5.

The signal is defined in different segments:

1. (x (t )=t )if (0< t<1 )

2. ( x(t )=t−2 )if (1< t <2 )
3. (x (t )=1 ) at (t=1 )
4. (x (t)=−1 )at ( t=1 )

**Properties of the Signal:**

1. **Even**: The signal is not even, because \(x(t)\) is not symmetric about the y-axis. For an even
signal, ( x (t)=x (−t ) ), which is not the case here.

2. **Linearity**: The signal is not linear because it consists of different segments with different
functional forms ¿ and (t−2 )¿ and includes discrete values at (t=1 ).

3. **Aperiodic**: The signal is aperiodic because it does not repeat in a periodic manner.

4. **Time Shifting**: The signal does not exhibit time shifting in the traditional sense, as it is defined in
different segments without direct time shifting operations.

**Main Properties:**

- **Amplitude**: The amplitude varies based on the segment. It is 1 in segments 3 and 4 and varies
linearly in segments 1 and 2.

- **Peak Time**: The peak occurs in segment 2 when (t=1 ) (peak time is at the end of segment 1).
The value of the peak is -1.

- **Width**: The width of the signal depends on the segments. In segment 1, the width is from 0 to 1,
and in segment 2, the width is from 1 to 2.
- **Symmetry and Shape**: The signal is not symmetric. It starts with a linear increase in amplitude in
segment 1, followed by a linear decrease in amplitude in segment 2. There is a jump at (t=1 ) to reach
( x=1 ) , and another jump to reach ( x=−1 ).

- **Decay**: There is no exponential decay present in this signal.

- **Duration**: The duration of the signal is from (t=0 )¿ (t=2 ).

- **Envelope**: The envelope of the signal is a piecewise linear function that increases from 0 to 1 in
segment 1, then decreases linearly from 1 to -1 in segment 2.

In summary, the given signal is not even or linear, it is aperiodic, and it consists of piecewise linear
segments with jumps at specific points. Its main properties include varying amplitude, a peak at (t=1 ),
piecewise linear shape, no exponential decay, and a duration from 0 to 2.

6.
1-

dy (t ) 2
Let's analyze the properties of the given system + y (t)=x (t) to determine if they can be
dt
implemented in a medical device.

1. **Memoryless**: A system is memoryless if its output at any given time depends only on the input at
that same time, and not on past or future inputs. In this case, the system is not memoryless because the
term y 2 (t) involves the history of the output \(y(t)\), not just the current input.

2. **Time Invariant**: A system is time invariant if its behavior remains constant over time.
Mathematically, if an input x (t) produces an output \(y(t)\), then a time-shifted input ( x (t −τ ) ) should
produce a time-shifted output ( y (t−τ) ).In this case, the system is time-invariant because the equations
governing the system do not explicitly depend on time.

3. **Linear**: A system is linear if it satisfies both the superposition principle and homogeneity. The
superposition principle states that the response to a sum of inputs is the sum of the individual responses to
those inputs. Homogeneity states that scaling the input will scale the output by the same factor. The given
system is nonlinear because of the ( y 2 (t) ) term in the equation, violating the superposition principle.

4. **Causal**: A system is causal if its output depends only on present and past inputs, not on future
dy ( t )
inputs. In this case, the system is causal because the derivative and the term ( y 2 (t) ) only involve
dt
present and past values of ( y (t) ) and (x (t) ).

5. **Stable**: A system is stable if all bounded inputs result in bounded outputs. In this case, it's not
immediately clear whether the system is stable without knowing more about the behavior of the system.
The presence of the nonlinear term ( y 2 (t) ) suggests that the stability analysis might be more involved.

Based on the analysis:

- The system is not memoryless, as the output depends on past values of the output.
- The system is time-invariant, as its behavior doesn't explicitly change with time.
- The system is not linear due to the presence of the \(y^2(t)\) term.
- The system is causal, as the output only depends on present and past inputs.
- The stability of the system requires further analysis based on its complete behavior.

