C20

Distributed Processing Unit

AU-0663-E
AU-0663-E ii
THE PURPOSE OF THIS DOCUMENT
To provide the necessary instruction and guidance to successfully operate the DataChief
C20

CHAPTER STRUCTURE EXPLANATION

Each chapter, section, main paragraph and paragraph level is identified by numbers to
make it easier for you to identify and locate information easily. This structure also helps to
organize the lower-level sub-sections, etc. of information

FIGURE AND TABLE IDENTIFICATION

Each figure and table is identified by chapter-figure number or table number. For example,
1-2 is Chapter 1 - Figure 2.

CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS DOCUMENT

Conventions are used in this handbook to help you identify supplementary or noteworthy
information.

NOTE Notes are used to call attention to critical information or a procedure step.

CAUTION
Is used when a procedure may cause damage to equipment.

WARNING
Is used when a procedure may cause personal injury or death or if an action or
procedure could result in the injury or death of others.

AU-0663-E iii
 TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
This is a list of special terms and abbreviations used in this handbook

Abbreviations

ACP Autochief Control Panel

CAN Controller Area Network
CCR Cargo Control Room
DGU Digital Governor Unit
dPSC dual Process Segment Controller
DPU Distributed Process Units
ECR Engine Control Room
ESU Engine Safety Unit
LAN Local Area Network
MCU Main Computer Unit
MEI Main Engine Interface
MPD Multi Purpose Display
MPP Multi-purpose panel
OCP Operator Control Panel
PBT Push Button Telegraph
PSS Process Segment Starcoupler
RAI Remote Analogue Input Device
RAItc Remote Analogue Input Device for Thermo Couple
RAO Remote Analogue Output Device
RDI Remote Digital Input Device
RDO Remote Digital Output Device
ROS Remote Operator Station
ROS Remote Operator Station
RPMU RPM Unit
VDU Visual Display Unit
WBU Watch Bridge Unit
WCS Watch Calling System
WCU Watch Cabin Unit

Terms

DataChief® C20
Alarm & Monitoring System from Kongsberg Maritime AS

AutoChief® C20
Propulsion Control System from Kongsberg Maritime AS

Controller Area Network

The communication software program necessary for running the communication and
protocols. It is used with a commercial network.

Local Area Network

AU-0663-E iv
The communication software program necessary for running the communication and
protocols. It is used with a commercial network.

OCP 8810 S2
Operator Control Panel from Kongsberg Maritime AS

ROS (Remote Operator Station)

consists of MCU or PC with display, OCP or standard PC keyboard and optional a printer

AU-0663-E v
Kongsberg Maritime AS reserves the right to make improvements or alterations to their
systems and equipments without incurring any responsibility to make the same
improvements or alterations to systems or equipments previously sold.
© Kongsberg Maritime AS
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise without the prior permission of Kongsberg Maritime AS.
All efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of this document. We at Kongsberg
Maritime AS are always striving to improve our products and handbooks, therefore we
would greatly appreciate being informed of any errors found in our product or its
handbook.

Kongsberg Maritime AS
Bekkajordet Telephone: +47 33 03 20 00
P.O.Box 1009 Telefax: +47 85 02 80 28
N-3194 Horten, www.kongsberg.com
Norway

AU-0663-E vi
 DOCUMENT STATUS

Issue No. Date/Year Inc. by Issue No. Date/Year Inc. by

A 25-Aug-98 BJW
B 11- June 99 OBE
C 19 – Aug 99 OBE
D
D1 22-Oct-02 ala
E 12-feb-04 EGA

CHANGES IN DOCUMENT

Issue ECO Paragraph Paragraph Heading/

No. No. No. Description of Change
A First issue.
B AUE- chapter 1 Reduced level of details regarding
000652 CANopen throughout the chapter.
chapter 2.2 Changed all LOS panel figures to match the
updated LOS front panel
All Added module RDi 32 A
Chapter 5 Added information on Built In Self Test
(BIST)
Chapter 2.3 Added function: LOS as ROS backup.
C AUE- Chapter 1,5,6 Added modules RIO-C1, RIO-C2, dPSC,
000670 PSS
Chapter 4 Added 4.2.3.1 Problem solving

D AUE- Chapter 1,5,6 Added modules RIO-C3, RIO-C4, VCC and

000997 MOS
D1 AUE-1011 New header and footer
E AUE-1170 All Added modules MEI,ESU,RPMU,DGU,
MPP,MPD,ACP,PBT all operation,
commissioning and maintenance details
deleted

AU-0663-E vii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
1 GENERAL INFORMATION (DPS) ................................... 10
1.1 DPS Overview................................................................ 10
2 DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING UNITS ....................................... 12
2.1 General ........................................................................ 12
2.2 Functions RAi-16, flexible input module ............................. 14
2.3 Functions RDi-32, digital input module .............................. 14
2.4 Functions RDi-32 A, digital input module 24VAC ................ 14
2.5 Functions RAi-10tc, thermo coupler module ....................... 15
2.6 Functions RDo-16, relay module....................................... 15
2.7 Functions RAo-8, analog output module ............................ 15
2.8 Functions RIO-C1, combi module C1 ................................. 16
2.9 Functions RIO-C2, combi module C2 ................................. 16
2.10 Functions dPSC, dual Process Segment Controller ............... 17
2.11 Functions PSS, Process Segment Starcoupler ..................... 17
2.12 Functions RIO-C3, generator protection module C3 ............ 18
2.13 Functions RIO-C4, generator control module C4 ................ 19
2.14 Functions VCC, Voltage Converter Controller ..................... 20
2.15 Functions MEI, Main Engine Interface ............................... 21
2.16 Functions ESU, Engine Safety Unit ................................... 22
2.17 Functions DGU, Digital Governor Unit ............................... 23
2.18 Functions RPMU, RPM Unit .............................................. 24
2.19 Functions PBT, Push Button Telegraph............................... 25
2.20 Functions MPP, Multi Purpose Panel.................................. 26
2.21 Functions MPD, Multi Purpose Display .............................. 27
2.22 Functions ACP, AutoChief Control Panel ............................ 28
2.23 Local Operator Stations................................................... 29
2.24 Midi Operator Stations, MOS ............................................ 30
3 COMMON DESIGN FEATURES ................................................ 31
3.1 Distributed Processing System, an example ....................... 31
3.2 Controller Area Network .................................................. 32
3.3 CANopen....................................................................... 32
3.4 Process Signal Handling .................................................. 32
3.5 Analog input signal handling ............................................ 33
3.6 Digital input signal handling............................................. 35
3.7 Counter input signal handling........................................... 37
3.8 Digital output signal handling........................................... 38
3.9 Analog output signal handling .......................................... 39
3.10 Process signal simulation................................................. 41
3.10.1 Alarm & Event Handling .................................................. 43
3.11 Exhaust gas Deviation & Mean Value Calculation................. 47
3.12 Installation and Cabling .................................................. 50

