(4)
Raised Floors ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻁﺔ
1. Introduction ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ
Modular floors which are constructed above the level of the structural floor
are known as raised floors. Originally developed in the sixties for large frame
computers they are now used for ‘electronic’ office space based on workstations
interconnected by data cables, as well as for the flexible layout of electric cables and
other services ducts, providing full access for maintenance and replacement.
ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ ﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﻴﻨﺎﺕ.ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺩﻳﻮﻟﻴﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻁﺔ ﻭﺗﺮﺗﻜﺰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ
ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻓﺘﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻷﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﺗﺐ "ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ" ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ،ﻷﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﻏﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ
ﺳﻮﻳﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﺪﻳﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء،ﻣﺤﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﻢ "ﻛﻮﺍﺑﻞ" ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ
. ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻹﻋﻄﺎء ﺣﺮﻳﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﺘﻤﺪﻳﺪﺍﺕ ﻹﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ،ﻭﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ
Figure (1) shows a typical layout and section of a raised floor and the load
classification: heavy and medium. Figure (2) shows a raised floor system based on a
grid of shallow ducts allowing reasonable accessibility at 1200 t0 1500 mm points.
ﻭﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺼﻨﻔﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ،( ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﻹﻧﺸﺎء ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ1) ﻳﺒﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ
( ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺃﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﻘﺪﺭ2) ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ.ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﻭﺛﻘﻴﻠﺔ
. ﻣﻠﻢ1500 ﺇﻟﻰ1200 ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻛﻞ
Fig.1: Layout and section + loading classification
ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﻭﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ
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Fig. 2: Raised floor system based on a grid of shallow ducts
ﺃﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺧﻠﻮﻱ
To reduce overall height of tall buildings, raised floor space may be used to
hide AC ducting (Fig. 3).
ﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﺾ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻟﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ ﻹﺧﻔﺎء ﻣﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ
ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻟﻸﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﺪﺍﺕ ﺗﺤﺘﻬﺎ Fig. 3: Raised floor and Ac ducting
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2. Types of raised floors ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ
Two types: Shallow and deep systems. ﺿﺌﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﻋﻤﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ:ﺻﻨﻔﻴﻦ
2.1 Shallow systems ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺿﺌﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ
This could be shallow ducts as figure (2), or comprise panels laid over timber battens,
or a metal decking fixed to the floor and provides a cavity below of about 100 mm.
Removable covers are provided, spaced apart and so accessibility is limited (Fig. 4A).
ﺃﻭ ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺧﺸﺒﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ،(2) ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ
. ﻣﻠﻢ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻔﻞ ﻻﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺑﻞ100 ﺃﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻟﺘﻌﻄﻲ ﺳﻄﺤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻭﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺗﺠﻮﻳﻔﺎﺕ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ
.(4A ﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﺃﻏﻄﻴﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﺒﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ )ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ
Figure (4B) shows atypical example comprising 65 mm deep galvanized steel fluted
tough decking fixed to the structural floor on sound insulating pads. The ducts are overlaid
with 600 mm wide by 2400 mm long by 22 mm thick flooring grade tongue and grooved
chipboard giving an overall depth of 87 mm.
ﻣﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ65 ( ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻠﻔﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ4B) ﻳﺒﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ
، ﻣﻠﻢ22 ﻭﺳﻤﻚ2400 ﻭﻁﻮﻝ600 ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻄﻴﺔ ﺑﺄﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺸﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻐﻮﻁ ﺑﻌﺮﺽ.ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﺪ ﻋﺎﺯﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻮﺕ
. ﻣﻠﻢ87 ﻣﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺰ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﻟﺘﻌﻄﻲ ﺃﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻛﻠﻲ
Fig. 4(A): Panels laid over timber battens Fig. 4(B): galvanized steel fluted decking with chipboard
Fig 4: Shallow systems ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺿﺌﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ
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2.2 Deep systems ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻋﻤﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ
Used for highly serviced areas, such as AC ducting or computer room cables. The void
may be totally accessible by removing all the panels, or have point access only. The
supports, termed pedestals, allow for adjustment of level and height. Figure (5) shows a
typical example comprising 600 mm modular panels of galvanized trays, in which is glued
30 mm thick high density particle board. The panels are supported by stringers, which in
turn are supported by pedestals, fixed to the structural floor.
ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ.ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻖ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺜﻔﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺗﻤﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻴﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ
(5) ﻳﺒﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ. ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻭﺗﺴﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺢ. ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻓﻘﻂ،ﺗﺎﻣﺎ ﺑﺈﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﺡ
ﻣﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ30 ﻣﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻠﻔﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﺰﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻮﺡ ﺑﺴﻤﻚ600 ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﻣﻮﺩﻳﻮﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﺱ
. ﺗﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺗﺮﺗﻜﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻋﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻁﺔ.ﺍﻟﺨﺸﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﺒﻴﺒﻲ
Fig (5): Deep systems ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻋﻤﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ
