25-Mar-20

Decision Mathematics/ Rujuk Soalan T10 No.5

Matematik Keputusan

Application of Gantt Chart/

Penggunaan Carta Gantt
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Example 4.1 page 101

Carta Gantt
Sumber: Decision Mathematics 1 by Keith Parramore, Joan Stephens, Chris Compton & Geoff Rigby

Jane, Sue and Meena share a flat.

Jane has an interview at 9 c’clock, She is panicking because it is ten past eight already and she think she
won’t get there on time.
“Don’t worry”, says Sue. “I’m already dressed so I’ll go and get your car from the garage and Meena will
iron your clothes. You shower and dry your hair; you’ve got bags of time.”
Has Jane “bags of time” with all this help or not?

Aktiviti MESTI Pengiraaan Jumlah Apungan Activity Preceding Duration (minutes)

berlaku Rumus: activites B(8)
A(3)
A Shower - 3
Aktiviti Masa peristiwa terlewat – D(12)
MUNGKIN tempoh peristiwa – masa B Dry Hair A 8
berlaku peristiwa terawal C Fetch Car - 7
E(10)
D Iron Clothes - 12 C(7)
Contoh Akt. A = 9-4-0
=5 E Dress and B, D 10
Akt. C = 20-9-4 make-up
F(20)
=7 F Drive to C, E 20
interview
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Akt Float D E F
A
B
1
1
C Resource Levelling
A B
C 15
D 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 46 48 50 • A project requires resources to execute the activities.
Number of people

3
E 0
2 • These resources include the labor, equipment and materials
F 0
1 required to get the work done.
• In the ideal world, resources are unlimited and available as
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 46 48 50 required.
D E F • Yet, resources are generally not unlimited and the project
team needs to “level” out the use and consumption of
A B C
resources.
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 46 48 50
Number of people

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Resource Levelling Scheduling Diagram

• The people responsible for completing the activities in a
• Depends on what the overriding objective is. project are referred to as workers
• There are three possibilities: ❑ Assumption:
❑ Minimise total time ❖ Each activity is completed by a single worker in the
❖ Typically the case of maintenance time given as the duration of the activity
❖ Using extra resources to reduce time to completion is ❖ Once an activity has started, it must be completed by
known as CRASHING A NETWORK the worker
❑ Minimise total cost ❖ Once a worker has completed an activity he/she
❖ When a facility or a piece of equipment is seasonal becomes immediately available to start another activity
❑ Make maximum use of resources (people and equipment) • You should always use the first available worker
❖ If you need to work with a fixed team of workers, or if • If there is a choice of tasks for a worker, assign the one with
you want to avoid hiring two equipment the lowest value for its latest finish time as shown on the
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activity network
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Scheduling Diagram Example: Scheduling Diagram

Below a Gantt chart for a project. Schedule the activities to be
• The process of assigning workers to activities is known as completed in the critical time by the minimum number of workers.
scheduling
❑ Typically, the object is to find the minimum number of
workers needed to complete a project in the critical time
❑ Starts with a Gantt Chart
❑ A scheduling diagram may be constructed to show the
activities assigned to each worker

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Example: Scheduling Diagram Example: Scheduling Diagram

One worker is needed to

complete the critical
activities By starting activity H as soon as
possible, both activities may be
Worker 2 starts with activity B and, on completion, completed by worker 3
starts activity D.

Worker 3 is needed to start activity E on time

All of the activities have now been

assigned and so the scheduling
By delaying activity F as late as
possible, this activity may be started diagram is complete. The shading is
by worker 2 on completion of activity used to indicate any periods of
D inactivity for each worker
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Checking Q&A
In the example, the minimum no of workers required within critical time of 25 days
was 3
➢ Lower bound for the number of workers needed
𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑠
Pls send your questions to
=
𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡 our WhatsApp's group chat
8 + 6 + 8 + 7 + 11 + 10 + 5 + 3 + 4 + 4
=
25
66
=
25
= 2.64 S𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑 𝑖𝑠 3
Simply means that it is impossible to complete the project using fewer than 3
workers. BUT it doesn’t guarantee that 3 workers is sufficient»refers to
scheduling diagram

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