It's worth noting that the given differential equation resembles a nonlinear ordinary differential equation,
and its behavior might be more complex and require a detailed analysis to fully understand its
characteristics and applicability in a medical device.v

2–

Let's analyze the properties of the given system ( y (t)=3 e−2t u (t) )to determine if they can be
implemented in a medical device.

1. **Memoryless**: A system is memoryless if its output at any given time depends only on the input at
that same time, and not on past or future inputs. In this case, the system is memoryless because the output
( y ( t ) ) is directly proportional to the input (u(t ) ) at the same time instant (t ), without involving any
past or future values.
2. **Time Invariant**: A system is time invariant if its behavior remains constant over time.
Mathematically, if an input (x (t) ) produces an output ( y (t) ) , then a time-shifted input ( x (t−τ ) )
should produce a time-shifted output ( y (t−τ) ). In this case, the system is time-invariant because the
output ( y (t) ) depends solely on the time \(t\) and not on any absolute time reference.

3. **Linear**: A system is linear if it satisfies both the superposition principle and homogeneity. The
superposition principle states that the response to a sum of inputs is the sum of the individual responses to
those inputs. Homogeneity states that scaling the input will scale the output by the same factor. In this
case, the system is linear because it's a simple multiplication of the input (u(t ) )by a constant
{− 2 t }
(3 e ), satisfying both superposition and homogeneity.

4. **Causal**: A system is causal if its output depends only on present and past inputs, not on future
inputs. In this case, the system is causal because the output ( y (t) ) is calculated solely based on the
input (u(t ) ) up to the current time (t ), and it does not rely on future values of the input.

5. **Stable**: A system is stable if all bounded inputs result in bounded outputs. In this case, the system
is stable because the exponential term (e {−2 t } ) ensures that the output ¿) decays exponentially as (t )
increases, which prevents the output from growing unbounded for bounded inputs.

Based on the analysis:

- The system is memoryless because the output depends only on the present input.
- The system is time-invariant because its behavior doesn't change with absolute time.
- The system is linear due to the proportionality between the input and output.
- The system is causal as the output only depends on present and past inputs.
- The system is stable because its output decays exponentially as time increases.

This system appears to have properties that could be applicable in certain medical devices, especially if
exponential decay characteristics are desired for signal processing or control purposes.
7.
To find the impulse response of the given systems, we can use the concept of convolution. The impulse
response of a system is the response to an impulse input δ(t ).In the time domain, convolution between
the impulse response and the impulse function δ (t)gives us the impulse response.

1. For system (h(t )= cos(2 t) u(t) ):

The impulse response \(h(t)\) is given as (h(t )= cos(2 t )u(t ) ).Using the convolution integral, we
have:
+∞
( h∗δ )( t )= ∫ h ( τ ) δ (t−τ )dτ
−∞

Since δ (t−τ ) is zero everywhere except at (τ =t ) , the integral becomes:

( h∗δ )( t )=h ( t ) . δ ( t−τ )=h ( t ) δ ( 0 ) =h ( t ) . ∞

Thus, the impulse response for \(h(t) = \cos(2t) u(t)\) is undefined or infinite.

2. For system (h(t )= cos(2(t −3))u (t−3) ):

The impulse response \(h(t)\) is given as \(h(t) = \cos(2(t-3)) u(t-3)\). Using the convolution integral, we
have:

+∞
( h∗δ )( t )= ∫ h ( τ ) δ (t−τ )dτ
−∞

Again, since (δ (t−τ ) ) is zero everywhere except at (τ =t), the integral becomes:
 ( h∗δ )( t )=h ( t ) . δ ( t−τ )=h ( t ) δ ( 0 ) =h ( t ) . ∞

Similarly, the impulse response for (h(t )= cos(2(t−3))u (t−3) ) is also undefined or infinite.

In both cases, the impulse response is not well-defined due to the presence of the unit step function
(u(t ) ), which introduces non-zero values for all (t ) and causes the impulse response to blow up. The
impulse response for such systems is not a physically meaningful result.