Graded Assignment # 2

Total Marks: 25
Semester: SPRING 2023 Due Date:
PHYSICS (PHY101) 24th July, 2023

BC220412008
Objective:

The assignment has been designed to enhance your knowledge and understanding about Laws of
Physics and application of Physics in our daily life.

Instructions:

 Please read the following instructions carefully before solving & submitting assignment:
 To solve this assignment, you should have good command over 16 to 38 video lectures.
 The assignment will not be accepted after due date.
 Zero marks will be awarded to the assignment that does not open or the file is corrupt.
 The assignment file must be an MS word (doc) file format; Assignment will not be
accepted in any other format.
 Use Math Type or Equation Editor etc for mathematical symbols.
 Zero marks will be awarded to the assignment if copied (from other student or copied
from handouts or internet).
 Don’t wait for the last date to submit your assignment.

For any query about the assignment, contact only phy101@vu.edu.pk

Do not post queries related to assignment on MDB.

Question #1 Marks = 05

Is it true or wrong to say that Current decreases when passing through a resistor and then
increases again upon exiting? Provide a good argument for your answer, whether it is yes or no.

Answer: False. Current decreases when passing through a resistor but does not increase upon
exiting. According to Ohm's Law, current is inversely proportional to resistance. As current
flows through a resistor, resistance causes a decrease in current. It does not increase again unless
influenced by other components in the circuit.

Question #2 Marks = 05

Using the law of Physics, explain this concept, “why do waves changes path when their speed
changes”? Explain this phenomenon, for instance, using the mechanical comparison in the photo
shown.

Solution:

When waves encounter a change in speed, they undergo refraction, a phenomenon explained by
the laws of physics. Refraction occurs as waves transition between media with varying wave
speeds. As an analogy, consider a car moving from a road to an icy surface shown in the photo.
The car's speed changes due to reduced traction, causing it to shift towards the right. Similarly,
waves change path during refraction as they enter media with different wave speeds. This change
is governed by Snell's Law, which relates the change in wave speed to the change in direction.
Thus, waves adjust their path to maintain a continuous waveform while adapting to varying
speeds.
Question # 3 Marks = 05

A physics student asserted that he had determined that a substance (material) had a refractive
index of 0.85. Give your professional judgement on this claim. Give a good argument to support
it or negate it.

Answer: The claim that a substance has a refractive index of 0.85 is highly unlikely and
inconsistent with established principles in optics. The refractive index is a dimensionless
quantity that represents the ratio of the speed of light in a vacum to the speed of lig0ht in a given
material. By definition, refractive index vaues must be equal to or greater than 1. A refractive
index of 0.85 would suggest that light travels faster in the material than in a vacum, which
contradicts our understanding of light propaation. Therefore, it is implusible to suport the claim
of a refrctive index of 0.85 for any matrial.

Question # 4 Marks = 10

What portion (percentage) of this iceberg lies beneath the surface of the water? Use the density
values listed in the figure. Use the law of physics to compute it.

Answer

The portion above the surface will be (1 - Psub). The densities given are as follows:
Density of iceberg (Pxe) = 977 kg/m^3

Density of water (ph20) = 1090 kg/m^3

According to the principle of buoyancy, an object floats if its density is less than the density of
the fluid it is in.

To find the submerged portion, we can calculate the ratio of the densities:

Psub = Pxe / ph20

Psub = 977 kg/m^3 / 1090 kg/m^3

Psub ≈ 0.895

Therefore, approximately 89.5% of the iceberg lies beneath the surface of the water.

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