Type 1. Noise factors.

Type 2. Design variables.

Type 3. Function relationship between design variables and responses. Uncertainties due to
mathematical models.

The paper is talking about robust design variables, uncertainties degrade a designer’s ability to
make an informed decision. When applied, the design decisions do not account for
uncertainties induced by noise factors (uncontrollable parameters), design variables (controlled
parameters), model approximations used in the simulation models and uncertainty
propagation across different length and time scales.

Decision matrix. (Chat gpt)

Multilevel hierarchical coupled decisions.

Design of a gearbox.

Design capability index (DCI)

Error margin index (EMI)

Decision support problem technique (DSPT) construct. (Chat gpt)