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3.13 Commissioning .............................................................. 50
3.14 Test facilities, fault finding and repair................................ 51
3.15 Communication with the Server (DataChief® C20 or Equivalent
System)........................................................................ 51
3.16 Self-Check Function........................................................ 51
3.17 Changing Operational Data .............................................. 51
3.18 Power Requirements and Power Consumption .................... 52
3.19 Environmental and Physical Data...................................... 52
3.19.1 Operational Ambient Temperature .................................... 52
3.19.2 Storage temperature ...................................................... 52
3.19.3 Shock and vibration: ...................................................... 52
3.19.4 EMC properties: ............................................................. 52
4 OPERATOR INTERACTION (HMI) ......................................... 53
4.1 Remote Operator Station (ROS) ....................................... 53
4.2 Local Operator Station (LOS) ........................................... 54
4.3 Midi Operator Station (MOS) ............................................ 54
4.4 Commissioning tool (PC) ................................................. 54

AU-0663-E ix
1 GENERAL INFORMATION (DPS)

This document describes the Kongsberg Maritime AS Distributed Processing System and
assumes that the system is being used as part of a larger Alarm,Monitoring and Control
System such as the DataChief® C20 or Autochief®C20.

The information in this handbook will provide a clear understanding of the Kongsberg
Maritime AS Distributed Processing System, and its basic features.

1.1 DPS Overview

The figure illustrates the Distributed Processing System and its interface to a DataChief®
C20. The DPS is in the figure organized as one redundant CAN-segment (CAN line 1 &
2).

ROS ROS
Ethernet
Ethernet

WBU WCU WCU WCU WCU

C A N W.Call ROS / GW no.2

ROS / GW no.1 Watch Calling system

Distributed Processing system

C A N line 1
C A N line 2

LOS LOS
Processing Unit

Processing Unit

Processing Unit
Processing Unit

Processing Unit
Distributed

Distributed

Distributed
Distributed

Distributed

Local Operator Commissioning Local Operator

Station (LOS) tool Station (LOS)

Figure 1-1 Distributed Processing System overview

The Distributed Processing System comprises hardware modules and software program
which consists of:
• Distributed Processing Units (DPU).
• Optional Local Operator Stations (LOS).
• System Gateways (SGW), gateway to the Distributed Processing System
• Portable Commissioning tool

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The Distributed Processing Units are used for interface to process sensors and actuators.
Local Operator Stations makes it possible to inspect process variables processed in the
DPUs. All processed information are available at a Remote Operation Station. At
commissioning and service, a portable PC can be used for system configuration and fault
finding.

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2 DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING UNITS

2.1 General

Distributed Processing Units used in a Alarm, Monitoring and Control System:

1 RAi-16 A module designed for 16 analog or digital inputs, that covers the most
common input signal types in a marine automation system. It covers
volt, current and resistance in different ranges and almost free scaling in
technical units.
2 RDi-32 A module designed for 32 digital inputs, only dry contacts.
3 RDi-32 A module designed for 32 digital inputs, AC and DC voltage.
A
4 RDo- A module designed for 16 digital outputs, relay contacts.
16
5 RAo-8 A module designed for 8 analog outputs. It covers volt and current in
different ranges and almost free scaling in technical units.
6 RAi- A module designed for 10 analog thermocouple inputs, with CJC.
10tc Range: +-50, +-200 and 0 – 600 deg.C.

7 RIO- A module with combined input and output, 21 channels flexible type.
C1
8 RIO- A module with combined input and output, 8 channels digital input(both
C2 dry and alive contacts) and 8 channels digital outputs (relay contacts).
9 dPSC Dual Process Segment Controller
10 PSS Process Segment Starcoupler for CAN, with 8 strands galvanic isolated
11 RIO- A module dedicated for protection of maritime generators
C3
12 RIO- A module with combined input and output, dedicated for control of
C4 maritime generators and bustie breakers. Only used in Power
Management Systems.
13 VCC Voltage Converter Controller, a module for transforming higher voltage
to low and safe levels.
14 LOS Local Operator Station, a module for local HMI with alfanumeric user
interface.
15 MOS Midi Operator Station, a module for local HMI with graphic user
interface.
16 MEI Main Engine Interface, a module with several types of digital and
analogue inputs and outputs.
17 ESU Engine Safety Unit, a module with digital inputs and outputs, and two
independent power, with automatical changeover.
18 DGU Digital Governor Unit, for communication with external equipment on
serial line or CAN, and to communicate with ROS on global CAN.

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 19 RPMU RPM Unit, a module with pickup input and two digital output, one relay
output and one solenoid driver output.
20 MPP Multi-purpose panel, a multi purpose push button panel.
21 MPD Multi Purpose Display, a multi purpose display.
22 ACP Autochief Control Panel, comprise a display and “navigation wheel” to
operate screen menus.
23 PBT Push Button Telegraph
All modules requires 24 VDC power and supports two CAN high speed multi-master
communication networks.

Figure 2-2 Distributed Processing Unit, RAi-16

Main DPU Features & Functions.

