Face2Face-Student's Intermediate Book

C-.q,v...nt .
F2F 3- 020
Intermediate Student's Book
¡-¡¡¡~¡ ••¡¡ CAMBRIDGE

Chris Redston & Gillie Cunningham .. ::: UNIVERSITY PRESS
·Contents
Lesson
1A
18
Be happy!
Love it or hate it
p6
p8
Vocabulary
weekend activities
likes and dislikes

Grammar
question forms
positive and negative verb forms, words

Real World
••
and phrases
1C .Jointhe club! p10 adjectives (1): feelings

prepositions with adjectives
10 Nice to meet you p12 question tags
Extra Practice 1 and Progress Portfolio 1 p115 Self-study DVD-ROM 1
2A Slowdown! p14 collocations (1): work be able lo, be supposed lo, be allowed lo,
modal verbs (1)
28 Street food p16 food and ways of cooking Present Continuous and
Present Simple
2C Sleepless nights p18 sleep; gradable and strong adjectives;

adverbs
20 What's the matter? p20 showing concern, giving and

responding to advice
3A The tourist trade p22 phrasal verbs (1): travel Present Perfect Simple: experience,
unfinished past and recent events
38 Lonely Planet p24 phrases with travel, gel and go on Present Perfect Continuous
and Present Perfect Simple
3C Voluntourism p26 word building (1): suffixes for adjectives

and nouns
30 A trip to India p28 asking for and making

recommendations
4A Musical experiences p30 collocations (2): music Past Simple and Past Continuous;
used lo
48 Modern adventurers p32 adjectives (2): character Past Perfect
4C Unusual days out p34 guessing meaning from context
40 It's only a game! p36 softening opinions and making

generalisations
5A Our new home p38 homes making comparisons: comparatives,

superlatives, (naO as ... as, etc.
58 A load of old junk p40 phrasal verbs (2) the future: will, be going lo,
Present Continuous
5C Birthdays p42 verb patterns (1)
50 Things I need p44 materials explaining wha· you need
6A Make up your mind p46 make and do first conditional and future time clauses
68 Fear of failure p48 reflexive pronouns zero conditional; conditionals with

imperatives and modal verbs; in case
6C Touch wood p50 synonyms
60 The village festival p52 =

•
~See Teacher's DVD
Speaking Listening and Video Reading Writing
My weekend activities What makes me happy? The secret 01 happiness Questions with prepositions at the e
Things that make me happy Help with Listening Questions with yau subject questions
How do you leel about. . ? Love it or hate it Sentences with a negative meaning
Things Ilike and don't like Things Ilike and don't like
The last time I lelt like this Four clubs Laughter is the best medicine
Starting a club Help with Listening Sentence stress (1)
The last party I went to l'lI:lID- Nice to meet you Questions with question tags
Conversations at a party
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION -ed adjectives Reading and Writing Portfolio 1 Describing a holiday Workbook p&-
How hard do they work? In praise 01 slow Rules at my place 01 work,

Our rules Working conditions school or university
Food I often/never eat Steve's Street Food blog Eating habits in my country
Find someone who . The L.A. Street Food Festival
My sleep habits Interview with a sleep scientist It's a nightmare! Sentences with adjectives and adverbs
A sleep survey Help with Listening Weak lorms (1) A sleep survey
Problems and advice I'lI:lID-What's the matter? Two conversations
What should Ido? Help with Listening Intonation (1): sounding concerned
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Strong and weak forms Reading and Writing Portfolio 2 Notices at work Workbook p66
Questions about travel Your holiday, my job Lewis and Veronica's restaurant
My experiences Help with Listening Present Perlect Simple or
Past Simple
Guide books The world's greatest travellers Questions in the Present Perlect Simple
A timeline 01 my lile A guide book writer in Kenya or Continuous
My holidays An interview with a travel expert Two voluntourism holidays
Choosing the best holiday Help with Listening Linking (1): consonant-vowellinks Holiday lactfiles
Recommendations about a place that l'lI:lID- A trip to India Three conversations
I know well
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION The schwa lal in suffixes Reading and Writing Portfolio 3 Holiday arrangemenls Workbook p68
My music Three people's best ever musical Questions with used lo

My best ever musical experience experiences
People I know Ed Stafford's amazing journey Big River Man Notes on an interesting journey
An interesting journey Help with Listening Past Simple or Past Perlect
Big River Man
Top live museums or art galleries in Help with Lislening Linking (2): /w/, /j/ and /t/ The world's weirdest museums
my country sounds
My Iree time activities Free days out in London
Football I'lI:lID-lt's only a game! Softening opinions about children
Giving your opinion
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION The letters ar Reading and Writing Portfolio 4 Reviewing a novel Workbook p70
Five things to look tor in a new home A new place to live Three places to rent Sentences that make comparisons
Three houses/llats I know well Comparing houses/llats I know well
Questions with phrasal verbs Give away, throw away, keep? Just get rid 01 it!
Discussing luture plans Help with Listening Future verb lorms What about these cuttalns?
Getting rid 01 things What about these curtains?
Birthdays Four memorable birthdays Happy birthday to you! Notes on a memorable birthday
My most memorable birthday Help with Listening Fillers and lalse starts
Conversations in a department store l'lI:lID- Things I need Conversations in a department store
Four things I need
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Id3/, Ijl and Iju:1 Reading and Writing Portfolio 5 Emails with news Workbook p72
Find someone who . Two big decisions Sentences with if, unless, mighl
Discussing problems Sentences about me
When I was a child Help with Listening Zero or ñrst conditional How to measure success Top tips tor language learners
Top tips lor language learners
Superstitions in my country The history 01 superstitions The secrets 01 luck British superstitions
How lucky are you? Help with Listening Sentence stress (2)
Traditional lestivals l'lI:lID- The village lestival
Organising our own lestival
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Words ending in -ste Reading and Writing Portfolio 6 Letters lo a newspaper Workbook p74
•
Lesson
7A
78
Have a gol
What would you do?

p54
p56
Vocabulary
goals and achievements
computers (1)
Grammar
ability: be able to, manage,
be useless at, etc.
second conditional
RealWorld
••
7C Social networking p58 computers (2)
articles: a, an, the, no article
70 Can you tel! me ... ? p60 indirec and direct questions
Extra Practice 7 and Progress Portfolio 7 p121 O Self-study DVD-ROM 7
8A Angry planet p62 bad weather and natural disasters the passive
88 Recycle! p64 containers quantifiers: a bit 0(, too much/ many,

(not) enough, plenty 0(, etc.
8C Dangers at sea p66 word building (2): prefixes and opposites,

other prefixes and suffixes
80 A hiking trip p68 warnings and advice
9A Get healthy! p70 health relative clauses with who, that, which,
whose, where and when
98 Good news, bad news p72 collocations (3): the news Present Perfect Simple active and
passive for recent events
9C Human behaviour p74 body movements and responses

connecting words
90 At the doctor's p76 what doctors say; what patients say
10A The anniversary p78 contacting people was/were going to,

was/were supposed to
108 Who's that? p80 describing people modal verbs (2): making deductions
10C Ido! p82 phrasal verbs (3)
100 Do you mind if I ... ? p84 asking for, giving and

refusing permission
11A Any messages? p86 things people do at work reported speech: sentences
118 How did it go? p88 adjectives (3): jobs reported speech: questions,
requests and imperatives
11C Undercover p90 verb patterns (2): reporting verbs
110 It's my first day p92 checking informa Ion
Extra Practice 11and Progress Portfolio 11 p125 O Self-study DVD-ROM 11

12A Iwish! p94 informal words and phrases wishes
128 Important moments p96 phrases with get third conditional
12C Superheroes p98 word building (3): word families
End of Course Review p101

Pair and Group Work p102 Language Summaries p127 eo Scripts p156
•
~See Teacher's DVD
Speaking Listening and Video Reading Writing
Goals and achievements Three competitors on a new Sentences about ability
Things I can and can't do reality TV show True or false sentences
My computer Life without the Internet Two conversations Questions about computers
What would you do if. .? Help with listening First or second conditional
Important possessions Two conversations
Social networking Our social networking habits The lonely generation? A survey on social networking
My class and the Internet Help with listening Weak forms (2) and the Internet
Indirect questions ED- Can you tell me ... ? Indirect questions
Help with listening Intonation (2): being polite
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Natural rhythm Reading and Writing Portfolio 7 Giving instructions Workbook p76
My weather experiences Hit by lightning Q&A - Natural disasters Questions in the passive
The passive quiz Hit by lightning
Things in my kitchen How much do you recycle? Sentences with quantifiers
Good/bad things about my town/city Help with Listening Quantifiers
At the beach Dead zones Saving Jesse's arm Notes on a frightening or an exciting
An exciting or frightening experience Help with listening Linking (3): review experience
Hiking and camping ED- A hiking trip Going sailing Warnings and advice for people visiting
Visiting my country/city Advice for visitors to the UK my country or city
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Ira/, leal and 13:1 Reading and Writing Portfolio B Problems and solutions Workbook p78
Mydiet Just juice Sentences with relative clauses
Where I get my news Here is today's news Four news stories

A news summary Help with listening Present Perfect Simple active
or passive
Body movements and responses How to tell if someone's Iying Why do we ... ? Sentences with connecting words
Are you a good liar? Help with listening British and American accents
Doctor and patient role-plays ED- At the doctor's Dinner plans A conversation at the doctor's
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION the letters ough Reading and Writing Portfolio 9 Applying lor a job Workbook p80
Secrets of a successlul marriage The wedding anniversary Sentences with was/ wem going lo and
I was going to, but ... was/ wem supposed lo
Describing wedding guests Where's Peggy's husband? Making deductions
Who does this belong to?
Weddings in my country Wedding traditions For better, for worse Notes on a wedding
A wedding I've been to Help with listening ItI and Idl at the ends of words
Staying with relatives and friends ED-Do you mind itl ... ?
Asking for permission role-plays Help with listening Intonation (3): asking for permission
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Linking in phrasal verbs Reading and Writing Portfolio 10 Describing people Workbook p82 :
Things people do at work I've had an accident Reported sentences

Reporting true or false sentences Here are your messages True or false sentences
Help with listening Ihl in he, his, him, her
Jobs I would/wouldn't like to do Eva's audition What NOT to ask at an interview! Reported questions
Job interviews I've got the job! Reported requests and imperatives
Reporting questions Questions to ask your partner
MyTV habits Episode 5 of Underr:over Underr:over's success is no secret Sentences with reporting verbs
What happens at the end? Help with listening Missing words Conversations from Episode 4
My phone habits ED-It's my first day Ella's messages Taking messages

Phone conversation role-plays Help with listening Contrastive stress Four conversations
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Words ending in -tion; -age and -ture Reading and Writing Portfolio 11 Telling a story Workbook p84
I
Sentences about me Five conversations with wishes Sentences with I wish ...
My wishes and how lile would be different Personal wishes and second conditionals
True or false sentences with gel Turning points True or lalse sentences with gel
Important moments in my life Help with listening Third conditional Third conditional sentences
Superheroes The lile 01 Stan Lee The real Spider-Man
Create your own superhero! Help with listening Sentence stress and
weak forms: review
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Review quiz Reading and Writing Portfolio 12 Lile changes Workbook p86
Phonemlc Symbols p175 Irregular Verb List p175 Self-study DVD-ROM Instructions p176
•
Be happy! Vocabulary weekendactivities
Grammar questionforms
QUICK REVIEW Meeting new people Talk to

three other students. Introduce yourself and
find out two things about each persono Then
tell the class about one person you spoke to.
Vocabulary and Speaking

Weekend activities
a Match the verbs in Ato the words/phrases M any people think that
being clever, rich and
attractive isthe best way to
in B. Then check in Language Summary 1
IfHlq.!:lIi!.!¡\j'. p127. find happiness. But according
to a report in New Scienfisf
A B magazine, these things aren't
visit ~ a lie-in as important as we think.
have '-- relatives A group of scientists examined
go to concerts/gigs/festivals hundreds of research studies
from around the world and
chat a quiet night in then made a list of the top
have yoga ten reasons for happiness
do to friends online
- and their list makes very
meet up museums/art galleries surprising reading.
tidy up with friends
go to the house/the flat
do people round for dinner

have for a drink/meal
go out exercise
b Work in pairs. Ask questions with How often do you ... ?,

When did you last ... ? or Do you ever ... ? about the activities
in 1a. Ask follow-up questions if possible. Turn to p112. Read the rest of the article
and answer the questions.
How often do you visit relatives? I About once a mon0;J
Listening and Speaking

When did you last h~~-~ : Last sund~
a Look at the photos of Fiona, Maxie and
Caroline. What makes them happy, do you
Yes, sometimes.
think?
b lB!It1 Listen and write two things

that make each person happy.
Reading and Speaking
e Listen again. Answer these questions.
a Read the beginning of the article about happiness. How did the
scientists make their top ten list? 1 How often does Rona each yoga
classes? Three times a week.
b Look at these reasons for happiness. Put them in order from 2 What is Fiona's SOl" a he moment?
1-10 (1 = the most important).
3 What did Fíona day?
e friends and family e being attractive 4 How many - '8 written?
e money e growing old 5 Wha die! e -~nelast month?
e being married e religion 6 Ho - --- 8 been to?
e helping others e intelligence 7 Who - galleries with?
e your genes e not wanting more than you've got 8 =- - ----:; '1élppy?
e Work in pairs. Compare lists. Explain the arder you chose. 9 - =- ~ ends?
•
Fill in the gaps in these questions with do, are,
have, did or - (= no auxiliary).
1 Whereabouts do you live?
2 How long you lived there?
3 Who lives with you?
4 What time you get up on Sundays?
5 Why you studying English?
6 Where you go on holiday last year?
7 How many countries you visited?
8 Who emails you the most?
9 What you do yesterday evening?
10 What you planning to do next
weekend?
HELP WITH LlSTENING

Questions with you
a Work in pairs. How do we usually say the
auxiliaries and you in the questions in 6?
b r:m:¡.2 Listen to the questions in 6.
Notice how we say do you Idaja/, have you
Ihavja/, are you lajal and did you Id1d3a/.
a r:m:¡.2
iQ¡Uilililiílt@t!l1 Listen again and
practise. Copy the weak forms.
Whereabouts do you Idajal live?
b Work in pairs. Ask and answer the
questions in 6. Ask follow-up questions.
Work in new pairs. Student A p102.

Student B p107.
Get ready ... Get it right!

• HELP WITH GRAMMAR Question forrns • Write a list of five things you do that make
you happy.
a Match questions 1-4 in 4c to these verb forms.
1 writing my blog
Present Simple 1 Past Simple 2 going for walks in the park
Present Continuous Present Perfect Simple
a Work in groups of three. Take turns to
b Write questions 2-4 from 4c in the table. tell the group about each thing on your
list. Ask one or two questions about
• question
auxiliary subject verb
•• word each thing your partners tell you about.
•• teach yoga classes?
How often does Fiona Writing my blog How often do
•
• makes me happy. , you write it~
•• '---,
•• I
What do you
•
• write about?
e Look at questions 5-9 in 4c. Answer these questions.
~
b Tell the class about one thing that
1 Is the question word the object or the subject in each question? makes you happy.
2 Why don't questions 8 and 9 have an auxiliary?
d Find two questions in 4c which have a preposition at the end.
•
• e Check in Id¡fijMft'ij¡'I'" p128.
•
Vocabulary likes and dislikes
Leve it or hate it Grammar positive and negative
verb forms, words and phrases
QUICK REVIEW Question forms Choose a

partner, but don't talk to him or her yet. Write
four questions to ask your partner. Work in
pairs. Ask and answer your questions. Then
tell the class something interesting you
found out about your partner.

Likes and dislikes
Work in pairs. Match these phrases
to groups 1-3. Then check in
Iq.¡g.i:jil!.j¡tlf. p127.
1 saying you love or like something www.thingsweloveandhate.com
2 saying something is OK
3 saying you don't like something
Things we LOVE andHATE
I (really)love ... 1 I (really)hate 3 (
I don't like ... at all, I can't stand . really drives me crazy. You have to listen
I'm (really/very/quite)interested in . to this terrible music while you're waiting, and then a
I think ... is/are all right. woman's voice says, "you're 93rd in the queue". Sometimes
... (really)get(s) on my nerves. you can wait for over an hour and no one answers - and you
I can't bear I (really)enjoy ... can't put the phone down because you don't want to lose
your place. Then when you fi.nallyspeak to someone they hardly ever
I don't mind I'm not (very)keen on ...
solve your problem, so you have to start again anyway. MICHAEL
I'm (really/very/quite)keen on ...
--------- ,
... (really)drive(s) me crazy. (
I think is/are great/brilliant/wonderful. 1think 2__ are brilliant, but I know a lot of
I think is/are awful/terrible/dreadful. people can't stand them. I've got two sisters and neither
of them can watch one for more than 5 minutes. I've seen
loads of different shows over the years. The ones with
a Decide how you feel about these celebrities are the best because you can see that none of
things. Choose a different phrase them are any different to us - they're all just norrnalpeople really. But 1
from 1 for each thing. wouldn't like to be on one myself because 1know all my friends would
• watching sport on TV laugh at me! CORINNE
• buying new shoes
• waiting in queues 1really hate 3 . The trains are always
• getting up early really crowded and they're often late or get cancelled for
no reason. Yesterday 1waited nearly half an hour for a
• cooking
train, and then I didn't get a seat so 1had to stand all the
• doing the washing-up
way home. 1don't think that's right, not when we pay so
• going to weddings much for our tickets. And 1can't bear listening to other people's phone
• tidying up the house or flat conversations on the train. How can people talk about hospital visits or
b Work in groups. Compare ideas. relationship problems in public? 1don't think 1could do that, I'd be
Explain why you feel like this. too embarrassed. MARCELA
1really love 4 ,bu my wife doesn't like it

Reading
at al!. 1can't understand why - it's much safer than driving
Read the comments on the internet and there are no traffic jams. She hasn't fiown for years, but
forum. Then fill in gaps 1-4 with the as far as I'm concerned, there's no be er way to trave!. 1leve
things in photos A-D. Do the people just sitting back and watching the clouds go by or chatting
love or hate these things? to the person next to me. And if I'm not feeling very sociable 1can always
watch a fi.lm,which 1never have time to do at home. HAS SAN
a Read the comments on the internet forum again. a Make these sentences negative. There is
Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? sometimes more than one possible answer.
1 Michael doesn't mind talking to call centres. F 1 I often visit my grandmother.
He thinks call centres usually solve your problems. / don't often visit my grandmother.
Corinne's sisters can't bear reality TV programmes. 2 Everyone in my family likes tennis.
4 Corinne doesn't like programmes with celebrities. 3 My mum's lost her mobile.
,...5 Marcela had a difficult journey home yesterday. 4 I think 1'11
buy a new phone.
She enjoys listening to other people's phone conversations. 5 There's a doctor in the village.
7 Hassan's wife isn't keen on flying. 6 AII of my friends have got cars.
Hassan often watches films when he's at home. 7 Both of my brothers like cooking.
b Work in groups. Discuss how you feel about the things 8 There's some milk in the fridge.
in the photos. Use phrases from 1 and your own ideas. b Work in pairs. Compare answers.
HELP WITH GRAMMAR l!iJI. 3 IQ¡lul!il/¡gr.iiUl/1 Listen and practise.

