AR 363A: Building Utlitos 3 Handouts: Proliminary Handouts MODULE 3: COMPUTATION (SOUND ABSORPTION AND NOISE REDUCTION) Problem # 1: ‘A small room 10’ x 10’ x 10" has all walls and floor finished in exposed concrete. The ceiling is completely covered with sound absort i spray-o1 material. Sound absorption coefficient (a) are 0.02 for concrete and 0.75 for spray-on material, both at 500 Hz. 11 Find the noise reduction (NR) in this room if sound absorbing panels are added to 2 adjacent walls. The sound absorption coefficient (a) is 085 for panels at S00 Hz. ‘Solution: 1. Compute the surface area (S) ‘Scone = (10x10) + 4(10x10) = 500 sa. ft Sipay= 10x10 = 100 5a, ft. 2. Compute for the total room absorption (a1) ‘41 = (500x0.02) + (100x0.75) = (10) + (75) = 85 sabins 3. Compute for the total room absorption (a:) with sound absorbing panels covering 2 walls and spray-on material on ceiling ‘az = (100x002) + [(2(100%x0.02)) + (2(100x0.85))] + (100x0.75) = (10) + [40#170] + (75) ‘a2= 295 sabins NR = 10 log (a2/ 11.2 Find the noise reduction (NR) if all 4 wall surfaces are treated with sound absorbing panels & having a carpeted floor. The sound absorption coefficient (a) of the carpet is 0.50 at S00 Hz. Soluti 1. Compute for the total room absorption (as! with sound absorbing panels on all walls, spray- ‘on material on ceiling, and carpet on the ficor. ‘as = (100x0.50) + (400x0.85) + (100x0.75) = (50) + (340) + (75) 2. Compute for the noise reduction (NR) INR = 10 log (a3/ a1) = 10 log (465 / 85) = 7.38 = 8 db 165 sabins ‘SUMMARY OF RESULTS, ‘Surfaces Treated (in addition to ceiling) Room NR (@ 500 Hz) walls edb ‘4 walls + floor db TP. 3634 Buldng Utes 3 Lessons. Prlims, Wook 3 Modul 3.110612‘AR 363A: Building Utilities 3 Handouts: Preliminary Handouts Problem # 2: Given a room 15’ x 45° with 9 ceiling height with the following surface finishes: Floor— concrete Walls ~ Concrete block, painted Ceiling - Concrete 1. Find the total room absorption at 500 Hz 2. Ifthe finishes have been changed to the following: Floor — wood parquet on concrete Walls - gypsum board, 4” paneling Ceiling — gypsum board, "thick Find the total room absorption and noise reduction at 500 Hz 3._ Ifthe finishes have been changed to the following: Floor—heavy carpet on concrete Walls front: plaster on concrete block; sides (45'): wood, » paneling with glass fiber in air space behind; rear: heavyweight drapery Ceiling - suspended acoustical tle, %" thick Find the total room absorption and noise reduction at 500 Hz uti 1.1 Surface Area (S) Stoor= 15'x45! = 675 sq.ft. Swalt= (2(15'x9')) + (2(45'x9')) = 270 + 810 = 1080 sq, ft. Sealing = 15°x45' = 675 5q. ft. 12 Total Room Absorption (a1) a1 = (675%0.02) + (1080x0.06) + (675x0.02) = (13.5) + (64.8) + (13.5) = 91.80 sabins 2.1 Total Room Absorption (a:) {2 = (675x0.07) + (1080x0.05) + (675x0.05) = 2.2 Noise Reduction (NR) INR = 10 log (a2/ i) = 10 log (2135 / 91.80) =10 log (1.47) = 1.67 = 2 db 3.1 Surface area (S) Stoor= 15x45! = 675 sq.ft Swirot = 159! = 135 5g. ft. Swides= (2(45'x9')) = 810 5g. ft. Swrear= 15'x9) = 135 59. ft. Scetig= 15°x45' = 675 59, f. 3.2 Total Room Absorption (as) as = (675x0.14) + [(135x0.07) + (810x0.80) + (135x0.55)] + (675x0.83) a= (94.5) + [(9.45) + (648) + (74.25)] + (560.25) a3 = 94.5 + 731.70 + 560.25 = 1386.45 sabins 3.3 Noise Reduction (NR) INR = 10 log (as / a) = 10 log (1386.45 / 91.80) = 10 log (15.10) = 11.79 = 12 db 7.25) + (54) + (33.75) = 135 sabins ‘SUMMARY OF RESULTS. ‘Surface Treatment ‘Room NR (@ 500 Hz) Situation 1 2db Situation 2 12 db ‘TIP. 983A Bulding iis 3. Lessons. Prom. Wook 3 Module 3. 