2 人 生哲理 Life Philosophy

詳解 P7~P13

一、綜合測驗
　　Most teenagers want to be independent, but they don’t want to be alone. In the
meanwhile, most of them do not want to stand out, away from the crowd. They want to
　　 and have connection to other people, especially other teens.
　　Teenagers care much about how others look at them. Sometimes just a pimple
on the face could undermine their conf idence, not to mention physical defects. They
pay much attention to their appearance 　　 they might be laughed at. However, a
person’s self-image is actually related to how we think of ourselves, rather than how
others see us.
　　Self-identif ication is highly associated with our upbringing. Children brought
up in an environment of 　　 criticism and scolding are apt to have a sense of
inferiority. Therefore, 　　 they are virtually def icient in some way, they still tend
to assume that other people are looking down on them. It is none other than they
themselves that 　　 themselves. Gradually, their negative opinions on themselves
shatter their conf idence.
　　We have to learn that nobody can hurt our feelings on condition that we embrace
ourselves; so be open to our true selves.
1  deliver  improve  recover  belong
2  in case of  even though  as if  for fear that
3  general  harsh  valid  moderate
4  whether  unless  though  since
5  penetrate into  specialize in  disapprove of  indulge in

　　There is a Chinese saying, “In a book is a golden house.” It means that reading
and studying will take you anywhere and give you everything you want. Now, here is a
story to 　　 the saying in an interesting way.
　　A young man from a rich family was about to graduate from high school. It was
the 　　 in that wealthy neighborhood for parents to give the graduate an automobile.
Bill and his father had spent months looking at cars, and the week before graduation

14 主題 2 　人生哲理
they found the perfect car. Bill was certain that the car would be his on graduation
night.
　　Imagine his disappointment when, on the eve of his graduation, Bill’s father
handed him a gift-wrapped Bible! Bill was so angry that he threw the Bible down and
stormed out of the house. He 　　 with his father and had never seen him again. It
was the news of his father’s death 　　 brought Bill home again.
　　As he sat one night, going through his father’s possessions that he was to inherit,
he 　　 the Bible his father had given him. He brushed away the dust and opened it
to f ind a cashier’s check, dated the day of his graduation, in the exact amount of the car
they had chosen.
6  tolerate  sacrif ice  negotiate  interpret
7  approach  custom  feature  stretch
8  broke up  worked out  calmed down  put up
9  which  what  that  who
10  devoted to  came across  suffered from  bombarded with

二、文意選填

 ridiculous  promised  consequence  announcement  explanation

 reliable  requested  astonishment  risked  reluctant

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　　Once there was a king who never ate a meal without f ish. One day, a superstorm
attacked the kingdom, and the 　　 was that all the f ishermen were unable to go out
f ishing. So the king had no breakfast and no lunch. Then he could not help but have
his prime minister make a public 　　 that if anyone in the capital brought the king a
f ish, the king would give him anything he asked for.
　　Under great award, there must be someone brave. At last, a f isherman 　　 his
life in catching a big f ish late in the afternoon and hurried to the king’s palace with it.
But the prime minister would not let him in unless the f isherman 　　 to give him
half of whatever the king gave the f isherman for the f ish. The f isherman was 　　 to
accept this unfair deal.
　　The king was very happy when he saw the f ish. He asked the f isherman what

主題 2 　人生哲理 15
he wanted for the f ish. To his 　　, the f isherman said, “I want you to beat me two
dozen times with a stick.” Though the king felt it was 　　 but he decided to do as
the f isherman wished — beating him as hard as possible.
　　After the king hit him for a dozen times, the f isherman jumped away and 　　
a pause, “That is enough for me. I promised the other dozen to your prime minister.”
Then he told the king what had happened between the prime minister and himself. The
king f lew into a rage, refusing to hear any 　　 from the prime minister. He not only
gave the prime minister the dozen hits, but said, “Because you are not 　　 anymore,
you will not be my prime minister any more. The f isherman will take your place.”