The Kongsberg Maritime AS Distributed Processing System, is designed to enhance the
process interface features of a larger Alarm, Monitoring & Control System such as the
DataChief® C20 by:

Common features
• All parameters stored in module
• Remote configurable
• No trimmers or jumpers
• No serviceable parts
• All connections plug-able
• Suitable for direct installation on main engine superstructure
• Module status LED’s:Watchdog, Running, Gen. info, Initialized module and Power
polarity

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2.2 Functions RAi-16, flexible input module
• 16 analog or digital input channels.
• Scaled in technical units
• 1 Counter 5 - 500 Hz
• Limit check
• Alarm and monitoring for all channels
• Trend
• Time stamp of alarms and events
• Self check
• Sensor excitation power overload
• RS 422-A or RS 485 serial port
• CAN net status, error handling

2.3 Functions RDi-32, digital input module

• 32 digital input channels with LED status indicator .
• Input dry contacts.
• Alarm and monitoring for all channels
• Trend
• Time stamp of alarms and events
• Self check
• Sensor excitation power overload
• RS 422-A or RS 485 serial port
• CAN net status, error handling

2.4 Functions RDi-32 A, digital input module 24VAC

• 32 digital input channels with LED status indicator.
• Input signal AC 50 – 70 Hz 24 V, or 24 V DC.
• Individual galvanic isolation, channel to channel.
• Alarm and monitoring for all channels
• Trend
• Time stamp of alarms and events
• Self check
• Sensor excitation power overload
• RS 422-A or RS 485 serial port
• CAN net status, error handling

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2.5 Functions RAi-10tc, thermo coupler module
• 10 thermo-coupler input channels.
• Scaled in technical units
• Limit check
• Alarm and monitoring for all channels
• Trend
• Time stamp of alarms and events
• Self check
• Sensor excitation power overload
• RS 422-A or RS 485 serial port
• CAN net status, error handling

2.6 Functions RDo-16, relay module

• 16 digital output channels with LED status indicator.
• Change over, brake before make relay-contacts, both NO and NC contacts.
• Pulse on output
• Pulse off output
• CAN net status, error handling

2.7 Functions RAo-8, analog output module

• 8 analog output channels.
• ± 10VDC / 0 – 20 mA
• CAN net status, error handling

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2.8 Functions RIO-C1, combi module C1
• 21 analog or digital, input and output channels with LED status indicator .
• 6 channels relays NO/NC & solenoid valve driver with loop fail detection
• 2 channels 24VDC pulse (pick-up input)
• 2 channels 0-30VAC
• 1 channel 0-1 AmpAC
• 4 channels flexible analog/digital input (ref. Rai-16)
• 4 channels digital inputs, dry contacts
• 2 channels analog output ±22mA
• Based on the above measurement following calculations can be done:
• KW calculation (active power)
• KVAr calculation (reactive power )
• AC current consumption
• Phase angle voltage/current (cosine φ)
• Phase angle between the two AC voltages
• Rotating machinery revolution per time unit and direction (from pick-up inputs)
• Alarm and monitoring for all channels
• Trend
• Time stamp of alarms and events
• Self check
• Sensor excitation power overload
• RS 422-A or RS 485 serial port
• CAN net status, error handling

2.9 Functions RIO-C2, combi module C2

• 8 input and 8 output channels with LED status indicator .
• 8 channels relays NO/NC
• 8 channels digital inputs, with possibility for 24VDC live input or dry contacts
• Alarm and monitoring for all channels
• Trend
• Time stamp of alarms and events
• Self check
• Sensor excitation power overload
• CAN net status, error handling

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2.10 Functions dPSC, dual Process Segment
Controller
• Dual two channel CAN gateway with separate and galvanic isolated processors
• Possible to power the two processors from separate power supplies
• High speed data-link between the two processors
• A node with CANopen master capability on all four CAN channels
• Redundant routing of messages between local and global CAN segments
• The four CAN channels are based on the ISO 11898 standard, with optical isolation.
Shortcircuit or malfunction on one CAN channel does not affect the other CAN
channel.
• Dual serial interface, galvanic isolated, RS422/485 to communicate with other vendors
equipment
• Various redundant application process control logic. When the dual PSC is controlling
the same Distributed Processing Units (DPU’s) they are working in parallel running the
same process algorithm

2.11 Functions PSS, Process Segment Starcoupler

• CAN bus repeater
• Driving 8 CAN bus lines, each maximum 250m
• Totally galvanic isolation between all bus lines, based on the ISO 11898 standard
• Improves any CAN bus topology

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 2.12 Functions RIO-C3, generator protection
module C3

• 16 analog or digital, input and output channels with LED status indicator .
• 4 channels relays NO/NC.
• 3 channels 0-30VAC
• 3 channel 0-5 AmpAC generator current (MSB side)
• 3 channel 0-5 AmpAC generator current (generator internal)
• 3 channels digital input, dry contacts
• Local 7-segment display, for indication of active protection function.
• Local reset-switch for reset of protection function.

• Based on the above measurement following calculations can be done:

• KW calculation (active power)
• KVAr calculation (reactive power )
• AC current consumption
• Phase angle voltage/current (cosine ϕ)

• Tripping of circuit breaker at:

• Short circuit
• Over current
• Reverse power
• Differential current.
• De-excitation of generator at:
• Differential current.

• Alarm and monitoring for all channels

• Trend
• Time stamp of alarms and events
• Self check
• Sensor excitation power overload
• CAN net status, error handling

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2.13 Functions RIO-C4, generator control module C4

• 17 analogue or digital, input and output channels with LED status indicator .
• 8 channels relays NO/NC.
• 2 channels 0-30VAC
• 1 channel 0-5 AmpAC generator current (MSB side)
• 4 channels digital input, dry contacts
• 2 channels analogue output

• Based on the above measurement following calculations can be done:

• KW calculation (active power)
• KVAr calculation (reactive power )
• AC current consumption
• Phase angle voltage/current (cosine ϕ)

• Power Management System:

• Synchronize & connect of generator CB.
• Synchronize & connect of bustie CB
• Start & stop of auxiliary diesel engine
• RPM setpoint control of auxiliary diesel engine
• Optional control of primer pump for AE
• Optional control of fuel selection for AE
• Optional AVR setpoint control

• Alarm and monitoring for all channels

• Trend
• Time stamp of alarms and events
• Self check
• Sensor excitation power overload
• CAN net status, error handling

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2.14 Functions VCC, Voltage Converter Controller

The VCC module is dedicated for use in main switchboards. The module secures the
installation of the C20 Power Management & Generator Protection installation, by
transforming the higher voltage to low and safe levels.
The VCC-440 module is equipped with 6 voltage transformers, 440 / 24 VAC.
The module has three major tasks to handle:
• Supply the C3 generator protection module with AC voltage from the measured three
phase generator busbars, L1-L2, L1-L3 and L2-L3, derated from 440 to 24 VAC.
• Supply the C3 generator protection module with a 24VDC power, with the generator
busbar (L2-L3) as a source.
• Supply the C4 power management module with single phase AC voltage from the
generator busbar L1-L2 and the swithcboard busbar L1-L2, derated from 440 to 24
VAC.

As an option the VCC module can be equipped with transformers based on the primary
voltage 690 VAC; VCC-690.