Positive and negative verb forms, words / don't often visit my grandmother.
and phrases
a Look at the comments on the internet forum again.
Match the phrases in blue to these verb forms. Which Get ready ... Get it right!
phrases are negative?
Write four sentences about things you like
• Present Simple Present Perfect Simple
and four sentences about things you don't like .
Present Continuous Past Simple Use the phrases from 1 and your own ideas.
b Look at Marcela's comment again. Find the negative / really enjoy watehing o/d fi/ms.
forms of these sentences. Which verb do we usually / ean't stand going to the dentist.
make negative?
/ think thet's right. / think / eou/d do that. a Find one student in the class who agrees
with each of your sentences. Ask follow-up
e Look at Hassan's comment again. Find another way
questions if possible.
to say these phrases. Which word can we use instead
of not a and not any with there is/there are? 1 really enjoy watching Yes, me too. What
There aren't any traffie jams. old films. was the last one
~/
you watched?
There isn 't a better way to trave/.
d Match these positive words to the negative words/ b Tell the class two things you have in
phrases in pink on the internet forum. common with other students.
love hate everyone ,
always all L!a~ek and 1 both enjoy watching old films.
• usually both y
•
Vocabulary adjectives (1): feelings;
prepositions with adjectives
Skills Listening: an informal conversation;
Join the club! Reading: a magazine article
QUICK REVIEW Likes and dislikes Write the names of three

people you know. Think of one thing they like doing and one thing HELP WITH LlSTENING
they don't like doing. Work in pairs. Take turns to tell each other Sentence stress (1)
about the people: My brother Federico can't stand waiting in queues.
e
a 1iJDt4 Read and listen to the
beginning of the conversation. Notice
which words are stressed.
SALLY Sorry I'm late. Did you get my
Vocabulary and Speaking text?
Adjectives (1): feelings PETER Hi,•• Sally. Yes,
• I've ordered
• you
a Work in pairs. Which of these adjectives do you know? Do they the vegetárian pizza.
describe positive or negative feelings? Then check new words in SALLY Greeat,thanks a lot.
11Uíf.!:!lI"'¡di. p127. nuc Were you working late?
SALLY No, I go to a drama clüb on
relaxed nervous pleased ernbárrassed ángry annóved Móndays.
fed up disappointed stressed calm upset scared ALICE I didn't knów you've jo·ined a
l satisfied contúsed shocked glad concérneo deoréssed drama clúb,
e
b Find examples of these parts of
b Choose six adjectives from 1a. Make notes on the last time you
speech in the conversation in 3a. Are
felt like this.
these types of words usually stressed
e Work in pairs. Tell your partner about the adjectives you chose. e
(8) or not stressed (N)?
Ask follow-up questions if possible. •e
•• adjectives S pronouns
I felt quite stressed last week because e positive auxiliaries main verbs
e
I had to go for a job interview. Did you get the job? e nouns articles prepositions
•e negative auxiliaries
Listening and Speaking e Look at Audio 8cript 1iJDt4

p156. Listen again and follow the
a Work in new pairs. Answer these questions.
sentence stress.
1 Have you (or people you know) ever been a member of a club?
If so, tell your partner about it.
2 What kinds of clubs are popular in your school, university or city? Reading and Speaking
What do people do in these clubs? a Look at the photos and the headline
3 What are the advantages and disadvantages of being in a club? of the article on p11. What do you think
b 1iJDt4Listen to four friends, 8ally, Eric, Alice and Peter. Put the article is about?
these clubs in the order they talk about them. What do people do b Before you read, check these
in each club? words/phrases with your teacher or
• a book club • a glee club in a dictionary.
• an animation club • a drama club
reduce clap your hands
e Listen again. Tick (1") the true sentences. Correct the false ones. strengthen your immune system
,1 Sally's new play is a ffII::IeieaI. comedy fake chemicals
2 Her character in the play is an angry old lady.
cRead the article. Match topics a-e to
3 Eric's book club meets once a week.
paragraphs 1-5.
4 He doesn't always finish reading every book.
a It worked for me - try it yourself
5 Peterruns an animation club.
b Why laughter is good for you
6 Eric might go to an animation club meeting.
e Start the day with a laugh
7 Alice is better at dancing than singing.
d My first visit to a Laughter Club
8 She's too embarrassed to sing in the restaurant.
e How Laughter Clubs began
d Work in pairs. Compare answers. Would you like to join any of
these clubs? Why?/Why not?
•
Laughter a Read the article again. Find the answers to
these questions.
is the best medicine ¡ / 1 Where and when did Laughter Yoga Clubs
/ begin?
1 Do you want to live a happier, less / 2 How often do young children and adults laugh?
stressfullife? Try laughing for no . 3 What happens in May every year?
reason at adl, That's how thousands 4 How does laughter improve your health?
of people start their day at Laughter
5 What do people do at a Laughter Club?
Yoga Clubs around the world -
and many doctors now think that 6 Why is fake laughter good for your health?
having a good laugh might be one of 7 How did the writer feel at the end of the class?
the best ways to stay healthy.
b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Would
2 The first Laughter Yoga Club was started in Mumbai, India, in you like to join a Laughter Yoga Club? Why?/
1995 by Dr Madan Kataria. "Young children laugh about 300 Why not?
times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day," says
Dr Kataria. "Everyone's naturally good at laughing - it's the • HELP WITH VOCABULARY
•
uníversal language. We want people to leel ~ wjth their •• Prepositions with adjectives
lives." There are now more than 6,000 Laughter Clubs in over
65 countries worldwide and there's even a World Laughter Day a Look at the adjectives in blue in the article.
on the first Sunday in May every year. • Which preposition comes after them?
•• good at worried
3 Many doctors are also interested in the positive effects of
•
•
laughter on our health. According to a five-year study at the •• happy surprised
UCLA School of Medicine in California, laughter reduces stress • interested upset
•
in the body, strengthens your immune system and is very good
for the heart. Laughter Yoga is now used in many hospitals
for the treatment of serious illnesses and it is also practised in
•
••
••
nervous
keen -
fed up
pleased
schools, companies, old people's homes and prisons.
4 So, what actually is Laughter Yoga? I went along to my nearest
..••• b Match these prepositions to the adjectives.
Sometimes there is more than one answer .
•
Laughter Club in south London to find out. I was quite nervous • of with about by at
about it, to be honest - I wasn't keen on the idea of laughing ••
with a group of strangers, and I was worried about looking scared 0(, by
stupid. First, our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands bored
and say, "ho ho ho, ha ha ha," while looking at each other. frightened
The teacher explained that our bodies can't tell the difference
annoyed
between fake laughter and real laughter, so they still produce
the same healthy chemicals. bad
satisfied _
5 Amazingly; it works. Afier ten minutes everybody in the room
was laughing for real - and some people just couldn't stop! We embarrassed
spent an hour doing different types of laughter exercises and depressed _
at the end of the class I was surprised by how calm and relaxed angry something
I felt. So ifyou're upset about something at work or just fed up angry someone
with your daily routine, thenjust start laughing - you míght
be very pleased with the results. As Dr Kataria says, "When e Check in ifleiR·WIIG;\lt. p127.
you laugh, you change, and when you change, the whole world
changes around you." a Choose six adjectives from 6a and 6b.
Write the name of one person you know for
each adjective.
fed up - Eva
b Work in new pairs. Tell your partner about

the people. Ask follow-up questions.
My sister Eva is fed up

with her job. Oh, why's that?
Work in groups. Look at p112.

~REAL
• WORLD Real World question tags
a Work in the same pairs. Complete questions 1-6 with

these question tags.
don't you? wasn't it? do you?

haveyou? haven't you? didn't she?
Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.

You live next door to Lisa,
don'tyou ?
a
Ves, Ido. ¿
1 When did you last meet someone new (apart from 2 I ~ b
2
students in this class)? Where were you at the time?
What did you talk about?
Barbara went to Liverpool
"'-1 university, -:)
~ c~------
3 Did you get on well with the person? Why?/Why not? 3 ) You've been diving,
L¡- '---~~
a Look at the photo. Where are the people? What 4 d
It was a great match
are they doing? ,.....-,yesterday, ~l
b rmm:J.1 E!lts Watch or listen to the 5
You haven't ordered any
e
conversation. Then choose the correct names in 1
c-e-: food yet,
these sentences. , ---- ~
1
2
(jj"iifiP/Charlie is Lisa's new boyfriend.
Lisa/Oaniel is Charlie and Rebecca's neighbour.
6
You don't have any kids,
-----;J
3 Rebecca's/Lisa's sister shared a flat with Daniel's
b Work in the same pairs. Write these short answers
brother.
in a-f. .
4 Oaniel/Charlie teaches people how to sail.
5 Charlie/Lisa works for a package tour company. Yes, I do. No, I don't. Yes, she did. Yes, it was.
6 Lisa/Oaniel and Rebécca/Charlie both support No, I haven't, actually. No, we haven't.
Manchester United.
7 Rebecca and Charlie have a son called Alex/Harrv e rmm:J.1 E!ltsWatch or listen again. Check your
answers to 3a and 3b.
e Work in pairs. Compare answers.
•
• REAL WORLD Question tags •• HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION
•• -ed adjectives
a Look again at questions 1-6 in 3a. Then choose the
•
correct words/phrases in these rules. a Work in pairs. Look at these -ed adjectives. How
•••
• We usually use questions with question tags (don't you?, many syllables does each word have? Write the
etc.) to check informatíon that we think is correct/ words in the table and mark the stress.
find out new information. •
••
stFessed annoyed 8*eitee satisfied
• We usually use the main verb/auxílíary in question tags. •
•• worried confused frightened relaxed scared
• We only use names/pronouns in question tags.
concerned shocked terrified embarrassed
• If the main verb is positive, the question tag is usually exhausted interested depressed
positive/negative.
• If the main verb is negative, the question tag is usually
positive/negative. 1syllable stressed
b Look again at short answers a-f in 3a. Then answer

these questions.
•• ......
1
2
Which short answers say the information is correct?
Which short answer says the information isn't correct?
•• annoved
3 Which word do we use to sound more polite when the ••• -
information isn't correct? ••• excited

•• TIP,. We can also use Yes, that's right. to say that the b E:!1t7 Listen and check. Listen again and
••• information is correct: A You're from London original/y, practise.
•• aren't you? B Yes, that's right. / Yes,I am.
• c Check in IM"9ul;ll,,,. p128.
a Work in new pairs. Cover 1a. Do these words
• have the same (8) or different (D) stress pattern?
a E:!1t6Listen to questions 1-6 in 3a again. Does 1 stressed annoyed O 5 frightened worried

the intonation on the question tag go ~ or down? 2 concerned exhausted 6 shocked scared
3 depressed confused 7 satisfied relaxed
b IQ¡¡.¡¡¡¡¡¡¡gf!iiulllListen again and practise. Copy the
. . . . .
stress and intonation.
You líve next door to Lisa, don't you?
4
b
embarrassed
E:!1t8
interested 8 excited
Listen and check. Listen again and

terrified
practise.
a Write question tags to check information about the
people in the photo.
1 Lisa and Daniel aren't married, are thev ? continue21earn
2 Charlie and Daniel haven't met before, ?
3 Rebecca and Lisa live in the same village, ?
• Vocabulary, Grammar and Real World
4 Charlie's lived there for about three years, ?
• Extra Practice 1 and Progress Portfolio 1 p115
5 Daniel left London last year, ?
• Language Summary 1 p127
6 Daniel and Lisa shared a flat at university, ?
7 Charlie works for a holiday company, ? • 1A-D Workbook p5
8 Rebecca isn't very keen on football, ? • Self-study DVD-ROM 1 with Review Video
9 Harry is Charlie and Rebecca's son, ?
10 Daniel hasn't got any children, ?
b Work in pairs. Take turns to ask and answer the
questions. Then check your partner's answers in
Audio 8cript E:!1t5
p156. How many are correct?
Lisa and Daniel aren't

rnarriedvare they? No, they aren'tj
• Reading and Writing

Work in new pairs. Look at p114. • Portfolio 1 Describing a holiday Workbook p64
Reading an email about a holiday
Writing informal writing; ellipsis of words
•
Vocabulary collocations(1): work
Slow down! Grammar be able to, be supposed to,

be allowed to, modalverbs(1)
QUICK REVIEW Question tags Choose a partner,

but don't talk to him/her yet. Write three things you
think you know about your partner. Work in pairs.
Ask questions with question tags to check your
information is correct: A You studied here last year,
didn't you? B Ves, I did. Ask follow-up questions:
A Where did you study before that?

Collocations (1): work
a Choose the correct verbs in these phrases.
Then check in 1?.tq,j:!ilij¡'IJ. p129.
1 take/be work home
2 be/have time to relax
3 'get/work long hours
4 work/spend overtime
5 get/be a workaholic
6 meet/take deadlines
7 take/be time off work
8 have/be under (a lot of) pressure at work
9 leave/spend a lot of time at work
10 have/be good working conditions CARL HONORÉ
b Think of three people you know who have
jobs. Choose two phrases from 1a for each persono
e Work in pairs. Tell your partner about the people
you chose. Which person works the hardest?
a 1!!It9 Listen to the radio programme again.

Listening and Speaking Fill in the gaps with one or two words.
a Look at the book cover, the cartoon and the photos. 1 Rob says he must take more time off work .
What is the book about, do you think? 2 Honoré says people should only work
hours a week.
b Work in pairs. Guess the correct words or numbers in
these sentences. 3 Honoré believes that we ought to spend more time
with
1 People in China/Germany spend 15% less time at work now
4 Some French employees are allowed to begin their
than in 1980.
weekend at on Thursday.
2 Some companies in France/ltaly give their employees
5 People can get their best when they're
three-day weekends.
doing nothing.
3 Europeans/Americans work 350 hours a year more than
6 In some American companies, employees can
Europeans/Americans.
whenever they want.
4 20% oí British people work over 50/60 hours a week.
7 In the UK people are supposed to have a break
5 30%/6Ó% of people in the UK said they didn't take all their every
paid holiday.
8 Kim says that lots of people have to take
6 In German/Japanese there's a word that means 'death from
9 Rob says that these days we're able to continue
working too hard'.
working when we're
e 1!!It9 Listen to a radio programme. Two journalist~,
b Work in pairs. Do you agree with Carl Honoré
Kim and Rob, are discussing Carl Honoré's book In Preise
that we all work too hard and should slow down?
of S/ow. Check your answers to 2a and 2b.
Why? /Why not?
•
a Kim (K) and Rob (R) are talking after the radio
programme. Read their conversation and choose
the correct verb forms. Who has the best working
conditions?
K So, do you think you lGl:.;T])lare allowed to relax
more?
R Absolutely! 2I'm able toll must try to slow down
a bit.
K 3 Are you able tolShould you start work when you
want?
R No, not really. 4I'm supposed toll can be in the office
at eight. What about you?
K 1 Sdon't have tolmustn't be at work until ten.
R Lucky you. 6 Are you allowed tolShould you work
at home?
K Yes, we 70ught tolcan work at home two days a week.
R Oh, we 8have tolare able to be in the office every day.
K Perhaps you 90ught to/are supposed to look for
another job.
R Yes, maybe. Anyway, 1 lOhave to/can go. Illmustn't/
don't have to be late for my next meeting. Bye!
b E:.1t 10 Listen and check.
HELP WITH GRAMMAR be able to, E:.1t 11 IQ¡lellIIl/!ijt.ji[t11l Listen and practise the
be supposed to, be allowed to, modal verbs (1) sentences in 5a. Copy the stress.
• you should relax
Do you think • more?
•
a Look at the sentences in 3a. Then complete these
rules with the verb forms in bold. Use the infinitive
form if necessary.
We use ... Get ready ... Get it right!
• can and to talk about ability or possibility. Write sentences describing the rules at the place
•
·•• •
•
to saya person is expeeted to do something.
and to say we have permission to
where you work, your school or university. Use
language from 4a and these ideas.
•• • what you can wear
do something.
•• • what time you start and finish
•• • must and to say something is necessary.
• using mobiles, the internet, ete.
• • and to give advice.
• food and drink
b Look again at the verb forms in bold in 3a. Answer • how to behave
these questions. • breaks and holidays
1 Do we use the infinitive or verb+ing after these verb • getting work done on time
forms? • any other ideas
2 Which verb forms include to? In my company all the managers have to wear a suit
3 How do we make these verb forms negative? and tie.
4 How do we make questions with these verb forms? At my school we're allowed to wear what we want.
e Look at these sentences. Then complete the rules a Work in groups. If you work or study in the
with mustn't or don't have to. same place, compare sentences. Do you agree
You mustn't send personal emails fram the office. You with your partners' ideas?
can only send work emails. If you work or study in different places, tell other
You don't have to wear a suit to work, but you can if you students your sentences. Ask questions to find out
more information. Which place has the best rules,
want to.
do you think?
• We use to say something isn't neeessary.
•• b Tell the class about two of the rules your group
• We use to say something is not allowed.
• discussed.
d Check in IclitMW,i¡fj. p130.
V""...,h"lary ood and ways of cooking
Street food ar resent Continuous and

Simple
QUICK REVIEW Modal verbs, be supposed to

Think of one thing you: have to do, ought to do,
should do, don't have to do, are supposed to do next
week. Work in pairs. Tell your partner about these
things. Who is going to have the busiest week?

Food and ways of cooking
a Try to put these words into groups 1-5. Some
words can go in more than one 'group.
a peach beans grill peOanuts lamb

a chTlli an onion a cóconut bárbecue
www.stevesstreetfoodblog.com
flour. a cucumber a pineapple beef boil
herbs
•
sP.ices an avocádo fry a lettuce '\
sauce stir fry a hot dog cream
a green/red pepper noodles bake a pie Ste"e$
fruit a peach
2 vegetables
3 meat
4
5
other food words
ways of cooking STRHT FOOO BLOG I Iive in London, but I travel all over the world
b Work in pairs. Compare your groups 1-5. Then for my job (I'm a photographer) and I always
check new words in IUtlij:!lj','¡t". p129. try the street food wherever I go. For me
there's nothing better than sitting in a square
e Work with your partner. Answer these questions.
or a park eating cheap, freshly-cooked street
Which of the types of food in 1a do you often eat? food - it's the best way to get to know a
Which do you never eat? country and its people. I started blogging
2 How do people in your country usually cook the about street food over three years ago and
meat and vegetables in 1a? my blog is becoming more popular every year.
Now I'm writing a book about street food around the world -
when I'm not working, blogging or eating, of course!
Speaking and Reading
More and more people are visiting Thailand on holiday
a Work in new pairs. Look at photos A-C. Have
these days, but most of them don't stay in Bangkok for
you ever tried these types of street food? If so, did
very long. Big mistake. I come here every year and I can tell you that
you like them? If not, which would you like to try? the country's capital has got some fantastic street food - take pad
b Read the blog. How do you make the types of thai, for example. lt's very quick to make - stir fry some noodles,
food in photos A-C? then add eggs, fish sauce, chillies, chicken, peanuts, herbs and spices
- and it's one of the most incredible dishes you've ever tasted,
a Read the blog again. Answer these questions.
I'm blogging from a busy food market in the centre of
1 Why does Steve travel a lot? [akarta. People still eat a lot of street food in
2 Why does he like eating street food? Indonesia, and satay is probably the country's most popular dish.
When people make satay, they often grill the lamb or chicken, but
3 When did he start his blog?
it tastes better if it's barbecued over an open fire. Then cover the
4 How often does he visit Bangkok? cooked meat with a spicy peanut sauce and serve with onions,
5 Where was Steve on May 19th? cucumber and rice cakes, Delicious!
6 Does he like spicy food?
We're working in Mexico for a few days and at the
b Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. moment I'm sitting in one of Mexico City's busy parks
- and I've just eaten one of the best burritos I've had in my Iife! If
What kinds of street food can you buy in your
you want to make the perfect burrito, start with a freshly-made
country? What are the ingredients? How is it cooked?
flour tortilla - a type of flat bread - then mi it with grilled beef or
2 Do you ever eat street food? If so, what do you eat?
chicken and serve with beans, rice, sour cream, onions, lettuce and
•
avocado. So why was this one so good? The extra-hot chilli sauce!
a Read Steve's blog entry from Los Angeles. Put the verbs
in brackets in the Present Simple or Present Continuous.
www.stevesstreetfoodblog.com/LAfestival e
I 1 'm s§ying (stay) with my cousin in Los
Angeles and I 2 (blog) from the
L.A. Street Food festival, which 3 (happen)
here every summer. A lot of people in Los Angeles really
4 (Iove) street food and the festival
_____ (become) more popular every year. There
6 (be) over 60 stalls at this year's festival and
1,500 people 7__ __ (enjoy) the food, the drinks
and the sunshine.1 8 (come) here every
year and I 9 (not understand) why more
cities 10 (not have) festival s like this one.
At the moment I 11 (have) Indian meatballs
with fried green peppers in a spicy coconut sauce, and my
cousin 12__ (eat) the longest hot dog I've ever
seen! After this we 13 _ (want) to try some
pineapple and strawberry ice cream!
HELP WITH GRAMMAR

b Work in pairs. Compare answers.
Present Continuous and Present Simple
a Look at the blog again. Match the verb forms a Write four sentences in the Present Continuous about
in blue to these meanings. There are two verb how eating habits in your country are changing. Use these
• forms for each meaning. ideas or your own.
e We use the Present Continuous for things that: e street food e organic food e food from other countries
• a are happening at the moment of speaking or e fast food e supermarkets e the amount people eat
writing, 'm blogging e prices e quality of food
b are temporary and happening around now, but
People are eating more street food these days.
maybe not at this exact moment.
e are changing over a period of time. b Work in groups. Compare sentences. Are any the same?
e We use the Present Simple for:

• a habits and routines with always, sometimes,
•
• never, every day, every year, etc. try
b things that are permanent, or true for a long time, Make questions with you. Put the verbs in brackets in
•• the Present Simple or Present Continuous.
e verbs that describe states (be, have gat, want, etc.).
• 1 Are ou fee/in[L (feel)hungry now?
b Look at these verbs. Do they usually describe
activities (A) or states (S)? Do we usually use 2 (usually eat) a lot of street food?
• 3 (cook) for yourself every day?
state verbs in the Present Continuous?
4 (try)to eat more healthilythese days?
• be S watch A talk seem spend
• 5 (want) to learn how to cook?
• agree eat taste prefer know learn
• 6 (Iook)for somewhere to live?
• own buy understand cook remember
• believe take need happen love 7 (often read) blogs?
•
8 (watch) any good TV series
at the moment?
• e How do we make the positive, negative and
question forms of the Present Continuous and
a Ask other students your questions. Try to find one
• Present Simple?
person who answers yes for each question. Then ask
d Check in Id¡t.lMMi;',. p131. two follow-up questions.
b Work in groups. Tell other students three things you
li1!It 12 IQ¡U1l!11lií¡¡.jiUIIIListen and practjse. found out about the class.
Copy the stress and contractions (I'm, etc.).
t'm blogging from a busy stnfet fo·od market.
Vocabulary sleep; gradable and
strong adjectives; adverbs
Skills Listening: a TV interview;
Sleepless nights Reading: a newspaper article
QUICK REVIEW Food and ways of cooking