110612 PAGE 213AR 363A: Building Utilities 3 Handouts: Preliminary Handouts Problem # 3: Given a room 20' x35’ with 9 ceiling hel Floor - terrazzo Walls - brick, unglazed Ceiling ~ gypsum board, J” thick 1. Find the total room absorption at 1000 Hz 2. Ifthe finishes have been changed to the following: Floor - marble Walls plywood Ceiling - plywood Find the total room absorption and noise redustion at 1000 Hz 3._ Ifthe finishes have been changed to the following: Floor ~ indoor-outdoor carpet Walls ~ front: wood; sides (35 nt with the following surface finishes: shredded wood fiberboard; rear: lightweight drapery Ceiling thick, porous, sound absorbing material Find the total room absorption and noise reduction at 1000 Hz ‘Solution: 1.1 Surface Area(s) Stic 10'x35' = 700 sq. ft. Swat = (2(20'S)) + (2(35'S")) = ‘Sceiting = 20’x35’ = 700 sq. ft. 1.2 Total Room Absorption (a1) y= (700x0.02) + (990x0.04) + (700x0.04) = (14) + (39.6) + (28) 2.1 Total Room Absorption (a2) 2 = (700x0.01) + (990x0.09) + (700x0.09) 2.2 _ Noise Reduction (NR) INR = 20 log (a3 / a1) = 10 log (159.10 / 81.60) = 10 log (1.95) 3.1 Surface area (5) Stoor= 20'x35' = 700 sq.ft. Suront = 20°x9' = 180 sq. ft. Swsies= (2(35'x9")) = 630 sq. ft. Swresr= 20'x9' = 180 sq. ft. Scoiing= 20'x35' = 700 sq. ft. 3.2. Total Room Absorption (23) ‘as = (700x0.20) + {(180x0.08) + (630x0.99| + (180x0.17)] + (700x0.80) 140) + {(14.4) + (623.7) + (30.6)] + (550) as = 140 + 668.70 + 560 = 1368.70 sabins 3.3 _ Noise Reduction (NR) INR = 10 log (a3 / ay) = 10 log (1368.70 / 81.60) = 10 log (16.77) = 12.25 = 13 db = (7) + (89.1) + (63) = 159.10 sabins =2.90=3 db ‘SUMMARY OF RESULTS ‘Surface Treatment Room NR (@ 500 Hz) Situation 1 3b Situation 2 13.46 TIP. 363A Buldng Uiites 3. Lessors Prelims, Week 3 Module 3. 110612 PAGE 3013‘AR 363A: Building Utilities 3 Preliminary Handouts MODULE 4: COMPUTATION (REVERBERATION TIME AND OPTIMUM RT) Problem 1: Given a room 5 meters x9 meters with 3 meters celing height with the following surface finishes: Floor —heavy carpet on concrete Walls ~ front: plaster on concrete block; org side walls: wood, 6” paneling with glass fiber in air space behind; rear: heavyweight drapery Ceiling - suspended acoustical tle, %" thick 1. Find the Opt RT 2. Find the RT 3. Find the discrepancy Solution: 1.1 Volume (V) ve x9x3= 135 cu. m. 1.2 Optimum RT (Opt RT) ‘Opt RT = 0.3 log (V/10) = 0.3 log (135/10) =0.3 log (13.5) = 2.1 Surface Area (S) Shoor= 5x9 = 45 sq.m. Sort = 5x3 = 15 59... 3 (1.13) = 0.34 seconds Swsides= (2(9x3)) = 54 sq. m. Swrear= 5x3 = 15 59. m. Seating = Sx = 45 59. m. 2.2 Total Room Absorption (A) 'A__=(45x0,30) + [(15x0.05) + (54x0.65) + (15x0.60)] + (45x0.95) 13.5 + [0.75 + 35.10 + 9] + 42.75 = 135 + 44.85 + 42.75 = 101.10 sabins 2.3 Reverberation Time (RT) RT = (0.16 VI/A = (0.16 x 135)/101.10 = 21.€0/101.10 = 0.21 seconds 3. Discrepancy (6) & = [100x (Opt RT-RT)I/higher value between Opt RT and RT = [100 x (0.34 -0.21)]/0.34 = (100 x 0.13]/0.34 = 13/0.34 = 38.24% TIP AR 363A Bulking Uiiis 3. Losons. Preis. Wook 4 Module 4110612 PAGE 103AR 363A: Building Utilities 3 Preliminary Handouts Problem 2: Given a room 11 meters x 14 meters with 5 meters ceiling height with the following surface finishes: Floor - heavy carpet on concrete Walls ~ front: plywood, %” paneling; long side walls: acoustical board with wood slats; rear: heavyweight drapery Ceiling - gypsum board, ” thick Find the Opt AT 1. Find the RT 2. Find the discrepancy Solution: 1.1 Volume (V) V=11x14%5=770 