BS EN 474-6:2022

Earth-moving machinery- Safety

- Part 6: Requirements for dumpers

bsi.
 BS EN 474-6:2022

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 474-6

NORME EUROPEENNE

EUROPAISCHE NORM March 2022

ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 4 74-6:2006+A1:2009

English Version

Earth-moving machinery- Safety- Part 6: Requirements

for dumpers
Engins de terrassement - Securite - Partie 6 : Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit- Teil 6: Anforderungen
Prescriptions applicables aux tombereaux fiir Muldenfahrzeuge

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FORSTA NDARDIZATION

C OMITE EUROPEE N D E NORMALISA T I O N
EUROPAISCHES KOMI T E E FUR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de Ia Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 474-6:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
BS EN 474-6:2022
EN 474-6:2022 (E)

Contents Page

European foreword ................................................................................................................................................ 3

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................. 5
1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................................. 6
2 Normative references .............................................................................................................................. 6
3 Terms and definitions.............................................................................................................................. 7
4 Safety requirements andfor protective/risk reduction measures 8
.............................................

4.1 General . . .. .
.......... . .... . .
.............................................. 8
.....................................................................................

4.2 Operator's station 8

.....................................................................................................................................

4.3 Seat 9
................................................................................................................................................................

4.4 Operator's controls and indicators 9

......................................................................................................

4.5 Steering system....................................................................................................................................... 10

4.6 Brake systems for travelling ............................................................................................................... 10
4.7 Visibility .................................................................................................................................................... 10
4.8 Stability ..................................................................................................................................................... 11
4.9 Travel speed for dumpers with a standing operator position .................................................. 11
4.10 Dump body ............................................................................................................................................... 11
5 Verification of the safety requirements andfor protective/risk reduction measures ....... 12
6 Information for use................................................................................................................................ 13
6.1 General ...................................................................................................................................................... 13
6.2 Machine safety labels ............................................................................................................................ 13
6.3 Operator's manual ................................................................................................................................. 14
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards ..................................................................................... 15
Annex B (informative) Illustrations .............................................................................................................. 19
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending
Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered ............................................... 21
Bibliography.......................................................................................................................................................... 26

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EN 474-6:2022 (E)

European foreword

This document (EN 474-6:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151"Construction
equipment and building material machines - Safety", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2024.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document supersedes EN 474-6:2006+A1:2009.

This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.

For bibliographic references, see EN 474-1:2022.

EN 474 "Earth-moving machinery- Safety" comprises the following parts:

Part 1: General requirements

Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers

Part 3: Requirements for loaders

Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders

Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators

Part 6: Requirements for dumpers

Part 7: Requirements for scrapers

Part 8: Requirements for graders

Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers

Part 10: Requirements for trenchers

Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors

Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators

Part 13: Requirements for rollers

This document is intended for use in combination with part 1 of the series.

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EN 474-6:2022 (E)

The main differences between this document and EN 474-6:2006+A1:2009 are as follows:

a) self-loading equipment (excluded);

b) safety-related functions of control systems (excluded);

c) the normative references (updated);

d) FOPS requirement (4.2.3) (modified);

e) operator's seat input spectral class shall be EM7 for wheeled dumpers over 6 000 kg, rather than
over 4 500 kg (4.3.2) (modified);

f) a restraint system, in addition to a seat belt, is required on dumpers with a front-mounted dump
body over 3 500kg operating mass which do not have a cab (4.3.3) (added);

g) machines with hydrostatic drives are exempted from the requirement for a retarder (4.6.2)
(modified);

h) all the wheels of a front mounted body dumper must remain in contact with the ground during the
braking test (4.6.3) (modified);

i) the assessment of visibility for dumpers where the load can affect visibility shall be done with the
dump body loaded (4.7) (added);

j) inclinometers shall be fitted to machines with front mounted dump body (4.4.2) (added);

k) exemptions from dump body down requirements (4.10.3) (modified);

l) verification methods (Clause 5) (added);

m) list of significant hazards (Annex A) (updated);

n) Annex ZA (updated).

Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users' national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.

