Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, is regarded as one of the pioneers of modernist architecture This design philosophy is one

hy is one of an architect who believes that a certain

(Links to an external site.). Mies sought to establish his own particular architectural style purity, universality, and poetic yet simple functionality characterizes good
that could represent modern times (Links to an external site.) just as Classical (Links to an design. You could infer that his process is one that exudes a sort of artful
external site.) and Gothic (Links to an external site.) did for their own eras. . His mature minimalism.
buildings made use of modern materials such as industrial steel and plate glass (Links to an
DESIGN CONCEPT: “How did you choose to   approach this specific
external site.) to define interior spaces,. Mies strove toward an architecture with a minimal
project?”
framework of structural order balanced against the implied freedom of unobstructed free-
flowing open space. He called his buildings "skin and bones" architecture A design philosophy is more general and belief-oriented, while a design
concept is more context-specific and application-oriented. The two are closely
"Let us guide our students from material through function to creative works. We must related, because the design concept stems from the design philosophy.
understand the motives and forces of our time and analyze their structure from three points
of view: the materialthe function, and the spiritual" You could think of the two as parts of a tree – the philosophy as the roots and
the concept as the branches and leaves.
You don’t actually see the roots, but it is the foundation that brings about the
Mies explored the relationship between people, shelter, and nature. The glass pavilion is concepts – the more concrete manifestations that rise above the surface for
raised six feet above a floodplain next to the Fox River, surrounded by forest and rural us to perceive in its physical form.
prairies
From the concept, the spirit of what architect 1’s office building design will
prioritize. Moving forward, it’s likely that his major design considerations for
the project will be along the lines of the following:
DEFINITIONS
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS: “What are the things you   gave importance to
DESIGN PHILOSOPHY: “what  do you believe in?” while you were   designing?” How did you choose to   approach this specific
project?”
A design philosophy is more general and belief-oriented, while a design
concept is more context-specific and application-oriented. The two are closely
related, because the design concept stems from the design philosophy.
Design Philosophy : "Architecture must be pure soul, devoid from
needless baggage, and stripped down to its bare essentials".
This design philosophy is one of an architect who believes that a certain
purity, universality, and poetic yet simple functionality characterizes good
design. You could infer that his process is one that exudes a sort of artful
minimalism

Circulation and Workflow - the design must synthesize the varying interactions and activities
to create a spatial flow that is efficient and productive, simple yet sublime.
Man-made Environment - ingress, traffic, landscaping
Accessibility - the design must provide an equal experience for all people from all
walks of life. It should be sensitive to safety and operability regardless of age,
gender, and disability.
Human determinants - psychology, anthropometrics and ergonomics
Well-Being - the design must be an inspiring and therapeutic environment to ease
the stresses of workload
Building Technology - structural, electrical, sanitary,mechanical and special building
system
Aesthetics - form and composition
Local regulations - land use, codes, laws and ordinances.
Conclusion:
The reason why we go step-by-step from philosophy, concept, to
consideration is because we want our work of architecture to be cohesive. We
want it to have integrity, and so we follow this guiding chain.
1.Design Philosophy
2.Design Concept
3.Design Consideration
Architectural programming is the key to successful design. It is the
crucial process of gathering, organizing, and assessing a client's building-use
information. This process includes design concepts and program objectives ...
staff and employee projections ... current and future space requirements ...
adjacencies and relationships ... equipment and utility requirements ... project
cost 
Bubble Diagram The first step in the process of designing a residential
house, or any type of building, consists of starting with what we architects call
"bubble diagrams". Bubble diagrams are a useful tool in the beginning stages
of designing your own home because before you define the spaces( such as
walls on the floor plan, windows locations, doors etc..), you need to
understand the relationships between the spaces. A bubble diagram is a
freehand diagrammatic drawing for organization and space planning.
Convergence of the following:
a. Circulation (User flow) — How an inhabitant navigates from one space to another. 
b. Proximity (Sitemapping) — Creating associations between programs and establishing a
spatial relationship between two correlated functions.
c. Area Hierarchy (content and visual hierarchy) — Determining which programs will need
the most amount of space in relation to each
d. Determining physical site needs (Wireframing)— In the bubble diagram, many of its
functions indicate a shared need for daylight (windows!). This is where the planning starts to
go towards more defined ideation and execution details are explored. other. 
Matrix Diagram In interior design an adjacency matrix is a table that
shows what spaces should and should not be near to each other on plan.
 Stair Design Considerations
Newel- A central post from which the winders of a spiral stair radiate.
 SIZE
Landing- A platform between flights of stairs or the floor at the foot or head of a flight of
o For residential structures with an occupant load of 10 or less,
stair.
the minimum width of the stairs is 0.75m.
Railing- A barrier composed of one or more horizontal rails supported by spaced uprights or o The minimum run of a tread is 0.20m, while the maximum height of the
balusters. riser is 0.20m, as well.
o The minimum run for a landing should be equal to the width of the
Balustrade- A railing with supporting balusters stairs.
Balusters- Any number of closely spaced supports for a railing. Also Banister            Sample computation:
 Total rise from ground floor to second floor = 2.85m
Safety Nosing- A nosing having an abrasive, nonslip surface flush with the tread surface.
 Headroom = 2.10m (minimum)
The riser is the vertical surface of the stair. The tread on the other hand is the horizontal  17Numbers for Riser
surface of the stair and the part of the stair you step on.  Run = .25
 Compute for RISER
Staircase stringer is a structural member installed on either side or in the center of a flight  Riser = 2.85 divided by 17
of stairs into which the treads and risers are fixed. The primary function of the stringer is to  Riser = .167m
provide a framework or support to the tread