VCC-440

440V
Ubus
24V
L1-L2
TO C4 module

Ugen
440V 24V
L1-L2

Ugen
24V
L1-L2

24V
Ugen
440V TO C3 module
L1-L3

24V
Ugen
440V
L2-L3.
L1
L2
L3
24VDC TO C3 module

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2.15 Functions MEI, Main Engine Interface
The MEI module is a module with several types of digital and analogue inputs and outputs.
All inputs can be used to activate outputs and the values are also reported on CAN.

I/O on MEI.

24 Vdc

3 * 1/5/10kΩ 2 * +/- 20 mA / 0-10V

MEI
Main Engine Interface

5 * 4 - 20 mA 10 * Solenoide driver

14 * digital input 2 * digital output

2*CAN

− 24Vdc input (Power)

− 3 * potentiometer input, 3 wire connection (4.5V, wiper, 0V).
− 5 * current input, 3 wire connection. (24V, current input, 0V)
− 14 * digital input with line check
− 2 * current/voltage output +/-20mA and +/-10V.
− 10 * Solenoid driver with line check (broken only)
− 2 * Relay output, changeover contacts.
− 2 * CAN

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2.16 Functions ESU, Engine Safety Unit
The ESU module is a module with digital inputs and outputs. The module is supplied with
two independent power, with automatical changeover.
On this module some of the digital inputs are directly connected to the solenoid outputs, if
one of these inputs are activated the output immediately. All inputs can be used to activate
outputs and the values are also reported on CAN.

I/O on ESU.

24 Vdc 24 Vdc
Power 1 Power 2

9 x solenoid output
with loop check

15 x digital input
with loop check
ESU

4 x relay output

2*CAN
− Dual 24Vdc input (Power)
− 15 * digital input with line check
− 9 * Solenoid driver with line check (broken only).
− 4 * Relay output, changeover contacts.
− 2 * CAN

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2.17 Functions DGU, Digital Governor Unit
The DGU module is designed to communicate with external equipment on serial line or
CAN, and to communicate with ROS on global CAN.
All communication ports on the module are isolated.

I/O on DGU.

24 Vdc

2 * Communication
RS422

DGU
2 * Communication
CAN

2*CAN

− 24Vdc input (Power)

− 2 * serial line RS422.
− 2 * CAN
− 2 * CAN, gobal.

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2.18 Functions RPMU, RPM Unit

The RPMU module is a module with pickup input and two digital outputs, one relay output
and one solenoid driver output. The value from the pickups can be used to activate the
outputs and also to reported on CAN.

I/O on RPMU.

24 Vdc

Solenoid
Pick-up A driver
Pick-up B RPMU
Relay
output

2*CAN

− 24Vdc input (Power)

− 2 * pickup input 2 or 3 wire. NPN or PNP pickup required.
− 1 * Relay output, one changeover contact
− 1 * Solenoid driver
− 2 * CAN

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2.19 Functions PBT, Push Button Telegraph
The telegraph is a panel with 11 push buttons, the buttons have internal lamp to illuminate
the buttons. One direct connected emg. (emergency) switch.

I/O and principle drawing of the Telegraph.

24 Vdc

Telegraph
xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

Direct output from

Emg Emg. switch

2*CAN

− 24Vdc input (Power)

− 2 * CAN
− 1 * Direct connected switch

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2.20 Functions MPP, Multi Purpose Panel
The MPP is a multi purpose push button panel. Status from the push buttons are reported
on CAN. Back lightning are implemented on the panel.

I/O and principle drawing of the MPP.

− 24Vdc input (Power)

− 2 * CAN

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2.21 Functions MPD, Multi Purpose Display

The MPP is a multi purpose display. Data to display are received on from the MPP.

I/O and principle drawing of the MPD.

24 Vdc

MPD

− 24Vdc input (Power)

− Serial line to MPP

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2.22 Functions ACP, AutoChief Control Panel

The ACP includes display and “navigation wheel” to operate screen menus.
24 Vdc

Load speaker
ACP and line audio

USB host
USB device
USB OTG

LAN

RS422
Blue
RS232 tooth Blue tooth
module Wireless

2 * digital output

4 * 1/5/10k

2*CAN
− 24Vdc input (Power)
− Load speaker output
− Audio line output
− Three USB (host, device and OTG)
− LAN
− RS422 isolated
− RS232 not ssolated
− 2 * digital output. Relays with one change over contact.
− 2 * CAN

AU-0663-E 28
2.23 Local Operator Stations
Local Operator Stations (LOS) used in a Alarm & Monitoring System:

- Display Line # 1 : Menu Name Line -----------

- Display Line # 2 : Top Menu Item /Selection Line
- Display Line # 3 :
- Display Line # 4 : Prompt Texts for F1,F2,F3,F4

Menu Defaul Enter

Button Arrow t Button
Button

Figure 2-3 Local Operator Station, LOS

AU-0663-E 29
2.24 Midi Operator Stations, MOS

The MOS will give the operator the possibility to:

• Monitor the status of an object, all from a single input signal to a controllable
object.
• Be informed of any process- or system alarm, be means of visual and audible
signals.
• Interface to a printer for alarmlog purpose.
• Control the process by means of built-in pushbuttons and graphical feedback.
• Reconfigure the distributed database located in the DPU’s, by means of
numeric and alphanumeric inputs.

Figure 2-4 Midi Operator Station, MOS

AU-0663-E 30
3 COMMON DESIGN FEATURES

3.1 Distributed Processing System, an example

The figure 1-4 illustrates a small Distributed Processing System with:
1. Two cabinets including one RAi-16, one RDi-32 and one LOS
2. One cabinet including one RDo-16 DS-401
3. One cabinet including one RAo-8 DS-401
The RAi-16 AM is a module with 16 configurable analog input channels, the AM-
extension indicates that the module has Alarm & Monitoring functionality included in the
software.
The RDi-32 and RDi 32 A are modules with 32 digital input channels, also with Alarm &
Monitoring functionality included.
The RDo-16 is a output relay-module with 16 channels, the DS-401 extension indicates
that the module is a standard CANopen I/O-device. The AM-functionality includes also
programmable logic to drive the relay-module via redundant CAN. An alarm group relay
can be used to drive remote acoustic/visual alarm indicators to indicate that the DPU
detects an alarm state or to indicate the urgency of the alarm.
The RAo-8 is a module with 8 analog output channels, configurable for +-10VDC or 0-
20mA. The DS-401 extension indicates that the module is a standard CANopen I/O-device.
The AM-functionality includes also configurable logic to copy any analog input channel in
a RAi-16 module to any analog output channel in the RAo-8, via redundant CAN.
The example indicates cabinets with maximum two DPUs, but bigger cabinets are
available. Details regarding cabinet size and organization of different DPUs are provided
in the installation drawings for your installation.