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EN 474-6:2022 (E)

Introduction

This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.

This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);

health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).

Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);

machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);

service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);

consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).

The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.

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EN 474-6:2022 (E)

1 Scope
This document together with EN 474-1:2022 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and
events relevant to dumpers when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are
reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A) associated with the whole lifetime of the
machine as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in
EN 474-1:2022. This document does not repeat the requirements of EN 474-1:2022 but supplements or
modifies the requirements for dumpers.
This document does not provide requirements for main electrical circuits and drives of machinery when
the primary source of energy is an external electrical supply.
This document does not provide performance requirements for safety related functions of control
system(s).
Pedestrian controlled dumpers are excluded from scope of this document.
This document does not deal with the hazards associated with self-loading equipment.
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
Transmission of power between self-propelled machinery (or tractor) and recipient machinery;
Laser;
Lightning.
This document is not applicable to dumpers which are manufactured before the date of publication of
this document by CEN.

2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 474-1: 2022, Earth-moving machinery- Safety- Part 1: General requirements

EN ISO 3449:2008, Earth-moving machinery- Falling-object protective structures- Laboratory tests

and performance requirements (ISO 3449:2005)

EN ISO 3450:2011, Earth-moving machinery- Wheeled or high-speed rubber-tracked machines­

Performance requirements and test procedures for brake systems (ISO 3450:2011}

EN ISO 3471:2008, Earth-moving machinery- Roll-over protective structures- Laboratory tests and
performance requirements (ISO 3471:2008}

EN ISO 7096:2020, Earth-moving machinery- Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration

(ISO 7096:2020)

EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery- General principles for design- Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)

ISO 6483:1980, Earth-moving machinery- Dumper bodies- Volumetric rating

ISO 6483: 1980/Cor 1:1994, Earth-moving machinery- Dumper bodies- Volumetric rating

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EN 474-6:2022 (E)

ISO 5006:2017, Earth-moving machinery- Operator's field of view- Test method and performance
criteria

ISO 10268:1993, Earth-moving machinery- Retarders for dumpers and tractor-scrapers- Performance
tests

ISO 13333:1994, Earth-moving machinery- Dumper body support and operator's cab tilt support
devices

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 474-1:2022, EN ISO 12100:2010
and the following apply.
N OTE Terminology for dumpers is specified in ISO 7132:2003 and is illustrated in Annex 8 of this document.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/

ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp

3.1
dumper
self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine, with an open dump body, which transports and dumps or
spreads material

[SOURCE: EN ISO 6165:2012, modified]

N ote 1 to entry: See Figures 8.1, 8.2 and 8.3.

3.2
rigid frame dumper
dumper with a rigid frame and wheel or crawler steering

[SOURCE: EN ISO 6165:2012, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See Figures 8.1 and 8.3.

3.3
articulated frame dumper
dumper with an articulated frame for steering

[SOURCE: EN ISO 6165:2012, modified]

N ote 1 to entry: See Figure 8.2.

3.4
swing dumper
dumper having a 360° swing upper structure

[SOURCE: EN ISO 6165:2012, modified]

Note 1 to entry: The upper structure comprises a rigid frame, open body and operator's station; the under­
carriage consists of a track type or wheeled unit.

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EN 474-6:2022 (E)

3.5
compact dumper
dumper having an operating mass of 4 500 kg or less

[SOURCE: EN ISO 6165:2012, modified]

N ote 1 to entry: See Figures 8.4 and B.S.

3.6
front mounted dump body
dump body located in front of the operator's station in the travelling position as defined by the
manufacturer

N ote 1 to entry: The dump body can be fixed front discharge, fixed side discharge, slewed, elevated.

3.7
rear mounted dump body
dump body located behind the operator's station in the travelling position as defined by the manufacturer

N ote 1 to entry: The dump body can be fixed rear discharge, fixed side discharge, slewed, elevated.