,. Write four ways of cooking (boíl, etc.) and
a l!It
13 Listen to a TV interview with a sleep scientist.
Check your answers to 3.
two types of food you can cook for each verb
(potatoes, noodles, etc.). Work in pairs. Take b Listen again. Answer these questions.
turns to say two types of food. Your partner 1 How many British people have serious insomnia?
guesses the verb: A Potatoes and noodles. 2 How were sleeping habits different 100 years ago?
B You can boíl them. A Ves, that's ríght. 3 Who needs the least amount of sleep?
4 What happened when a British school started lessons
an hour later?
Vocabulary and Speaking Sleep 5 What do our brains do when we're asleep?
Work in pairs. Which of these words/phrases do

-- HELP WITH LlSTENING Weak forms (1)
you know? Then check new words/phrases in
ij,¡gJ:!ii!¡ji"'. p129. -- • In sentences we say many small words with a schwa la/
-- sound. These are called weak forms.
fall aSle-ep wake üp . get (back) to sle-ep a l!It
14 Listen to the strong and weak forms of these
be wide aw8.ke be fast aSle-ep snore words. Do we usually say these words in their strong or
havetrouble sle-eping have insomnia weak forms?
take a sle-epingpill have a dre-am
havea nightmare be a light/heavy sle-eper
-- strong weak , strong weak
have a nap
-- do Idu:1
-
Idal of /ov/ lavl
-- you Iju:1 Ijal and lrendl lanl
--
a Choose five words/phrases from 1 that are
connected to you, or people you know. .- at lretl
-- latl to Itu:1
--+--
Ital
b Work in groups. Take turns to talk about the

- for Ib:1 Ifal can Ikrenl Ikanl
b Look at these sentences from the beginning of the
words/phrases you chose. Ask follow-up questions
interview. Which words do we hear as weak forms?
if possible.
How many people®~know who have trouble sleeping
at night? For many of us insomnia's pan of life, and not
Listening being able to get to sleep isn't just annoying, it can also be
very dangerous.
Work in pairs. Look at these sentences about
sleep. Try to choose the correct words or numbers. c l!It 13 Listen and check. Are weak forms stressed?
d Look at Audio Script l!It 13 p157. Listen to the
interview again. Notice the weak forms and sentence stress.
Which other words do we often hear as weak forms?
Reading, Vocabulary and Speaking

a Work in pairs. Think of at least five things people can do
to help them get to sleep.
1 Tiredness causes more/less than half of all road b Read the article. Why does Kevin have insomnia? What
accidents in the USA. has he tried to do to get a good nigh 's sleep?
2 10%/30% of people in the UK have problems cRead the article again. Answer these questions.
getting to sleep or staying asleep.
1 How much sleep did Kevin ge las mght?
3 Nowadays people are sleeping 30/90 minutes less
2 What happens on a typical nig t?
than they did 100 years ago.
3 When does he sleep well?
4 Teenagers need more/less sleep than adults.
4 What does he find stressful about s job?
5 Teenagers naturally wake up two/three hours later
than adults. 5 Which cure for insomnia hasn' eed? Why not?
6 We use less/the same amount of energy when d Work in pairs. Compare ans ers. at advice would
we're asleep compared to when we're resting. you give Kevin?
: HELP WITH VOCABULARY
:. Gradable and strong adjectives; adverbs
a Complete the table with the strong adjectives in pink
•• in the article. What other strong adjectives do you know
•• that mean 'very good'?
•
•• gradable adjectives strong adjectives
•
• good brilliant
bad
tired
big
difficult
frightened
surprised
It's a • b Match the gradable adjectives in A to the strong

adjectives in B.
nigbtmare! A
tasty small cold
B
• o
fiIt~y furious delicious
o
Kemn Wells talks about how insomnia

is making his life impossible. .hot beautiful big
interested angry
. delighted fascinated
gorgeous b¿iling tTny
•
happy dirty
• enórmous freeezing
've always had trouble sleeping, but these days my
I insomnia is getting worse. Actually, my problem isn't
getting to sleep, it's staying asleep. Take last night, for e Look at the adverbs in blue in the article. Which of
example. I was exhausted when I went to bed at 11.00 these adverbs do we use with: gradable adjectives (G),
and I was fast asleep by 11.30. But then I woke up at strong adjectives (S)? Which adverb do we use with
3.00 after a terrible nightmarEf.Soon I was wide awake ••• both types of adjective?
and it was impossible to get back to sleep. Sometimes •
when I'm awake at that time I get extremely depressed • extn3mely G reOally absolútely
•
f/' o o o
and feel like it's the end of the worlo..So I read a book, • incredibly very fairly
answered some emails, and finally got back to sleep at ••
about 5.30. The alarm went off at seven and I went off to
work feeling awful.
·• d Check in VOCABUlARY 2.4 p130.
That's a typical night for me. I've had insomnia for so

a Fill in the gaps with an adverb from 7c. Use different
long I'm amazed if I ever sleep through the night, and by
adverbs where possible. Complete the sentences for you.
the end of the week I always feel really shattered. I only
get a good night's sleep when I'm on holiday - but when 1 I'm usually exhausted after ...
I do I feel absolutely fantastic the next day. 2 It's difficult for me to .
I know that work is part of the problem. I'm a website 3 I was delighted when .
designer and I have to meet deadlines every week, which
4 I've got ajan beautiful .
is very stresstul. lt's a brilliant job and I don't want to give
it up, but I work really long hours and I'm always under 5 I think ... is delicious.
a lot of pressure. I often work at home, so it's incredibly 6 l'rn interested In ...
difficult to relax at the end of the day because there's 7 I was surprised/angry when ...
always more work I can do. Money's also a huge worry
8 I thought ... was brilliant/awful.
for me because I've just bought a new flat and I'm getting
married soon, which will be very expensive. b Work in pairs. Take turns to say your sentences.
I've tried nearly everything to cure my insomnia, but Ask follow-up questions if possible.
nothing works for long. I started going to the gym, but it
didn't help me sleep, it just made me more exhausted. a Work in groups. Write a sleep survey. Write at least five
I have a fairly healthy diet and I don't drink coffee after questions. Use words/phrases from 1 or your own ideas.
4 p.m. any more. I've tried relaxation COs, hypnosis,
How long does it take you to get to sleep?
online support groups -1 even bought a new bed. I don't
want to start taking sleeping pills because I'm terrified b Ask other students in the class. Write the answers.
of becoming addicted to them. Perhaps it's time for me
to accept that insomnia is part of my life - then maybe 1'11 e Work in your groups. Compare answers.
•
stop worrying so much and get some sleep! d Tell the class two things you found out.
~REAL Real World showing concern,
WORLD giving and responding to

advice

1 What types of problem do people often ask for
advice about?
2 Who was the last person you asked for advice?
What did you ask them about? Oid their advice
helpyou?
3 When díd you last give someone advice? What
was it about? Oid he/she take your advice?
Why?/Why not?
a Work in new pairs. Look at the photos. What

do you remember about Lisa, Rebecca and •• REALWORLD
Charlie? • Showing concern, giving and responding to advice
••
b mm:m-2 E!1J15 Watch or listen to two
a Write these headings in the correct places 1-3.
conversations. What problems do Rebecca
and Charlie talk about? giving advice responding to advice showing concern
e Work with your partner. Compare answers.
a Work in the same pairs. Do you think these Oh, dear. What's the matter? Oh, howawful!
sentences are true (T) or false (F)? lean see why you're upset. I'm sorry to hear that.
Conversation 1 Oh, dear. What a shame. Yes, I see what you mean.
a The baby wakes up two or three times every •
2
night.
Have you tried talking to him about it?
b Rebecca and Charlie are arguing more than
usual. Perhaps you ought to spend more time together.
e Rebecca thinks Charlie is spending too much Maybe you should sleep in separate rooms.
money. Why don't you talk to her about it?
d Lisa thinks that Rebecca and Charlie should I'd take her out for a really nice meal.
have two evenings off a week.
3
Conversation 2
Yes, you could be right.
e Andy thinks that Rebecca and Charlie should
Well, it's worth a try, I guess.
sleep in separate rooms.
I've tried that, but (we just start arguing agai .
Charlie thinks Rebecca buys too many things for
herself. Yes, that's a good idea.
9 Andy doesn't think Charlie will lose his job. I might try that.
h Andy thinks Charlie should take Rebecca on b Which verb forms come after e es in bold?
holiday.
e Look at these ways to ask for a 11 in the gaps
b mm:m-2 E!1J15 Watch or listen again. with I should or should l.
Check your answers.
1 What do?
e Work with your partner. Compare answers. 2 What do you think
Correct the false sentences.
d Check in Mili.lllm!;I ••• ). p 3 .
•
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION
Strong and weak forms
E!It 14 Work in pairs. Do you remember how we
say the strong and weak forms of these words?
Listen and check. Listen again and practise.
do you at for of and to can
a E!lt18 Listen to this conversation. Circle the

words in pink that you hear in their strong forms.
JO Which company do you work ~ ?
ED It's ca11ed Getaway Holidays. 1 work for the
owner.
JO Reallyr I'm thinking of going on holiday soon.
Do you think you can get me a cheap flight?
ED Yes, maybe 1 can. Where do you want to fly to?
JO We11, my brother's working at a hotel in the
Caribbean and I'd like to go and see him.
ED Which hotel is he working at?
JO It's ca11ed The Island Palace. Do you know it?
HELP WITH LlSTENING
ED Yes, 1 do. How long do you want to go for?
Intonation (1): sounding concerned JO About three weeks if 1 can .
•
E!lt16 Listen to the same sentences said twice. ED OK,1'l1 see what 1 can do for you. Text me!
Which person sounds more concerned, a or b?
b Work in pairs. Compare answers. When do we
1@b 3ab 5ab •• usually use the strong forms of the words in 1?
•
2ab 4ab 6ab •• e Listen again. Practise each line of the
••
E!It 17 IA¡UlIIlIIIM.ji(ml
Listen and practise the •
conversation.
phrases in 4a. Copy the stress and intonation. •• d Work in pairs. Practise the conversation. Take
Oh, dear. Wh.:it's the matter?
•• turns to be Jo and Ed.
a Use these prompts to write two conversations.

continue21earn
BOB Hi, Tim. You look terrible. lWhat / matter?
1 What's the matter?
TIM My girlfriend and 1 have had a big argumento • Vocabulary, Grammar and Real World
BOB 20h dear. / sorry / hear that. • Extra Practice 2 and Progress Portfolio 2 p116
TIM And now she won't answer my ca11s. 3What / 1 do?
BOB "Perhaps / ought / write her an email to say sorry.
• 2A-D Workbook p10
TIM 5We11,/ worth / try, / guess.
BOB 6And 1 / send her some flowers.
• Self-study DVD-ROM 2 with Review Video
TIM 7Yes, / good idea. 81/ try that. Thanks a loto
MIA Look at this planto It's dying, isn't it?

LIZ 9Yes, / see what / mean.
MIA lOWhat / think 1 / do?
LIZ llHave / try / give / it more water?
MIA 12Yes, / try / that, but it didn't work.
LIZ 13We11,why / put it in a bigger pot?
MIA 14Yes, / could / right. Thanks for the advice.
e Practise the conversations with your partner. • Reading and Writing
• Portfolio 2 Notices at work Workbook p66
Work in groups of three. Student A p102. Student B Reading notices
p107. Student C p113. Writing notices; abbreviations
•
Vocabulary phrasal verbs (1): travel
Grammar Present Perfect Simple: experience,
The tourist trade unfinished past and recent events
QUICK REVIEW Giving and

respondlng.to advice Write three
problems that you, or people you
know, have at the momento Work in
pairs. Take turns to tell your partner
the problems and give advice.

Phrasal verbs (1): travel
a Work in pairs. Can you guess the
meaning of the phrasal verbs in bold
in these sentences? Then check in
tNgd:!ij'·l¡U't p132.
Have you ever set off very early to
go on holiday?
2 What's the best way for tourists to
get around your country?
3 What problems do people
sometimes have to deal with on
holiday?
4 When people stay in a hotel, what
happens when they check in?
5 What time do they usually have to
check out?
6 Did anyone see you off the last time
you went on holiday?
7 Did anyone pick you up from the
airport or the station when you
got back?
8 Have you ever had to put up with
noisy people on holiday?
9 Does anyone look after your pets or
Listening
plants when you go away? a 1liJl.19 Look at the photos of Megan and Clive. Listen to them
10 Are you looking forward to your talking about their jobs. Answer these questions.
next holiday? 1 Do they like their jobs?
b Work in new pairs. Ask and 2 What problems do they have in their jobs?
answer the questions in 1a. Ask
b Work in pairs. Who said these sentences, Megan or Clive?
follow-up questions if possible.
a I've worked in the USA and in Europe, and I really enjoyed my time there too.
Have you ever set off very b We've been away a few times, but each time there was a problem at the hotel.
early to go on holiday? e My wife and I started working in the hotel industry 19 years ago.
d Three days ago a guy set off on his own into the mountains without telling
Yes, 1 have, actually. anyone where he was going.
~ e I've lived in this country for about three years.
What time did you We've had this place since 2008.
leave home?
9 I've just been to Banff to pick him up from the hospital.
h My wife's gone to see some friends off at Manches er airport .
. At 3.30 a.m~
e Listen again. Check your answers and put the sentences in the arder
you hear them .
•
HELP WITH GRAMMAR
• Present Perfect Simple
a Look at the sentences in 2b again. Then
complete these rules with Present Perfect Simple
(PPS) oi" Past Simple (PS). Which sentences in 2b
•
match. each rule?
• We use the for experiences that happened
some time before now, but we don't know or don't
say when they happened. To give more information
about an experience we use the
• We use the tosay when something
happened.
• We use the for something that started in
the past and continues in the present.
• We use the for something that happened
a short time ago, but we don't say exactly when. a Read about Lewis and Veronica's restaurant in the
Canary Islands. Put the verbs in brackets in the Present
b How do we make positive sentences, negatives Perfect Simple or Past Simple.
and questions in the Present Perfect Simple? When we 1 were (be) younger we 2 (come)
•
,e Look at sentences e-h in 2b again. What is the here on holiday every year. Then we 3 (move)
difference between: tor and since? been and gone? here in 2007 and 4 (open) a restaurant.
We 5 __ (live)here since then and we
d Which of these words/phrases can we use with 6 (just open) a guest house on the other side
• the Present Perfect Simple? Which do we use with of the island. Of course, we 7_ (have)a lot of
the Past Simple? visitors from hame since then. My parents 8
(arrive) last week - it's the fourth time they 9
• never ago ever recently lately
• (visit) us this year! Veronica's family are arriving today too -
• before in 1997 this week last week she 10 (just gol to pick them up at the
•
• just at 10 o'clock yet already airport. The main problem is holidays. We 11
•
• (go) to Turkey twice, but our last holiday 12
e Look at this sentence. Then choose the correct (be) 18 months ago and we 13 (not have) any
verb form in the rule. time off since then.
This is the first time we've run a hotel in a touristy b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Discuss why you
place like the Lake District. chose each answer.
•
• After this is the first time, this ls the secand time, etc. e ED-23 Listen and check.
•• we use the Present Simple/Present Perfect Simple.
• 'H¡t!lftM6'¡ilt Work in pairs. Student A p102. Student B p107.
• f Check in p133.
ED- 20 IQ¡U!I!iiI@illt!l1
Listen and practise.
Copy the stress and contractions (I've, etc.). Get ready ... Get it right!
• ••
I've worked in the USA and in Europe. Write these people, things and places on a piece of
paper. Don't write them in order.
•
•• HELP WITH LlSTENING • a friend you've known for most of your life
Present Perfect Simple or Past Simple • someone you met on your last holiday
a ED-21 Listen to how we say these phrases. • something you've had for ages
•• Notice the difference. • something you got for your last birthday
1 I've met I met 4 they've told they told • a place you went to last year
• • a place you've been to this year
2 you've had you had 5 he's wanted he wantec
3 we've won we won 6 she's lived she lived a Work in pairs. Swap papers. Ask and answer
b ED- 22 Listen to six sentences. Are the verbs
questions about the people, things and places on
your partner's paper.
in the Present Perfect Simple (PPS) or Past Simple
(PS)? I b Tell the class two things you found out about
~ur partner.
Vocabulary phrases with travel, get
and go on
Lonely Planet Grammar Present Perfect Continuous
and Present Perfect Simple
QUICK REVIEW Present Perfect Simple Work

in pairs. Askquestions with Have you ever ... ? to the world's greatest travellers
find out five things you've done in your life that your
partner hasn't done. o Nobody has changed the way we travel more than Tony and Maureen
Wheeler, the founders of the publishing company Lonely Planet.
"Ihe company has been publishing guide books tor 40 years and
Vocabulary it sells over 5 million books a year in English. It also publishes books
in seven other languages and the Lonely Planet website is one of the
Phrases with trave/, get and go on most popular travel sites on the internet.
Work in pairs. Do we use these words/phrases Q The story began when Tony and Maureen met on
with: 1 travel, 2 get, 3 go on? Then check in a park bench in London in 1971. They got
acroS. ASIA on the ch •• p
l1H1jfJ:liltt'¡\j'. p132. married ayear later and for their honeymoon

--, they travelled across Europe and Asia to Australia
on your own 1 intolout of a car 2 a trip 3
in an old van. A few months later they arrived
back from somewhere a guided to·ur independently
in Sydney with only 27 cents in their pockets.
a jo·urney ñrst/búsmess/ecónomy class a cruise
Everyone they met asked them about their
here/there by (10.30) togetherlseparately light
incredible journey, so they decided to write a
on/off a bus/plane/train a package holiday a taxi
a Complete these sentences with the correct form

book about it. They wrote a 93-page guide book
called Across Asia on the Cheap at their kitchen
table and it sold 8,000 copies in three months.
-- s·.,
of travel, get or go on.

1 I like long car journeys.
e With the money they made from the book, Tony and Maureen spent
the next 18 months travelling around southeast Asia. They wrote their
2 I sometimes a taxi home after work. second guide book, Southeast Asia on a Shoestring, in a Singapore
3 I a guided tour last year. hotel room. 2The book has been a best-seller since it was
4 I like on my own. published in 1973 and has sold over a million copies.
5 I sometimes taxis when I'm late. I 3lonely Planet has published over 650 books since the company
6 I never a cruise. began and it employs around 450 people and over 200 authors.
7 When I go away, I usually light. The Lonely Planet website is visited by about 5 million people every
month and their internet forum, called The Thorn Tree, is one of the
b Tick the sentences in 2a that are true for you.
most popular places online for advice on travelling independently.
Change the other sentences to make them true for you.
4Their television company, lonely Planet
e Work in pairs. Compare sentences. How many TV, has been making programmes since
are the same? 2004 and there's also a monthly Lonely
Planet magazine and apps for your phone.
Speaking and Reading The company has certainly come a long
way since Tony and Maureen's honeymoon
a Work in groups. Discuss these questions. adventure. "1 think we've done a good
1 Which places do guide books about your country thing," says Maureen, "and Istill believe
recommend for tourists? Why? that travel is the best way tor people to
2 What are the advantages and disadvantages of using understand the worId. "
a guide book in a new country?
3 Have you ever taken a guide book on holiday?
If so, was it useful? Why?/Why not?
b Look at the photos and read the article. Then
Read the article again. Answer these questions.
match headings 1-5 to paragraphs A-E.
1 How long has Lonely Planet been publishing guide books?
1 A romantic adventure
2 What did Tony and Maureen do on their honeymoon?
2 Online, on TV and on your phone
3 Where did they write their second guide book?
3 Guide books for the planet
4 How many books has Lonely Planet published?
4 How to understand the world
5 What is The Thorn Tree?
5 Their first best-seller
6 What else do Lonely Planet do?
•
a Put the verb in brackets in the Present Perfect
Continuous or the Present Perfect Simple. Use the
Present Perfect Continuous where possible. Then
choose for or since where necessary.
1 I 've been workin _ (work) here (jifJ /since six months.
2 How long you (travel)?
3 Scott (write books) tar/since 2006.
4 He (write) five books so faro
5 They (not play) golf tor/since long.
6 How long __ he _ __ (have)that car?
7 I (know) Zak tar/since we were kids.
8 We (wait) tor/since two hours.
b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Discuss why you
chose each verb formo
e 1IIJ24 14¡Ul1!l1ll9Wulli Listen and check. Listen again
and practise. Copy the stress and weak forms.
I've been Ibml working here tor Ifdl six ~onths.
How long have l<Jvlyou been Ibml travelling?
• HELP WITH GRAMMAR Present Perfect Work in groups. Student A p102. Student B p107.
•• Continuous and Present Perfect Simple
•
a Look at sentences 1 and 2 in bold in the article.
•• Then fill in the gaps in these rules with Present
Perfect Continuous (PPC) or Present Perfect a Draw a timeline of your life. Write when these
•• Simple (PPS). things happened on the line.
•• • We usually use the to talk about an activity • you started living in your house/flat
• that started in the past and continues in the present. • you first met your oldest friend
•
•• • We usually use the __ to talk about a state that • you started learning English
•• started in the past and continues in the present. • you started the job/course you're doing now
•
• b Fill in the gaps for the Present Perfect • you first met your boyfriend/girlfriend/husband/wife
• Continuous with 've, haven't, 's, hasn't, been • you got your favourite possession(s)
• or verb+ing. • you bought the car/mobile/computer you have now
POSITIVE • your own ideas
I/you/we/they + or have + been + verb+ing
met started living started
• he/she/it + or has + been +
Marco in flat job
NEGATIVE
I/you/we/they + + been + verb+ing •••••• I I
he/she/it + + + verb+ing 2001 2006 July NOW
• e Look at sentences 3 and 4 in bold in the article.