32 x 32 x
Digital RDi-32 Digital RDi-32
ALARM AM ALARM AM
INPUTS INPUTS
ROS / GW no.1 ROS / GW no.2

16 x 16 x
Analog RAi-16 Analog RAi-16
ALARM AM ALARM AM
INPUTS INPUTS

CAN1

CAN2

LOS LOS

RDO-16 16 x ALARM RAo-8 8x Instrument

DS401 OUTPUTS DS401 OUTPUTS
Local Operator Local Operator
Station (LOS) Station (LOS)

Figure 3-4 Example of a Distributed Processing System

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3.2 Controller Area Network
CAN is a serial bus system with multi-master capabilities, that is, all CAN nodes are able
to transmit data and several CAN nodes can request the bus simultaneously. A transmitter
sends a message to all CAN nodes (broadcasting). Each node decide on the basis of the
identifier received whether it should process the message or not. The identifier also
determines the priority that the message enjoys in competition for bus access.

One of the outstanding features of the CAN protocol is its high transmission reliability.
The CAN controller registers a stations error and evaluates it statistically in order to take
appropriate measures. These may extend to disconnecting the CAN node producing the
errors.

3.3 CANopen
CANopen is a family of communication profiles based on CANopen additional
functionality such as standardized communication for process data, service data, network
management, synchronization, time-stamping and emergency messages. The CANopen
Communication Profile (CiA DS-301) supports both direct access to device parameters and
time-critical process data communication. CANopen unleashes the full power of CAN by
allowing direct peer to peer data exchange between nodes in an organized manner. The
network management functions specified in CANopen simplify project design,
implementation and diagnosis by providing standard mechanisms for network start-up and
error management.

CANopen supports both-cyclic and event-driven communication. This makes it possible to

reduce the bus load to a minimum but still maintaining extremely short reaction times.

3.4 Process Signal Handling

The Distributed Processing Units are directly connected to the process sensors and
actuators. This chapter describes the handling of different process signals.

AU-0663-E 32
3.5 Analog input signal handling

In the DPU RAi-16, signal conditioning network makes it possible to adapt to almost any
analog input signal type and range. All analog signals are then treated in the same way, by
an analog input handler. This chapter describes the design.

Purpose
Based on the 16 bit raw-data ADC value the Analog Input Handler function shall
produce :

• Scaled value technical & %

• Filtered value
• Gradient value
• Alarm & event status
• Instrument fail status

Functions and Features

The module covers the following functionality:

• Scaling of the 16 bit raw-data ADC value into an engineering value and % value.
• Second order low pass filtering (Butterworth) of the scaled value.
• Derivation of the scaled value producing a Gradient value.
• Update Alarm and event status.
• Update Instrument Fail status.

The analog scaling function converts the measured raw value to an engineering value with
range corresponding to the instruments input range.

The PT100 and the PT1000 channel types are scaled in the same way but with different
input data tables. Each of the PT types has it’s own table which defines temperature versus
raw data value.

The filter function ( A second order low pass filter) uses an adjustable time constant,
which defines the cut-off frequency for the filter. The time constant resolution is 0.1 sec. A
time constant = 0 disables the filter, hence the lowest cut-off frequency is 10 Hz with the
time constant set to 0.1 sec.

The instrument fail (IF) check is dependent of the channel type, and is divided in three
categories:
• The instrument fail check for the digital inputs is done in the analogue to digital
conversion part
• For the analog inputs the Instrument Failure status is defined as follows :
1. Activation of IF when the sensor value exceeds the full scale limits with more
than 5 %.
2. Deactivation of IF when sensor value is within full scale range.

AU-0663-E 33
• The instrument fail check for the Ptxxx inputs is done the same way as for the analog
channels, but now the instrument fail limits are based on the engineering unit high and
engineering unit low :
1. Activation of IF when temperature exceeds the engineering limits with more than
5 %.
2. Deactivation of IF when temperature is within engineering range.

Alarm & Event status update

Each alarm & event limit can be enabled individually. If enabled, the alarm and event
status will be updated, otherwise the corresponding status is cleared.

The filtered value is compared with 4 alarm and 4 event limits. The corresponding alarm
and event status are updated as follows :

1. LL = ON, if Filtered_value < alarm_LL limit.

2. L = ON, if Filtered_value < alarm_L limit.
3. H = ON, if Filtered_value > alarm_H limit.
4. HH = ON, if Filtered_value > alarm_HH limit.
5. Ev_1 = ON, if Filtered_value > event_1 limit.
6. Ev_2 = ON, if Filtered_value > event_2 limit.
7. Ev_3 = ON, if Filtered_value > event_3 limit.
8. Ev_4 = ON, if Filtered_value > event_4 limit.

Gradient calculation with alarm status

The gradient calculation can be enabled or disabled during project configuration or
commissioning. The calculation uses the unfiltered value as input, and in order to make
the gradient more robust against noise, it is calculated based on a moving average over
the three last samples.

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3.6 Digital input signal handling
Normally the DPU RDi-32 is used to interface to digital input signals, dry contacts or RDi-
32 A, voltage. In the DPU RAi-16 it is also possible to adapt to digital input signals,
mostly used when there is a need for sensor line monitoring (loop failure detection). All
digital signals are then treated in the same way, by a digital input handler. This chapter
describes the design.

Based on the raw-data value the Digital Input Handler function provides the following
functionality:

• Monitoring of digital input status

• Monitoring of line status
• ON-transition delay of input signal
• OFF-transition delay of input signal
• Inversion of input signal.
• Update of alarm status
• Update of event status

Digital Input
Handler

Fail
Line Check

OK

check inversion

Check delays

Update Alarm & Event

Update instr. fail status
status

finished

Figure 3-6 Digital Input handler flowchart

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Instrument failure update

If a line failure is detected (SHORT or BROKEN), the events and alarms are cleared. On
return from line failure, the events and alarms are updated immediately regardless of any
specified delay.

Alarm and event status update.

The delayed input value is used for detection of events and alarms. For an event or alarm to
be active, the corresponding event must be enabled.

