MIDTERM EXAMINATIONS OCTOBER 2022

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COURSE CODE AND NAME: OSH 100 – FUNDAMENTALS OF

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

DATE AND TIME: WEDNESDAY 17TH OCTOBER 2022 5:30PM – 9:00PM

DURATION OF EXAMINATION: THREE AND A HALF HOURS (3.5) HOURS

1. Define the five terms:

A. Risk
B. Hazard
C. Near-miss
D. Ergonomics
E. Accident (10mks)

A. Risk is the likelihood of an accident happening.

B. Hazard is the potential of an accident happening.
C. Near miss is basically the event of an incident happening that could
have resulted in an accident.
D. Ergonomics deals with an individual/worker needs to be viably
comfortable in and around the workplace. Its the science of building a
puzzle of formatting the workplace to accommodate workers needs.

E. Accidents can affect person, property or environment, it’s an unplanned

event that affects the above mentioned scope.
 2. Explain the Domino Theory for accident causation. (10mks)

The domino theory is solely related or based on the chronological (like within a discipline
entity’s post diary), order of accidents. It's also viable for further reference with record
keeping). The trend of the Domino theory most times follow these stages:
1. Ancestry and Social Environment.
2. Fault of the person.
3. Contemporary and Unsafe acts always resulting in Accidents.
4. Accidents
5. Also a combination of losses, injury and damages.
 3. Outline the Hierarchy of Controls for reducing risks in Health and Safety. (10mks)
.

According to ANSi Z10-2005 OSH Systems encourages employers the (5) hazards
control stratagies from most effective to least effective as follows:
1. Elimination ( Physically remove the hazard)
2. Substitution ( Replace the hazard).
3. Engineering Controls ( Isolate personnel from the hazard).
4. Administrative Controls ( Changing the way people work ensuring safety).
5. Personal Protective Equipment (Protecting the worker with the relevant safety
gears)
4. There are three (3) reasons for regulating Health and Safety namely; the Moral/Ethical,
the Legal and the Financial reasons. Choose one of the reasons and fully explain it’s
relevance to the field of Health and Safety. (10mks)

Financial Reason for regulating Health and Safety in relation to accidents and impacts on
organizations has Direct and InDirect Cost attached, which if not handled accordingly
can interrupt service flow or fix/enhance service in an organization.
Direct cost solely refers to an aggrieved/hurt employee, which activates workers
compensation/sick medical or long term medical coverage which most time are covered
by the company’s insurance.
Within the same spectrum, “what about the Indirect Cost” which most time shows itself
as an Unforeseeable, Uncovered (insurance), Legal liability, These Indirect Cost
generally leads to reputation loss or company’s closure. Indirect Cost affects
employees, customers, Insurance Companies, ShareHolders, Banks, ETC.