3.8
retarder
energy absorption device normally used to control machine speed while descending grades

[SOURCE: ISO 10268:1993, 3.1]

4 Safety requirements andjor protective/risk reduction measures

4.1 General

4.1.1 Context

Dumpers shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures of this
clause. In addition, the machines shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100:2010 for
relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
4.1.2 Specific relation to EN 474-1

Dumpers shall comply with the requirements of EN 474-1:2022, as far as not modified or replaced by the
requirements of this part.
There are general requirements specified in EN 474-1:2022 that are not applicable because the risk
assessment has shown that for dumpers the corresponding hazard does not exist. Therefore, for dumpers
4.12, 4.21, Annex B and Annex C in EN 474-1:2022, are not applicable.
4.2 Operator's station

4.2.1 General requirements

EN 474-1: 2022, 4.3 shall apply with the modifications stated in 4.2.2, 4.2.3 and 4.2.4.
4.2.2 Roll over protective structures (ROPS)

Dumpers with rotation about the longitudinal axis between the tractor portion and the dump body
portion shall be considered as articulated dumpers in accordance with EN ISO 34 71:2008, Table 1,
section 4.

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EN 474-6:2022 (E)

4.2.3 Falling object protective structure (FOPS)

4.2.3.1 FOPS for compact dumpers

For compact dumpers without an operator cab, FOPS is not required.

4.2.3.2 FOPS level

Dumpers over 6 000 kg shall be fitted with FOPS meeting level II in accordance with EN ISO 3449:2008.
Dumpers up to 6 000 kg with an operator cab shall be fitted with FOPS meeting level I in accordance with
EN ISO 3449:2008.
4.2.4 Operator's station for dumpers with a standing operator's position

In dumpers with a standing operator, in the driving position, the operator shall be contained within the
overall plan dimensions of the machine.
Machine travel shall be prevented when either the operator is not on the platform or when the platform
is in the vertical position. The platform shall have a surface area of at least 1 400 cm2 and shall be capable
of containing a circle with a minimum diameter of 360 mm. The platform shall have a non-slip surface
and a maximum height from ground level of 250 mm.
The platform shall protect the operator against crushing in the event of a rearward collision. The platform
shall be designed to withstand a compressive force equal to 2,5 times the gross machinery weight, applied
to its edge when travelling in the rearward direction. The platform shall not sustain any permanent
deformation or change in position.
4.3 Seat

4.3.1 General

EN 474-1: 2022, 4.4 shall apply with the modifications stated in 4.3.2 and 4.3.3.
4.3.2 Vibration

The seat shall meet the requirements of the following input spectral class according to EN ISO 7096:2020
(modified):
class EM1 for wheeled dumpers over 6 OOOkg;

class EM7 for wheeled dumpers up to 6 OOOkg;

class EM6 for crawler dumpers.

4.3.3 Restraint system

EN 474-1: 2022, 4.4.1.5 shall apply with the following addition:

Dumpers with a front-mounted dump body with an operating mass over 3 500 kg and under 4 500 kg
shall be provided with an additional means (e.g. a cab) to prevent the operator from being ejected from
the overall dimensions of the machine in the event of a machine tip-over or roll-over.
4.4 Operator's controls and indicators

4.4.1 General

EN 474-1: 2022, 4.5 shall apply with the additions stated in 4.4.2 and 4.4.3.

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EN 474-6:2022 (E)

4.4.2 Controls for dumpers with a front mounted dump body

Dumpers with a front mounted dump body shall be fitted with an inclinometer measuring lateral and
longitudinal gradients. The inclinometer shall indicate the limit at which the manufacturer recommends
discharging the load.
4.4.3 Controls for dumpers with a standing operator position

Machine movements shall be controlled with hold-to-run controls.