If no line error, the input is inverted according to the parameter invert and delays are
checked :

Input Delay Check

Input No
Yes
Changed

Timer
Expired

Yes

dig value = input

on-delay off-delay both

Delay
defined

input input
input
low high
low high
No

Yes Yes

dig value = dig value =

input set
dig value = input off-timer
input
set set set
on-timer off-timer on-timer

Finished

Figure 3-7 Digital Input handler delay checking flowchart

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3.7 Counter input signal handling

In the DPU RAi-16, signal conditioning network makes it possible to adapt to almost any
analog input signal type and range at 16 channels. In addition one channel is fixed for
interface to 24VDC frequency signals with maximum 500Hz. This chapter describes the
design.

Purpose
Based on the counter raw data values the Counter Input Handler function calculates :

• Scaled technical value

• Filtered value
• Alarm & event status

Functions and Features

The module covers the following functionality:

• Three types of Modes :

• Counter Event mode : No scaling is performed.
• Counter Frequency mode : Scaling according to input pulse frequency.
• Counter Time mode : Scaling of time between pulses.
• Second order low pass Butterworth filtering of the scaled value.
• Update Alarm and event status

Detailed Description
• Counter Event mode
The counter is operating in a pulse accumulating mode, i.e. counting each incoming
pulse. The counter content is eventually filtered, reported or a base for alarm- or
event checking. In this mode t is possible to activate a separate HW filter
algorithm, by activating an external switch.
Typical application is “total fuel consumption” measurement.
• Frequency mode
The counter is measuring the time between incoming pulses. By using the
time-base and no. of pulses pr. unit parameters, engineering units can be
calculated.
Typical application is “ship speed” where the time-base is HOURS and number of
pulses equal 200 pulses pr. nautical mile.
• Counter Time mode
Measuring time between pulses, presenting the result in units specified by
the time-base.

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3.8 Digital output signal handling

The relay-module RDo-16 is a unit with which receives relay setpoints over the redundant
CAN bus. It has no alarm & monitoring functionality of its own. Any alarm group relay
logic must be organized in the Alarm & Monitoring intelligent modules RAi-16 or RDi-32.
All digital output tags will be hosted in a DPU with AM-functionality, a DS401 Digital
output client will be able to read these tags and send setpoints to the appropriate relay
module.

The RDo-16 is a standard relay-module and uses the concept of device profiles defined in
the CANopen DS401 standard.

tag ref tag #x

DO-
tag ref
handler
tag #x
tag ref tag #x tag #1
DO- tag #2
tag ref tag #x tag #3 DS401
handler
DO- Dig.outp.
handler
DO- client
handler tag#16

RAi-16
DS401 Tx-PDO

PDO transmit

CAN BUS

CAN BUS

RDo-16
DO #1
DO #2
DS401 DO #3
Dig.outp.
server
DO #16

Figure 3-8 Digital Output handler

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3.9 Analog output signal handling

Within the DPS it is possible to configure a Analog Output Handler to read any analog
input signal tag, take a copy and then re-scale and convert to a +-10VDC or 0-20mA
output signal, called instrument output. This makes it possible to i.e. install a RAo-8 in a
engine control room panel to drive 8 instruments. The source for these instrument signals
are analog inputs at different RAi-16 modules, located far away from the control room
panel.

The analog output-module RAo-8 is a unit with capability to read analog setpoints over the
redundant CAN bus. It has no alarm & monitoring functionality of its own. Any analog
output handler logic must be organized in the Alarm & Monitoring intelligent module RAi-
16. All analog output tags will be hosted in a DPU with AM-functionality, a DS401
Analog output client will be able to read these tags and send setpoints to the appropriate
analog output module.

The RAo-8 is a standard analog output-module and uses the concept of device profiles
defined in the CANopen DS401 standard.

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 tag ref tag #x

AO-
tag ref
handler
tag #x
tag ref tag #x tag #1
AO- tag #2 DS401
tag ref tag #x tag #3
handler
AO- Analog
handler
AO- Output
handler client
tag#16

RAi-16
DS401 Tx-PDO

PDO transmit

CAN BUS

CAN BUS

AO #1
DS401 AO #2
Analog AO #3
output.
server
AO #8

RAo-8

Figure 3-9 Analog Output handler

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3.10 Process signal simulation
Purpose
The simulation module is used to simulate input values. It produces sine wave, saw tooth
and square wave signals. The DPU Simulation function calculates simulated input values
for analog and digital input channels. DPU simulation is done independent for each
channel.
DPU input simulation is used to bypass the input sampling of the analog and digital input
channels.
Input signals can be replaced by a time-cycle automatically generated externally or by a
manually entered constant value.

Functions and Features

The following functionality is covered:
• Generation of pre-defined sequences
• Sine wave curves
• Square curves
• Triangular (saw tooth) curves
• Cyclic or one shot can be specified
• Externally supplied simulated values (manual value)

Sine wave curve

The figure below illustrates how the amplitude, offset and period time is defined for a sine
wave curve. Offset and amplitude is given in counts corresponding to an A/D converter
reading.
counts

10000

ampl =4500

offset =5500
1000

t=100s t=220s
0
t
period = 120s

start_time

Figure 3-10 Sine Wave Scaling Parameters

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 Square wave curve

Square wave simulation is done according to the curve below. The figure below
illustrates how the scaling parameters are defined for a square wave. Offset and
amplitude are given in counts corresponding to an A/D converter reading.

counts

20000

ampl =18000

2000
offset =2000
t=450s t=550s
0
t
period = 100s

start_time

Figure 3-11 Square Wave Scaling Parameters

Triangular wave curve

Saw tooth wave simulation is then done according to the curve below. The figure below
shows how the amplitude, offset and period time is defined. Amplitude value and offset is
given counts related to the A/D converter output.
counts

10000

ampl =9000

1000

t=220s offset =1000

t=100s
0
t
period = 120s

start_time

Figure 3-12 Triangular Wave Scaling Parameters

Constant value
Constant value simulation is a simple transfer of a constant value to the simulated output.
This value can me generated by an external process or entered by the operator.

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3.11 Alarm & Event Handling
The DPS Alarm & Event Handler function monitors the alarm and event status for a
given input channel. Changes in status are signaled as events to the ROS. Events are
stored until requested by the ROS.

The unit is developed to handle both analog and digital input signals according to the
modular structure of the DPS concept. Alarms may occur on both input and output
channels.

