Q.1) Roofing system of an industrial shed consists of trusses spaced at 6 m apart.

The span of
roof truss is18 m and rise is 3 m. The level of eaves is 7 m above the ground. Assume suitable
configuration of truss. The shade is situated on flat terrain with sparsely populated buildings.
The shed has less than 20% permeability. Prepare structural layout of industrial steel shed
with suitable configuration. Determine the wind forces on the truss. Location Chennai.

Given Data:
Spacing = 6m
Span = 18m
Rise = 3m
Height = 7m
Terrain: flat terrain with sparsely populated buildings
Shed has less than 20% permeability

Solution:
Assume howe type truss for 18m span.

Step-1: Angle of roof truss

 Rise  1  3 
Angle of roof truss = tan 1    tan    18.43
 Span 2   18 2 
Step-2: Determining Basic wind Speed (Vb)
For Chennai, the basic wind speed is 50 m/s from page no 51, IS 875 part-3 2015.
Step-3: Wind pressure calculation
Direct finding K1, K2, K3, K4 from the IS 875 part-3.

 K1  K 2  K3  1
 K 4  1.15

We know that,

Design wind speed: Vz  Vb  K1  K 2  K3  K 4  50 1111.15  57.5 m/s

Design Wind Pressure (Pd):

Pd  K d  K a  Kc  Pz

Direct finding Kd, Ka, Kc from the IS 875 part-3.

 K d  wind directionality factor  0.9

 K a  area averaging factor  0.92 (by interpolation between 10 and 15)
 Kc  combination factor  0.9
 Pz = wind pressure at height z m.
We know that,

Pz  0.6  Vz2  0.6  57.52  1983.75 N/m2

So, Pd  K d  K a  Kc  Pz  0.9  0.92  0.9 1983.75  1478.29 N/m2

Design wind pressure is less than 0.7  Pz  0.7 1938.75  1388.62 N/m2 (Hence OK)

Step-4: Wind load on individual members

F   C pe  C pi  A  Pd

Find Cpi (Internal pressure coefficient)

The shed has less than 20% permeability
Therefore, C pi  0.5

Find Cpe (External pressure coefficient)

For truss angle 18.43 and, h 7  0.38

w 18
The Cpe is given below.
Cpe
o
Wind angle = 0 Wind angle = 90o
EF (windward) GH (leeward) EG FH
-0.526 -0.4 -0.715 -0.6
Finding area:

 span 2    rise  18 2  32

2 2 2

Inclined length of each panel s   2.372 m2

no. of panels on each side 4

Tributary area of point 1 and 5

2.372 span 2.372 6
A1,5      3.558 m2
2 2 2 2
Tributary area of point 2, 3 and 4

2.372  span  2.372 6

A2,3,4  2    2  2   7.116
2  2  2 2

Wind load calculation table

Node No. Wind Angle Cpe Cpi A (m2) F (KN)
-0.5 -0.1365
-0.526
+0.5 -5.396
0o
-0.5 0.526
-0.4
+0.5 -4.7335
1 3.558
-0.5 -1.13
-0.715
+0.5 -6.39
90o
-0.5 -0.526
-0.6
+0.5 -5.786
-0.5 -0.273
-0.526
o +0.5 -10.793
0
-0.5 1.052
-0.4
+0.5 -9.467
2 7.116
-0.5 --2.262
-0.715
+0.5 -12.78
90o
-0.5 -1.052
-0.6
+0.5 -11.571
-0.5 -0.273
-0.526
o +0.5 -10.793
0
-0.5 1.052
-0.4
+0.5 -9.467
3 7.116
-0.5 --2.262
-0.715
+0.5 -12.78
90o
-0.5 -1.052
-0.6
+0.5 -11.571
-0.5 -0.273
-0.526
+0.5 -10.793
0o
-0.5 1.052
-0.4
+0.5 -9.467
4 7.116
-0.5 --2.262
-0.715
o +0.5 -12.78
90
-0.5 -1.052
-0.6
+0.5 -11.571
 -0.5 -0.1365
-0.526
+0.5 -5.396
0o
-0.5 0.526
-0.4
+0.5 -4.7335
5 3.558
-0.5 -1.13
-0.715
+0.5 -6.39
90o
-0.5 -0.526
-0.6
+0.5 -5.786