TRIUMPHANT COLLEGE Date………….

…14…/04/2023

Bachelor Degree (Honours) Senior Secondary

Education year 2

Full Names: …………………… MULIKE, SHIKUMWIFA ………………………………………………………………………………………

Student number………… 2022032O84 …………………………………………………………..………………….…. Time: 60minutes

Activity 2/ Physics 2 (Topic 1: Transfer of thermal energy) Total Marks [25]

1. The figure below shows a ceramic tea cup with a steaming hot tea.

(a) (i) Name the state of matter of the water in the cup.

Answer…………… liquid …...………………...… [2]

(ii) Fill in the missing words in the sentence below.

Energy form the hot tea is transferred to the air molecules just above the
surface by........................... Radiation ............. As the air gets warmer it rises
forming a ........................... convectional ......... ………current. [2]

1
(b) Explain the difference between boiling and melting. With reference to Kinetic
Particle Theory, state what happens to the particles in both cases.

Answer……Boiling is a point at which substance is about to change its state of matter (liquid) to
another state (gas) the liquid molecules get more kinetic energy and their intermolecular forces
become more weaker then, the particles will start moving faster and far away from one another.
while Melting is a thermal point at which the substance is about to change its state of matter (solid)
to another state (liquid), this happens when the solid substance get heat then its particles gain kinetic
energy, its intermolecular forces between its particles weakens and the particles start to move slowly
by sliding over each other.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………... [3]

(c) Explain why it is best to use a ceramic cup rather than a metal cup for the
hot tea.

Answer……………………...……………….…………………………………………………………
……………ceramic is a poor conductor of heat, heat cannot escape easily and this keep the tea
hotter for a long time.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

2. 250 grams of cold water with a temperature of 14°C is poured into a very hot aluminum pot that
has a temperature of 140°C and a mass of 300 grams. What temperature will both the water and
the pot reach at thermal equilibrium? Assume that no energy is transferred to the surroundings.
The specific heat capacity of water is 4 186 J/kg-k and the specific heat capacity of aluminum is
897 J/kg-k.

HEAT LOSS = HEAT GAIN

Heat of Aluminium = Heat of water
𝑀 × c × 𝛥𝑇 = 𝑀 × c × ∆𝑇
0.300𝑘𝑔 × 897 J/kg. K × T2 − 140℃ = 0.250𝑘𝑔 × 4 186 J/kg. k × T2 − 40℃
269.1 × (𝑇2 − 140℃) = 1046.5 × (𝑇2 − 14℃)
269.1𝑇2 − 37 67.4K = 1 046.5Γ2 − 14651K
269.1𝑇2 − 1046.5T2 = −14 651K + 37674K
−777.4T2 = 23 023K
−771.4Γ2 23 023
.’. = −771.4
−771.4
T2 = −29.615K

Answer…… … … . −29.615K…… [3]

2
3. The diagrams represent the particle arrangements in a material. Which diagram represents the
process of melting?

melting

[1]
4. During winter, a researcher noted the following temperatures into different cities, fill in the
blank in the table below by converting the temperatures from Celsius to Kelvin and Kelvin to
Celsius:

Cities Temperature (Celsius) Temperature (Kelvin)

Moscow -7 …266……..
Ottawa …3…. 270
Washington 0 …273……
Oslo -12 …261……..
Reykjavik 9 282
Copenhagen …2…… 271
[6]

3
5. The figure below shows two types of thermometers A and B

(a) Identify thermometers A and B.

Answer… A-liquid in glass thermometer

B- thermocouple thermometer …………………...……………….… [2]

(b) Thermometer A initially at room temperature, is placed in a beaker of melting ice. Describe what
happens to the liquid in the thermometer.

Answer… the liquid in the thermometer will contract and the level drops due to temperature
change. ………………………………………………………………………….………… [2]

(c) Thermometer A measures temperatures between -10°C and 100°C. Thermometer C is another
liquid-in-glass thermometer which can measure temperatures ranging from -10°C to 250°C. State one
difference between thermometer A and thermometer C which would account for this increase in range.

Answer……the liquid used in thermometer C have higher boing point than the liquid used in
thermometer A therefore it cannot vaporize at that higher temperature. ……………… [2]

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