The module covers the following functionality:

• Detection of alarms and events
• Alarm Delay handling
• Alarm and event suppression (inhibit)
• Inhibit Delay handling
• Alarm and event time stamping
• Alarm Acknowledge
• Signaling of events and alarms
• Storage of alarm and event history
• Packing and sending of event stored in the list

Alarm / Event Detection Function

Events that can be detected are different for analog and digital signals.

For analog input/output channels there are 4 events and 7 alarms:

Alarm High High Event 4

Alarm High Event 3
Alarm Low Event 2
Alarm Low Low Event 1
Gradient Alarm
Instrument Fail High
Instrument Fail Low

These 11 status signals are maintained by the Analog Input or Output handler
function module.

For digital input/output channels there are 2 events and 7 alarms:

Alarm High Event High

Alarm Low Event Low
Line Short
Line Broken

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 These 6 status signals are maintained by the Digital Input or Output handler
function module.

When a change in status for one of the alarms or events is detected, an event is
created and added to the history list.

Functional Description
Except for the alarm delay, acknowledge and inhibit, alarms and events are
basically the same. They are treated the same way by the A&E handler.

Alarm Delay handling

For the alarms with delay (LL,L,H,HH), on- and off-delays are checked before the
event is issued. LL and HH alarms for one channel uses the same delay. L and H
alarms for one channel also uses a common delay. The delay time resolution is 100
ms.

AU-0663-E 44
 Check Delay
Alarm Delay Logic

Al.Input
Yes
Changed

Any Delay ALARM =

No No
defined Al.Input

Delay
Timer
set On-delay Yes
only
Yes
Al-Input

Off-delay
Timer Yes
only
Expired On
Off
Al-Input On
Yes

ALARM = No ALARM =
No
Al.Input Off Al.Input

High now Yes

reset Timer No

set TImer = set TImer =

Off-delay On-delay

Next Alarm

Figure 3-13 Alarm Delay Flowsheet

Detection of alarm and events

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Each kind of event is checked as illustrated by the flowsheet below. Alarm detection is
based upon the delayed alarm status. This function also takes care of the time stamping.
The function logic is shown in the diagram below.

Check Event_x (Alarm_x) Alarm Detection Function

Event Active No

Yes
Last_Event
active

Last_Event
Yes
active

event_time = system_time
No tag_number = current tag
event_type = EV_x_DOWN

event_time = system_time
tag_number = current tag
event_type = EV_x_UP

Add to Event History

Send Event to the CAN bus

Last_Event = Event

Next Event (Alarm)

Figure 3-14 Alarm / Event Detection

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Inhibit (Alarm Suppression)
Each alarm tag can be configured to use any other tag in the DPS as a inhibit source. The
same inhibit is valid for all alarm types (L, LL, H, HH and GR) on one channel (tag).
Events and instrument failures are not affected by inhibit. After inhibit is received, no
alarms is issued until the inhibit is released again. If the alarm status is active at the time of
inhibit , the alarms is automatically returned. If the alarm status is active at the time of
inhibit release, a new alarm is issued if the ON-delay timer has expired. "Inhibit Set" and
"Inhibit Release" is stored as events in the module's alarm and event history list.

Separate ON and OFF delays may be specified for inhibit.

Alarm Acknowledge
There is only one acknowledge command/ status for each channel (tag). This acknowledge
is valid for all types of alarm related to the specific channel. When the acknowledge is
received, the ACK event is stored in the module's alarm and event history list. Any new
alarm will reset the ACK status for the channel.

3.12 Exhaust gas Deviation & Mean Value Calculation

Purpose
Based on each cylinders temperature the Exhaust Gas alarm Handler function calculates
:
• Exhaust gas mean value
• Exhaust gas deviation alarm limits
• Temperature corrections for each cylinder
• Deviation Alarm for each cylinder
• Mean temperature alarm
Functions and Features
The module covers the following functionality:
• Calculates Exhaust Gas Mean temperature
• Calculates Exhaust Gas deviation alarm limits
• Updates Exhaust Gas Mean temperature alarm
• Updates Exhaust Gas deviation alarms for each cylinder
Design
The module is divided in two functions, The Exhaust Gas mean temperature function and
the Exhaust Gas deviation function. The Mean temperature function calculates the mean
temperature and checks for alarm on this, it also calculates the deviation temperature limits
and correction temperature for each cylinder. The deviation temperature function checks
for deviation alarm based on the calculations done by the mean temperature function.

AU-0663-E 47
 Exhaust
Mean The figure shows the sequence of
Handler execution for the two functions :

Calc. Mean temp. Exhaust Mean handler Function

The Exhaust Mean handler function
Calc. dev. alarm calculates the mean temperature for
limits maximum 16 cylinders. Based on the
calculated mean temperature value, the
Update Mean deviation alarm limits used by the Exhaust
temp. alarms deviation function is calculated.
The Exhaust mean handler function also
finished calculates each cylinders
correction_temp value which the
exhaust deviation function uses to
normalize the cylinder temperature before
the deviation alarm check is performed.

Exhaust Exhaust Mean temperature

Deviation The temperature for each cylinder is
Handler generated by separate tag channels. These
tag channels are linked to the Exhaust
Update Dev. temp. Mean handler function through the array
alarm temp_ref[16], this array contains the
index to each cylinders local data area.
finished The mean temp can be calculated in the
following way :

Dynamic deviation limits

The dynamic exhaust temperature deviation alarm limits are specified as shown in the
figure below.

AU-0663-E 48
 Cylinder Exhaust
Temperature

°C

Alarm
600
Zone
500
dtH : Cylinder Exh. temp
Deviation high
limit at Mean temp
400 high limit

300
Alarm
200
Zone
dtL : Cylinder Exh. temp
Deviation low limit
at Mean temp low
100 limit

Engine Mean
Temperature
100 200 300 400 500 600 °C

mtB : Mean temp. alarm mtH : Mean temp.

Alarms are Inhibited blocking limt high alarm limt
in this area

Figure 3-15 Exhaust Deviation alarm

From the figure we can express the deviation alarm limit as a function of engine mean
temperature :

dtH − dtL
Dev _ temp _ lim it ( Meantemp) = ∗ ( Meantemp − mtB) + dtL
mtH − mtB

Correction temperature calculation

Each cylinder's correction temperature is calculated only on request from the operator. This
is normally done when the engine is running in steady state at 100% load. The reason for
using a correction temperature is that all cylinders have their own normal operating
temperatures which normally is not equal to the engine mean temperature. By Adding the
correction temperature to the real cylinder temperature, the cylinders temperature is

AU-0663-E 49
normalized so that the deviation alarm limits are valid for all cylinders. The correction
temperature is calculated in the following way :

Correction_temp = Meantemp - RealCylindertemp

This calculation is done for all the cylinders and stored in each cylinders
correction_temp parameter.

