I.

TITLE: Indications and Determinants of Cesarean Section: A Cross-Sectional Study

AUTHOR: Neetu Singh, Yasodhara Pradeep, and Sugandha Jauhari

YEAR OF PUBLCATION: October 7, 2020

II. SUMMARY OF THE JOURNAL

Cesarean section is one of the most commonly performed surgeries in obstetric practice for saving the
lives of women and their newborns from pregnancy- and childbirth-related complications. Its prevalence
has increased alarmingly in the last few years, which has motivated this research to identify the
indications and determinants, influencing cesarean section delivery in the study area and determine the
associated correlates for emergency and elective cesarean sections. This was a hospital-based cross-
sectional study conducted at a tertiary care center from April 2019 to September 2019. A quantitative
tool was designed to capture all the relevant information regarding sociodemographic factors, obstetric
characteristics, and indications of cesarean section among the pregnant women delivering at the tertiary
care center. A total of 150 women with cesarean deliveries were included in this study. The percentage
of primigravida women was significantly higher among emergency than elective cesarean section (χ 2 =
28.19, P = 0.0001). Majority of the women were illiterate or had primary education in emergency
cesarean section than elective (χ2 = 44.9691, P = 0.0001). Majority of the women with no or only one
antenatal visit underwent emergency than elective cesarean sections (χ 2 = 42.2195, P = 0.0001). Those
females who presented with previous Lower Segment Cesarean Section (LSCS) had greater chances of
elective cesarean section, and it was statistically significant (P = 0.004). The increase in cesarean section
rate causes burden to the general health system and also strain on the family members. Hence, caution
should be exercised in decision-making to perform cesarean section, especially for primigravida, and a
comprehensive evidence-based approach needs to monitor the indication of cesarean section.

III. PERSONAL REFLECTION OF THE JOURNAL

I found the journal entitled "Indications and Determinants of Cesarean Section: A Cross
Sectional Study" to be very informative. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the
indications and determinants of cesarean section, and the nursing implications of the study are
well-presented. The study found that the most common indications for cesarean section were
previous cesarean section, cephalopelvic disproportion, and fetal distress. Other factors that
were associated with cesarean section included maternal age, parity, and gestational age.This
finding suggests that women who have had a cesarean section are more likely to have another
cesarean section in subsequent pregnancies. This is important for women to know, as they can
make informed decisions about their birth plans based on this information. Overall, I found the
journal to be a valuable resource for nurses who are caring for women who are considering or
have had cesarean sections. The study provides important information about the indications,
determinants, and nursing implications of cesarean section. I believe that the findings of this
study are important for nurses to know. Nurses are often the first healthcare professionals to
care for women who are considering or have had cesarean sections. By being aware of the
indications, determinants, and nursing implications of cesarean section, nurses can provide the
best possible care to these women.

IV. NURSING IMPLICATIONS

A. NURSING PRACTICE

In this study, nurses should be aware of the factors that may contribute to cesarean section and
should advocate for women's right to make informed decisions about their birth plans. Nurses
should also collaborate with other healthcare professionals to ensure that women receive high-
quality care before, during, and after cesarean section.

B. NURSING EDUCATION

The journal will help nursing education or us nursing students to understand the indications and
determinants of cesarean section. This knowledge will help students to provide informed care to
women who are considering or have had cesarean sections. And it can help us students to learn
about the risks and benefits of cesarean section. This knowledge will help students to counsel
women about the potential risks and benefits of cesarean section so that they can make
informed decisions about their birth plans.

C. NURSING RESEARCH

It can provide researchers with information about the research on cesarean section. This information
can be used to stay up-to-date on the latest research findings and to identify gaps in the knowledge. By
incorporating the findings of this journal into their research, nurses can contribute to the body of
knowledge about cesarean section and to the development of new interventions and guidelines
for the care of women who have had cesarean sections.