Then choose the correct words in these rules. b Plan what you're going to say about your timeline.
• We usually use the Present Perfect Cantinuaus/ Use the Present Perfect Continuous or Present
• Perfect Simple with tor and since.
• Simple to say how long an activity has been
••
• happening. a Work in pairs. Take turns to talk about your
• timeline. Ask follow-up questions if possible.
• • We usually use the Present Perfect Cantinuaus/
• Simple to say how many things are finished.
I've been living in rny Where did you
• d Look at questions 1 and 4 in 4. How do we ~t since May 2~ live before that?
l __ ~
make Present Perfect Continuous questions with
Haw long ... ? How do we make Present Perfect b Tell the class two things you found out about
Simple questions with How many ... ? your partner.
•
• e Check in IMMiM·,¡,f. p134.
Vocabulary word building(1):
suffixes for adjectivesand nouns
Skills Listening:a radiointerview;
Voluntourism Reading:holidayblogs
QUICK REVIEW Present Perfect Continuous

Work in groupS. ·Ask questions with How
long ... ? to tind out who has been: coming a Two tourists have written blogs on the Voluntours
to this school the longest, learning English the website. Work in two groups. Group A, read Shelley's blog.
longest, working in the same job the longest, Group B, read William's blog. Find the answers to these
living in the same house or tlat the longest. questions.
1 Where is he/she on holiday?
2 How long has he/she been there?
3 Where is he/she staying?
Speaking and Listening 4 What sort of work does he/she do?
Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. 5 What does he/she do on his/her days off?
1 Which holidays can you remember from your 6 What's the best thing about the holiday?
childhood? 7 What's the most difficult thing?
2 What's the best (or worst) holiday you've ever 8 Would he/she recommend the holiday?
had?
b Work with a student from the other group. Ask and
3 Imagine your perfect holiday. Where would you
answer the questions.
go? What would you do there?
cRead your partner's blog. Check his/her answers.
a D:!It25 Listen to an interview with
d Would you like to go on either of these holidays?
Alison Armstrong, a travel expert. What is
Why? /Why not?
'voluntourism'? Why is it becoming so popular?
b Listen again. Choose the correct words,
www.voluntours.netlmediacentre/blogs
phrases or numbers in these sentences.
1 17%/25% of people in the UK take a year off
before they are 17/25.
2 Voluntourism holidays are on/y tor young peop/e/
ter peop/e ot al! ages.
VOLUNTOURS \U~
3 Alison thinks it's easy/hard to meet local people
on a normal holiday.
Giving the world a helping hand
4 Tourists have to/don't have to pay to go on
voluntourism holidays.
5 The presenter thinks/doesn't think these holidays
Shelley Parker, Australia
are a good idea.
I'm on a voluntourism holiday in Nepal and wanted to tell
e Work in pairs. Compare answers. everyone all about it! I've been working at a school in a village
near Kathmandu for two weeks and I've enjoyed every minute
• HELP WITH LlSTENING of it. The best thing about the holiday has been working with
Linking (1): consonant-vowellinks the children. I spend six hours a day at the school, mainly
helping the teachers in the classroom and organising games
• We usually link words that end in a consonant
• for the younger kids. I've also been teaching English to the
sound with words that start with a vowel sound.
older children, which is great fun. I'm amazed at the kindness
a D:!It25 Listen to the beginning of the and patience of the local staff, they've really helped me feel
interview again. Notice the consonant-vowel at home. I'm staying with a Nepalese family in the village
links. and I share a room with another volunteer. My bed isn't very
comfortable, but I'm usually so exhausted it doesn't matter!
Good~afternoo~and welcome to Ta~a
On our days off we go walking in the mountains and I'm
Break. Today we're taking ja look. at the ri~n
getting very fit and healthy. The scenery here is absolutely
voluntourismjaround the world. I'm he re
wonderful and I love being surrounded by nature. But it can
wi~liso0rmstrong from the travel website
be a bit dangerous so we always take a guide with usoThe
voluntours.net. Alison, first~oCall, can you
most difficult thing about the holiday is being away from my
• tell~all~our listeners what voluntourism.jis?
family - this is the first time I've been out of Australia. I'm glad
b Look at Audio Script D:!It25p159. this type of holiday is becoming more popular with young
Listen again and notice the linking. people and I'd recommend this experience to anyone.
•
HELP WITH VOCABULARY
Word building (1): suffixes for adjectives
and nouns
• We sometimes make adjectives from nouns,
and nouns from adjectives, by adding a suffix
(-ness, -ous, etc.).
a Work in pairs. Look at the words in blue

• and pink in the blogs. Which are adjectives
••• and which are nouns? Underline the suffix in
•• each pair of words.
•• kind kindness
••
•••
b Write the words in the correct places in
these tables.
••
• adjective noun suffix
kind kindness -ness
-ce
-y
-ity
noun adjective suffix

-ous
-able
-al
•• -y
•
• e Which words in 5b only add the suffix?
•
•• Which words have extra changes in spelling?
••
•• d Look at the suffixes of these words. Are
• they adjectives (A) or nouns (N)?
•• knowledgeable A sadness N
• traditional noisy confidence
•
William Boyd, Scotland •• adventurous activity musical
I've been staying on Grenada, an island in the Caribbean, for three •• possibility honesty fashionable
weeks and I'm having a brilliant time! There are nine volunteers in •• famous touristy importance
our group and everyone's very kind and helpful. We're staying at a • laziness modesty
•
campsite by the beach and I share a tent with two other volunteers.
At first I had a lot of difficulty getting to sleep and I missed the • e What are the nouns for the adjectives in
comfort of my own bed, but I'm sleeping OK now and Ilove living in 5d? What are the adjectives tor the nouns?
•
such a natural environment. We take turns to prepare meals for the
• knowledgeable -+ knowledge sadness -+ sad
group, which is the worst part of the holiday for me because I hate ••
cooking. We have one day off a week, which I spend diving around • f Check in lilelif!i:lli!M". p133.
the coral reefs near here. But of course the main reason we're here
is to protect the turtles from other animals and people who want to Work in pairs. Take turns to test each other
steal their eggs. We also check each turtle's health and measure on the nouns and adjectives in 5b and 5d.
how big they are. Turtles have been living on our planet for 230
million years - they're even older than the dinosaurs - but now possible possibility
'--¡
they're in danger of becoming extinct. You have to be very patient, ~
but it's incredible to watch a turtle walk out of the sea and lay her
eggs on the beach. That's definitely been the most amazing part of Work in groups ot three. Student A p105.
the holiday for me. I'm not surprised voluntourism is increasing in Student B p110. Student C p113.
popularityand I'd definitely recommend coming to Grenada.
~REAL
WORLD RealWorld askingfor and
makingrecommendations
• REALWORLD
••• Asking for and making recommendations
•
a Fill in the gaps with the words in the boxes.
••
asking tor recommendations
•
••
• §ee6 visiting tips about best
Do you know any 1 good places to stay/eat?

What's the 2 way to (get around)?
What else is worth 3 ?
What 4 (places outside Delhi)?
Have you got any other 5 ?
recommending things
worth best definitely must recommend
It's probably 6 to (use rickshaws).

I'd 7 (the trains).
You should 8 see (the Red Fort).
That's well9 seeing.
You really 10 go to (Agra) to see
(the Taj Mahal).
not recommending things
bother Don't wouldn't worth

Don't 11 going to (the museums).
It isn't really 12 visiting, (1don't think).
13
drink anything with ice in it.
Work in groups. Look at the photos. What do you know about 114 eat any salads.
India? Would you like to go there? Why?/Why not?
responding to recommendations
a ~3 EJ:II.26Look at the photo on p29. Ella and
useful heard know sounds
Mike are going on a trip to Delhi. They're asking Rebecca
and Charlie for recommendations. Watch or listen to their That's good to 15
conversation and tick the topics they talk about. Which two That 16 good.
topics don't they talk about? Thanks, that's really 17
e the best time to visit e getting around Yes, I've 18 that before.
e things (not) to see in the city e changing money
e things to see outside Delhi e places to eat b Which verb form comes after these phrases?
e dangers and problems e places to stay 1 It's (well/not) worth ...
b Watch or listen again. Tick the true sentences. Correct the 2 Don't bother .
false ones. 3 I'd/l wouldn't .
Rebecca and Charlie think that ... e Check in '#"9111;11'1'. p134.
1 rickshaws are the best way to get around the city.
2 it's better to travel to other cities by bus. EJ:II.27 'Qi!tllilil!3t.jj(t111 Listen and practise the
3 Ella and Mike should visit the museums in Delhi. sentences in 3a. Copy the stress.
4 they should go to the Red Fort in Old Delhi. Do you knów any good p/!wes to stay?
5 they can visit the Taj Mahal and come back the same day. What's the best way to get aro·und?
6 there's only one good restaurant in Connaught Place.
•
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION
The schwa Idl in suffixes
a lI'i1DJ 28
Listen and notice how we say the
suffixes in blue. We say each suffix with a schwa Id/.
kindness laziness assistant accountant

dangerous famous comfortable fashionable
musical natural improvement argument
author director collection decision
b Listen again and practise. Are the suffixes

stressed?
a Underline the suffixes from 1a in these

sentences.
1 It's dangerous to be ambitious and adventurous.
2 The accountant's assistant is very important.
a Use these prompts to write conversations. 3 She's knowledgeable, reliable and fashionable.
1
4 He felt both happiness and sadness after his illness.
A / know / good places to eat in town? 5 The director had three visitors - an author, a doctor
•• and an actor.
Do you know any good places to eat in town? •
•• 6 We had a discussion and made a decision to do
8 Well, you / definitely go / Nero's in the city centre.
•• some revision.
A What / places near where we're staying?
• 7 It's a traditional medical centre that uses natural
8 / recommend the Grove Restaurant. It's opposite •• herbal medicine.
the hotel. •
•• 8 There's disappointment in the government because
A Thanks, that / useful. • there's no improvement in unemployment.
••
2 •• b 1I'i1DJ29 Listen and practise the sentences.
A Where / best place / stay? • c Work in pairs. Take turns to say the sentences.
•
8 / probably best / stay in the Madison. It's the nicest
hotel in the city.
A OK, thanks. / got / other tips?
8 l/carry too much money at night. continue21earn
A / good / know. Thanks.
3 • Vocabulary, Grammar and Real World

A What / best places / visit in the city centre? • Extra Practice 3 and Progress Portfolio 3 p117
8 / must go to the National Art Gallery. It's amazing. • Language Summary 3 p132
A What else / worth / see ? Are there any good museums? • 3A-D Workbook p15
8 Well, I / bother / go / the City Museum. It / not worth /
visit, / I / think.
A Ves / hear / before.
c Practise the conversations with your partner.
a Choose a town, city or country you know well.

Make a list of at least four recommendations you can
give about the place you have chosen. Use the topics
in 2a or your own ideas.
b Work in pairs. If you have chosen different places,
take turns to ask for and give recommendations. If you • Reading and Writing
have chosen the same place, take turns to be a tourist • Portfolio 3 Holiday arrangements Workbook p68
and ask your partner for recommendations. Use Reading a formal letter
language in 3a and your own ideas. Writing formal writing; American and British
English
11
Vocabulary collocations (2): music
Grammar Past Simple and
Musical experiences Past Continuous; used to
QUICK REVIEW Asking for and NIKKI WILLlAMS, USA

making recommendations Work in Five years ago I was living in New
pairs. Student A, imagine you are a York with my cousin and I used to
tourist in the town/city you are in now. go to a lot of gigs. Back then I was
Ask your partner for recommendations one of Lady Gaga's biggest fans and
I listened to her second album all
for places to stay, eat and visitoStudent
the time. For my 21 st birthday my
B, answer your partner's questions and boyfriend bought tickets to see her
make recommendations. play live - l've never been so excited
in my life! We had really good seats
near the front and when Lady Gaga
came onstage the whole crowd went
Vocabulary and Speaking absolutely crazy. It was a fantastic
Collocations (2): music atmosphere and all the fans were
singing along. That night she sang
Work in pairs. Match the verbs for over two hours and changed her
in Ato words/phrases in B. Then costume about 20 times! While she
check in ij.tg.!:!iI!MI't p135. was doing an encore, she threw her
shoes into the crowd - and I caught
A B one of them! My boyfriend wanted
do/play a new single/ to sell it on eBay, but I wouldn't
be \ album/CO let him. Now it's my most valuable
possession - and a great souvenir of
release a concert/a gig
a fantastic gig.
a big fan of a
singer/band
DANNY BREEN, IRELAND
do on tour When I was a teenager in Oublin I loved dance music and wanted to become a
download an encore famous OJ. I practised for hours every day in my bedroom and I used to OJ at
a track onto my friends' parties. Then I moved to London and got a job working behind the bar
be/go
at a club called Oreamworld. One Saturday night the main OJ didn't turn up and
phone
the manager asked me to play instead. Twenty minutes later I was standing in
have onstage front of 1,000 people! I was incredibly nervous, but as soon as I started playing
see someone play live the first track I began to relax. AII the clubbers were dancing and having a good
time - it was the best feeling in the world. While I was playing my last track,
be/go an album/a CO in
the manager came over and congratulated me. I gave up OJing later that year
the charts
because I broke my arm, but 1'11 never forget that amazing night!
a Write the names of three

bands, musicians, composers or
singers you like. Choose phrases
from 1 that you can use to talk
about them.
b Work in pairs. Talk about the
bands or people you have chosen.
Ask questions to find out more
information.
I'm a big fan Yes, me too.

of Coldplay. Have you ever
seen them play
I live ?
Reading
Read about Nikki and Oanny's
best ever musical experiences.
What was special about each one?
a Read about Nikki and Danny again. 1!It30 IQ¡W!I!I!ijf.ji[UlI Listen and practise. Copy the stress and
Answer these questions. weak forms.
1 When did Nikki see Lady Gaga live? she threw her shaes inta the crówd -+ WhT!e she was /w'dz/ dóing an
2 Where did Nikki and her boyfriend sit? encare, she threw her sho·es into the crówd.
3 How long was Lady Gaga onstage?

a Read about Sophie. What was her best ever musical experience?
4 What did her boyfriend want to do with
the shoe?
5 Where did Danny first start DJing?
6 Where did he work when he moved to
London?
7 Why did his manager ask him to DJ in the club?
8 Why did Danny give up DJing?
• HELP WITH GRAMMAR Past Simple

•
• and Past Continuous, used to
a Look at the phrases in bold in the texts.
• Match the verb forms in blue to these
•
• meanings. There are two verb forms for
SOPHIE TAYLOR, UK When 11@/was being younger I
•• each meaning.
2played/was playing the guitar, but I 3didn't use to like/didn't like
•• • We use the Past Simple for: it very mucho Then my aunt 4gave/was giving me a violin for my
• 14th birthday. I shad/used to have violin lessons every week and
• a a single completed action in the
past. bought I 6was loving/loved learning how to playa new instrumento
b a repeated action or habit in the past. Last year I 7joined/was joining the school orchestra and in March
we 8won/used to win a music competition in our city. The prize
• e a state in the past.
9was/used to be the opportunity to play at the Schools Prom at
• We use the Past Continuous for: the Albert Hall in London! The big night finally 10used to arrive/
a an action in progress at a point of time arrived, and while we 11waited/were waiting to go onstage
in the past. was living I 12started/used to start shaking beca use I was so nervous! But as
• soon as we 13got/were getting onstage I 14used to begin/began
b the background events of a story.
to relax and enjoy myself. When we 1splayed/were playing the
e an action in progress when another last piece of music I 16noticed/was noticing my mum and dad in
• (shorter) action happened. the audience. They both 17looked/used to look very proud!
••
•• b How do we make the positive, negative
•• and question forms of the Past Simple and
b Read about Sophie again. Choose the correct verb forms.
Past Continuous?
Sometimes both verb forms are possible.
• e Check in IH¡f.!W,,-!¡lIt p136.
• e Work in pairs. Compare answers.
a Look at sentences a-d. Then answer a Make questions with yau and these words. Use a form of
• questions 1-3. used to if possible.
a I used to go to a lot of gigs. 1 Who / be / your best friend when you were 12?
• b I listened to her second album all the time. 2 Where / first meet him or her?
e I was one of Lady Gaga's biggest fans. 3 / like the same music?
d That night she sang for over two hours. 4 / go to gigs together?
Which sentences talk about repeated 5 / buy the same singles or albums?
actions, habits or states in the past? 6 / like the same TV programmes?
2 Can we use used to in sentences b, e or d? 7 When / last see him or her?
Why?/Why not?
b Work in new pairs. Ask and answer the questions in 9a.
3 Which verb form comes after used ta?
b How do we make the positive, negative
and question forms of used ta? Get ready ... Get it right!
• e Check in Id;tMhid-l¡I'. p137. • Work in groups. Look at p113.
•
Modern adventurers Vocabulary adjectives (2): character
Grarnrnar Past Perfect
QUICK REVIEW Past Continuous Write two true

and two false sentences about what you were doing
at different times of the day yesterday: At 3 p.m.
yesterday I was playing tennis. Work in pairs. Swap
sentences. Ask questions to find out which sentences
are false: Who were you playing tennis with?