Update of Exhaust Mean temperature alarms

The Exhaust mean temperature function updates two alarms:

1. Mean _ temp _ H _ alarm = Meantemp > mtH

2. Mean _ temp _ HH _ alarm = Meantemp > mtHH

The Mean temperature high alarm is often used as an engine slowdown criteria, and the
high high alarm as a shutdown criteria.

Exhaust Deviation handler Function

The purpose of using separate Exhaust Deviation handler for each cylinder is that this
makes it possible to generate extra alarms for an analog input tag channel which in this
case is the cylinder temperature. This function updates the Exhaust deviation alarm status
in the following way

Cylinder_normalised_temp = RealCylindertemp + Correction_temp

Cylinder_deviation_alarm = Cylinder_normalised_temp > Dev_temp_limit(Meantemp)

3.13 Installation and Cabling

All DPUs are wall-mounted, fastened with four screws. Normally the DPU’s are delivered
as a system, mounted inside cabinets of different size. The DPU’s itself has only a IP 20
protection, so an extra encapsulation is necessary to obtain IP 54. Details regarding cable
size, connections etc. are provided in the installation drawings for your installation.

3.14 Commissioning
Each DPU, LOS and MOS contains identification and address information as part of its
software program. This information allows each unit to identify itself to the “plug and
play” function of the ROS software program. When the units are connected to the
Controller Area Network (CAN), the ROS software program searches, identifies and
connects each DPU’s, LOS and MOS to its (resident) server/computer.

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3.15 Test facilities, fault finding and repair
All DPU modules are equipped with LED’s to indicate status of the unit. A special “watch
dog” red led is used to indicate that the unit has failed totally or not initialized with system
software. Chapter 5.3 describes the leds on the unit. If a DPU has failed, simply replace
the failed unit with a replacement spare unit.

3.16 Communication with the Server (DataChief® C20

or Equivalent System)
Alarms are received by the Alarm & Monitoring System’s remote operator station via a
Local Area Network (LAN). The Distributed Processing System forwards these alarms
and other communication via its dual/redundant Controller Area Network (CAN). Both
the LAN and CAN are commercial communication networks using standard protocols.

3.17 Self-Check Function

The ROS software program monitors communication with each DPU connected to the
CAN. A SYSTEM FAIL alarm is initiated when the DPU has failed or communication
with the DPU is lost. Each DPU is in addition capable of monitoring itself. Internal
module temperature, memory quality and CAN bus status are examples of self-check
functions.

3.18 Changing Operational Data

The basic data which can be defined from the server/computer via the MCU and OCP, or
the PC and its keyboard, is sensor calibration, alarm limits and delays, ref chapter 2.

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3.19 Power Requirements and Power Consumption
18 VDC to 32 VDC ±5 % ripple
The maximum power consumption is for each DPU is:
• RAi-16: 16 –18 watts per unit.
• RDi-32: 8 watts per unit.
• RD0-16: 8 watts per unit.
• RAo-8: 12 - 15 watts per unit
• RAi-10tc: 14 watts per unit
• RIO-C1: 10 watts per unit
• RIO-C2: 8 watts per unit
• DPSC: 2 x 8 watts per unit
• PSS: 2.4 watts per unit
• RIO-C3: 15 watts per unit
• RIO-C4: 15 watts per unit
• VCC 12 watts per unit
• MOS: 10 watts per unit
•

3.20 Environmental and Physical Data

3.20.1 Operational Ambient Temperature

• Max temp. range: -15°C to + 70°C (-25oC for PBT, MPP and MPD)
• Max rel. humidity: 96% non-condensing

3.20.2 Storage temperature

• –25°C to +70°C in a dry area with approximately 70% humidity.

3.20.3 Shock and vibration:

• DnV Class B
• IACS E10 ( Direct mount on engines, compressors etc )

3.20.4 EMC properties:

• According to IACS E10
• IEC 60945

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4 OPERATOR INTERACTION (HMI)

The operation of the DPS is primary done from one or more ROS, normally located in the
engine control room. Secondary limited operations can be done from the LOS, located
more close to the process, i.e. in a DPU cabinet.

Reference : DataChief C20 Instruction Manual, Doc no AD-00377

Reference : Midi Operator Station Instruction Manual, Doc no AD-00432

4.1 Remote Operator Station (ROS)

As the figure 1-17 indicates, a ROS may consist of the following units:
• Colorgraphic monitor
• Main computer unit (PC)
• Alarm/Log printer
• Standard keyboard
• Operator Control Panel (OCP)

The ROS is the main operator station in a DC-C20 system.

Figure 4-17 ROS units

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4.2 Local Operator Station (LOS)

The Local Operator Station (LOS) is an optional HMI panel in the DataChief system. The
purpose of the LOS is to enable the operator local access to the distributed input/output
modules for inspection of process variables, local operation of equipment, simulation of
input/output signals, adjustment of parameters and inspection of the built-in diagnostics.

Local access to a distributed unit is established via a menu on the panel-display. As soon as
the logical connection is established, the panel will assign the display control to the
connected distributed module. The dialog itself is defined by the downloaded functionality
of the distributed module. All modules connected to the same process-bus as the LOS are
accessible by the operator.

Figure 4-18 LOS front panel

4.3 Midi Operator Station (MOS)

The Midi Operator Station (MOS) is an optional HMI panel in the DataChief system. The
purpose of the MOS is to enable the operator local access to the distributed input/output
modules for inspection of process variables, local operation of equipment, simulation of
input/output signals, adjustment of parameters and inspection of the built-in diagnostics.

4.4 Commissioning tool (PC)

The commissioning tool is a name for a PC with appropriate software to do commissioning
and service on a DC-C20. Software tools may change over time, but normally it consists
of a database and configuration tool, from which the service engineer can upload and
download configuration data from/to the DPU’s. The portable PC is for a short time period
being connected to the CAN bus for the commissioning or service. From the portable PC
it is also possible to run CAN bus analyzer tool to monitor and record bus traffic.

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