https://tip.instructure.com/courses/29014/files/11555932/preview
 CULTURE RELATED Stair extending from one level to another without turns or winders.

 GOLD- ORO-GOOD Winder

 SILVER- PLATA- GOOD
 DEATH- MATA- BAD
 Among the Tagalogs, stair steps are erected with a ritual that calls for
alternate counting to three, using the chant “Oro, plata, mata” (Gold,
silver, death) for each count. Of course, the counting commences with
the lowest rung. The topmost step should never end with “mata,”
that being a symbol of bad luck. On the other hand, “oro,” and
“plata” represent good luck.
A more or less wedge shaped stair step for changing direction
Kite Winder
The central three stair winders making a 90deg turn
Half turn stair
A half return stair consisting of two straight flights immediately side by side
and connected by an intervening landing
Quarter Turn stair/ L stair
Stair making right angled turn, consisting of two straight flights connected by
an intervening landing or a series of winders.   
A ladder is a vertical or inclined set of rungs or steps. There are two types: rigid
ladders that are self-supporting or that may be leaned against a vertical surface such
as a wall, and rollable ladders, such as those made of rope or aluminium, that may
be hung from the top. 

Elliptical Stair
A winding stair having elliptically shaped well
Geometric stair
A winding stair constructed around a circular or elliptical well without the use
of newels and often no landings between floors     