cu. m 1.2 Optimum RT (Opt RT) Opt RT = 0.3 log (V/10) = 0.3 log (770/10) =0.3 log (77) = 0.3 (1.88) = 0.57 seconds 2.1 Surface Area (S) Stoor= 11x14 = 154 sq. m. Swirnt= 15 = 55 sq.m. Swates= (2(14x5)) = 140 5g. m. Swrear= 11x5 = 55 59. m. 1x14 = 154 5g. m. 2.2 Total Room Absorption (A) ‘A. = (154x0.30) +[(55x0.15) + (140x0.50) + (55x0.60)] + (154x005) = 46.2 + [8.25 + 70+ 33] +7.7 = 46.2 + 111.25 + 7.7 = 165.15 sabins 2.3 Reverberation Time (RT) RT = (0.16 VI/A= (0.16 x 770)/165.15 = 12320/165.15 = 0.75 seconds 3. Discrepancy (6) 6 =[100x (Opt RT-RT)|/higher value between Opt RT and RT = [100 x (0.57 - 0.75)]/0.75 = [100 x (-0.18)]/0.75 = -18/0.75 TIP. AR 363A Buldng Uslis 3, Lossons. Prelim, Week 4 Module 4110812 PAGE 203‘AR 363A: Building Utilities 3 Preliminary Handouts Problem 3: Given a room 11 meters x 14 meters with 5 meters ceiling height with the following surface finishes ‘and equipped with 100 units of leather ~ covered uaholstered seats (unoccupied): Floor — heavy carpet on concrete Walls - front: plywood, %” paneling; long side walls: acoustical board with wood slats; rear: heavyweight drapery Ceiling - gypsum board, %" thick 1. Find the Opt RT 2. Find the RT 3. Find the discrepancy Solution: 1. Optimum RT (Opt RT) Opt RT = 0.57 seconds 2.1 Total Room Absorption (A) ‘A= (154x0.30) + [(55x0.15) + (140x0.50) + (55x0.60)] + (154x0.05) + (100x0.60) 46.2 + [8.25 +70 + 33] + 7.7 + 60 = 46.2 +111.25 + 7.7 + 60 = 225.15 sabins 2.2 Reverberation Time (RT) RT = (0.16 V)/A= (0.16 x 770)/225.15 = 123.20/225.15 = 0.55 seconds 3. Discrepancy (6) 6 =[100x (Opt RT- RT)|/higher value between Opt RT and RT += [100 x (0.57 ~0.55)]/0.57 = [100 x (0.02)}/0.57 = 2/0.57 = 3.51% TIP AR 363A Bultng Us 3. Losons Preis. Wook 4 Module 4110612 PAGE 3013‘AR 363A: Building Uulitios 4 Handouts: Preliminary Handouts MODULE 5: ACOUSTICAL DEFECTS 41. Echo ~ sound waves which have been reflected to listener with sufficient magnitude and time delay so as to be perceived separately from those communicated directly from the source to the listener. 2. Long-Delayed Reflection ~ similar to echo except that the time delay between the perception of direct and reflected sounds is somewhat less. 3. Flutter Echo ~ a rapid succession of noticeable small echoes observed when a short burst of sound is produced between parallel sound reflective surfaces. FLUTTER ECHO 4, Sound Concentration - sound reflections from concave surfaces concentrating in an area sometimes referred to as hot spots. The intensity of sound at hot spots is always at the expense of dead spots. 5. Coupled Spaces — two rooms adjacent to eact other by means of open doorways, with at least ‘one space being highly reverberant. 6. Distortion - an undesirable change in the quality of musical sound due to the uneven and excessive sound absorption of the boundary surfaces at different frequencies. 7. Room Resonance - also called Coloration. Occurs when certain sounds within a narrow band of frequencies tend to sound louder than other frequencies. TP, 3634 Buldng Utes 3. Lessons. Prelims. Week Module 5.119612 PAGE 12‘AR 363A: Building Utilities 4 Handouts: Preliminary Handouts 8 Sound Shadow ~ occurs when an area does not receive an adequate amount of direct and reflected sound. 9. Whispering Gallery — high frequency sounds creeping along large concave surfaces such as a hemispherical dome. SECTION ACOUSTICAL DEFECTS |. ECHO 2. LONG DELAYED REFLECTION 3. ACOUSTICAL SHADOW 4. SOUND CONCENTRATION TIP. 363A Buldng Uses 3. Lessons. Preis, Wook 5 Mode 5. 110612 PAGE 202