A device (e.g. handhold) allowing the operator to hold and support themself during machine travel shall
be provided. If a ride-on platform is fitted the device shall not restrict or impede the operator's access to
and from the platform.
Travel and directional controls shall be designed to allow the operator to have one hand free to support
themself.
4.5 Steering system

4.5.1 General

EN 474-1:2022, 4.6.1 shall apply with the additions stated in 4.5.2 and 4.5.3.
4.5.2 Steering controls for machines with swivelling seats

For dumpers equipped with a swivelling seat (180°) the steering system shall be such that the movement
of the steering control corresponds to the intended direction in both seat positions.
4.5.3 Controls for swing dumpers

The movement of the control for the driving and the steering do not need to correspond to the intended
direction of movement if the upper structure is not in the normal driving direction.
4.6 Brake systems for travelling

4.6.1 General

EN 474-1: 2022, 4.7.1 and 4.7.2 shall apply with the additions stated in 4.6.2 and 4.6.3.
4.6.2 Retarder system

A system shall be installed to control the speed of the machine while descending grades. This may be
engaged either automatically or manually but shall not require continuous input from the operator.
Retarder system capability shall be verified in accordance with ISO 10268:1993.
This requirement does not apply to dumpers with hydrostatic drives.
4.6.3 Braking for dumpers with front-mounted dump bodies

All the tyres on dumpers with a front mounted dump body shall remain in contact with the ground
throughout the stopping distance during brake testing described in EN ISO 3450:2011, 6.5.
4.7 Visibility

EN 474-1: 2022, 4.8.1 shall apply with the following modification:

Where the load affects visibility of the rectangular boundary (RB) or the visibility test circle (VTC)
according to ISO 5006:2017 the operator's field of view shall be determined with the dump body loaded
to the maximum volumetric rating as specified in ISO 6483:1980 and ISO 6483:1980/Cor 1:1994, 4.4.

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EN 474-6:2022 (E)

4.8 Stability

4.8.1 General

EN 474-1:2022, 4.11 applies with the additions stated in 4.8.2.

4.8.2 Sticking load

Where the machine is intended for application where there is a risk of loss of stability due to the load
sticking in the dump body, for example due to freezing, then provision shall be made to assist the
discharge of the load, e.g. by exhaust heating of the dump body.
4.9 Travel speed for dumpers with a standing operator position

In dumpers with a standing operator position, the travel speed shall not exceed 4 km/h in the forward
direction and not exceed 2,5 km/h in reverse.
4.10 Dump body

4.10.1 Control device

The dump body actuation control shall be located such that the operator is not exposed to hazards during
all movements of the dump body.
4.10.2 Dump body lowering

In case of loss of energy, means (e.g. manual hydraulic valve) shall be provided to lower the dump body
to the transport position without requiring the use of special tools. Activation of such means shall not
expose its operator to crushing, shearing and entrapment hazards during dump body lowering.
4.10.3 Dump body down protective devices

Dumpers shall have the following provisions:

a device preventing travelling with a speed higher than 13 km/h when the dump body is not in the
travel position;

an audible or visible warning device functioning when the transmission is engaged and the dump
body is not in the travel position and is raised above the height of the cab or operator's protective
structure.

These requirements do not apply to the following:

compact dumpers;

dumpers with front-mounted dump bodies;

dumpers with rear-mounted dump bodies where the height of the fully raised dump body does not
exceed the height of the cab or operator protective structure.

4.10.4 Dump body support device

EN 474-1: 2022, 4.22.3 applies with the following addition:

A mechanical dump body support device shall be provided to support the dump body in the lifted position
during service, maintenance and other non-operational purposes. The device shall meet the
requirements in ISO 13333:1994.

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EN 474-6:2022 (E)

5 Verification of the safety requirements andjor protectivefrisk reduction

measures
Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures of Clauses 4 of this document shall be
verified according to Table 1.
Table 1 sets out verification methods which shall be applied for each safety requirement in this document.
Where X(s) is indicated in the table, the corresponding verification method(s) shall be applied.
Table 1 shall be read in conjunction with the corresponding clauses.
Table 1 includes the following verification methods:
a) calculation: to establish that the requirements of this document have been met;

b) visual verification: to establish that something is present (e.g. a guard, a marking, a document);

c) measurement: to show that the required numerical values have been met (e.g. geometric dimensions,
safety distances, resistance of insulation of the electric circuits, results of physical tests) ;

d) functional tests: to show that the adequate signals intended to be forwarded to the main control
system of the complete machine are available and comply with the requirements and with the
technical documentation;

e) special verification: by reference to a standard which is mentioned in the corresponding clause.