Straight Run Stair


Hip- inclined projecting angle formed by the junction of two adjacent sides of a roof.
Valley- An intersection of two inclined roof surfaces toward which rainwater flows.
Dormer- A projecting structure built out from a sloping roof, usually housing a vertical window or ventilating
Eaves- the overhanging lower edge of a roof. Also eave.
Rake- The inclined, usually projecting edge of a sloping roof.
Flashing- a wide strip of sheet metal or roofing felt for lining valley of a roof.
  Roofing Materials
The most common roofing materials available
include asphalt, wood, metal, clay, cement and slate, glass and plastic.
Hip or Hipped Roof
Hip roofs are not much different than pyramid roofs. Rather than
creating a point at the top, each side connects at a flat section or ridge.
From an architect’s point of view, the hip roof is much more pragmatic
than the pyramid roof. This is the most common style of roof and tends
to perform better in high wind areas.
Gambrel Roof
Gambrel roofs aren’t too much different from mansard roofs. The main
differences are that the Gambrel style roofs feature upright gable ends
and have Dutch roots as compared to the mansard’s French roots.
Dutch Hip Roof
A Dutch hip roof, sometimes called a Dutch gable roof, is a
combination of hip and gable roof styles in which a gable is located at
the end of the ridge , at the top of a hip roof plan
Mansard Roof
Mansard louver.
roofs are constructed with four slopes. Each side of the home
features two slopes. The lowest slope is steeper than the upper one. In
some instances, the upper slope cannot be seen from ground level.
The roof’s unique French aesthetic permits extra living/storage space
at the top portion of the house.
Flat Roof
Flat roofs are fairly easy to construct compared to other, more nuanced
types of roofs. Flat roofs are favored for their simplicity and
accessibility. A flat roof can withstand your weight if you decide to walk
on it. The only downside to this style of roof is that dirt, dust, leaves,
and other debris can collect on its surface more easily than other roof
varieties.
Shed Roof
A shed roof is a single sloping roof, commonly set at a steep pitch.
Also called a skillion roof or a pent roof, it eliminates corners and low
points on the walls, creating abundant usable space inside.
Commercial Sizes and Minimum Design Standards
Standard lengths for corrugated roofing are 8ft. (2.40meter) 10ft.
(3.00meter) and 12 ft. (3.60cm). The width varies greatly, depending
on the style of roofing.
 Although 5″(12.7cm) is considered the standard size for residential
seamless gutters, many homeowners are upgrading to 6″(15.2cm) over
sized gutters. Though a 6″(15.2cm) gutter is only an inch bigger it does
handle 40% more water. The over sized downspout installed with these
gutters can also handle more debris passing through them
The most commonly used roof pitches fall in a range between 4/12 (18
degree) and 9/12 (36 degree)
Fenestration refers to the openings in a building's facade, most notably the
doors and windows. Basically, they are anything that allows for passage from
outside to inside. Turns out, holes in the structure can actually be pretty
useful. 
A door is a hinged or otherwise movable barrier that allows ingress into and
egress from an enclosure. The opening in the wall is a doorway or portal. A
door's essential and primary purpose is to provide security by controlling
access to the doorway (portal).  glass, acrylic, or wooden louvres set in a frame. The louvres are joined onto a
A window is an opening in a wall, roof or vehicle that allows the passage of
light and may also allow the passage of sound and sometimes air.  Awning windows open outward to let in air from the left or right and the
The swinging door is a simplified and easy technique. It is mainly a
swinging hurdle that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle.
Swinging on a double hinge. it opens in either direction as automated.
Sometimes it can swing open in both directions.
Sliding door opens crosswise by sliding which is parallel to the wall.It has
a horizontal mechanism.  provided with a window with a total free area equal to at least 10% of the floor
Newer revolving doors are the visual focus of an entrance. A revolving
door consists of three or four stiff upright sections hanging on a mid shaft and
rotates around a vertical axis. It allows a large number of people to pass in
and out only by a gentle push
Folding door also known as "Bi-fold Door". A folding door can be as good
as the utility door. It provides fascinating design options such as freely
moving, cabinet-hugging or guided systems. Nearly all time, the position of a
folding door is exterior
Casement windows is a hinged windows operate by a turn of a crank in
an operating mechanism. They can be hinged on the left or the right to open
outward. Photo courtesy of Marvin Windows
Double hung window has two sashes that slide vertically up and down in
the frame. They can open wide from either the top or the bottom, but they
remain inside the frame so they don't protrude out to the exterior or interior of
the house
A jalousie window or louvre window is a window composed of parallel
track so that they may be tilted open and shut in unison to control airflow.
bottom. They can be installed above, below or alongside a stationary or
operating window.
Gliding along a track, sliding windows have at least one operating
window that slides horizontally over or past the other window.
Window Openings
Rooms intended for any use not provided with artificial ventilation shall be
area of the room but not less than 1.00 sq.m. Toilet and bath rooms and
laundry rooms shall be provided with window with an area not less than 1/20
of the floor area but not less than 240 sq.mm. Such windows shall open
directly to a court, yard, public street or alley or open watercourse.

Recommended size for Doors for Residential

Height
210cm or 240cm

Width
90cm and above for Entrance
80cm to 90cm Bedrooms
70cm to 80cm Toilet and Bath Kitchen
Fenestration refers to the openings in a building's facade, most notably the
doors and windows. Basically, they are anything that allows for passage from
outside to inside. Turns out, holes in the structure can actually be pretty
useful. 
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