BTAR2016 Design Studio III Year 2021/2022 Rar 02 Sem 01

Ms Haslina Salam
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 Case
study
Bubble
Diagrams
1.Program
2.Relationship
3.Solution
4.Design
Strategy
Zoning
Design
Concept
Developme Initial
layer and
nt zoning zoning
Conceptual
design design
Diagram

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A simple definition of concept suggests that concepts are ideas that Integrate various
elements into a whole, These elements can be ideas, notions, thoughts and
observations.
A concept , on the other hand, implies appropriateness: its supports the main intentions
and goals of a project and respects each project’s unique characteristics and
restrictions
5 Types of concepts
• Analogies
• Metaphors
• Essences
• Programmatic
concepts
• Ideals
What are the significant
conditions affecting the
design of the building?

What are the general

direction the design should
take?

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Analogies
Looking at other things
Metaphors
Looking at abstractions
Essences
Looking beyond the
programmatic needs
Programmatic concepts
Looking at the stated
requirements
Ideals
Looking at universal values
*Don’t forget its all about solution
finding
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1 Analogies 2 Metaphors
 An analogy is more like a  A metaphor is more like an
simile allegory Analogy Metaphor
A similarity between like features A metaphor is an implicit simile,
of two things, on which a while analogy is an explicit one.
comparison may be based. Put differently, a metaphor is
literally false, while an analogy is
Analogy is a cognitive process of literally true.
transferring information from a My cat is
My cat is a rock
particular subject (the analogue Metaphors need a bit more affectionate is
an analogy. You is a metaphor.
or source) to another particular imagination to interpret, while You can see
can literally see
subject (the target), and a analogies are readily apparent. cat show literally the cant
linguistic expressions behaviour isn’t a rock.
corresponding to such a process. deemed
affectionate.
A comparison based on such The comparison The comparison
similarity is straight isn’t a straight
forward between forward and asks
a) Superficial analogy: to take the cats us to imagine
the same shape without any behaviour and more what is
changes(direct) our idea of what means to for the
affectionate looks cat to be a a rock
b) Structural analogy: to make a like
structure of building from a
shape or something
c) Holistic analogy: combination
of both 9
Ron champ Chapel
The process of
transformation of intangible
or abstract aspects into
physical or visual image is
known as the process of
metaphoric process.
The architectural form of the
chapel begins the idea of a
ship, but viewer could
interpret it in may different
ways such as crab, a hat or a
bird

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The Sydney Opera House
The Sydney opera house, by
Jorn Utzon, 1957 is another
remarkable example, which
expresses extraordinary popular
metaphors.
The building is characterized by
its organic shape , and
abstracted unadorned surface.
In fact, this building
demonstrated how architecture
can add and integrate to the
environment as well as extending
its metaphorical architecture to
future generations.

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Bahia temple
Another impressive piece of
architecture is the Bahia
Temple at New Dehli, built by
fariborz Sahbathe in 1986.
The structure of the building
is made of reinforced
concrete shells, which
metaphorically could be
perceived as the petal flower.
Inspired by Lotus Flower

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Face House
Face house in Kyoto, Japan by
Kazumasa Yamashita.
The face was emphasized so
that we couldn’t see anything
else
A joke applied to the very
unjokey box-like form of the
whole
Yamashita’s tried to find a
solution by employing a simple
and economic box structure
(reinforced concrete). Adding
small but effective and functional
accessories to the facade

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3 Essences
 A statement of the essence
of something can also be the
result of discovering and
identifying the roots of an
issue.
Programming requires
abstracting (distilling) to the
essence to bring out only the
major aspects of information.
Architects are taught to bring
order out of chaos, to establish
an order of importance, to get to
the heart of the matter.
Abstracting (distilling) to the
essence must be an essential
talent of the programmer.
There must be filtering process
that brings out only the major
aspects of information.