三、篇章結構
　　If the past has taught us anything, it is that every cause brings its effect and every
action has a consequence. 　　 It applies equally in this world and in the next. We
Chinese have a saying: “If a man plants melons, he will reap melons; if he sows beans,
he will reap beans.” 　　 You might think that this sounds too fatalistic. It is true
that karma decides our destiny and future. However, we are the ones who create our
karma. The karmic result that we experience is dependent on the karma that we create.
　　True enough, the sun shines on the saint and the sinner alike, and too often it
seems that the wicked wax and prosper. But we can say with certainty that, with the
individual as with the nation, the f lourishing of the wicked is an illusion. 　　 In
the end, we are all the sum total of our actions. 　　 Like the markings on wood,
which are rooted in the very heart of the tree, character requires time and nurture for
growth and development.
　　Thus also, day by day, we write our own destiny. And then naturally we become
what we do. This, I believe, is the supreme logic and the law of life.
karma 因果報應
䕷 For life keeps books on us all constantly.
虲 This thought, in my opinion, is the moral foundation of the universe.
蚒 And this is true of every man’s life: Good brings about good, and evil leads to evil.
蚲 Character cannot be faked, nor can it be put on and cast off as if it were a dress at
will.
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16 主題 2 　人生哲理
一、綜合測驗
　　Every one of us experiences disappointment in life. Nevertheless, when we face
disappointment, 　　 feeling angry or depressed, we are supposed to think of better
ways to deal with it.
　　First of all, it is advisable to take a certain amount of time to feel hurt. Also, it
is essential that we f ind someone to share our disappointment with. After we have
expressed our hurt, we should look for positive activities to 　　 our disappointment.
Besides, we can write down on paper everything that we are grateful for. This may
help us focus on positive things in our lives instead of negative 　　.
　　The most important step is to keep moving forward. It is useless to dwell on our
disappointment. All we have to do is take advantage of this disappointment to reexamine
our 　　 and then make major or minor changes. Then just do what is the top item
on your to-do list, 　　 disappointment and those negative feelings behind without
looking back. We have to bear in mind the only true failure is to give up and that one’s
best success comes after some greatest disappointments.
1  let alone  as for  rather than  according to
2  look over  take over  get over  turn over
3  others  those  them  ones
4  humanities  priorities  volunteers  catalogues
5  leaving  to leave  left  leave

　　I remember a lesson I learned from my dad on a warm spring day many years ago.
As we were about to go f ishing on a nearby river, my 　　 was drawn to a f light of
geese heading north to their summer home in Canada. My youthful curiosity 　　,
I asked my dad why the geese were f lying in a V formation. He said geese f ly in
formation because they can travel up to 30 percent faster this way than if they f ly 　　.
　　There is more to the lesson of the geese. My dad also told me the geese 　　
in the lead position, the most demanding position in the V formation. When the lead
goose feels tired, another quickly takes its place, thus enabling the lead goose to fall
back into line to rest and regain energy. Another benef it to the V formation is that
it is easy to keep track of every bird in the group. Flying in formation is 　　 in
communication and coordination within the group.

主題 2 　人生哲理 17
　　Memories of that warm spring day are melted into those of many similar days of
my youth. But the lesson I learned from my dad will never be forgotten.
6  instrument  description  schedule  attention
7  recited  sustained  aroused  evolved
8  on their own  for their sake  by their side  at their request
9  take risks  take over  take turns  take place
10  out of curiosity  of great help  in a circle  in good hands

二、文意選填

 persisting  smooth  shrinking  declined  achieving

 vital  tough  committed  legend  boost

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　　Celebrities often seem like they were meant to achieve success. However, if
you examine their lives, you will discover it is not always 　　 sailing. Author
J.K. Rowling’s f irst Harry Potter book was 　　 by twelve publishers before one
f inally accepted it. Michael Jordan was once cut from his high school basketball team.
However, over the next three decades, he became a superstar in the court instantly and
has become a basketball 　　. It was the special quality of self-eff icacy that drove
them on when things got 　　.
　　Self-eff icacy is a person’s strong belief in their own ability to succeed. Although
everyone can dream of 　　 success, many people quit when obstacles appear. But
people with high self-eff icacy will always be 　　 through diff iculties, making
changes and doing whatever is necessary to reach their goals. If they are lucky to
succeed, no matter how little the success is, they generally get a 　　 in motivation
to continue learning and making progress.
　　People with self-eff icacy see problems as opportunities for improvement. They
also view failures as things they can learn from instead of losing their conf idence and
　　 back. They are 　　 to what they do, and they work through failure to reach
success.

18 主題 2 　人生哲理
　　Self-eff icacy plays a 　　 role, especially in business, by driving innovation.
When Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak came up with the idea of selling home computers
to electronics companies, they were rejected as naive dreamers. They went on to found
Apple Computers, and the rest is history.

三、篇章結構
　　In a society that places so much emphasis on “making it,” we fail to recognize that
what looks like failure may, in the long run, prove benef icial. There is a difference
between “I have failed three times” and “I am a failure.” Indeed, the words failure and
success cannot be applied to a complex, living, changing human being. 　　
　　Certain kinds of success can indeed be destructive. The danger of success too
early is particularly acute whenever a child demonstrates special talent. Studies have
shown that early success, i.e. being labelled as a genius, in childhood is not a clear
indication of success later in life. When we see someone else succeeding early, we tend
to think that their success is because they were lucky to have external circumstances
that led to it. On the other hand, when we succeed early, we see things in a different
way. 　　 This bias will cause us to lose the right perspective of the success.
　　Success that comes too easily is also damaging. The adult who distinguishes
himself at a f irst job by lucky accident faces probable disappointment when real
challenges arise. 　　 Successful students sometimes become so obsessed with
grades that they never enjoy their school years. Success may cost too much — in strain
(keeping a cheerful public face while your personal life falls apart) or loss of integrity
(f lattering, lying). 　　
　　Why are so many people so afraid of failure? Quite simply because no one tells us
how to fail. Once you learn to use it, it can make a positive contribution to your life.
䕷 They can only describe the situation at a particular time and place.
虲 We believe that success is the result of our innate talent or hard work.
 Success is also bad when it’s achieved at the cost of the total quality of an experience.
蚲 Above all, it may be too costly if the end result is fear — fear of not repeating the
success.
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主題 2 　人生哲理 19
一、綜合測驗
　　Have you ever made your New Year’s resolutions for self-improvement, only to end
up f inding yourself slipping in your resolve? This year can be different if you 　　
yourself up to win, to approach your resolutions the right way.
　　According to Dr. White, a board-certif ied psychiatrist, after deciding one goal with
a well-def ined measurable outcome, you have to determine the period 　　 you want
to achieve that goal. Remember to make it a reasonable expectation. Then try to give
your desired outcome details. For example, you can 　　 the lighter-weight you now
f itting into a certain outf it: How will you look? How will you feel? How will people
react when seeing you?
　　　　 your outcome is clear, make a life-size picture of it. Imagine yourself acting,
seeing, feeling and hearing as you will when your goal is reached. Make it big, adding
intensity through colors, sounds and feelings. What follows is to break the goal into
smaller steps and put them into 　　.
　　Along the way, always focus on the outcome, as this will keep you on the shortest
path to achieving your goal.
1  make  take  put  set
2  which  that  when  where
3  visualize  idolize  minimize  deposit
4  Before  While  Though  Once
5  history  practice  example  surprise

　　Robert Frost, one of the greatest American poets of the 20th century, is the only
poet to have won four Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry. He bequeathed his nation 　　
imperishable verse from which Americans always gain joy and understanding. His
poems, mostly 　　 of rural life, explore deep aspects of human experience and
express a sense of common humanity.
　　Frost’s most famous poem “The Road Not Taken” is a 　　 example of this.
In this poem, a traveler, needing to choose which route to take in the woods, was in
a dilemma. The inner conf lict makes choosing a road in the countryside a symbol of
making a decision in life. When in distress, we 　　 look back on the moments when

20 主題 2 　人生哲理
we needed to make important choices. In effect, once we made a choice, we have to
　　 all the other alternatives. Also, we are supposed to know clearly that every
choice will lead us to a different series of other choices, making it impossible for us to
go back. As a result, it will be no use at all regretting any choice that has been made.
6  a number of  a body of  an image of  an impression of
7  achievements  comprehension  empathy  descriptions
8  constant  beforehand  prime  deliberate
9  eager to  tend to  prone to  apt to
10  let go of  reach out to  catch up on  get down to