Adjectives (2): character
a Work in pairs. Which of these character
adjectives do you know? Then check new words
in au.M':!Ij'Mlf. p135.
.
adventurous tálented
.
sensible sensitive
brave determined reliable independent
. a Work in pairs. Can you remember what Paul and
Josie said about these numbers and people?
organised stúbborn ambitious cónñdent
práctícal generous mean respónsíble a 2010 d 68 days 9 200,000
aggréssive optimTstic pessimTstic b 2% years eCho h 600, 12
e Luke Collyer f 6,000 miles i 27 hours
b Think of four people you know. Choose adjectives
from 1a to describe them. Think of reasons why you
b 1:i1!It31 Listen again. Check your answers.
chose those adjectives. e Work in new pairs. Compare answers. Which

adjectives in 1a describe Ed Stafford, do you think?
e Work in pairs. Take turns to tell your partner about
the people you know. Who do you think is the most • HELP WITH GRAMMAR Past Perfect
interesting?
a Look at the verb forms in bold in these sentences.
My friend Gregory is very talented. Then answer the questions.
He's a_~designer
__ and he works ...
'---o Cho joined the expedition after Luke had gone back to the UK.
He also read messages that people had sent him.
Ed calculated that he'd walked about 6,000 miles.
1 Which action happened first in each sentence?
Work in new pairs. Discuss these questions.
2 Which action happened second?
1 What's the most adventurous thing you've ever done? 3 Which verbs are in the Past Simple?
2 Are there any famous adventurers from your country? 4 Which verbs are in the Past Perfect?
If so, what do you know about them?
3 Look at the photos and the map. Why do you think the b Choose the correct word in the rule.
two men look so happy? • When there is more than one action in the past, we often use
•
• the Past Perfect for the action that happened firstlsecond.
a Before you listen, check these words/phrases with •
your teacher or in a dictionary. e Look at these two sentences. What is the difference
in meaning?
ajungle an expedTtion insect repellent an ant 1 When I turned on the rv, the programme started.
a wasp a scórplon a sting a rnárathon 2 When I turned on the rv, the programme had started.
b 1:i1!It31
Listen to a conversation between two TV d Fill in the gaps for the Past Perfect with hadn't, had or
past particíple.
producers, Paul and Josie. Answer these questions.
1 What is the first episode of Josie's new TV series about? POSITIVE subject + _ or 'd + past participle
2 What problems did Ed Stafford have on the journey? NEGATIVE subject + +----
3 How did his friends and family know where he was?
4 What did he do when he got home?
e Check in 'd¡f.lMMl¡I •• p137.
•
HELP WITH LlSTENING
Past Simple or Past Perfect
a E!JI.33 Listen to these sentences. Notice the difference
between the Past Simple and the Past Perfect.
1 I finished work. I'd finished work.
2 He left home. He'd left home.
3 My parents bought it. My parents had bought it.
4 Nick worked there. Nick had worked there.
b E!JI.34 Listen to six pairs of sentences. Which do you
hear first: the Past Simple (PS) or the Past Perfect (PP)?
a Read about the swimmer Martin Strel. What is his

connection to Ed Stafford?
b Read about Martin Strel again. Put the verbs in brackets
in the Past Simple or Past Perfect.
e E!JI.35 Listen and check your answers.
Martin Strel - or Big River Man, as he is often called - is

a long-distance swimmer from Slovenia. Martin 1 taught
(teach) himself to swim when he was six, and in 1997 he
______ (become) the first man to swim from Africa
E!JI.32 IR¡U1li1i¡idt!iiUlII Listen and practise. to Europe by crossing the Mediterranean Sea. Seven people
. .. ..
Copy the stress, weak forms and contractions.
Luke had /dd/ gane back ta /td/ the UK -+ Cha
3 (already try) to complete this swim without
success. In 2002 Strel+ (swim) the length of
. .
jained the expedftian after Lüke had /dd/ gane
back ta /td/ the UK.
the Mississippi, which 5
The year before that he 6
(take) him 68 days.
(break) the world
non-stop record by swimming for 84 hours and 10 minutes
a Put the verbs in brackets in the Past Perfect without stopping. But he's probably best known as the man
or Past Simple. who 7 (swim) the length of the Amazon in
1 Nobody hact"",alked (walk) the Amazon 2007, something nobody 8 (ever do) before.
before Ed Stafford. He 9 (travel) 5,268 km and 10 _
2 We (not think) of going to (swim) for over 10 hours a day. By the time he " _
Brazil until we (hear) about Ed (arrive) at Belém, in Brazil, he 12 (be) in the
Stafford's adventure. water for 66 days. He now runs an adventure swimming holiday
3 I (go) to the shop to get some company with his son in Slovenia.
bread, but they (sell out).
4 The meeting __ (finish) by the
time I (get) there.
5 I (invite) Florence to dinner,
but she (already arrange) to do
something else.
6 When 1 (get)to the airport, I
realisedthat I (forget)my passport.
7 Erica (ask) me to go to Spain
with her, but I (already book)
a holiday in Italy.
a I (see)Trevor Robertson
when I (be) in town yesterday. Get ready ... Get it right!
I (not see) him for ten years!
• Work in groups. Look at p114.
•
Vocabulary guessingmeaning
from context
Skills Reading:a magazinearticle;
Unusual days out Listening:a radiodiscussion
QUICK REVIEW Past Perfect Write two

things you haddone, or had learned to
do, by the time you were 5,10 and 15
years old. Work in pairs. Talk about the
things on your list. By the time I was five,
I'd ieerned how to ride a bike. Did you
talk about any of the same things? If you're bored of traditional museums, then perhaps it's time
to try something new. Matthew Clifford oisits some
of the strangest museums on the planet.
Speaking and Reading
a Make a list of the five best museums,
art galleries or famous buildings for
H ave you ever wandered around a famous art gallery looking at paintings by
well-known artists and secretly thought they were dreadful? Well, perhaps
you should check out the Museum of Bad Art in Massachusetts, USA.Jt's the only
tourists to visit in your country. museum in the world that celebrates bad art in all its forms. From blue-faced
b Work in pairs. If you're from the same people to surreallandscapes, nothing is too bizarre for this museum (which you
country, decide on the top five places can also visit online).
from both lists. If you're from different If fashion is more your thing, then you might want to visit the Marikina Shoe
countries, take turns to tell your partner Museum in the Philippines. The highlight of this museum is Imelda Marcos's
about the places on your list. massive shoe collection. When her husband was President she famously owned
over 3,000 pairs of shoes, and 749 pairs are now displayed in the museum. Oh,
a Work in new pairs. Look at photos and there's also a giant high-heeled shoe you can drive around like a caro
A-E. What can you see in each photo? Another unusual day out is the Cancún Underwater Museum off the coast of
Mexico. It was created by an English artist named Jason deCaires Taylor,who
b Read the article. Match photos A-E
placed about 300 life-size concrete sculptures of real people on the seabed. You
to the museums in the article.
need to be able to dive or snorkel to explore the museum, or you can hire a glass-
cRead the article again. Answer bottomed boat. The sight of brightly-coloured tropical fish swimming between
these questions. the sculptures, which appear to be frozen in time, is absolutely breathtaking.
1 In which two places can you see the In the days before video games, boys used to spend their free time playing with
Museum of Bad Art? toy trains. Ask your grandad - or better still, take him to visit the largest miniature
railway museum in the world. The Miniatur Wunderland in Hamburg, Germany, is
2 Who was Imelda Marcos and how
many shoes did she have?
huge and tiny at the same time. It has 13,000 metres of track, 930 trains with over
14,000carriages, 300,000 lights, 228,000 trees and 215,000 human figures. It's an
3 How can you explore the Cancún
impressive sight - and they haven't finished building it yet!
Underwater Museum?
Are you feeling a bit peckish? If so, perhaps the Hamburger Museum at
4 Why is the Miniatur Wunderland 'huge
Daytona Beach, Florida, is the place for you. There are burger-shaped biscuit
and tiny at the same time'?
jars, clocks, hats, music boxes, pencil holders, children's toys, and much more.
5 What can you see at the Hamburger The museum was set up by aman called Hamburger Harry, who has collected
Museum? over 1,000 burger-related items. The best exhibit is probably the bed that's
d Work in pairs. Compare answers. shaped like a giant cheeseburger - or perhaps it's the hamburger-shaped
Which museum would you most like Harley-Davidson motorbike!
to visit? Why?
• HELP WITH VOCABULARY
•• Guessing meaning from context
a Look at the words in blue in the article. What parts of speech
• are they? Do you know a similar word in your language or another
•• language you know?
• b Choose the correct meanings, a or b. What information in the
•• article helped you decide?
•
1 wandered a walked around slowly b walked around quickly
• 2 well-known a common b famous
• 3 bizarre a expensive b strange
•
4 highlight a most interesting part b biggest part
•
••• 5 appear a want b seem
•• 6 carriages a parts of a train that b the people who
people travel in drive trains HELP WITH LlSTENING
•
•• 7 peckish a a bit thirsty b a bit hungry Linking (2): /ve/, Ijl and Irlsounds
•
•• 8 set up a started b bought e VV11en a word ends in a vowel sound and the
• e Work in pairs. Look at the words in pink in the article. What
next word also starts with a vowel sound,
•• we often link these words with a Iw/, Ijl
• part of speech are they? Can you guess what they mean? or Irl sound.
• d Check in I1ltlq·i:!ii!.j¡\j'. p136. ••
• • word ends in linking sound
••
•••
lu:1 Idul laul Iwl
Listening and Speaking IlI li:1 lall ~¡-/-j/-----
•
a Work in groups. Where can you go for a free day out in the •
• Idl 13:1IJ:I ledl Irl
town or city you're in now?
b ~36 Listen to a radio programme about free days out in a ~37 Listen to these sentences from
London. Put these things in the order they are discussed. the radio programme. Notice the linking
• sounds.
e radio and TV programmes e a trial at the Old Bailey
e city farms e downloadable walking tours TO~/w;Jllot of people, London appears to
e the Houses of Parliament e museums and art galleries be~/j;Jl verY~/jf.-expensive city to visito
•
e free music Ther~r;Jlr~r;JlctuallY~/j;Jllot of things
• you can dO~/w,Jn the city for free.
e Listen again. Tick the true sentences. Correct the false ones. •
My favourite is the tour~/rf.-0f
1 It's free to visit the British Museum. • the~/j;Jlrea~/r;Jlround London Bridge.
••
2 You need to take a map when you follow a downloadable walking tour.
• And you can also gO~/w;Jlnd see~/j;Jl
3 You can see free opera at lunchtime on Sundays. ••
radio~/wf.-0r TV programme being recorded.
4 You can get tickets online to see a TV programme being recorded.
••
b Look at Audio Script ~36 p160.
5 You can qoon a tour of the Houses of Parliament for free.
Listen to the programme again and notice
6 You need some ID to get into the Old Bailey. • the linking sounds.
7 You can't feed the animals at city farms.
d Work in pairs. Compare answers. Which of the free activities a Think of a free time activity you've done
discussed on the programme would you like to do? Why? recently. Choose one of these ideas or your
own. Then make notes on what happened
that day.
a museum an art gallery

the cinema the theatre the zoo
the countryside the beach a party
a sports event visiting friends
b Work in groups. Take turns to tell each

other about your free time activity. Try to talk
for at least one minute. Which was the most
interesting story, do you think?
•
IJ REAL
WORLD Real World softening opinions
and making generalisations
REALWORLD
Softening opinions and making generalisations
• Sometimes English speakers soften their opinions so that
they don't sound rude or offensive.
a Match 1-6 to a-f.

Work in groups. Discuss these questions. 1 Some 01them can be a sensible behaviour, is it?
1 Do you, or people you know, support a football 2 On the whole, most b rather a lot of money.
team? If so, why did you/they choose that team? 3 Footballers tend to earn e quite aggressive at times.
2 Do football fans ever get into fights in your country? 4 That's not very d fans just want to see a
If so, why? 5 Generally speaking, good game.
3 Do you think footballers earn too much? 6 Perhaps some e take it a bit too seriously.
people can most footballers are just
a ~41mJ1.38 Look at the photo. Then normal people.
watch or listen to the conversation. Why don't
b Look at the sentences in 3a again. Choose the correct
Rebecca and Lisa like football very much?
words/phrases in these rules.
b Work in pairs. Try to write the correct names in
• After tend to we use the infinitive/verb+ing.
these sentences.
• Rather, quite, nat very and a bit usually come befare/after
Rebecca isn't very keen on football.
an adjective.
2 says there was more football violence
• We often put generally speaking and an the whale at the
when he was younger.
beginning/end of a sentence.
3 thinks footballers are paid too mucho
4 says that football is part of the e Look at these sentences. Then answer the questions.
entertainment industry. A That's stupid behaviour.
5 thinks footballers are badly behaved. B Thet's nat very sensible behaviour.
6 says football isn't a matter of life and 1 Which sentence is softer and more polite?
death - it's much more important than that. 2 Do we use nat very with positive or negative adjectives?
7 gives Harry a Manchester United shirt.
d Check in '#119111;11,". p137.
e Watch or listen again. Check your answers.
HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION The letters or
a r:mt40oro
the letters
Listen and notice three ways we say
Listen again and practise.
1 /J:I organised morning divorced
2 /e/ forget opportunity stubborn
3 13:1 worse world workaholic
b Look at the words in 1a again. How do we say the
letters or: when this syllable is stressed? when this
syllable is not stressed? after the letter w?
a Work in pairs. Match the letters or in these words

to sounds 1, 2 or 3 in 1a.
correct 2 worst enormous information snoring

worth gorilla gorgeous boring motorbike
homework unfortunately uniform mirror
b r:mt41
practise.
Listen and check. Listen again and
r:mt 39 IQ¡UWi!I!at.jj(UiI Listen and practise the

sentences in 3a. Copy the stress.
Work in pairs. Take turns to say these sentences.
1 Unfortunately it wasn't the correct information.
Some of them can be qu·ite aggressive at times. 2 The enormous stubborn gorilla is still snoring.
3 He's a boring workaholic, but he's very organised.
a Use the words/phrases in brackets to soften these
4 After he got divorced, things got worse and worse.
opinions about children.
5 Don't forget to wear a uniform in the morning.
1 Children don't do enough sport. (On the whole; most)
6 How much is that gorgeous motorbike worth?
On the whole, most children don't do enough sport.
7 This is the worst homework in the world!
2 They're very stubborn. (Perhaps; tend to; a bit)
3 They're rude to their teachers. (can; quite; at times)
4 They're very unhealthy. (some of them; not very)
5 They watch a lot of TV. (On the whole; tend to; quite) continue21earn
6 They're impatient. (Generally speaking; not very)
7 They're selfish. (Some of them; can; rather; at times) • Vocabulary, Grammar and Real World
8 They spend too much time playing video games.
(Perhaps; some of them; a bit)
b Work in pairs. Compare sentences. Do you agree
with the sentences you have written? Why?/Why not?
a Work on your own. Think of reasons why you tend
to agree or disagree with these sentences. Decide how
you can use language in 3a to soften your opinions.
1 Men watch too much sport.
2 Men are better at sport than women.
3 Teenagers are lazy and sleep too mucho
4 Fast food is very bad for your health.
5 People don't care enough about the environment.
6 Students always cheat in exams.
b Work in groups. Discuss the sentences in 6a.
e Tell the class which sentences everyone in your • Portfolio 4 Reviewing a novel Workbook p70
group agreed or disagreed with. Reading book reviews
Writing book reviews: organisation, useful phrases
Vocabulary homes
Grammar making comparisons: comparatives,
Our new home superlatives, (not) as ... as, etc.
www.brownandwood.co.uk/bristol
QUICK REVIEW Making generalisations
Write three sentences to describe typical
characteristics of your nationality: We
tend to ... , We can be rather/a bit/quite
... , Most people aren't very , Generally BISHOPSTON
speaking, ... , On the whole, Work in Spacious terraced house in triendly neighbourhood
groups. Tell the group your sentences.
00 you agree with your partners'
sentences? Why?/Why not? Three bedrooms
(two double
and one single),
bathroom, large
Vocabulary and Speaking living room, new
kitchen, toft, gas
Homes
central heating,
Work in pairs. Put these words/phrases attractive tront
into groups 1-3. Then check in and back gardens.
'IUiíf!j:!lI!Mij" p138. Unfurnished
t1,100 pcm
in the city centre an apártrnent block
a balcony in the co·untry a loft
in the suburbs a study
in a quietllively/friendly ne"ighbourhood
REDLAND
a cottage in a residentialarea Large detached house in quiet residential area
a garage a detáched house a roof
on the ground/firstltop flo·or
Large kitchen/
a terraced house stairs
breakfast room,
three double
1 homes and buildings an apartment block
bedrooms, new
2 parts of a home a balcony bathroom, living
3 location in the city centre room, electric
central heating,
a What are the tive most important garage, front and
things to look tor in a new home? Use back garden.
words/phrases in 1 and your own ideas. Unfurnished
a garden or a balcony t1,350 pcm
in a quiet neighbourhood
b Work in new pairs. Compare ideas
and give reasons for your choices. Oid HOTWELLS
you choose any of the same things? Spacious flat on top floor of new apartment block
Reading and Listening Two double

bedrooms,
a Read about three places to rent in bathroom,
Bristol, England. Which do you like best? kitchen, living
Why? room, electric
b 1!1!lt42 Tim and Jo are looking central heating,
air conditioning,
for a new place to live. Listen to their
conversation. Which place do they want balcony with
to see again? Why? river views,
parking space.
Unfurnished
t1,200 pcm
a Work in pairs. Look at these sentences. Do you Fill in the gaps with the comparative or superlative forms
think they describe the house in Bishopston (B), of the adjectives in brackets. Use the where necessary.
the house in Redland (R) or the flat in Hotwells (H)?
The terraced house in Bishopston is:
1 It seemed slightly bigger than where we live now. B 1 the smallest (small) of the three properties.
2 It's the least expensive place we've seen so faro 2 (near)to the shops than the flat.
3 It's one of the oldest houses we've looked at. 3 (expensive) of the three properties.
4 It's a little further away from the city centre.
The detached house in Redland is:
5 It was a lot more spacious than I'd expected.
4 in a (busy) street than the terraced house.
6 It had the most amazing view.
5 much (attractive) than the flat.
7 It's got the worst kitchen I've ever seen.
6 (far)from the city centre.
8 The back garden was far smaller than I'd expected.
9 It was much noisier than the other two. The top-floor flat in Hotwells is:
10 The first place we saw was better. 7 a lot __ (bright) inside than the two houses.
11 It's a bit less expensive than the Redland house. 8 (modern) of the three properties.
9 in (friendly) neighbourhood in the city.
b E!1t42 Listen again and check.
a Rewrite these sentences with the words in brackets.
HELP WITH GRAMMAR
Her flat is more spacious than mine. (not as ... as)
Making comparisons
My flat isn't as spacious as hers.
a Look at the words/phrases in blue in the
2 I'm not as organised as her. (more)
sentences in 4a. Then answer these questions.
3 I don't look the same as her. (different)
1 Which are comparatives?
4 Her taste in music is almost the same as mine. (similar)
2 Which are superlatives?
5 I'm a bit more confident than her. (Iess)
3 When do we use -er or -est?
• 6 I'm more ambitious than her. (not as ... as)
• 4 When do we use more or most?
7 I'm much less stubborn than her. (more)
•• 5 Which comparatives and superlatives are irregular?
8 We're the same age. (as ... as)
•• 6 What are the opposites of more and most?
b Choose a woman or girl you know well. Tick sentences
• TIP • We can also use more or most with nouns:
in 8a that are true for you and her.
• It's got more space. It's got the most rooms.
e Work in pairs. Tell your partner about the woman or girl
b Look at the words in pink in the sentences
you chose. Use sentences from 8a.
• in 4a. Which mean: a big difference? a small
• difference?
• e Look at the phrases in bold in these sentences. Get ready ... Get it right!
• Then answer the questions.
Choose three houses or flats that you know well.
•• It's the same size as our house.
Write six sentences to compare these homes. Use
• It's not as big as the other two places. the language in 5 and these ideas.
It was different from anything else we've seen.
• location and size of house/flat
• It's as small as the one we've got now.
• size of rooms/balcony/garden
• It's very similar to where we live now.
•• • age and condition of house/flat
• Which phrases mean the things we are comparing • distance from shops/centre/station
•• are: the same? nearly the same? not the same? • type of neighbourhood
•• 2 Do we use the adjective or its comparative form • your own ideas
• with (not) as ... as?
• My friend Julia's house is a bit larger than mine.
••
• d Check in Ilj¡!MW!1¡l.j. p139. My sister's flat is a lot closer to the city centre.
My grandparents' flat is probably the oldest.
E!1t43 IQ¡!t!IillilgtlSiUJII Listen and practise.
• a Work in pairs. Tell your partner about the houses
Copy the stress and weak forms.
or flats you chose. Ask follow-up questions.
It se·emed s/ightly bigger than /ó;:m/ where we
• now.
live • b Tell the class two interesting things about the
homes you talked about.
It's not as /dZ/ big as /zz/ the other two places.
Vocabulary phrasal verbs (2)
A_load of old junk Grammar the future: will, be going to,
Present Continuous
QUICK REVIEW Making comparisons Write the

