Sir Hugh Clifford Constitution (1922) Background:

The Clifford Constitution adopted in 1922 derived its name from the then governor of Nigeria,
Sir Hugh Clifford, who took over from the former governor, Lord Lugard. The constitution
introduced a new legislative council and executive council which replaced the abolished old
legislative council for Lagos colony and the Nigerian council. The constitution introduced
elective principle which increased political agitation and awakened the spirit of nationalism in
Nigeria.

The Northern Nigeria was not represented in the new legislature. The Governor General retained
the legislative power for the North.

FEATURES OF THE CLIFFORD CONSTITUTION OF 1922

1. The introduction of elective principle.

2. It encouraged the development of political parties.

3. Members in the legislative council were increased (46 members).

4. Elective principle was restricted to Lagos and Calabar.

5. Northern Province was not represented.

6. Governor made laws for the country.

MERITS OF THE CLIFFORD CONSTITUTION OF 1922

1. It provided room for the formation of political parties like NNDP.

2. It offered wider scope for African participation in politics.

3. It also created room for the bringing up of newspapers such as Lagos Daily News and the
Daily Times Nigeria Plc in 1925.

4. It introduced elective principle in Nigeria.

5. The introduction of the elective principle led to an upsurge in political consciousness.

DEMERITS OF THE CLIFFORD CONSTITUTION OF 1922

1. Africans were excluded from the executive council.

2. Whites dominated the legislative council.

3. Legislative council was only advisory.

4. Governor enjoyed unlimited powers.

6. North was excluded