Algebra Paper1 Part4 [98 marks]

The first two terms of an infinite geometric sequence are u1 = 18 and u2 = 12sin2
θ , where 0 < θ < 2π , and θ ≠ π.

1a. Find an expression for r in terms of θ. [2 marks]

1b. Find the values of θ which give the greatest value of the sum. [6 marks]

Sergei is training to be a weightlifter. Each day he trains at the local gym by lifting
a metal bar that has heavy weights attached. He carries out successive lifts. After
each lift, the same amount of weight is added to the bar to increase the weight to
be lifted.
The weights of each of Sergei’s lifts form an arithmetic sequence.
Sergei’s friend, Yuri, records the weight of each lift. Unfortunately, last Monday,
Yuri misplaced all but two of the recordings of Sergei’s lifts.
On that day, Sergei lifted 21 kg on the third lift and 46 kg on the eighth lift.

2a. For that day find how much weight was added after each lift. [2 marks]

2b. For that day find the weight of Sergei’s first lift. [2 marks]

2c. On that day, Sergei made 12 successive lifts. Find the total combined [2 marks]
weight of these lifts.

Last year a South American candy factory sold 4.8 × 108 spherical sweets. Each
sweet has a diameter of 2.5 cm.
The factory is producing an advertisement showing all of these sweets placed in a
straight line.

3a. Find the length, in cm, of this line. Give your answer in the form a × 10k , [3 marks]
where 1 ≤ a < 10 and k ∈ Z.
 Z

The advertisement claims that the length of this line is x times the length of the
Amazon River. The length of the Amazon River is 6400 km.

3b. Write down the length of the Amazon River in cm. [1 mark]

3c. Find the value of x. [2 marks]

In this question, give all answers to two decimal places.

Karl invests 1000 US dollars (USD) in an account that pays a nominal annual
interest of 3.5%, compounded quarterly. He leaves the money in the account
for 5 years.

4a. Calculate the amount of money he has in the account after 5 years. [3 marks]

4b. Write down the amount of interest he earned after 5 years. [1 mark]

4c. Karl decides to donate this interest to a charity in France. The charity [2 marks]
receives 170 euros (EUR). The exchange rate is 1 USD = t EUR.
Calculate the value of t.

Consider w = 2 (cos π3 + i sin π3 )

5a. Express w2 and w3 in modulus-argument form. [3 marks]

5b. Sketch on an Argand diagram the points represented by w0 , w1 , w2 and [2 marks]

w3 .

These four points form the vertices of a quadrilateral, Q .

5c. 21√3 [3 marks]

Show that the area of the quadrilateral Q is 2 .

5d. Let z = 2 (cos πn + i sin πn ) , n ∈ Z+ . The points represented on an [6 marks]

Argand diagram by z 0 , z 1 , z 2 , … , z n form the vertices of a polygon Pn .
Show that the area of the polygon Pn can be expressed in the form
a (bn − 1) sin πn , where a, b ∈ R.
6. Solve (ln x)2 − (ln 2) (ln x) < 2(ln 2)2 . [6 marks]

7. Use the principle of mathematical induction to prove that [7 marks]

2 3 n−1 n+2
1 + 2 ( 12 ) + 3( 12 ) + 4( 12 ) + … + n( 12 ) = 4− 2n−1
, where n ∈ Z+ .

ax+b
The function f is defined by f (x) = cx+d
, for x ∈ R, x ≠ − dc .

2x−3
The function g is defined by g (x) = x−2
, x ∈ R, x ≠ 2

8. Express g (x) in the form A + B

where A, B are constants. [2 marks]
x−2

9. Show that log 2 x = 1 log x where r, x ∈ R+ . [2 marks]

r 2 r

10. The following diagram shows [CD], with length bcm , where b > 1. [9 marks]
2 3
Squares with side lengths kcm, k cm, k cm, …, where 0 < k < 1, are
drawn along [CD]. This process is carried on indefinitely. The diagram shows the
first three squares.

9
The total sum of the areas of all the squares is 16 . Find the value of b .

In an arithmetic sequence, the first term is 8 and the second term is 5.

11a. Find the common difference. [2 marks]

11b. Find the tenth term. [2 marks]

300 000
 The speed of light is 300 000 kilometres per second. The average distance from
the Sun to the Earth is 149.6 million km.

12a. Calculate the time, in minutes, it takes for light from the Sun to reach [3 marks]
the Earth.

A light-year is the distance light travels in one year and is equal to 9 467 280
million km. Polaris is a bright star, visible from the Northern Hemisphere. The
distance from the Earth to Polaris is 323 light-years.

12b. Find the distance from the Earth to Polaris in millions of km. Give your [3 marks]
answer in the form a × 10k with 1 ⩽ a < 10 and k ∈ Z.

Juan buys a bicycle in a sale. He gets a discount of 30% off the original price and
pays 560 US dollars (USD).

13a. Calculate the original price of the bicycle. [2 marks]

To buy the bicycle, Juan takes a loan of 560 USD for 6 months at a nominal annual
interest rate of 75%, compounded monthly. Juan believes that the total amount
he will pay will be less than the original price of the bicycle.

13b. Calculate the difference between the original price of the bicycle and [4 marks]
the total amount Juan will pay.

14. Solve the equation log2 (x + 3) + log2 (x − 3) = 4. [5 marks]

Chloe and Selena play a game where each have four cards showing capital letters
A, B, C and D.
Chloe lays her cards face up on the table in order A, B, C, D as shown in the
following diagram.

Selena shuffles her cards and lays them face down on the table. She then turns
them over one by one to see if her card matches with Chloe’s card directly above.
Chloe wins if no matches occur; otherwise Selena wins.

15a. Show that the probability that Chloe wins the game is 3 . [6 marks]
8
 Chloe and Selena repeat their game so that they play a total of 50 times.
Suppose the discrete random variable X represents the number of times Chloe
wins.

15b. Determine the mean of X. [3 marks]

15c. Determine the variance of X. [2 marks]

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