names of five people in your family. Think of how
you can compare these people to yourself and other
Just get rid of it!
people in your family. Work in pairs. Take turns to tell
your partner about the people. 15 your home full of stuff that you never use? If so,
the time has come to get rid of all your junk and
create a peaceful, relaxed atmosphere in your home.
• Give yourself at least two hours to clear out a room.
• Make a space on the fioor and empty all the cupboards
Phrasal verbs (2) and drawers.
a Work in pairs. Which of these words do you know? • Sort out the things you haven't used for six months
Check new words with your teacher or in a dictionary. and make three piles: things to give away, things
to throw away, things to keep.
get r7dof keep stuff junk • Put the first and second piles into separate rubbish
a drawer a cúpboard a pile bags and take them out of the room.
• Allow yourself one junk drawer in each room for the
b Read the article. Tick the true sentences. Correct stuff you can't decide about.
the false ones.
• Tidy up the room and put everything away, then sit
1 The article tells you how to get rid of junk. down and enjoy the calm space you have created.
2 You need about an hour for each room.
And here's how to stop all your junk coming back.
3 You should put things in three piles.
4 Put things you don't want in a junk drawer. • Before you buy anything, ask yourself: Have 1got
something similar? Do 1need it? Where will 1put it?
5 Don't buy things if you've got something similar.
• When you buy something new, always throw out
e What do you think of the advice in the article? something else.
Do you need to do this in your home? • Go through the cupboards and drawers in a different
room every month and throw away anything you
Work in pairs. Guess the meaning of the phrasal verbs don't need.
in bold in the article. Check in tNí@:!iIIQ¡\'¡'. p138.
Work in pairs. Student A p103. Student B • HELP WITH LlSTENING Future verb forms
p108.
a E:iJt45 Listen and write the sentences you hear. You will hear
• each sentence twice.
istening and Speaking •• b Listen again to sentences 1 and 2. What are the two ways we
a Work in pairs. Look at the picture. can say gaing ta?
Tim and Jo are moving house. What is in e Work in pairs. Match the sentences you wrote in 7a to rules a-e
piles 1-3? in 6a and 6b.
b Work in the same pairs. Which pile do
you think Tim and Jo are going to: give E:iJt46 'Q¡U!lilill9t.jj(nll Listen again and practise. Copy the stress.
away? throw away? keep?
a Read the rest of Tim and Jo's conversation. What are they going
e E:iJt44 Listen and check your to: give away? throw away? keep?
answers to 4b.
JO What about these curtains? Shall we give them to your brother?
TIM Sorry, but 1 don't think +he'll use/he's using them.
a Work in pairs. Match these sentences
JO OK, 2I'm throwing/I'll throw them away. They're really old anyway.
to things A-E in the picture.
TIM And what about your guitar?
1 He's picking it up tomorrow evening after
JO Barry wants that. 3 He's coming/He'll come to pick it up on Friday.
work.
TIM Right, 4I'1l put/I'm going to put it in the 'give away' pile.
2 Yes, you're probably right. OK, 1'11throw
JO Do you want to keep your old trainers?
those away.
TIM Yes, definitely. 5I'm starting/I'm going to start running again soon.
3 I'm going to sort out the rest of them at
JO Yeah, right. Shall we keep this mirror? 61t's loohingllt'll loo]:
the weekend.
nice in the new house.
4 But you'lI never listen to them again.
TIM Yes, why not? Oh, is it half past three already? Don't forget
5 It's twenty years old! It's going to break
7 we're meeting/we'll meet the estate agent at four.
the first time she uses it.
JO You go. 8l'm (inishing/I'll (inish sorting out this stuff.
b E:iJt44 Listen again and check.
b Read the conversation again. Choose the correct verb forms.
HELP WITH GRAMMAR e E:iJt47 Listen and check. What does Jo do when Tim leaves?
The future
I a Write two things you have arranged to do, two things you have
a Look at sentences 1-3 in 5a. Then planned to do and two things you will probably do in the next four
fill in the gaps in these rules with wíll, weeks.
be going to or the Present Continuous.
b Work in groups. Tell each other your ideas. Who's going to have
a We use when we
• the busiest or the most interesting four weeks?
• decide to do something at the time of
speaking.
b We use when we
• already have a plan or an intention to Get ready ... Get it right!
• do something.
• Make a list of six things in your home that you want to get
• e We use when we have rid of. Use these ideas or your own.
an arrangement with another persono
•• CDs video games electrical equipment
• b Look at sentences 4 and 5 in 5a.
• DVDs toys books computer equipment
Then choose the correct verb forms in
••• these rules.
clothes furniture sports equipment
•• d We use wi/l/be gaing to for a prediction a Try to sell or give away your things to other students.
•• that is based on present evidence
Each person has f50 to spend. Write who agrees to buy or
•• (something we can see now).
take each thing.
•• e We use wi/l/be gaing to for a prediction
•• that is a personal opinion and is not based Do you want to buy Maybe. 1'11give
• on present evidence. my MP3 player? you tlO for it.
••
• e How do we make the positive, negative
• and question forms of will and be going to?
•• b Work in groups. Tell other students about the things on
• d Check in Id;fMdM,!¡ ••'. p140. your list. Who made the most money?
•
Vocabulary verb patterns (1)
Skills Reading: a magazine article;
Birthdays Listening: Personal stories
QUICK REVIEW be going to Work in pairs. Find five things you're going to do next weekend that
your partner isn't going to do: A Are you going to have a lie-in on Sunday? 8 No, probably not.
Speaking, Reading and Vocabulary a Read the article again. Answer these questions.
Work in groups. Discuss these questions. 1 Why are birthday cakes round and why do we
put candles on them?
1 How do people celebrate birthdays in your country?
2 How much does Time-Warner earn from
2 When's your birthday? What are the advantages and Happy Birthday to You every year?
disadvantages of having a birthday at that time of the year?
3 What do people eat on their birthdays in China
3 Where were you on your last birthday? What did you do? and Korea?
4 Why did people send birthday cards a hundred
a Before you read, check these words with your teacher or
years ago?
in a dictionary.
5 What does a piñata usually look like and how
a candle shine se"aweed blindfold a donkey a stick do you get the sweets out of it? ,
, 6 What happens on Tet in Vietnam?
b Work in pairs. Look at photos A-E. What do you know
b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Which
, about these birthday traditions?
•• things in the article did you find the most
cRead the article. Put the photos in the order they are interesting or surprising?
discussed.
-...
- \11
- Margaret Robson investigates the origins of birthday traditions around the world.
F
or many people, you can't celebrate your birthday couldn't come to a person's birthday party or
without a birthday cake. These have been common if they didn't remember to send a present. The
in Western countries since the 15th century, but British love sending birthday cards - they send
people have been making them for over 2,000 years. It about 800 million every year - but in places like
was the Ancient Greeks who decided to make the cakes Spain, sending cards still isn't very common.
, round so that they look like the full moon. They also put
candles on the cakes to make them shine like the moon.
For a lot of people who live in Latin America, the
piñata is central to birthday celebrations. A piñata is
Nowadays parents tell their children to make a wish a container, usually in the shape of a donkey, filled
before they blow out the candles (one candle for each with sweets and hung from a tree. The birthday
year, of course). In China they have small birthday cakes person is blindfolded and then tries to hit the piñata
called sou bao, which are the same shape and colour as with a stick. The person keeps hitting the piñata until
a peach, while in Korea, the traditional birthday food isn't it breaks open and the sweets fall to the ground.
cake, but seaweed soup. Interestingly, not everyone celebrates their birthday
In most English-speaking countries, people start on the day they were born. In Vietnam, everyone
singing Happy Birthday fa Yau before the cake is celebrates their birthday on New Year's Day - or Tet,
cut. This is the most recognised song in the English as it's called in Vietnamese. On the first morning
language, but it isn't as old as you might think. It first of Tet, adults give children a red envelope containing
appeared in print in 1912 and was bought by The Time- 'Iucky money' to help them celebrate becoming
Warner Company for $5 million in 1998. The company one year older.
earns over $2 million from public performances of the Whatever your country's traditions, a birthday
song every year. should always be a special day. So I hope you
Everyone likes getting birthday cards, of course, enjoy yourself next time someone asks you to
but this is also a fairly new tradition. People only began go to a birthday party - and don't forget to buy
sending birthday cards about 100 years ago if they them a present!
-
•• Verb patterns (1)
@
~"l)o¡de\6~
a Look at the verbs in bold in the article.
Underline the verb form that follows them.
Then write the infinitive form of the verbs in
bold in the table.
start + verb+ing
decide + infinitive with to Listening and Speaking

a 1!!JJ48Listen to four people talking about their
most memorable birthdays. Which person:
1 got a very unusual card on his/her birthday? _
can + infinitive 2 was very happy to have his/her own birthday eake?
3 met someone speeial at his/her birthday party?
4 had three million people at his/her birthday party?
+ objeet + infinitive
with to b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Explain why each
person's birthday was so memorable.
make + objeet + infinitive •

• HELP WITH LlSTENING Fillers and false starts
•
•• • In spoken Englishwe often use fillers (well, you know, um, ete.)
b Write these verbs in the table in 4a. Some • and false starts (I've ... /'ve been, etc.) to give us time to think.
verbs can go in more than one place. •
•
a Underline the fillers and false starts in these sentences.
enjoy need allow would finish teach •• So it's ... 1 mean, it's always a bit strange beca use people
let would like will want mind plan
• kind of forget about my birthday.
prefer must hate continue leam
2 You see, my husband died um thirteen years ago, but er
pay seem would rather • you know life goes on, doesn't it?
3 1 never ... um 1 didn't enjoy birthdays very much when 1 was
e Check in IlNR;i:jilltt,¡r¡,. p139. • a kid beca use you know 1 always had to like share it with
my sister.
Work in pairs. Student A p103. Student B p108. •
4 Well, 1 don't like ... er 1 hate getting older, so 1 just sort of
pretend that it's a normal day.
•• b Look at Audio Script 1!!JJ48 p162. Listen to Ashley and

Jean and notice all the fillers and false starts. Then listen to
·• Ruby and Stuart and underline all the fillers and false starts.
a Think about your most memorable birthday. Make notes

on these things.
• where you were that day
• who you spent your birthday with
• what you did during the day and in the evening
• what you had to eat and drink ,
-
• what presents you got
• why your birthday was so memorable
• any other things that made the birthday speeial
b Work in groups. Tell each other about your memorable
Happy Birthday birthdays. Which do you think is the most interesting? -
e Tell the class about one of your group's
memorable birthdays. ,
Hap-pybirth_ day 10 you! lIar-py ,
11
~REAL Real World explaining
WORLD what you need

Vocabulary materials
•• REAL WORLD Explaining what you need

a Write these headings in the correct places a-d.
describing what something looks like

describing what something is used for
checking something is the right thing
saving you don't know the name of something
a Work in pairs. Which of these materials do you know?
Then check new words in 'f¡.¡q,j:!i!'Mij. p139. a ~__
wool rúbber metal cárdboard plastic I'm sorry, I've forgotten what it's called.
•
paper cótton wood tin glass steel I don't know what it's called in English.
I can't remember what they're called.
b Work in the same pairs. Write one thing that is made of I'm sorry, I don't know the word for them.
each material in 1a. Don't write them in order. b
e Swap papers with another pair. Write the correct materials It's a thing for (making soup).
next to the things on their paper. It's stuff for (getting marks off your clothes).
You use it when (you get coffee on your shirt).
d Check your answers with the pair who wrote the list.
You use them to (mend your clothes).
e _
a ~51B:!!J1 Katharina is from Holland, but now
she lives in the UK. Watch or listen to two conversations in It's a type of (Iiquid).
a department store. Tick the things in photos A-H that she They're made of (metal).
wants to buyo They've got (a hole in the end).
b Work in pairs. Match these words for the things Katharina They look like (headphones).
wants to buy to four of the photos A-H. d
Is this what you're looking for?
ear muffs stain remover a blender ne-edles
Do you mean (a blender)?
Oh, you mean (stain remover).
e Watch or listen again. Check your answers and match the
things in 2b to places 1-4 in the department store. b Look again at the phrases in 3a. Then choose
1 on the ground floor 3 near the escalator the correct words in these rules.
2 on the second floor 4 on the top shelf • We often use stuffto talk about countable/
uncountable nouns we don't know the name of.
• After tt'e a thíng for ... and lt's stuff for ... we use
the ínfínítíve/verb+íng.
• After You use ít/them ... we use verb+íng/
the ínfinítíve wíth to.
e Check in '¡!f."fm!;I!."j. p140.

ED- 2 IQ¡lel1II111Mii!t!l1
•• HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION
sentences in 3a. Copy the stress. • /d3/, /j/ and /ju:/
•
I'm sorry, I've forgotten what it's called. ED-3 Listen to these sounds and words. Listen
•• again and practise.
a Write conversations between Katharina (K) and ••
a sales assistant (8) from these prompts.
1 /d3/ jungle jacket gorgeous large
• /j/ yellow yoga yesterday young
K 1It's / thing / boil / water. •• 2
1 It's a thing for boiling water. •• 3 /ju:/ university student Tuesday few
2r / sorry, r / forget / what / called. a Work in pairs. Look at the letters in bold in these
s 3rs this / you / look / for? words. Match the words to sounds 1-3 in 1.
K Yes, that's right. 4What / called / English?
s A kettle. your 2 journey usually year
huge vegetable barbecue July
K Srt's stuff for / make / things smell nice. yet dangerous music onions
-r / sorry, r / not know / word / it.
S 7Do / mean perfume? b ED-4 Listen and check. Listen again and
K 8No, you use / when / want / make a room practise.
smell nicer.
S 90h, / mean air freshener. a Cover 1 and 2a. Underline four of these sounds
K lOr / not know / what they / call / English.
·•• in each sentence.
•
•
1 /l/r'our younger sister went to yoga yesterday.
llThey / make / metal and they / got / round topo
•• 2 /d3/ 8he grows gorgeous large vegetables in July.
S 12r / not sure what / mean. •
K 13you use them / put posters / the wall. •• 3 /ju:/ I usually have huge barbecues with great music.
S l4Oh, / mean drawing pins. 4 /j/ There aren't any yellow onions yet this year.
5 /d3/ Wear a jacket on your dangerous jungle journey.
K lSr / sorry, / can't remember / it's called. 6 /ju:/ A few students went to university on Tuesday.
16you use it / cut up paper.
b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Then take
S 17Do / mea n / pair / scissors?
turns to say the sentences. Check your partner's
K 18No, / type / machine. 19It / look / a rubbish bin.
pronunciation.
S 2°Oh, / mean a shredder.
b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Match the things

Katharina wants to buy to four of the photos A-H.
continue21earn
e Practise the conversations in 5a with your partner.
Take turns to be the sales assistant.
Work in new pairs. 8tudent A p104. 8tudent B p109. • Extra Practice 5 and Progress Portfolio 5 p119

• Portfolio 5 Emails with news Workbook p72
Reading an informal email
Writing short emails and notes; useful phrases
Vocabulary make and do
Make up your mind Grammar first conditional and
future time clauses
aUICK REVIEW Explaining what you need Write a list

of four things in your house. Work in pairs. Take turns to
describe the things to your partner. Don't say the thing:
It's made of metal and you use it to mend c/othes. Your
partner guesses what the things are: A needle?

make and do
a Work in pairs. Do we use make or do with these
words/phrases? Then check in l!NqMil!J¡r'ijt p141.
the cle·aning a decTsion a course a rnistáke

homework mónev friends nothing exercise
the washinq-úp a noise the shopping dinner
some work the washing a degree an excuse
•
someone laugh/cry •
•• an exam up your mind
•• •
the housework progress a cake an appointment
someone a favour a mess of something
do the cleaning make a decision

b Work in pairs. Take turns to test each other. Speaking and Listening
L7decision I make a decisi~
a Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.
1 Do you find it easy to make decisions? Why?/Why not?
2 What was the last big decision you made? How did you
a Fill in the gaps in these questions with the correct decide what to do?
form of make or do.
b E!l-s Listen to Lily talking to her brother, Adam.
Work in pairs. Student A, answer these questions about
1 Are you going to do some shopping after class? Lily. Student B, answer these questions about Adam.
2 Did you someone a favour last weekend? 1 Does she/he have a job at the moment? If so, what does
3 Are you good at people laugh? she/he do?
4 Do you usually the washing-up? 2 What decision does she/he have to make?
5 Have you any exercise this week? 3 What advice does she/he give to the other person?
6 Do you ever have to excuses for being late? e Work with your partner. Compare answers. What do
7 Are you another course at the moment? you think Lily and Adam should do?
8 Have you any new friends this year?
9 Do you like nothing at the weekend? a Work in the same pairs. Who said these sentences,
Lily or Adam?
10 Do you usually have to dinner for other
people? 1 If I start teaching again, 1'11 be exhausted after ayear.
2 What will you study if you do another degree?
3 You might not get in this year if you don't apply soon.
b Ask other students your questions from 2a. Try to 4 But unless I do it soon, 1'11 be too old.
find one person who answers yes to each question.
5 1'11 ask them before they go on holiday.
Ask follow-up questions if possible.
6 As soon as I make up my mind, l'lllet you know.
Are you going to do some 7 1'11 make a decision after I talk to him.
shopping after class? I Yes, Ia~ 8 I won't say anything until you decide what to do.
9 1'11 call you when I know what I'm doing.
What are you going to buy?
b E!I- S Listen again and check .
Rewrite these sentences. Use the words in
brackets. Change the verb forms if necessary.
1 He won't do it unless we pay him. (if)
He won't do it if we don't pay him.
2 1'11 come out tonight if 1 don't have to work.
(unless)
3 Perhaps he'lI call you if he has time. (might)
4 1'11 have to sell the car unless 1 find a job soon. (if)
5 If Tony doesn't get here in the next ten minutes,
we'lI go without him. (unless)
6 Maybe 1'11 go away this weekend unless my
friends come to visit. (might; if)
Look at these sentences about the future. Fill in
-
-, the gaps with the correct form of make or do.
1 She .JLmake a decision when her boss gets
back.
2 1 dinner after 1 the
washing-up.
3 1 some work before they arrive.
4 If you the cleaning, 1 the
•• HELP WITH GRAMMAR
shopping.
•• First conditional and future time clauses
• 5 As soon as 1 some progress, 1'11 let
• FIRST CONDITIONAL you know.
a Look at this first conditional. Answer questions a-c. 6 1 my homework after this programme
• finishes.
• If 1start teaching again, 1'/1be exhausted after ayear.
7 You won't any money until you
•
• a Which is the if clause? a business course.
• b Which is the main clause? 8 1 an appointment with the doctor
• e Which verb form do we use in each clause?
•• when 1 have time.
b Look at sentences 1-3 in 4a. Answer questions a-e. 9 1 the washing if you _
•• Jamie's birthday cake.
a Do these sentences talk about the present or the future?
••
b Does the if clause talk about things that are possible or certain? • a Complete these sentences for you.
• e Is the if clause always first in the sentence? 1 As soon as 1 get home today,
•• d How do we make questions in the first conditional? 1 .••
• 2 Before 1 go to bed tonight, 1 ."

• e Which word in sentence 3 means 'will perhaps'?
• 3 If I'm bored this weekend, 1 ,.,
••
e Look at sentence 4 in 4a. Answer questions a-b. 4 1'11 be at the next class unless '"
•• a Which word means 'if not'? 5 After 1 finish this course, 1 '"
•• b How can you say this sentence with if? 6 1 want to study English until '"
•
•• 7 I'm going to ,.. this weekend unless ...
d Check in 'H¡@MM!1¡'ijt p142.
8 When 1 retire, 1 think 1 ...
•
•• FUTURE TIME CLAUSES
9 1'11 be very happy if ...
a Look at sentences 5-9 in 4a. Answer questions a-c. 10 1 might move house when ...
• a Do these sentences talk about the present or the future? b Work in pairs. Take turns to say your
••
b Which verb form do we use in the main clause? sentences. Are any the same?
•
•• e Which verb form do we use in clauses beginning with before,
•• as soon as, after, until and when?
••
• b Check in 'H¡fl1MMi¡". p142. Get ready ... Get it right!
Work in groups of three. Student A p103.
1!D-6 IQ¡U]lIIII!gt.iiUIII Listen and practise. Copy the stress. Student B p108. Student C p113.
1'/1be exha·usted after a ye·ar. -+
• •. *, •••
If 1start teachmg agam, /'11be exhausted after ayear.
Vocabulary reflexive pronouns
Fear of failure Grammar zero conditional; conditionals with
imperatives and modal verbs; in case
QUICK REVIEW make and do Write

four phrases with make or do that are
connected to you, or people you know.
How to Measure Success
Work in pairs. Tell your partner why
you chose these phrases. Ask follow-
up questions: Al chose 'do exercise'
A s everybody knows, 'Ifyou have children,you wantthem to be happy
and successful. These days children are under more pressure than ever
to do well at school, but is this helping or damaging our kids? We read a lot
because 1go running quite a lot. of stories these days about pushy parents who make their children study all
B How far do you run? the time so that they can get into the best universities. This means children
spend most of their free time studying by themselves to please their parents.
However, the latest research suggests that this approach can do more harm
thangood.
Speaking and Reading "2If children study all the time, they don't develop in other ways," says
Graeme Atkins, a child psychologist. "School isn't only about learning in class
Work in groups. Discuss these
- it's also about learning how to get on with other children and how to become
questions.
part of society. 3If parents want their children to be happy, they shouldn't
1 When you were a child, what did
puttoo much pressure on them. 11'simportant that they are allowed to enjoy
your parents make you do? What
themselves."
did they let you do? Talk about these
It's also important how parents deal with success and failure. "One of the
things and your own ideas: helping
in the home, going out on your own, worst things that a parent could do is to praise their child for getting an A,"
free time activities, toys and games, says Sarah Vine, a child education counsellor. "4 If you want to help your
birthdays, homework, etc. children, praise the effortthey make - not the grades they get. Not every
child can be top of the class, but Sifyou criticise children for not getting good
2 Do you think parents worry too much
about how well their children do at grades, they can feellike they're failures - and that can lead to psychological
school? Why?/Why not? problems when they become adults. We should also encourage children to work
things out themselves, but in many classrooms a lot of students are scared of
a Before you read, check these answering questions in case they get them wrong."
words/phrases with your teacher So perhaps parents should worry less about their children's grades and
or in a dictionary. instead just encourage them to try hard at everything they do. As we all know,
making mistakes is part of the learning process, but it seems that children who
•
success •
failure •
develop are frightened of failure will fmd it harder to be happy and successful in life.
praise makean effort good grades
b Read the article. Which sentence

describes the article best? •• HELP WITH GRAMMAR Zero conditional; conditionals with
• imperatives and modal verbs; in case
Children's results at school are the •
most important thing. a Look at sentences 1 and 2 in bold in the article. These are called
2 Praise the effort that children make, zero conditionals. Choose the correct words in these rules.
••
not the grades they get. • Zero conditionals talk about things that are possible in the future/always true.
3 Only clever children will be successful • • In zero conditionals both verbs are in the Present Simple/a future verb form.
in life. •• b Look at sentences 3-5 in the article. Answer these questions.
cRead the article again. Answer
• a Which sentences have a modal verb in the main clause?
these questions.
b Which sentence has an imperative in the main clause?
1 What do pushy parents want their •
children to do? • e Which verb form is in the if clause in each sentence?
2 What does Graeme Atkins think e Look at this sentence from the article. Then choose the correct
children also learn at school? words/phrases in the rules.
3 Why does Sarah Vine think parents •• Students are scared ot answering questions in case they get them wrong.
shouldn't criticise children for not
getting good grades? • We use in case to talk about something that might/is definitely going to
•
4 What problems can children who are
• happen.
•
frightened of failure have in the future? •• • In case and it have the same/different meanings.
•
d Work in pairs. Compare answers. •• d Check in Id¡tMW,!¡I,. p142.
HELP WITH LlSTENING
Zero or first conditional
a I!!&a Listen to these sentences. Notice the
difference between I and 1'11.What is the difference
in meaning?
If my children make a lot of effort, I praise them.
If my children make a lot of effort, 1'11praise them.
b 1!!&9 Listen and write the sentences you hear.

