FEE322 – E.C.

T IIB – Mar 2021

Lecture 11: Transmission Lines(6)

(2 hrs)

Lecturer: Prof H A Ouma

30/04/2021
 Overview
• Smith Chart (cont)
– Single stub matching
– Double stub matching

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 Content
• Single stub matching

30/04/2021 FEE 322 - Lecture by Prof H A Ouma 3

  
 
 





.  
 

.  
 

  


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 Single Stub Matching[1]
• In matching, the stubs are connected as shunts to the line 2
• Smith Chart is therefore used in admittance mode . !/#. ! 1

  1    +  

• The g = 1 circle is the target of the matching
• Once on the g = 1 circle, the susceptance component of the line admittance is tuned out
using a reactive stub
• STEP 1: Plot the load admittance, draw the constant VSWR circle, and note the location
of the load in ‘Wavelengths toward the Generator’
• STEP 2: Travel along the line (toward generator) until you reach the g = 1 circle, and note
the distance from the load to this point. Pick any one of (normally) 2 intersection points
• STEP 3: Note the susceptance of the line at this point, the stub will be needed to tune it
out (by supplying the negative of this susceptance) 1 = 1 +  1
• STEP 4: On the g = 0 circle, locate the stub susceptance value required #%& = − 1
• The stub susceptance is at the input of the stub section. It is necessary to determine the
stub length and load/termination that would give the value
• STEP 5: Travel along the circumference of the g = 0 circle ‘Toward the Load’ to the s/c
point (0.25λ), or the open circuit point (0.0/0.50λ) on the chart, depending on
specification or the shortest length
• STEP 6: Determine the distance from the susceptance point to the s/c (o/c) to determine
the length of the stub #%& = 2
• On adding this stub, at the distance from load determined in Step 2, the line will be
matched to the load
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 Single Stub Matching [2]
• Exercise: A 200 Ω line is terminated in a load ZL = 80 + j150 Ω. Design for a single stub
matching of the load to the line. Use (i) shortest stub (ii) o.c stub

• Steps:
) 80 + 150
1. Plot the load admittance and draw the constant VSWR circle ( =
)
=
200
= 0.4 + 0.75

⇒  = 0.5536 − 1.0381
2. Extend radius of VSWR circle passing through the load point to ‘Wavelengths’ scale to
obtain the load position on the ‘Distance toward Generator’ scale
3. Travel clockwise (toward generator) along the circumference of the VSWR circle line until
you reach the g = 1 circle, and note the distance from the load to this point. Pick any one
of (normally) 2 intersection points
4. Note the susceptance of the line at this point; the stub will be needed to tune it out (by
supplying the negative of this susceptance)
5. On the g = 0 circle, locate the stub susceptance value required
6. Travel along the circumference of the g = 0 circle ‘Toward the Load’ to the s/c point
(0.25λ), or the open circuit point (0.0/0.50λ) on the chart, depending on specification or
the shortest length
7. Determine the distance from the susceptance point to the s/c (or o/c) to determine the
length of the stub
8. On adding this stub, at the distance from load determined in Step 2, the line will be
matched to the load

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 2
;  . 4:45 ' . 345 6 . !/#. !
1
 . 346

. :456   1 
 

(2
<   + 8. 75

.  
 

;5  . 57 ' . 7:5 6
 . ?5@6

. 77 ' 8. 9 2
<
=>  '8. 75

. 7:56
. 3456

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 Content
– Single stub matching
– Double stub matching

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 Double Stub Matching[1]
• Two shunt stubs are connected to the line 3 . !/#. ! 2
. !/#. ! 1
• Allows matching of various loads
• Separation of stubs on line is predetermined
  =  +  
• The g = 1 circle is rotated according to separation
• Original g = 1 circle is the final target  = 1
• Rotated g = 1 circle is the initial target  = DE
• Once on the rotated g = 1 circle, the admittance point is rotated back to original g = 1 circle
• Matching as for single stub matching is then done
• STEP 1: Rotate g = 1 circle anticlockwise, about the chart centre point, by distance equal to
separation
• STEP 2: Plot the load admittance, draw the constant VSWR circle, and note the location of the load
in ‘Wavelengths toward the Generator’
• STEP 3: Travel along the line (toward generator) until you reach a chosen g = g1 circle that intersects
the rotated g = 1 circle; and note the admittance and distance from the load to this point
1 = 1 +  1
• STEP 4: Travel on the g = g1 circle to the point it intersects the rotated g = 1 circle; and note the
susceptance of the line at this point; the first stub will be needed
′
to provide
′
the difference in
susceptance between this point and the point in STEP 3 1 = 1 +  1
• STEP 5: Obtain the stub length and termination as before #%& 1 = A 1′ − 1 C #%& 1 = 2
• STEP 6: Obtain the corresponding point on the original g = 1 circle and note the admittance
2 = 1 +  2

• STEP 7: Use the second stub to tune out the susceptance, and obtain a matched line
#%& 2
= − 2 #%& 2
= 3

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 Double Stub Matching [2]
• Exercise: A 200 Ω line is terminated in a load ZL = 80 + j150 Ω. Design
for a double stub matching of the load to the line. Use a open circuit
for stub 1 and short circuit for stub 2; separated by 0.15λλ

• Set-up: ( = 0.4 + 0.75

3 2 ⇒  = 0.5536 − 1.0381
#. ! . ! 1

  = 0.5536 − 1.0381

 = 1
 = 0.15E

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 3 2
. 3?576 #. ! . ! 1
. 46
. 96
<
=>  8. @
  1  
;
=>  . 7 ' . 3?57 6
 . :76
  0.15E

(2

<5   + 8. ?@

. 6

<′  . 9 + 8. 4
.  

 

.  
 

<  . 9 ' 8. :7 2  . 77 ' 8. 9

;
=>5  . 57 ' . 59 6
 . 546

<
=>5  '8. ?@
;  . 3@?7 ' . 345 6
 . 5?36 . 596 . 3456
. 3@?76

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 Stub Matching
Exercises:
• Attempt Qns: 12(c), 20(c), 32(b), 47(c), 51(b), 57(b) in the class
notes
• Answers are given therein

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 Review
• Smith Chart (cont)
– Single Stub Matching
– Double Stub Matching

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 QUESTIONS?

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