 수정하다

과거에는 사람들이 비만이 되는 것을 막을 수 있는 유전적 압력이 거의 없었다. 사람들이 더 적은 열량을 소비하게 하는

유전 돌연변이는 전달이 될 가능성이 훨씬 덜했는데, 왜냐하면 먹을 것이 더 부족하고 그것을 사냥하거나 채집하는 데
상당한 에너지 소비가 요구되는 환경에서, 그 돌연변이를 가진 사람은 아마도 자신이 번식할 기회를 얻기 전에 죽었을
것이기 때문이다. 반면에, 먹을 것이 풍부한 환경에서 이제 우리를 비만으로 몰아가는 돌연변이가 인구 집단 속에
포함되었다. 물론 지금은 상황이 아주 다르지만, 문제는 진화 기간이 길다는 것이다. 포유류의 진화 시간의 약
0.00004퍼센트에 해당하는 지난 세기쯤에서야, 우리는 원하는 것은 무엇이든 우리가 그것을 원할 때마다 거의 먹을 수
있을 정도로 우리의 환경을 바꾸어 냈다. 진화가 온라인 음식 쇼핑과 배달의 현재 현실을 따라잡을 수 있기까지는 앞으로
몇천 년이 더 걸린다.

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2023년 수특영어 한 문장씩 해석하기 3강

02.
The idea of family support, suggested as one of the preconditions of any child's success, is far
from being faultless.

Thus, for example, the well-known musical psychologist Jane Davidson and her colleagues state
that all the parents of children who later become successful musicians were, in fact, their
charges' great friends and allies from earliest childhood.

If the great jazz musician Sidney Bechet were to hear of such a conclusion he would be
surprised indeed.

His altogether respectable parents, who dreamed of something rather more substantial and
reliable than a career in music for their son, actually hid his clarinet from him.

Robert Schumann's mother, the widow of a publisher and literary translator, reconciled herself
only with difficulty to her son's choice of music as a profession; while Christoph W. Gluck, the
great reformer of opera, was forced to roam about Italy and Bohemia after being expelled from
home by his father.

Even some of the great musical geniuses, it is clear, were given switches and coal by an
unkind Fate instead of the presents other youngsters received.

The 'universal support' given by parents to beginning musicians turns out, upon closer
examination, to be a myth.
* charge: 보살펴야 하는 사람 ** reconcile oneself to: ~을 감수하다 *** switch: 회초리

어떤 아이라도 그 아이의 성공을 위한 전제 조건의 하나로 제안된, 가족의 성원에 대한 생각에 결코 결점이 없는 것이
아니다. 따라서, 예컨대 유명한 음악 심리학자인 Jane Davidson과 그녀의 동료들은 나중에 성공한 음악가가 된 아이들의
모든 부모가 사실은 그들이 유년기부터 보살펴야 하는 아이들의 훌륭한 친구이며 협력자였다고 말한다. 만약 위대한 재즈
음악가인 Sidney Bechet가 그런 결론을 듣는다면, 그는 정말 놀랄 것이다. 아들을 위해 음악에서의 직업보다는 다소 더
실질적이고 믿음직한 것을 꿈꿨던, 전적으로 존경할 만한 그의 부모는 실제로 그의 클라리넷을 그에게서 감췄다.
출판업자이자 문학 번역가의 미망인이었던 Robert Schumann의 어머니는 자기 아들이 직업으로 음악을 선택한 것을 겨우
간신히 감수했으며, 한편, 훌륭한 오페라 개혁가였던 Christoph W. Gluck는 자기 아버지에 의해 집에서 쫓겨난 후 Italy와
Bohemia를 여기저기 떠돌아야 했다. 심지어 위대한 음악 천재 중 몇몇은 다른 젊은이들이 받았던 선물이 아니라 불친절한
운명에 의해 회초리와 석탄을 받았던 것이 분명하다. 초보 음악가에게 부모가 주는 ‘보편적 성원’은 더 자세히 조사해 보면
근거 없는 믿음으로 판명된다.

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03.
A key feature particular to stories is that they have the ability to transport the reader. While
experiencing stories, one can feel emotionally involved and as if being swept away as a
participant.

There is some evidence that being transported into a story requires a suspension of disbelief;
enjoying Jurassic Park or a Harry Potter tale may involve putting aside what one knows
about the world that contradicts the story.

A story that suggests an unexpected outcome ("George Washington declined the nomination to
become the first president of the United States") results in readers being slower to verify
well-known facts ("George Washington was elected first president of the United States").