You will hear each sentence twice. Which are zero
conditionals? Which are first conditionals?

••
• Reflexive pronouns
a Look at sentences a-c from the article. Notice the
• reflexive pronouns in bold. Then choose the correct
••
words/phrases in the rules.
•
a It's important that they are allowed to enjoy themselves.
b This means ehildren spend most of their free time
studying by themselves.
e We should also eneourage children to work things out
themselves.
• In sentence a, They and themselves are the same/
differentpeople.
• In sentenee b, by themselves means with other people/
a/one.
• In sentenee e, themselves emphasises that ehildren do
this with/instead of someone else.
••
• b What are the reflexive pronouns for /, you (singular),
•• ii, we, you (plural) and they?
he, she,
••
• e Check in i'leM!:lij'.!¡iI'. p141.
Fill in the gaps with the correct reflexive pronoun.

I made my daughter's jumper myself
1!!&7 IQ¡lelIiIIMtJiUIIIListen and practise. Copy the
1
2 My son likes playing by
stress.
3 We want to edueate our ehildren
you want them to be happy and euccéestu! -+ If you have
4 Deborah looks after three ehildren by _
children, you want them to be happy and succésstut.
5 I usually cut the kids' hair
a Fill in the gaps with these verb forms. Then choose 6 The party was great. AIIthe kids enjoyed
if or in case.
feeI should start don't want give is playing

have don't get can't work get lose
Work in pairs. Write your top five tips on how to
1 I fe el terrible if/in case I enough sleep. be successful at learning languages.
2 I usually a glass of water by the bed if/in case If you don't understand something, ask the teacher.
I thirsty in the night.
Always have a dictionary with you in case you need
3 I saving money if/in case I my job. to look something up.
4 I if/in case someone musie.
, a Work with another pair. Tell each other your
5 Iflln case you those elothes,
tips. Then choose the best five tips.
them to eharity.
b Compare tips with another pair or with the
b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Are any of
whole class. What are the best five tips?
sentences 1-4 true for you?
Vocabulary synonyms
Skills Listening: an informal conversation;
Touch wood Reading: a magazine article
QUICK REVIEW Zero eonditional Think about what Work in groups. Discuss these questions.
you usually do if you: feel a bit depressed, get a eold,
1 Which of the British superstitionsare true in your country?
ean't get to sleep, feel stressed, have toa mueh work
2 What other superstitions do people have in your country?
to do. Work in groups. Tell the group your ideas: /f /
3 Do you believe in any superstitions? If so, which ones?
feel a bit depressed, / eat chocolate and watch TV!
Do any people in your group do the same things?
Listening
a Before you listen, check these words with your
Vocabulary and Speaking teacher or in a dictionary.
a Work in pairs. Match these words/phrases to the Romans crops

•
fertility good/evil spTrits
photos A-H.
b 1i1:!J10 Listen to Edward and Charlotte talking
a black cat a shooting stár a mTrror salt about superstitions. Tick the British superstitions in
a ladder wood a lucky chárm an urnbrálla 1b they talk about.
e Listen again. Complete these sentences.

b Read about some British superstitions. Fill in the
gaps with words/phrases from 1a. The idea of seven years' bad luck was started by
2 Rabbits were good luck because they had a lot of
3 People used to believe that good spirits lived in
4 Many years ago salt was used as a

5 In the UK you throw salt over your
shoulder.
HELP WITH LlSTENING

Sentence stress (2)
a Choose the correct words/phrases in these rules.
British superstitions ••
• We usually/don't usually stress names, nouns, main
verbs, adjectives and negative auxiliaries.
•
If 1 walks in front of you, you'lI have good luck. •• • We usually/don't usually stress pronouns, prepositions,
If you break 2 , you'lI have seven years' bad luck. · articles and positive auxiliaries.
If you carry 3 like a rabbit's foot, it'11bring you b Work in pairs. Look at the beginning of the
good luck. conversation. Which words do you think are stressed?
If you see 4 in the sky, you can make a wish. EDWARD Chárlotte, are you ver y superstitious?
If you want a good thing to continue, you should touch CHARLOTTE No, not really. Why do you ask?
5
----- EDWARD I'm reading a fascinating book called The
If you spill 6 on the table, you should throw History of Superstitions. Did you know that in
it over your shoulder. • Britain, people think that seeing a black cat is good
•
If you walk under 7 or open 8 _ • luck, but in nearly every other country in the world
•
in the house, you'lI have bad luck. • it's bad luck?
•
•
e li1:!J 10Listen to the beginning of the
conversation again. Check your answers.
d Look at Audio Script 1i1:!J10

p163. Listen to
the conversation again. Follow the sentence stress.
Are question words (Why, etc.), adverbs (very, etc.)
and connecting words (and, etc.) usually stressed
or unstressed?
Speaking, Reading and Vocabulary
a Work in pairs. Do you agree or disagree with these
sentences? Give reasons for your answers.
In June 1980, Maureen Wilcox became one of the US lottery's
1 Some people are born lucky. biggest losers. She chose the winning numbers for both the
2 Some people make their own luck. Rhode Island and Massachusetts lotteries. But unfortunately
3 People can learn to be lucky. for her, the numbers she picked for
the Rhode Island lottery were the
b Read the article about luck. Does Dr Wiseman agree or
correct ones for the Massachusetts
disagree with the sentences in 5a?
lottery, and vice versa.
e Read the article again. Which of these sentences is
We all know lucky people - they
correct? Correct the mistakes in the other sentences. have good relationships, successful
1 Maureen Wilcox won the lottery in June 1980. careers and are very satisfied with
2 Dr Wiseman has spent nearly ten years studying luck. their lives. But what makes them
3 Lucky people behave in the same way as unlucky people. so lucky? Dr Richard Wiseman
has been studying luck for over
4 Unlucky people meet more new people than lucky people.
ten years and has found that lucky
5 The volunteers at luck school were all unlucky people. people have a completely different
6 AII the volunteers who went to luck school became luckier. approach to the world.
d Work in pairs. Compare answers. What do you think of
Dr Wiseman's ideas about luck?
FOUR WAYS TO BE LUCKY
The results of his work revealed that people aren't born lucky.
•• HELP WITH VOCABULARY Synonyms Instead, fortunate people behave in a way that creates good luck
in their lives.
a Look at the words/phrases in pink in the article. Check
• They notice opportunities that happen by chance more often
• any words/phrases you don't know with your teacher.
than unlucky people. They also meet more new people and
••• b The words in blue in the article are synonyms of the have more new experiences.
• words in pink. Write them in the correct place in the tables.
•• • They tend to make good decisions by listening to their intuition.
• Write the infinitive form of the verbs. • They're optimistic and are certain that the future is going to
•
•• pick
be full of good luck. This positive attitude often makes good
choose by chance
• things happen.
• satisfied attitude
• • They're also good at coping with bad luck and often cheer
••
lucky sure themselves up by imagining things could be worse than they are.
•
• behave
•• deal with
•• LUCKSCHOOL
notice show
• Dr Wiseman tested his ideas by starting a luck school, where he
•• e Match a word/phrase in A to a synonym in B. hoped that unlucky people could learn to be lucky. 400 volunteers
• spent a month doing exercises to help them think and act like
•• A B a lucky personoThese exercises helped the volunteers spot
•
• concerned chat to someone opportunities that happen accidentally, trust their intuition more,
• frightened
• glad feel sure they're going to be lucky and become better at dealing
•• make a decision have a go at doing with bad luck. The results were dramatic and showed that 80% of
••• try to do huge the volunteers were now happier and more content with their lives
• talk to someone scared - and most important of all, luckier.
••• nice make up your mind Dr Wiseman's ideas won't help you win the lottery, but they might
•• enormous worried help you in your day-to-day life - fingers crossed!
pleased brilliant
••• wonderful awful
• terrible I only need a job until
• pleasant
•••
I win the lottery.
• d Check in 'ilUq.!:Ii!'·!¡Ü,t p141.
Work in pairs. Test each other on the synonyms in 6b and 6e.
Ib;chance
=i>
I I accidentally
~
I
Work in two groups. Group A p103. Group B p10S.

~REAL
WORLD Real World discussion
language

questions.
1 Have you ever been to a festival or
street party in your town or city?
If so, tell the group about it.
2 What sort of entertainment is
there at traditional festivals in your
country?
3 What are the best and worst things
about going to a festival?
a Check these words/phrases with

your teacher or in a dictionary.
a stage charge someone ~5

a raffle donáte a stall
involve people in something
b ~61i1!J11 Look at the

photo. The people are discussing
• REAL WORLD Discussion language
their village festival. Watch or listen •
to their conversation. What sort of a Fill in the gaps with the words in the boxes.
entertainment are they planning to •
•
have at the festival? •• make How say That's idea bad
• point could thought Sorry sure could
a Work in pairs. Do you think these suggest about sounds worth
sentences are true or false? If you
think they're false, explain why. ways of agreeing
asking to speak
1 The festival is to celebrate the 300th Yes, that 9 like a good idea.
anniversary of the village. May I 1 make a suggestion?
Can I make a 2 here? Well, it's (definitely) 10 a try.
2 They're going to charge people ~5
Can I just 3 something Yes, that's not a 11 idea.
to get into the festival.
here? Yes, that 12 work.
3 They're going to advertise for local
bands to play for free. 13 a greatlbrilliant idea!
making suggestions
4 They want people in the village to 4 about (having some ways of disagreeing
donate prizes for the raffle.
live music)? I'm not 14 about that.
5 lan's going to ask the head teacher • We 5 (hire some For one thing, ...
of the school to put on a musical. professional musicians). 15 , I don't think we should
6 Lisa thinks the people in the village What 6 (charging people do that.
should make the food. ~5 each)? I'm not sure that's a good 16
7 Rebecca suggests having some Have you 7 of (asking the
competitions for people in the school to put on a musical)?
village.
I8 we (have some
b ~61i1!J11 Watch or competitions).
listen again. Check your answers.
b Check in ';I!o"WeI¡I..,jI. p142.
I!li& 12 IQ¡UIliiiliMiiWI •
Listen and practise the •• HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION
sentences in 4a. Copy the stress and polite intonation. •• Words ending in -ate
May I make a suggestion? a I!li& 13 Listen and notice the two ways we say
• -ate at the end of words. How do we usually say -ate
a lan (1), Rebecca (R), Lisa (L) and Duncan (D) • at the end of: verbs? nouns and adjectives?
continue their discussion about the festival. Put the
••
• 1 /eIt/ educate operate investigate demonstrate
words in sentences 1-13 in order. •
• 2 /atl fortunate intermediate certificate private
1 OK, next we need to decide a date for the festival. ••
R lmake / a / 1/ suggestion / May ? •• b Listen again and practise.
1 May I make a suggestion? •
1 Of course. a Work in pairs. Match the way we say -ate at the
R 2having / August / about / What / the / in / festival?
end of these words to sounds 1 or 2 in 1a.
L 3like / Yes, / idea / good / sounds / that / a .
decorate 1 considerate donate
The weather's usually good in August. immediate create climate meditate
D "fesrival / three-day / have / we / Perhaps / a / could . pirate appreciate chocolate
ISdo / don't / should / that / 1/ think / Sorry, / we .
1 think two days is enough.
TIP • A few words ending in -ate can be verbs and
D Yes, you're probably right.
nouns or adjectives: graduate /eItI (verb);a graduate fati
1 OK, what other entertainment can we have? (noun); separate /eIt/ (verb); separate /atl (adjective).
L 6match / How / organising / about / a / football ?
1 7idea / bad / Yes, / a / not / that's .
b I!li& 14 Listen and check. Listen again and
practise.
D 8we / club / suggest / football / to / talk / the / l/local.
R 9here / say / 1/ something / just / Can? Work in pairs. Take turns to say these sentences.
1 Yes, of course. Check your partner's pronunciation.
•
R 10thought / the festival / Have / a celebrity / of / asking ••
1 I get a certificate from my intermediate English class.
/ you / to open ? ••
• 2 We're fortunate that people donate money to charity.
L llthat's / idea / a / Yes, / brilliant !
1 12it's / try / Well, / worth / a / definitely .
••• 3 Some of our graduates investigate climate change.
• 4 She's going to graduate from a private university.
D 13sure / good / I'm / Sorry, / a / that's / idea / not . •
• 5 They educate and meditate in separate rooms.
For one thing, celebrities are expensive. And also ... ••
• 6 Considerate people appreciate good chocolate!
a Your class is going to organise a festival at your

school, college or university. Work in pairs. Think of
continue21earn
ideas for these topics. Use language from 4a in your
discussion. • Vocabulary, Grammar and Real World
e when and where to e food and drink • Extra Practice 6 and Progress Portfolio 6 p120
have the festival e how to pay for
e music the festival
e competitions e how to advertise
e other types of the festival
entertainment e any other ideas
b Work in groups of four. Discuss the festival with your
partners and decide on the things in 7a. Make notes of
any decisions your group makes.
I May 1 make a suggestion? '

y ,
I
How about having the Yes, that's not
festival at the end of term? la bad idea.
'------~

c Tell the class about your group's plans for your
festival. Which festival will be the best, do you think? • Portfolio 6 Letters to a newspaper Workbook p74
Reading an article and two comments
Writing giving an opinion
Vocabulary goals and achievements
Have a gol Grammar ability: be able to, manage,

be use/ess at, etc.
QUICK REVIEW Discussion language

a Read the web page about a new reality TV programme
Decide it you agree or disagree with these called Have a gof. Complete these sentences.
sentences: 1 Video games are bad tor children.
1 Contestants on Have a gol have to ... leam a new ski".
2 People depend on computers too mucho
2 Vicky's teacher has been an opera singer for .
3 Twenty is too young to get married. Then
3 Vicky thought that the most difficult thing was .
work in groups and discuss the sentences.
4 She was surprised at the end of the programme because .
5 Ben thinks the most important part of being a magician is .
6 He says that he can't do ...
Vocabulary and Speaking 7 He's planning to ...
Goals and achievements b Read about the contestants again. Find all the words/
a Look at these questions. Which of the phrases in bold in 1a.
words/phrases in bold do you know? Check
new words/phrases in tmM:!li!·,¡,*a. p143.
Would you like to have the opportunity to
travel more than you do now?
2 Do you know any people who have achieved
their goals in life?
3 What do you put a lot of effort into?
4 Have you ever messed up an exam or an
interview?
5 Do you ever dream of becoming rich or famous?
6 Do you think you've made the most of the Vicky, opera singer
opportunities you've had in life? Four weeks ago I didn't have a clue how to sing opera. I'd never sung
in public in my life, apart from karaoke. and l' d never dreamed of singing
7 Do you always try to do your best at
onstage. Luckily I had a fabulous teacher, Irene, who's been an opera
everything you do?
singer for over twenty years. She's very good at encouraging people and
8 Think of a time when you weren't successful at I was determined to make the most of the opportunity. At first I found it
something. What went wrong? impossible to breathe and sing at the same time, but the more I practised,
9 Do you enjoy taking part in competitive sports? the better I got. The hardest part was learning the words, which were
10 Do you think that parents should always in Italian! I was useless at learning languages at school and I was
encourage their children to do what they want terrified of forgetting the words. Fortunately I was able to give a good
in life? performance - and I couldn't believe it when they told me l' d won I It shows
that if you put a lot of effort into something, you can achieve your goals.
b Work in pairs. Ask and answer the
questions. Ask follow-up questions if
possible. Ben, magician
I used to love magic when I was a kid. but
Would you like to have the I had no idea how to do any magic tricks.
opportunity to travel more r::------, So when I had the opportunity to become a
than you do now? I Yes, definitely. magician I jumped at the chanceo My teacher.
~ ---
Silvio, is a very talented magician and he
Iw~ere would you like to go? I knows how to do some really amazing tricks.
The most important part of being a magician
is misdirection - making people look where
Speaking and Reading you want them to. I found some of the
tricks quite easy to learn, but l'rn no good
Work in new pairs. Discuss these questions. at doing card tricks - they always seem to
1 Do you ever watch reality TV programmes? go wrong! Before I went onstage yesterday I
If so, which ones do you watch? If not, why was incredibly nervous. but I managed to do
don't you watch them? all the tricks without messing them up. I was
disappointed that I wasn't able to win, but I
2 Would you like to appear on a reality TV
programme yourself? If so, which programme? did my best and really enjoyed taking part in the
If not, why not? programme. rrn going to continue doing magic-
and 1'11always be popular at kids' parties!
• HELP WITH GRAMMAR Ability a Read about loe and Vince.
a Look at the words/phrases in blue on the Did loe enjoy appearing on
web page. Match them to these meanings. Have a gol? If not, why not?
• things you can or could do b Read about Zoe and Vince

•• • things you can't or couldn't do
again. Put the verbs in brackets
• in the correct formo
b Look at this sentence. Then answer the
questions.
I managed to do all the tricks without messing
them up. Zoe and Vince,
ballroom dancers
1 Did Ben do all the magic tricks successfully?
ZOE I was quite good at 1 dancing (dance) at school and Vince
2 Was this easy or difficult for him? knows how 2 (salsa). but neither of us had a clue
e Look at the web page again. Then how 3 (do) ballroom dancing. Our teacher. Evelyn,
complete these phrases with infínitive, spent four weeks trying to teach us a three-minute dance sequence.
infinitive with to or verb+ing. I was able to 4 (Iearn) the dance quite quickly, but
Vince found it difficult 5 (remember) all the steps
1 not have a clue how + infinitive with to
and he had no idea how 6 (catch) me correctly. We
2 be quite/very/really good at + ... practised and practised, but unfortunately it all went wrong on the night.
3 find something impossible/quite easy + ... Halfway through the dance Vince missed a catch and I fell anta the floor.
4 be useless at + . We managed 7 (carry on) and finish the dance, but
5 (not) be able to + . I was really upset that Vince had messed up our big opportunity to become
famous. I didn't think he'd be so hopeless at 8 (dance)
6 have no idea how + ...
in public. My friends had a good laugh about it, though!
7 know how + ...
S be no good at + ...
9 manage + ...
d Which other adjectives can we use with: a Rewrite these sentences using the words in brackets.
be + adjective + at? I can play tennis quite well. (good)
be brilliant at be hopeless at I'm quite good at playing tennis.
e Check in lij¡f.!Mu.!¡.a. p144. 2 I can't remember people's names. (useless)
3 I don't know how to cook. (idea)
I!!J16 IQmililll!Hf.iiu!.l1
Listen and practise. 4 I can understand songs in English. (find / easy)
. . ..
Copy the stress and weak forms.
..
I didn't have a clue how to /td/ sing opera.
5
6
I was able to run 15 km last weekend. (manage)
I have no idea how to change a wheel on a caro(clue)
She's very good at /dt/ encouraging people. 7 I can't type without looking at the keyboard. (find / impossible)
S I find it hard to make decisions. (no good)
9 I know someone who can play guitar very well. (brilliant)
b Work in pairs. Compare sentences. Are any true for you?

Write three true sentences and three false sentences about
things you can and can't do. Use a different phrase from 4c
in each sentence.
/'m quite good at doing crosswords.
I have no idea how to ride a motorbike.
a Work in pairs. Take turns to say your sentences. Your
partner can ask two questions about each sentence. Then
guess if your partner's sentences are true or false.
b Tell the class two things your partner can or can't do.
Which student has the most interesting or unusual ability?
What would you do? Vocabulary computers(1)
Grammar secondconditional
QUICK REVIEW Ability Write one thing: you're quite

I Judy, company director I
good at; you're haven't got a clue how to do; you
were able to do when you were a child; you know
how to do; you never managed to do. Work in pairs.
Tell each other about the things on your list.