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 “ Away from everyday routines, in
a dense city center, a secret
garden that combines
architecture and nature is born
Essence Skyscraper
Client Vision
Focus on the relationship
between the skyscraper and the
natural world, the skyscraper and
the community and the city
Architect Vision
For a skyscraper containing
swamps, mountain glacier and a
jungle

The main goal

Their aim was to bring natural
landscape into the everyday lives
of city dwellers, and create
opportunities for adventure.
The goal of project is to position non
architectural phenomena in an urban fabric,
they said. An inspiration rooted in nature
allowed to form a representation of external
worlds in the shape of a vertical structure

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Essence Skyscraper
The designers, collective
known as BOMP proposed a
towering structure containing
eleven different kinds of natural
landscape, from rivers and water
falls to desserts, grassland and
caves.

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4 Programmatic
 Not all concept capture the
essence of a project, nor do
they all symbolize (analogy,
metaphor) the function of all
the activities in a building
The difference between
programmatic concepts and
design concepts.
Programmatic concepts refer to
abstract ideas intended mainly
as functional solutions to
clients’ performance problems
without regards to the physical
response.
On the other hand, design
concepts refer to concrete ideas
intended as physical solutions to
clients’ architectural problems,
programmatic concepts relate
to performance problems
and design concepts relate to
architectural problems
Programmatic concepts answer
questions that LEAD to design
Its important to search for and
find the whole problem. To
accomplish this the problem
must be identified in term of FFET
Example
(Military Academy)
 Function
Since the emphasis must be placed on
pedestrian movement in the cadet zone
and in he family housing, the master plan
must provide for the separation of
pedestrian movement and vehicular
traffic
 Economy
Since the academy will be a military
showcase, the quality of design and
construction must be of a high level
 Form
Since the cadet zone must 5-min walking
distance, the master plan must respond
with appropriate density
Since the area is barren and austere, the
master plan should create green are for
psychological effect
 Time
Since the academy may grow even
beyond 2 phase, the master plan must
allow an open ended framework
expansion
5 Ideals
 In contrast to the previous
categories of concepts,
which suggest that the
architect look inside the
problem or at a similar
problem to discover
appropriate concepts, ideal
concepts are those that
architects bring to the
problem.
If architects bring the right
concept to the project, they are
praised for their genius.
If their choice is inappropriate, it
becomes a preconception and
their basic competence is
questioned.
Ideal concepts represent the
highest aspirations and goals of
the architect
Example (Soap
Bubble)
The structure of Vagueness
 Soap Bubble
Otto taking inspiration from nature
and the form finding processes
found there. Otto’s ways to use the
least amount of materials and
energy to enclose spaces.
Otto developed a method using
soap films to work out the shape
and form for tensile structure.
Extremely efficient and lightweight
Olympic Park of Munich 1968-
1972
Soap bubble experiment for the
form finding of minimal surface
Natural structures are optimized
having maximum strength for
minimum material
Soap film will spread naturally
between them to offer the smallest 18
achievable surface area
Example (Wool
and water
 Otto wools system contain
three steps:
1. Mapping all the targets of the
system on a board
2. Increasing the length of the
wool thread by 8%
3. Dipping the whole systems in
water merging the holes

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Example (Rubber and
Lacquer)
 Who is full professor and the
Ventulett Distinguished Chair
in Architectural Design at
Georgia Tech
Since the early 1990s Lars has
been researching the relationship
between architecture and media, The rubber and lacquer behave
and often more specifically the exactly like wool and water in a
relationship between architecture It is deliberately unclear what is similar arrangement. (Soft office
and computing floor(action), design processes 2000)
column(construction) and wall
‘All behaviour is material all (perception)
structure is material , ‘ by lars
How to reach an optimal
architecture from the scale of
material to structure and then the
whole building?
If we use other loose, weak and
flexible elements and materials in
Frei Ottos system, would theresult
be the same?
Lars merged the two Ottos
experiment 20
They are
against The internal layout is derived
minimalis from the technique for lacquer,
m,
“Swiss cheese” with
traditionali
sm and innumerable bubbles, joins the
materialis horizontal and vertical by means
m. They of its filaments stretching from
believe floor to ceiling
that
buildings While the technique for lacquer
should be determines the distribution of
things of the spaces ,
beauty.
The wet wool technique
determine the building’s roof

NOX is the most

digital architecture 21
studio in Europe
 Ms Haslina Salam

 0109508495

 nurhaslina@tarc.edu.my