Table 1- Verification of safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures

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4.2.1 Operator's station, General requirements X
4.2.2 Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) X
4.2.3 Falling object protective structure (FOPS) X
4.2.4 Operator's station for dumpers with a X
standing operator position
4.3.1 Operator's seat, General X
4.3.2 Operator's seat, Vibration X
4.3.3 Operator's seat, Restraint system X
4.4.1 Operator's controls and indicators, General X

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 BS EN 474-6:2022
EN 474-6:2022 (E)

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4.4.2 Controls for dumpers with a front mounted X X

dump body

4.4.3 Controls for dumpers with a standing X

operator position

4.5.1 Steering system, General X

4.5.2 Steering controls for machines with swivelling X
seats

4.5.3 Controls for swing dumpers X

4.6.1 Brake systems for travelling, General X
4.6.2 Retarder system X
4.6.3 Braking for dumpers with front-mounted X
dump bodies
4.7 Visibility X
4.8.1 Stability, General X
4.8.2 Stability, Sticking load X
4.9 Travel speed for dumpers with a standing X
operator position

4.10.1 Dump body, Control device X

4.10.2 Dump body lowering X

4.10.3 Dump body down safety devices X
4.10.4 Dump body support device X

6 Information for use

6.1 General

Information for use shall be provided in accordance with EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.4.
6.2 Machine safety labels

EN 474-1: 2022, 6.2 shall apply.

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EN 474-6:2022 (E)

6.3 Operator's manual

EN 474-1:2022, 6.3 shall apply with the following addition:

instructions that an articulated dumper shall be placed in a straight position when unloading;

information shall be given that when tipping a load, the centre of gravity will change continuously
which may affect the stability of the machine;

information shall be given that there are special hazards affecting stability for wheel dumpers
working on soft ground and when the load is sticking to the body e.g. wet clay or freezing material;

instructions on the procedure to obtain the maximum braking performance (e.g. applying the
longitudinal differential lock) in downhill operation during icy or other slippery conditions;

instructions on the use of the speed control system during downhill operations (e.g. full use of a
retarder shall be made before applying service brakes, inclusion of a chart of performance according
to ISO 10268:1993, 9.2).

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EN 474-6:2022 (E)

AnnexA
(informative)

List of significant hazards

This annex contains in Table A.1 all the hazards, hazardous situations and events identified by risk
assessment as significant for dumpers and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
Table A.1- List of significant hazards

Hazard Relevant clauses of

this document

Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events

Mechanical hazards

Due to machine parts or workpieces, e.g. 4.1

by potential energy (falling objects, height from the ground, gravity)

by kinetic energy (acceleration, deceleration, moving/rotating elements) 4.1

mechanical strength 4.1

stored energy, e.g.: 4.1

elastic elements (springs)

Crushing hazard 4.1, 4.2, 4.3.3, 4.10

Shearing hazard 4.1, 4.10

Cutting or severing hazard 4.1

Entanglement 4.1, 4.10

Drawing-in or trapping hazard 4.1

Impact hazard 4.1

Stabbing or puncture hazard 4.1

Friction or abrasion hazard 4.1

Injection 4.1
Slipping, tripping and falling 4.1, 4.2.4, 4.4.3
Instability 4.1, 4.4.2, 4.8, 4.10.3

Electrical hazards
Touching live parts 4.1
Electromagnetic phenomena 4.1
Short-circuit 4.1
Overload 4.1

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Hazard Relevant clauses of

this document

Thermal hazards
Burns, scalds 4.1
Radiation of heat sources 4.1

Noise hazards
Permanent hearing loss, tinnitus 4.1
As a consequence of an interference with speech communication or with 4.1
acoustic signals
Physiological impairment (e.g. loss of balance, loss of awareness) 4.1

Vibration hazards

Vibrations transmitted to the operator when sitting during operation 4.1, 4.3.2
Portable hand-held and/or hand-guided machinery (e.g. vascular disorder, 4.1
neurological disorder)

In conjunction with a rigid position (e.g. trauma of the spine, osteo-articular 4.1
disorder, low-back morbidity)
Radiation hazards

Radio frequency electromagnetic radiation 4.1

Laser Not covered

Material/substance hazards

Hazards from contact with/or inhalation of harmful fluids, gases, mists, 4.1
fumes and dusts
Fire 4.1
Explosion 4.1

Ergonomic hazards

Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 4.1, 4.2.4, 4.4.3

Inadequate consideration of anatomy 4.1

Insufficient means for evacuation/emergency exit 4.1

Inadequate local lighting 4.1

Inadequate design or location of visual display units 4.1

Design, location or identification of control devices 4.1, 4.4.3, 4.5, 4.10

Flicker, dazzling, shadow, stroboscopic effect 4.1

Human error during operation 4.1, 4.4, 4.5, 4.10

Hazards associated with the environment in which the machine is used

Lightning Not covered

16
 BS EN 474-6:2022
EN 474-6:2022 (E)

Hazard Relevant clauses of

this document

Pollution 4.1

Snow, water, wind, temperature 4.1

Exhaust gas/ lack of oxygen at workplace 4.1

Dust and fog 4.1
Unexpected start up, unexpected overrunjoverspeed (or similar
malfunction)

Failure/disorder of the control system and control circuits 4.1

Restoration of energy supply after an interruption 4.1

Software error 4.1
Failure of the power supply 4.1, 4.10.2
Hazards due to:
-
assembly and installation
-
setting
-
cleaning
-
fault-finding
-
maintenance
Maintenance 4.1, 4.10.4

Insufficient means of access during use, setting and maintenance 4.1

Hazards due to portable machinery- hand-held andjor hand-guided

machinery

Instability 4.1
Accidental starting/or continued operation 4.1

Hazards relating to travelling function

Movement when starting the engine 4.1

Movement without a driver at the driving position 4.1, 4.2.4, 4.4.3

Movement without all parts in a safe position 4.1, 4.2.4, 4.10.3

Excessive speed of pedestrian controlled machinery 4.1

Insufficient ability of machinery to be slowed down, stopped and 4.1, 4.6, 4.9
immobilised
Hazards linked to work position (including driving station) on the
machine
Fall of persons during access to (or at/from) the drivejwork position(s) 4.1, 4.4.3

Fire (flammability of the cab, lack of extinguishing means) 4.1

17
BS EN 474-6:2022
EN 474-6:2022 (E)

Hazard Relevant clauses of

this document

Mechanical hazards at the work position: 4.1

contact with the wheels; rollover and overturning; fall of objects, penetration 4.1, 4.2
by objects; slipping during access; contact of persons with machine parts or
tools (pedestrian controlled machines)

Insufficient visibility from the drivejwork position(s) 4.1, 4.7

Inadequate seating 4.1, 4.3
Hazards due to the control system

Inadequate location of manual controls 4.1, 4.4, 4.10.1

Inadequate design of manual controls and their mode of operation 4.1, 4.4, 4.5
Hazards due to the power source and to the transmission of power
Engine and batteries 4.1

Transmission of power between machines Not covered

Couplings and towings 4.1

Fromjto third persons
Unauthorised start-up/use 4.1

Drift of a part away from its stopping position 4.1

Lack or inadequacy of visual or acoustic warning means 4.1

Insufficient instructions for the driver/operator (operation manual, 4.1, 4.10.3, 6

signs, warnings, and markings)

Supplementary, for machinery intended for underground work 4.1

Mechanical hazards and hazardous events due to: 4.1

Fire and explosion 4.1

Emission of dust, gases, etc. Not covered
Supplementary, for machinery presenting particular hazards due to the 4.1
lifting of persons
Mechanical hazards due to
inadequate mechanical strength, failing of loading control 4.1
inadequate working coefficients

Failing of controls in person carrier (function, priority) 4.1

Overspeed of person carrier 4.1
Falling of persons from person carrier 4.1

18
 BS EN 474-6:2022
EN 474-6:2022 (E)

AnnexB
(informative)

