Culture: Culture refers to the shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and

artifacts that characterize a group or society. It encompasses language, religion,

social habits, music, cuisine, art, and literature.
Examples
 Pakistani culture is a blend of various regional cultures such as Punjabi,
Sindhi, Balochi, and Pashtun. The dress, cuisine, music, and festivals of each
region are distinct and reflect the diversity of the country.
 Islam is the dominant religion in Pakistan and has a significant impact on the
culture of the country. The practice of offering prayers, fasting during the
month of Ramadan, and celebrating Eid are examples of how religion shapes
the culture of Pakistan.

Values: values include hospitality, respect for elders, importance of family,

religious piety, and sense of community. These values are often reflected in
cultural practices such as inviting guests over for meals, seeking advice from
elders, prioritizing the needs of the family over individual needs, observing
religious customs, and helping one's neighbors and community members.
Ideal values refer to the principles and beliefs that individuals and societies strive
to uphold and promote. These values represent the best possible version of what
people hope to achieve and uphold in their lives. Examples of ideal values may
include honesty, integrity, compassion, fairness, respect for diversity, and
equality.

On the other hand, real values refer to the actual principles and beliefs that
individuals and societies practice and uphold. These values represent what people
actually do and believe, as opposed to what they aspire to. Examples of real
values may include greed, selfishness, discrimination, corruption, and lack of
empathy.

To illustrate the difference between ideal and real values, let's consider the
example of a company that values honesty as an ideal value. The company may
have a code of conduct that emphasizes the importance of honesty in all business
dealings, but in reality, some employees may engage in unethical behavior such as
lying to customers or manipulating financial records for personal gain. In this case,
honesty is an ideal value that the company aspires to, but the real value reflected
in the behavior of some employees is dishonesty.
Another example is the ideal value of equality. A society may espouse the ideal
value of equality, but in reality, discrimination and social inequality may be
prevalent in various forms, such as gender inequality, racial discrimination, or
classism. In this case, equality is an ideal value that the society strives to achieve,
but the real value reflected in the social practices and behaviors is inequality.

Overall, the difference between ideal and real values is that ideal values represent
the best possible version of what people aspire to, while real values represent the
actual behavior and attitudes that people exhibit in their daily lives.

Culture: Should individuals embrace their own culture or be open to exploring

other cultures? ( maira , alishba,alishba)

Developing culture-centered skills: Should people prioritize practicing listening,

practicing intercultural empathy, or developing flexibility when communicating
with individuals from different cultures?