Heating, ventilating and lighting
179
Andersen, B. and Bostrom, T. 73.170
'Computerized calculation of the heat
balance in rooms' VVS Tidskrift, Vol 43
(1972) No 8 p p 2 1 - 2 3 and 2 6 - 2 7 (in
Swedish)
Formulae are presented for determining non-
stationary temperatures in rooms for incor-
poration in a c o m p u t e r program.
Gupta, C. L. and Anson, M. 73.171
'Thermal design of building envelopes for
m i n i m u m total cost' Build. Int. Vol 5, No 6
( N o v e m b e r - D e c e m b e r 1972) pp 3 6 3 - 3 7 1
A c o m p u t e r assisted design tool is described
for the thermal design of building envelopes
in order to achieve satisfactory internal
environment at a m i n i m u m overall cost. The
basis of the tool is an evaluation of inter-
active aspects of envelope design and air-
conditioning loads in terms of thermal insu-
lation, building mass, window glazing,
shading, siting, geometry, shape and surface
treatments.
Mitalas, G.P. 73.172
'Transfer function m e t h o d of calculating
cooling loads, heat extraction a n d space tem-
perature'ASHRAEJ., Vol 14, No 12
(December 1972) pp 5 4 - 5 6
The transfer function m e t h o d is compared
with previous m e t h o d s used for load-calcu-
lation procedures. It is shown to have the
additional capability of coping with a vari-
able schedule of operation, calculation of
heat extraction, room air temperature and
the heat extraction characteristics of an air-
conditioning terminal unit.
Sugita, K., Nagatomo, M. and 73.173
Tanaka, S.
' A u t o m a t e d design program for air-handling
apparatus' Kajima Institute of Construction
Technology, Report No 3. 11 pp (in
English)
A computer program is described for calcu-
lating the heating and cooling load, the
supply air volume, the psychrometric data
and the specifications for an air handling
apparatus. The program is based on equations
that express the change in the state of
moist air. The program can be used to
select the appropriate apparatus and calcu-
late the required air volume for either a non-
reheat or a reheat system.
Lens design
Minmack, W . E . 73.174
'Convergence and multiple solutions in com-
puterized lens design', White Sand Missile
Range, N. Mex. Instr. Directorate (September
1972) p 183 (NTIS No AD749--785)
The two objectives of the pape~ ~re to pro-
vide a better mathematical description of
lens design problems near a solution and to
help solve the problem of global optimiza-
tion in lens design.
Rosendahl, G . R . 74.175
'First- and third-order lens analysis by
programmable desk calculator' (NTIS No
AP-750-249) Naval Train. Equip. Centre,
Volume 5 Number 4 October 1973
Orlando, Florida (August 1972) p 151
A c o m p u t e r program for providing an
analysis of centred optical systems (includ-
ing conic surfaces) has been written for a
programmable desk calculator.
Marine engineering
Montoya, J. 73.176
'Bureau Veritas and electronic data proces-
sing: Application to naval architecture and
to ship-structure calculations' Bulletin
techniques du Bureau Veritas (May 1973)
p p 7 15
A short history of the work in the Bureau
Veritas and the efforts made to optimize the
use of the c o m p u t e r are first given. An
analysis is performed of the conditions to be
satisfied to attain the targets set. The type
of activities optimized includes calculations
of scantlings, optimizing public relations
with shipyards and optimizing the develop-
m e n t of new programs. Finally, the author
deals with the second generation programs
currently used or in the development stage.
These fall under two main headings: naval
architecture programs and classification and
structural programs.
Niki, I., Nagai, K. et al 73.177
'Three-dimensional analysis of hull structure
by finite element m e t h o d ' IHI Eng Rev.,
Vol 6, No 1 (March 1973), pp 1 2 - 2 4
Many problems still remain in the application
of the finite element m e t h o d to actual
design. For successful design, the authors
describe the three steps that were followed
to solve these problems. The first step is a
study of what structural element idealization
is reasonable. That is, to establish the
calculating method, through comparison
of overall calculation for three-dimensional
strength of cargo holds and models. The
second step is to establish a standard loading
condition and allowed stress to allow appli-
cation of the calculating m e t h o d used by the
first step. Finally, the most suitable design
of partial structural elements is achieved by
zooming the partial structure using the
results of the first step. The authors deal
with the analysis of an ore-oil carrier and a
new type of tanker.
Saarilahti, J. 73.178
'Computer programs in ship design' Sbipp
World and Sbipbuild., Vol 166, No 3880
(April 1973) pp 4 1 6 - 4 1 8
A description of a large ship design program
with interation and variation mechanisms.
The iterative character of the ship design
process can be illustrated with a design
spiral, where one cycle corresponds to the
calculations required to determine certain
parameters. This spiral principle has been
applied at the W~rtsil~" Helsinki shipyard by
using the approximate design program and
the exact calculation system in turn. The
program system is almost completely inde-
pendent of ship type. Weight and cost
calculations are also calculated b u t large
a m o u n t s of data need to be entered. The
direct search m e t h o d of Hooke and Jeeves is
currently being applied to optimize design.
A possible limitation to system development
(apart from peripherals) is the n u m b e r of
net dimensions that can be handled.
Smith, G. K. and Woodhead, R . G . 73.
'A design scheme for ship structures', The
Royal Inst. of Naval Arcbit. Spring Meeting
1973 (April 1973), 12 pages
A design system is being developed for appli-
cation to large complex ship structures. The
logic behind the system is the generation
and analysis of a succession of alternative
designs until the o p t i m u m is found. The
system is structured mathematically and
consists o f a structural analysis model, a
mathematical programme and thirdly, an
optimization model. The example con-
sidered is a cantilever bracket structure. A
stress analysis is performed using the objec-
tive function providing minimization of
the weight. The design of oil tanker trans-
verses has received a great deal of attention
recently and a transverse web for a 250 000
tons deadweight oil tanker was chosen for
several design load cases.
Mathematical techniques
A~rd, R . J . 73.180
'Improved algorithms for constructing root
loci', Loughborough University of Technology,
Transport Technology Dept, (January 1973)
1 9 p p , 2ref.
Equations have been developed, which by
direct integration yield the root locus
diagram and can produce the transient
response. In the design of control systems
the root locus technique is extremely useful
but direct implementation of the manual
rules in a c o m p u t e r program is inefficient.
Mechanical engineering
Anon 73.181
'Computer program for calculating the tem-
perature field of face seals'. NASA Tech-
nical Brief, Lewis Research Center, (August
1972)
Shaft seals are composed basically of
axisymmettic bodies and the program can
be applied to such bodies, for example, gas
bearings, p u m p rotors and piston rings. The
program permits ready substitution of
other boundary conditions or o t h e r expres-
sions for the heat transfer coefficients.
The Fortran 4 program listings a n d flow-
charts for steady-state thermal solution of
an axisymmetric solid in cylindrical co-
ordinates are also given.
Anon 73.182
'Structural design and stress analysis pro-
gram for advanced composite filament-
w o u n d axisymmetric pressure vessels
(COMTANK)' NASA Tech. Briefs,
B72-10073 (1972)
Deam, J . B . 73.183
'Direct numerical control of machine tools'
Macb. andProd. Eng. Vol 122, No 3146
(March 1973) pp 3 1 9 - 3 2 3
Direct numerical control provides machining
programs from a central c o m p u t e r as well as
feeding back m a n a g e m e n t information. A
n u m b e r of n.c. machines all have real-time
access to machines and/or parts programs
stores in a c o m m o n databank. The author
explains the different forms of DNC,
including m i n i m u m cost and m a x i m u m
flexibility.
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