二、文意選填

 ineff icient  risk  execute  footsteps  security

 worth  monitor  essential  focus  trap

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　　Warren Buffett is an extremely wealthy and generous man. He has made a great
fortune on his investment and decided to give away nearly all his money to charity
by the time he dies. He announced that he has donated 2.9 billion 　　 of stock to
non-prof it groups. Besides, he gave each of his three children billions of dollars for
their charitable foundations — one for food 　　 and poverty, another for education,
and the other for female programs. But giving away money is only the beginning.
What is done with that money and how it is done are 　　 to successful charities.
Surprisingly, Buffett says, “There’s a lot of 　　 with charitable giving.”
　　The main problem is that many well-meaning people involved in charities don’t
have good business skills. That leads to 　　 organizations that waste donations.
Inexperienced foundations also fall into the 　　 of giving away money to whoever
asks f irst or the most. What they should do is 　　 a thorough evaluation of
applicants to see who is worthy of assistance. Another problem is that new charities
are often understaffed, so they are unable to 　　 where the money goes.
　　According to Buffett’s observation, the end result is that at least half the money that
goes to charities is wasted, lost, or poorly used. That’s why more charities should follow

主題 2 　人生哲理 21
in the 　　 of the Bill and Linda Gates Foundation. The foundation was created
decades ago to 　　 on global health with a staff of more than 1000 professionals
simply to evaluate stated causes and applicants. They want to be sure that they provide
the most effective and powerful means of charitable work around the world.

三、篇章結構
　　Born in 1961, Princess Diana Spencer was one of the most adored members of the
British royal family. She became Lady Diana Spencer after her father inherited the title
of Earl Spencer in 1975. When she married Prince Charles in 1981, the wedding was
broadcast on television around the world, with millions of people tuning in to see what
many considered to be the wedding of the century. 　　 The two became separated
over the years, and there were reports of affairs from both parties. During their union,
Diana struggled with depression.
　　　　 She served as a strong supporter of many charities and worked to help the
homeless, people living with HIV and AIDS and children in need. She also devoted
herself to such charitable efforts as the battle against the use of land mines. Diana used
her international celebrity to help raise awareness about this issue. 　　 Continuing
her charitable efforts is the Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fund. Established after
her death, the fund provides grants to numerous organizations and supports initiatives
to provide care to the sick in Africa, help refugees, and stop the use of land mines.
　　　　 In 1999, TIME magazine named her one of the 100 Most Important People
of the 20th Century. A few years after that in 2002, a poll conducted by the BBC put
her in third place on a list of the 100 Greatest Britons, a higher ranking than her former
mother-in-law, Queen Elizabeth II.
䕷 Diana’s remarkable legacy has been recognized several times.
虲 The worldwide attention Diana drew to the initiatives she became involved in helped
make a difference in the world.
蚒 Unfortunately, the fairy tale wedding of Princess Diana and Prince Charles did not
lead to a happily-ever-after marriage.
蚲 Despite the diff icult marriage, Diana threw herself into a variety of worthwhile
causes that further endeared her to the British public and the rest of the world.
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22 主題 2 　人生哲理
一、綜合測驗
　　This is a story about love and giving. A little boy wanted to practice playing the
violin, but he couldn’t afford one. One night, he could not help but break into a house
and found a violin to play. When he was found by the owner of the violin, he was
terrif ied and his eyes f illed with 　　. Luckily, the man didn’t call the police but
gave him the violin. That was because the boy reminded him of himself when he was
that age. He did the same 　　 thing as this young boy.
　　Several years later, the violinist read a newspaper article about a new violin player.
He looked at the photo on the paper and 　　 him. It was the teenage boy. In the
article, the boy said, “I owe my success to a person I don’t even know. If he 　　 me
my f irst violin, today I would not walk on the right path. I’m grateful for the joy he
brought into my life!” The violinist felt touched and 　　 tears at the magic power
of love and giving. Through his forgiveness, he changed the course of one life that was
headed the wrong way.
1  boredom  greed  worship  despair
2  foolish  liberal  regular  standard
3  suspected  recognized  outlined  approved
4  had not given  did not give  never gives  was not giving
5  happened to  squeezed out  burst into  put forth