This suspension of disbelief may make one less likely to spot problems in a narrative, as
illustrated by a study in which participants read a story and circled any "false notes" or parts
that did not make sense.

Green and Brock refer to this method as "Pinocchio circling": just as the puppet's nose
signaled when he told a falsehood, authors also leave clues when they are being untruthful.

But readers who were more transported by the story spotted fewer "Pinocchios."
* verify: 확인하다

이야기 특유의 한 가지 중요한 특징은 이야기에는 독자를 다른 세상에 있는 것처럼 느끼게 하는 능력이 있다는 것이다.
이야기를 경험하는 동안, 감정적으로 몰입되어 등장인물로서 정신없이 빠져드는 듯한 기분을 느낄 수 있다. 이야기 속
다른 세상에 있는 것처럼 느껴지는 것에는 불신의 유예가 필요하다는 몇 가지 증거가 있는데, Jurassic Park이나 Harry
Potter 이야기를 즐기는 것은 이야기와 모순되는 세상에 대해 알고 있는 바를 제쳐 두는 것을 수반할 수도 있다. 예상치
못한 결과(‘George Washington은 미국의 초대 대통령에 지명되는 것을 거부했다’)를 말하는 이야기는 독자들이 잘 알려진
사실(‘George Washington은 미국의 초대 대통령으로 당선되었다’)을 확인하는 데 더 느려지게 만든다. 이러한 불신의
유예는, (연구의) 참가자들이 이야기를 읽고 ‘거짓 정보’나 말이 되지 않는 부분이면 어느 것이든 동그라미를 쳤던 한
연구가 예증하듯이, 이야기 속에서 문제를 발견할 가능성을 더 적게 만들 수도 있다. Green과 Brock은 이 방법을
‘피노키오 동그라미 치기’라고 부르는데, 그 인형이 거짓말을 할 때 그 인형의 코가 신호를 보낸 것과 꼭 마찬가지로,
작가들 역시 자신들이 거짓말을 하고 있을 때는 단서를 남긴다. 하지만 이야기에 의해 더욱 다른 세상에 있는 것처럼
느낀 독자는 더 적은 ‘피노키오’를 발견했다.

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04.
Marketing is based on notions that are 20 years out of date.

The notion that if you put enough messages out there some of them will be heard.

The notion that 'building the brand' is money well spent.

The notion that people believe what they see and read.

Recent initiatives to take advantage of Web 2.0 technologies are merely reactions that apply
old techniques to new media.

Marketing needs to rethink the messages it is communicating, to whom it's communicated and
the methods being used.

Many companies are disappointed at the lack of tangible return on their multi-million pounds
marketing activities.

Advertising remains the largest budget item on most firms' marketing plans.

Advertising may be a fixture in a company's annual spend, but management boards are
increasingly questioning why this is.

The most recent Brandchannel survey illustrates this point well.

Four of the world's five largest brands have never conducted any advertising, and the same is
true for seven out of the 10 fastest-growing brands.

There is no proven causal relationship between advertising and financial performance.

And advertising is just the tip of the melting marketing iceberg.

* tangible return: 유형 수익

마케팅은 시대에 20년 뒤떨어진 개념들에 기반을 두고 있다. 곧 충분히 많은 메시지를 밖으로 내보내면 그중 일부는
사람들이 들을 것이라는 개념, ‘브랜드 구축’은 돈이 잘 사용되는 것이라는 개념, 그리고 사람들은 보고 읽는 것을
믿는다는 개념 등이다. 웹 2.0 기술을 활용하려는 최근의 주창은 그저 낡은 기술을 새로운 매체에 적용하는 반응에
불과하다. 마케팅은 그것이 전달하고 있는 메시지, 그것이 전달되는 대상, 사용되고 있는 방법을 재고해야 한다. 많은
회사가 수백만 파운드의 마케팅 활동에 대한 유형 수익의 부족에 실망하고 있다. 광고는 대부분 기업의 마케팅 계획에서
여전히 가장 큰 예산 항목이다. 광고는 회사의 연간 지출에서 고정적인 요소일 수 있지만, (회사의) 이사회는 점점 더 왜
그런지에 대해 의문을 제기하고 있다. 가장 최근의 Brandchannel 설문 조사가 이 점을 잘 보여 준다. 세계 5대 브랜드 중
4개는 광고를 한 번도 한 적이 없으며, 이는 최고속 성장 10대 브랜드 중 7개도 마찬가지이다. 광고와 재무 성과 사이에는
입증된 인과 관계가 없다. 그래서 광고는 마케팅이라는 녹고 있는 빙산의 일각일 뿐이다.

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