Module 3

What is RRL for

1. To gain better and in-depth understanding of your study focus.

2. To examine gaps.
3. To gain insights from previous studies presentation, processes and techniques( total
exposure)

Characteristics of RRL

1. Relevant ( highly connected)

2. Recent ( not long ago, current)
3. Sufficient ( not too few, not too many)

Differences between literature and studies

How to write RRL

1. Decide on the themes

2. Read and evaluate literature and studies to be included.
3. Write the topic sentence and organized and paraphrased literature and studies.
4. Used transition words.
5. Recheck the contents and make adjustments if necessary.

What did you notice?

Acoording to author( year, reading starts when chikdren…..

Author( year) found that colors help in developing the reading tendencies of children.

Furthermore, author( year) emphasizes that…..

Likewise, Authors ( year) argue on....

What is the connection of the 4 concepts?

Copy paste?

Mistakes to avoid

1. Writing a paragraph per source.

2. Not analyzing the contents.
3. Copying and pasting of par graphs
4. Lack of transition words.
5. Inaccurate in-text citations.
6. Some authors are not included in the references part.
Theoretical Framework

How to write Theoretical Framework

1. Examine the research problem and consider the key variables in your research.
2. Review your related literature and choose the theory applicable to your study.
3. Discuss the theory and its relation to your present study.

Prompts

The study is anchored on…..

This study is supported by the theory of….

This study is founded on the theory of….

The theoretical underpinning of this study is…

Include these in your paragraph.

1. Title of theory
2. Author/proponent
3. Theoretical principle
4. Relationship/relevance to present study.
Conceptual Framework

Illustrate what the researcher expects to find in the research it guides the researcher by
giving clear directions to the research.

It Explains the major variables in the study, it is a diagram representing the relationship
or connections of variables.

In research, the easiest, simplest and most effective way to explain complex
relationships among your variables is through a particular diagram-the “conceptual framework”

What to consider?

Check your research title:

Peer Tutoring: Its Effect on the Reading Fluency of Senior High School Students

IV- Independent Variables DV- Dependent Variaables

Usually affected by the manipulation of

the independent variables
Usually manipulated in an experiment
Response or predicted variables
Cause variable the one responsible that
acts on one conditions to bring about Outcome variable
changes
The result or effect of the changes
brought about by another variables
Activity: where is the dependent variables and independent variables

1. An experiment on online teaching and academic achievement of SHS

Learners.

Research Questions

Research Paradigm