　　Once upon a time, there was a girl who never wore a smile on her face. The
reason is just simple and obvious — she did not know how to express her feelings or
how to show her joy or sorrow. 　　, she had fewer and fewer friends as she grew
up. It goes without saying that she often felt lonely and depressed as there was no one
to talk to. Feeling blue and down, she went to 　　 a wise man, hoping that he could
solve the problem for her.
　　The wise man asked her to put on a smiling mask, and told her 　　 take it off
until one year later. As she wore the mask, she looked amiable and friendly. 　　,
she had more and more friends.
　　One year later, she came to see the wise man again, and thanked him for the

主題 2 　人生哲理 23
change. Yet she was worried that her friends might 　　 her when she took the mask
off. However, to her surprise, her friends didn’t leave her because she had learned how
to smile then even without the help of the mask.
6  To sum up  In addition  As a result  For example
7  revenge　  consult  forecast  identify
8  without  never  did not　  not to
9  By no means  Now and then  From A to Z  Little by little
10  turn a cold shoulder on　  take advantage of　
 do a favor for　  put up with

二、文意選填

 speculated  option  doomed  instance  privilege

 blessed  opportunities  strained  worlds  insight

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　　Most people’s childhood is f illed with happy memories, carefree lives, and a
variety of dreams. I still recall my best playmate, with whom I 　　 about what
we would like to be in the future. Yearning to become “somebody” was so common
that we used to reckon every child should lead a life as we did. Little did we know
dreaming big was a 　　 for kids in some areas.
　　Take children in Bolivia for 　　. They work hard in coal mines so that they can
pay their way through school. For kids in Tibet, their goals are 　　 apart from those
of children in the rest of the world. They spend a lot of time meditating, hoping to get
a deep 　　 into the meaning of life.
　　Still in another country, India, owing to the caste system, many children have no
　　 but to do the same jobs as their fathers. The classif ication of people has 　　
generations of people for inequality and mistreatment. Life is so mean for those born
into a family in the low class that their children will probably never get the 　　 to
receive education, let alone dreaming big.
　　Learning about the life stories of these kids, I feel I am so 　　 and fortunate

24 主題 2 　人生哲理
to have been brought up in Taiwan. Compared with them, I have had so much! Their
struggle for a better life in narrow and 　　 conditions makes a good spur for me to
stick to my dreams. It has dawned on me that it doesn’t matter whether my dream is
big or small as long as I don’t set a limit on myself !

三、篇章結構
　　I know science’s limitations, but with my worship of science I always let the
scientists do the groundwork, having complete conf idence in them. 　　 Then, after
getting some of the scientist’s knowledge, I know that human beings are greater than
the analytical scientist, in that the latter cannot tell us everything. 　　
　　It is instead intuitive thinking that alone can help us attain the truth and wisdom
of living. Truly intuitive thinking is always the type of thinking mixed in part with
idealism and in part with delightful nonsense. 　　 One must try to do one’s best
and at the same time, one must, when rewarded by partial success or confronted with
partial failure, say to oneself, “I have done my best.” This is about all the philosophy
of living that one needs.
　　After science has done its groundwork, religion, art, literature, and philosophy
must take their rightful place in human life. 　　 But science can never replace art,
religion, literature and philosophy. Next to knowledge, we must retain, and never lose,
a taste for life, a respect for life, a sense of wonder at life, and a proper and reasonable
attitude toward life. The taste for life must be simple, the respect for life must be truly
profound, the sense of wonder must be fully alive, and the attitude of life must be
harmonious and reasonable.
䕷 He cannot tell us about the most important things, what makes for happiness.
虲 I let them discover the physical universe for me — the physical universe that I desire
so much to know.
蚒 These things do not seem to tie together with science in the modern world; the specialist
has taken over the human being.
 Great wisdom consists in not demanding too much of human nature, and yet not
altogether spoiling it by indulgence.
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