Psoriasis Disease

Psoriasis is a skin condition that causes red, flaky, patches of skin covered with silvery
scales. These patches normally appear on your elbows, knees, scalp and lower back, but
can appear anywhere on your body. Most people are only affected with small patches.
In some cases, the patches can be itchy or sore.
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition that causes the rapid buildup of skin cells.
This buildup of cells causes scaling on the skin’s surface.
Inflammation and redness around the scales is fairly common. Typical psoriatic scales
are whitish-silver and develop in thick, red patches. Sometimes, these patches will crack
and bleed.
Psoriasis is the result of a sped-up skin production process. The normal people Typically,
skin cells grow deep in the skin and slowly rise to the surface. Eventually, they fall off.
The typical life cycle of a skin cell is one month.
In people with psoriasis, this production process may occur in just a few days. Because
of this, skin cells don’t have time to fall off. This rapid overproduction leads to the
buildup of skin cells.
They may develop anywhere on the body, including the:
 hands
 feet
 neck
 scalp
 face
  ears
 elbows
 knees
 nails
Less common types of psoriasis affect the nails, the mouth, and the area around
genitals.

The most common symptoms of psoriasis include:

 red patches of skin

 scaly, sometimes silvery, skin patches
 itchy skin

There are several types of psoriasis including:

 Plaque psoriasis.
 Nail psoriasis
 Gutted psoriasis
 Inverse psoriasis
 Pustular psoriasis. 
 Erythrodermas psoriasis
 Psoriatic arthritis

skin infections.
• Weather, especially cold, dry conditions.
• Injury to the skin, such as a cut or scrape, a bug bite.
• Stress.
• Smoking and severe sunburn exposure to secondhand smoke
Heavy alcohol consumption

Treatments may include:

  vitamin D creams, such as calcipotriene (Dovonex) and calcitrol (Rocaltrol)
to reduce the rate that skin cells grow
 topical retinoids, to help reduce inflammation
 medication like tazarotene (Tazorac, Avage)
 applications of coal tar, either by cream, oil, or shampoo
 biologics, a category of anti-inflammatory drugs

Treatments

To treat gutted psoriasis your doctor may prescribe steroid creams, light therapy, and oral
medications. Determining the underlying cause of the infection can also help to clear
gutted psoriasis. If a bacterial infection caused the condition, antibiotics may help.

Vitiligo Disease
Vitiligo is a condition in which the skin loses its pigment cells (melanocytes). This can
result in discolored patches in different areas of the body, including the skin, hair and
mucous membranes. Vitiligo is a disease that causes loss of skin color in patches.
Vitiligo is caused by the lack of a pigment called melanin in the skin. Melanin is
produced by skin cells called melanocytes, and it gives your skin its color. In vitiligo,
there are not enough working melanocytes to produce enough melanin in your skin.
This causes white patches to develop on your skin or hair.
Vitiligo usually begins with a few small white patches that may gradually spread over the
body over the course of several months. Vitiligo typically begins on the hands, forearms,
feet, and face but can develop on any part of the body, including the mucous
membranes (moist lining of the mouth, nose, genital, and rectal areas), the eyes, and
inner ears.
Sometimes the larger patches continue to widen and spread, but usually they stay in the
same place for years. The location of smaller macules shifts and changes over time, as
certain areas of skin lose and regain their pigments. Vitiligo varies in the amount of skin
affected, with some patients experiencing few depigmented areas and others with
widespread loss of skin color
Vitiligo can be:
• Generalized, which is the most common type, when macules appear in various places
on the body.
• Segmental, which is restricted to one side of the body or one area, such as the hands
or face.
• Mucosal, which affects mucous membranes of the mouth and/or the genitals.
• Focal, which is a rare type in which the macules are in a small area and do not spread
in a certain pattern within one to two years.
• Trichrome, which means that there is a white or colorless center, then an area of
lighter pigmentation, and then an area of normally colored skin.
• Universal, another rare type of vitiligo, and one in which more than 80% of the skin of
the body lacks pigment.
Symptoms of vitiligo include the following:
Patches of skin lose color.
This can include the eyes and/or the mucous membranes in your mouth or nose.
Patches of hair on your head or face turn prematurely gray or white.
vitiligo is a skin condition in which patches of skin loses their color.
The total area of skin that can be affected by vitiligo varies between individuals. It can
also affect the eyes, the inside of mouth, and the hair. In most cases, the affected areas
remain discolored for the rest of the person’s life.
The condition is photosensitive. This means that the areas that are affected will be more
sensitive to sunlight than those that are not.
Common areas include:
  backs of the hands
 arms
 eyes
 knees
 elbows
 feet
 mouth
 armpit and groin
 nose
 navel
 genitals and rectal area

Treatment
There is no "cure" for vitiligo. Sometimes patches go away on their own. But when that
doesn't happen, doctors can prescribe treatments that might help even out skin tone.
Some of these treatments are things you can try at home; others are done by a doctor.