Illustrations

Figure B.1- Rigid frame dumper

Figure B.2- Articulated frame dumper

Figure B.3 - Crawler dumper

19
BS EN 474-6:2022
EN 474-6:2022 (E)

Figure 8.4 - Wheel compact dumper with front mounted dump body

Figure 8.5 - Crawler compact dumper

20
 BS EN 474-6:2022
EN 474-6:2022 (E)

AnnexZA
(informative)

Relationship between this European Standard and the essential

requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending
Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered

This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission's standardization request M/396 to
provide one voluntary means of conforming to essential requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC
(recast) [2006 L157].
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance
with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of
this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that
Directive, and associated EFTA regulations.
Table ZA.1- Correspondence between this European Standard and
Directive 2006/42/EC [2006 L157]

The relevant essential Clause(s) Isubclause(s) Remarks/Notes

Requirements of of this EN
Directive 2006/42/EC
1.1.2 (a) 4, 5, 6
1.1.2 (c) 4, 5, 6
1.1.2 (d) 4, 5, 6

1.1.2 (e) 4, 5, 6

1.1.3 Materials and products 4.2, 5

1.1.4 Lighting 4.2, 4.7, 5

1.1.5 Design of machinery to 4.1.2

facilitate its handling
1.1.6 Ergonomics 4.2.4, 4.3, 4.4.3, 4.7, 5
1.1.7 Operating positions 4.2, 5
1.1.8 Seating 4.3.2, 5
1.2.1 Safety and reliability of 4.4.3, 5 The document does not provide
control systems performance requirements for
the safety related parts of
control systems
1.2.2 Control devices 4.4.3, 4.5.2, 4.5.3, 5
1.2.3 Starting 4.4, 5
1.2.4.1 Normal stop 4.4, 5
1.2.6 Failure of the power 4.4, 4.10.2, 5
supply

21
BS EN 474-6:2022
EN 474-6:2022 (E)

The relevant essential Clause(s) fsubclause(s) Remarks/Notes

Requirements of of this EN
Directive 2006/42/EC
1.3.1 Risk of loss of stability 4.4.2, 4.8, 4.10.3, 5, 6.3
1.3.2 Risk of break-up during 4.2.4, 5, 6.3
operation
1.3.3 Risks due to falling or 4.2, 5
ejected objects
1.3.4 Risks due to surfaces, 4.2, 5
edges or angles
1.3.6 Risks related to 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6.2, 4.8.2, 5
variations in operating
conditions
1.3.7 Risks related to moving 4.2.4, 4.10.1, 4.10.2, 5
parts
1.3.8 Choice of protection 4.1.2
against risks arising from
moving parts
1.3.8.1 Moving transmission 4.1.2
parts
1.3.9 Risks of uncontrolled 4.4, 4.6.2, 4.6.3, 4.8, 5
movements
1.4.1 General requirements 4.1.2
1.4.2.1 Fixed guards 4.1.2
1.4.2.2 Interlocking movable 4.1.2
guards
1.4.3 Special requirements 4.1.2
for protective devices
1.5.1 Electricity supply 4.1.2
1.5.3 Energy supply other 4.2, 5
than electricity
1.5.4 Errors of fitting 4.1.2
1.5.5 Extreme temperatures 4.2, 5
1.5.6 Fire 4.1.2
1.5.7 Explosion 4.1.2
1.5.8 Noise 4.1.2
1.5.9 Vibrations 4.3.2, 5
1.5.11 External radiation 4.1.2
1.5.12 Laser radiation Not covered

22
 BS EN 474-6:2022
EN 474-6:2022 (E)

The relevant essential Clause(s) fsubclause(s) Remarks/Notes

Requirements of of this EN
Directive 2006/42/EC
1.5.13 Emissions of 4.2, 5
hazardous materials and
substances
1.5.14 Risk of being trapped 4.2, 5
in a machine
1.5.15 Risk of slipping, 4.2.4, 5
tripping or falling
1.5.16 Lightning Not covered
1.6.1 Machinery 4.10.4, 5
maintenance
1.6.2 Access to operating 4.1.2
positions and servicing
points
1.6.3 Isolation of energy 4.4, 5
sources
1.6.4 Operator intervention 4.10.4, 5
1.7.1 Information and 4.1.2
warnings on the machinery
1.7.1.1 Information and 4.4.2, 5, 6
information devices
1.7.2 Warning of residual 6
risks
1.7.3 Marking of machinery 6.2
1.7.4 Instructions 6.3
1.7.4.1 General principles for 4.1.2
the drafting of instructions
1.7.4.2 Contents of the 6
instructions
1.7.4.3 Sales literature Not covered
2.2.1 General 4.4, 4.6, 5
2.2.1.1 Instructions 6.3
3.2.1 Driving position 4.2, 4.7, 5
3.2.2 Seating 4.3.1, 4.3.3, 5
3.2.3 Positions for other 4.3, 5
persons
3.3 Control systems 4.4, 5
3.3.1 Control devices 4.4.1, 4.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.5.3, 5

23
BS EN 474-6:2022
EN 474-6:2022 (E)

The relevant essential Clause(s) fsubclause(s) Remarks/Notes

Requirements of of this EN
Directive 2006/42/EC
3.3.2 Starting/moving 4.2.4, 4.4, 4.10.3, 5
3.3.3 Travelling function 4.4, 4.6, 4.7, 4.9, 5
3.3.4 Movement of 4.4, 5
pedestrian-controlled
machinery
3.3.5 Control circuit failure 4.5, 5
3.4.1 Uncontrolled 4.4.2, 4.10.3, 4.8.1, 5
movements
3.4.2 Moving transmission 4.1.2
parts
3.4.3 Roll-over and tip-over 4.2.2, 4.3, 5
3.4.4 Falling objects 4.2.3, 4.3, 5
3.4.5 Means of access 4.1.2
3.4.6 Towing devices 4.1.2
3.4.7 Transmission of power Not covered
between self-propelled
machinery (or tractor) and
recipient machinery
3.5.1 Batteries 4.1.2
3.5.2 Fire 4.1.2
3.6.1 Signs, signals and 4.4, 4.7, 5
warnings
3.6.2 Marking 4.1.2
3.6.3.1 Vibrations 6.3
3.6.3.2 Multiple uses 6.3
4.1.2.1 Risks due to lack of 4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
stability machinery in the scope
4.1.2.3 Mechanical strength 4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
machinery in the scope
4.1.2.6 Control of 4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
movements machinery in the scope
4.1.2.7 Movements of loads 4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
during handling machinery in the scope
4.1.3 Fitness for purpose 4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
machinery in the scope
4.2.1 Control of movements 4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
machinery in the scope

24
 BS EN 474-6:2022
EN 474-6:2022 (E)

The relevant essential Clause(s) fsubclause(s) Remarks/Notes

Requirements of
Directive 2006/42/EC
4.2.2 Loading control
4.3.3 Lifting machinery
4.4.2 Lifting machinery
5.5 Fire
5.6 Exhaust emissions
6.1.1 Mechanical strength
6.2 Control devices
6.3.1 Risks due to
movements of the carrier
6.3.2 Risk of persons falling
from the carrier
6.3.3 Risk due to objects
falling on the carrier
6.5 Markings
of this EN
4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
machinery in the scope
4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
machinery in the scope
4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
machinery in the scope
4.1.2
Not covered
4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
machinery in the scope
4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
machinery in the scope
4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
machinery in the scope
4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
machinery in the scope
4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
machinery in the scope
4.1.2 Not applicable for this type of
machinery in the scope

WARNING 1 - Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European
Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this
standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European Union.

WARNING 2- Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of
this standard.

25
BS EN 474-6:2022
EN 474-6:2022 (E)

Bibliography

[1] ISO 7132:2003, Earth-moving machinery- Dumpers- Terminology and commercial

specifications

[2] ISO 7132:2003/Amd 1:2018, Earth-moving machinery- Dumpers- Terminology and

commercial specifications- Amendment 1

[3] EN ISO 6165:2012, Earth-moving machinery- Basic types - Identification and terms and
definitions (ISO 6165:2012)

26
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