Computers (1)
a Work in pairs. Which of these words/phrases
connected to computers do you know? Check
new words/phrases in l?tlQ·!:!II'Uif. p143.
a pássword install software baek up

store a hard drive a memory stick spam
•
an attáchrnent a virus erash eopy in
forward delete print sean WiFi
. HELP WITH GRAMMAR Second conditional
a Look at sentences 1-4 in 2c. Choose the correct
b Work on your own. Write five questions about • We use the second conditional to talk about real/imaginary
computers to ask your partner. Use vocabulary in 1a. • situations.
•
•
00 you store all your photos on your hard drive? • • The second conditional talks about the present or future/
•
When did you last install some software onto your
computer?
·•• •
the pasto
In the if clause/main clause we use the Past Simple.
•
•
c Work with your partner. Ask and answer your • • In the if clause/main clause we use 'd, would or wouldn't +
•
questions. Ask follow-up questions if possible. • infinitive.
•
• b Look at these sentences. Then answer the questions.
Do you store all your 0,1 store
photos on your hard drive? thern online. A If 1 have enough money, 1'11 buy a new laptop.
B If 1 had enough money, /'d buy a new laptop.
1 Whieh sentenee is a real possibility (the person might buy
•
Speaking and Listening a new laptop)?
2 Whieh sentenee is an imaginary situation (the person can't
a Work in pairs. Look at the photos. Why do you
buya new laptop)?
think the internet is important to each person's
•
company? TIP • We can say If I/he/she/it was ... or If I/he/she/it were ...
in the second conditional.
b II:J:!J
17 Listen and check your answers.
What disadvantage of the internet does each c Look at sentences 5 and 6 in 2c. Which modal verb
person talk about? can we use in the main clause to mean: would perhaps?
would be able to?
c Work with your partner. Match these
sentences to the people in the photos. d Fill in the gaps in these questions with if, do or would.
1 If Ilost my laptop, I'd probably lose my job! What are the short answers for question 2?
2 If the internet didn't exist, 1 wouldn't have a 1 What you you lost your laptop?
business. 2 someone asked you to lend them your computer,
3 If we didn't have WiFi. this place would be empty. you it?
4 We'd lose a lot of customers if our website erashed.
5 If they turned off their computers, they might make
some new friends. II:J:!J 18 IQ¡UlIiI!l!HMiulll
Listen and practise. Copy the
6 If we didn't have so many online meetings, I could stress and contractions (I'd, etc.).
get out of the offiee more often. I'd probably lose my job -+
d Listen again and check . If Ilost my laptop, I'd probably lose my job!
I Wesley,café owner I
HELP WITH LlSTENING
First or second conditional
a a:;:a.19
Listen to these sentences. Notice the difference
between the verb forms. What is the difference in meaning?
If I have time, 1'1/help you.
If I had time, I'd help you.
b a:;:a.20 Listen to six pairs of sentences. Which do you
hear first: the first conditional or the second conditional?
a Choose the correct words in these conversations.
PETE Oh, dear. 1'11never finish these T-shirts by 5 o'clock.

JUDY Sorry, 1I'llII'd help you if 1 2don't/didn't have all these
calendars to do.
PETE If Megan 3is/was here, she 4can/could do some of them,
but she's still on holiday.
JUDY Well, don't worry. If you 5don't/didn't finish them,
6 I'llII'd email the customer and explain.
2
FRANK What time's my online meeting with the sales reps?
RUTH It's at 3.30. But Brian emailed to say that he might not be
able to do it. If he 7 misses/missed the meeting, 8 l'llll'd ask him
to call you tomorrow.
FRANK Great, thanks. And can you help me back up these
documents online? 1 "ioon'ttioouldn't ask if 1 10know/knew
how to do it, but I'm useless at this kind of thing.
RUTH Yes, of course. If you llgive/gave me your laptop,
a Fill in the gaps with the correct form of 12I'llII'd do it now.

the verbs in brackets. Then complete the
sentences for you.
b a:;:a. 21 Listen and check.
1 If I (win) a holiday anywhere in the
world, I (go) to ... Get ready ... Get it right!
2 If I _ (not live) where Ido, I
(like)to live in ... a Write these things on a piece of paper. Don't write them
in order.
3 If I (can) change places with one
person in the world, I (choose) ... • three of your possessions that you couldn't live without
4 If I (be) a film star, I (Iike) • three things you don't have, but would like to have
to make a film with ... a laptop a ear
5 If I (Iive)in a different country, b Write second conditionals about how your life would
I __ (miss) ...
be different with or without these things.
6 If I _ (can) talk to a famous person
from history, I (talk) to ... about ... If I didn't have a laptop, I couldn't work on the train.
If I had a ear, I'd 90 away for the weekend more often.
b Work in pairs and compare sentences.
Continue the conversations if possible. • a Work in pairs. Swap papers. Take turns to ask and
answer questions about the things on your partner's paper.
I If 1 won a holiday, 1'd go to Africa. , I ---,
y Have you got a laptop? I Yes, 1 have.
'-y
I What would you do there?
~-----'------ ~ Why is it important Because 1 travel a lot
I'd go on a safari. to you? for work. If 1 didn't
'---1/ ".---- have a laptop, ...
Work in new pairs. Student A p105. b Tell the class two things about your partner.
Student B p11O.
Vocabulary computers (2); articles:
a, an, the, no article
Skills Reading: a magazine article;
Social networking Listening: an informal conversation
QUICK REVIEW Second conditional

a Read the article again. Answer these questions.
Decide what you would do if you: won the
1 Why doesn't Robin Dunbar think we can have 1,000 friends?
lottery, were the leader of your country, spoke
2 Why does the writer think some people collect friends?
English fluently, were ten years younger.
Work in groups and compare ideas. Which 3 How did people get a free burger from Burger King?
4 What does the British children's charity say about loneliness
students have the same ideas as you?
and online bullying?
5 What do some young people find difficult to cope with?
6 Why do professional people use sites like Linkedin?
b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Do you agree with the
Computers (2)
points discussed in the article? Why?/Why not?
a Look at these sentences. Which of the
words/phrases in bold do you know? Check
new words/phrases in tNit':!iI'M"'. p143.
1 I'm on a social networking site such as
Facebook, Google+ or Twitter.
2 I update my status every day.
3 I change my profile quite often.
4 I've downloaded
recently.
one or two new apps T hese days, millions of people
organise their lives on social
networking sites like Facebook,
5 I sometimes upload videos to websites like Google+ or Twitter, and many of
YouTube. them can't go a day - or even
6 I sometimes post comments on news sites an hour - without checking for
and forums. status updates. But what effect Sorry-I'd loveto comeout, but I'm
is this having on society and how busyupdatingmy Facebookstatus.
7 I'm on Twitter and I tweet quite often.
is it changing the way we see
8 I also follow some famous people on Twitter.
our friends?
9 I often share links to interesting websites, The scientist Robin Dunbar suggests that the largest number of active social
blogs or videos with my friends. relationships a person's brain can deal with is 150. However, most people have
b Work on your own. Tick the sentences hundreds, sometimes even thousands, of Facebook friends, partly because making
that are true for you. friends online is so easy. When you receive a friend request, you just click 'Confirm'
and you have a new person to add to your collection of online friends. But do you
c Work in pairs. Compare sentences. really want to be friends with the person, or are you just trying to appear more
Ask follow-up questions if possible. popular? To illustrate the poínt, the Burger King chain of restaurants in the USA
offered to give people a free burger if they deleted 10 friends from their Facebook
page. Amazingly, over 530,000 people did just that, which shows how little some
Speaking and Reading people value many of these online friendships.
a Work in groups. Discuss these questions. Experts are also concerned that spending so much time online is making
children feellonelier than ever before. According to a children's charity in the UK,
1 In what ways do social networking sites help
the number of calls they receive about loneliness from teenage boys has gone up
people's social lives?
by 500% compared to five years ago. The charity also reports that online bullying is
2 What problems can social networking sites also increasing. In another report, a third of people at university said they spent too
cause? much time communicating online and not enough in personoSo it's not surprising
3 How is social networking affecting teenagers that young people who are addicted to social networking sites find it harder to form
and children, do you think? strong, long-Iasting relationships. For them, to be offline is to be disconnected from
their network of friends, which can be very hard to cope with.
b Before you read, check these words/
Of course, you don't have to be at school or university to use social networking
phrases with your teacher or in a dictionary.
sites. Many professional people use networking sites like Linkedin to make work
a collection lonely loneliness contacts. And of course being part of a global professional network means that
bullying be addTcted to people can make the most of opportunities anywhere in the world. So if you're
a designer working in Dublin or an engineer who's moving to Egypt, the online
cRead the article. Which of the ideas that community is one of the most effective ways to help your career.
Social networking sites are one of the most amazing success stories of
you discussed in 2a are mentioned in the
the internet and Facebook now has over a billion users all over the world. However,
article?
the effect these sites are having on our friendships is changing our society forever.
••
• Articles: a, an, the, no article
a Look at the words/phrases in blue in the article.
• Match one word/phrase to each of these rules.
•
• • We use a oran:
•
•• a when we don't know, or it isn't important, which one.
•• aday
•• b with jobs.
••
e to talk about a person or thing for the first time.
••
• • We use the:
•• d to talk about the same person or thing for the second/
•
•• third/fourth, etc. time.
•• e when there is only one (or only one in a particular place). •• HELP WITH LlSTENING Weak forms (2)
• with countries that are groups of islands or states. ••
•
• 9 with superlatives. •• • Remember: in sentences we say many small words
with a schwa Idl sound. These are called weak forms.
• We don't use an article:
•
a Work in pairs. How do we say the strong and
h for most towns, cities, countries and continents.
• weak forms of these words?
to talk about people or things in general.
for some public places (school, hospital, etc.) when we • do you at for of and to can
•
talk about what they are used for in general. •
•
b ~23 Listen and notice the difference
b Check in 1?tIq.i:!I!'·i¡Vi'. p143. between the strong and weak forms of these words.
a Look at the words/phrases in pink in the article. ••• --l. strong weak strong weak
Match them to rules a-j in 4a. There is one word/ • are /0:/ /a/ but /bAt! /bat!
phrase for each rule. •
• was /WDZ/ /waz/ as /rez/ /az/
b Work in pairs. Compare answers. ••• -----.
/W3:/ /wa/
--
were from /from/ /fram/
•
• --
Work in new pairs. Student A p104. Student B p109. • your /jJ:/ /ja/ them /óem/ /óam/
e Look at these sentences from the conversation.

•
Listening and Speaking Which words do we hear as weak forms?
•• Here~your drinks. We were lucky to get a table,
a ~ 22 Look at the photo of three work colleagues, weren't we?
Jenny, Simon and Gary. Then listen to them talking •
• 2 But 1was spending hours and hours on it and it
about how they use social networking sites. Put these
wasn't as much fun as it used to be.
topics in the order they talk about them.
3 No, but 1 like reading tweets from film stars and
• videos and YouTube footballers and people like that.
• how Jenny uses Facebook 4 Well, my wife posts videos of the children so our
• today's office meeting relatives can watch them.
• Twitter and tweeting d ~ 24 Listen and check.
• number of Facebook friends
e Look at Audio Script ~22 p165. Listen to the
• how often Simon goes on Facebook
conversation again. Follow the sentence stress and
b Listen again. Are these sentences true or false? notice the weak forms.
1 AII three people went to the meeting.
2 Simon goes on Facebook five times a day. a Work in groups. Write a survey about the Internet
and social networking. Write at least five questions.
3 Jenny doesn't use Facebook as much as she used to.
Use words/phrases from 1a or your own ideas.
4 She saw her friends more often because of Facebook.
Which social networking sites are you on?
5 Simon says that his sister has more Facebook friends
than Jenny. b Ask other students in the class. Write the answers.
6 Gary likes following famous people on Twitter. e Work in your groups. Compare answers.
7 Simon watches videos of baby animals on YouTube.
d Tell the class what you found out about other
e Work in pairs. Compare answers. If a sentence is students' social networking and Internet habits.
false, explain why.
~REAL
WORLD Real World indirect
and direct questions
a ~7 Emt25 Watch or listen

again. Put these questions in the order
you hear them.
Conversation 1
a Could you tell me what time it starts?
b Have you any idea if he's been invited?
e Can you tell me when they're arriving?
d Do you know whether we've booked
them a hotel room?
e Do you think we should email
everyone again?
Conversation 2
When are they arriving?
9 What time does it start?
h Should we email everyone again?
Has he been invited?
Have we booked them a hotel room?
Then match questions a-e to questions
f-j.
• REALWORLD
••• Indirect and direct questions
•
a Look at indirect questions a-e and
direct questions f-j in 2a. Then choose
the correct word in this rule.
• In more formal situations we often use
questions because they
indirect/direct
sound more polite.
b Look again at questions a-e in 2a.
, Notice the phrases in blue that we use

to introduce indirect questions. Then
choose the correct word/phrase in
these rules.
a Look at the photos. Where is Charlie in each photo? What do
you think the people are talking about? • We use if or whether in indirect questions
when there is/isn't a question word.
b ~7 Emt25 Watch or listen to Charlie's conversations
• • In indirect questions, if and whether are
with a colleague, Tanya, and his wife, Rebecca. Then choose the
the same/different.
correct words/phrases in these sentences.
• We use/don't use if or whether with
Conversation 1
Do you think ... ?
a Charlie and Tanya are discussing a meeting/conference next week.
b Their clients are arriving on Monday/Tuesday from London/New York.
e Look at the phrases in pink in
questions a-e in 2a. Then choose the
e Charlie and Tanya are going to take the clients for lunch in a hotel/pub.
correct word in the rule.
d Barry Mackenzie is definitely/might be coming to the meeting.
•• • In indirect questions, the main verb is in
Conversation 2 •• the positive/question formo
e Harry's first birthday party is at one/three o'clock on Friday/Saturday. •
• d Check in 1¡I!o!lW'¡¡I"'j. p144.
Rebecca's parents are/aren't staying with Charlie and Rebecca. •
9 They know/don't know how many people are coming to the party.
h Charlie gets on/doesn't get on well with Rebecca's uncle.
• HELP WITH L1STENING •
•
• •• HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION
• Intonation (2): being polite • Natural rhythm
•• •
•• • We know if people are being polite by how much their
voices move up and down. If their voices are flat, they
a Eli2t 28 Listen to these sentences. Notice the
• • sentence stress, linking and weak forms in pink.
•• often sound rude or impatient. • These help to give English its natural rhythm.
• ••
Eli2t26 Listen to the same questions said twice. • 1 Where would you ITvejfyou had_a lot_of money?
Which sounds more polite, a or b? ••• 2 I've been ITvingjn}ngland for one_and_ahalf years.
1@b 3ab 5ab
•• • wason my way
3 WhileJ •••• •
home, I met_an_oldfriendo
••
2ab 4ab 4 Who do you thTnkJ Shouldjnvite to the wedding?
•
••
Eli2t 27 1Q¡t.ililil!í!f.iiulll
•
b Listen again and practise.
questions in 2a. Copy the polite intonation.
a Work in pairs. Mark the stress and linking in this
Could you tél! me what time it starts? conversation. Then circle the weak forms.
Put these words in order to make indirect questions.

ANN Hi, Tom. What.§@do~ngi@the moment?
TOM I'm trying to download an attachment, but my
1 whether / you / this / office / is / me / Can / tell /
laptop keeps crashing. Do you think it's got a virus?
Mr Maxwell's?
ANN Maybe. Perhaps the software's a bit out of date.
Can you tel! me whether this is Mr Maxwel!'s office?
When did you last update it?
2 think / the meeting / be / will / you / Do / Elizabeth / TOM 1 can't remember. And it slows down every time
at / tomorrow ?
1 try to send an email.
3 Could / been / 's / me / how long / you / he / here / A 1 think it's time to get yourself a new computer.
tell / working ?
TOM 1 was thinking exactly the same thing!
4 Ismay and Ali / holiday / you / Do / going / are / on /
know /when? b Look at Audio Script Eli2t29 p166. Then listen
5 idea / Have / if / went / Wayne / you / any / away / and check. Listen again and practise each line of the
weekend / last ? conversation.
6 whether / you / Manchester / me / to / Can / goes / e Work in pairs. Practise the conversation in 2a.
train / this / tell ? Check your partner's pronunciation. Take turns to
be Tom.
a Look at these direct questions that tourists often

ask. Rewrite the questions as indirect questions. Use continue21earn
these phrases.
1 Is there a bookshop near here?
Do you know ...
2 How do I get to the station?
Could you tel! me ...
3 Should I give taxi drivers a tip? • 7A-D Workbook p35
Do you think ... • Self-study DVD-ROM 7 with Review Video
4 What time do the banks close?
Have you any idea ...
5 Where's the nearest post office?
Can you tel! me ...
b Imagine you're a tourist in the town/city you're

in now. Write three more indirect questions to ask
someone who lives here.
e Work in pairs. Take turns to be the tourist. Ask and
answer the questions from 7a and 7b.
Excuse me. Do you know if Yes, there is. Go
there's a bookshop near here? J along this road ... • Portfolio 7 Giving instructions Workbook p76
Reading instructions
'" Writing connecting words (1): useful phrases
Vocabulary bad weather and natural disasters
Angry planet Grarnrnar the passive
QUICK REVIEW Indirect questions Imagine you are

new to this town or city. Write three indirect questions you
want to ask: Can you tell me how to get to the nearest
station? Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.

8ad weather and natural disasters
Work in pairs. Which of these words do you know?
Check new words in I1ltlít!!:!Ij'Mj:,t
p145.
a storm thünder lightning a gale a hürricane

a tornado a heat wave a blTzzard a f100d
a tsunárnl an éarthquake a drought a landslide
A __
Tsunamis are caused by earthquakes under the ocean, or they
Work in groups. Discuss these questions. can also be caused by a landslide or a volcano erupting. A large
1 Have there been any stories about bad weather or quantity of water is pushed to the surface of the ocean, creating
natural disasters in the news recently? If so, where? waves. In the deep ocean these waves are small, but they get
What happened? bigger and more dangerous as they get closer to the coast
because the ocean is less deep there. The tsunami in South Asia
2 Have you ever experienced very bad weather? If so, tell
in 2004 destroyed a large number of coastal towns and villages
the group what happened.
and about a quarter of a million people were killed.
3 Do you think the weather where you live has changed
since you were a child? If so, how?
B
A drought is caused by not enough rainfall, and of course we
Reading can't control the weather - not yet, anyway. Droughts often
happen because all the trees have been cut down in a particular
a Before you read, check these words with your
area. This means the rainwater evaporates because it isn't he Id
teacher or in a dictionary.
in the ground by the trees. So part of the solution is to plant
more trees. In north Africa, tens of millions of trees are going
prevent melt deep erúpt eváporate
to be planted in the next decade, which may help to reduce the
number of droughts in the region.
b Work in pairs. Look at questions 1-5. What do you
think the answers are? Give reasons if possible.
e
1 Can people predict where and when earthquakes If this happens, the sea level will rise around the world and a
will happen?
lot of towns and cities on the coast will be flooded. This is a
2 What can we do to help prevent droughts? frightening thought because over half the world's population live
3 What causes a tsunami? near the coast and many of these places will be destroyed.
4 Is the Earth really getting warmer?
5 What will happen if the North and South Poles melt? D
It's still not possible to make an accurate prediction of the place,
cRead the Q&A article. Match questions 1-5 in 3b to time and strength of an earthquake. However, it is possible
paragraphs A-E. Were your answers correct? to predict which places are going to be hit by an earthquake
d Read the article again. Answer these questions. sometime in the future. A recent report identified the frve most
likely places for future earthquakes as the Caribbean, Chile,
1 Why do tsunamis get stronger near the coast?
Indonesia, Japan and North America.
2 Why does cutting down trees cause droughts?
3 What percentage of the world's population live on or E
near the coast? Yes, it is. The world's temperature has been measured accurately
4 Which parts of the world are more likely to be hit by for about 150 years and it shows that on average it has increased
earthquakes? by about 105°C.Also, eight of the ten hottest years have been
5 What evidence is there for global warming? recorded in the last two decades, which is very good evidence
that this increase in temperature is being caused by man-made
climate change .
a Look again at the Q&A article. Underline other
examples of the passive.
El:!J30 IQ¡U1li1l1!ijf.jijUiI Listen and practise. Copy the

stress and weak forms.
Tsunamis are lal ea·used by e·arthquakes ünder the oeean.
a Read about Roy Sullivan. What happened to him?

The Earth 1hits/is hit by lightning 8.6 million times a day.
Scientists say there's a 1 in 3 million chance you
2will hit/will be hit by lightning, but that depends on how
much time you 3are spent/spend outdoors. Roy Sullivan,
a park ranger from Virginia, USA, 4hit/was hit by lightning
seven times in his lifetime. On different occasions he
5/ost/was /ost his toenails, hair and eyebrows. The final
lightning strike 6happened/was happened while he was
fishing and he 7took/was taken to hospital with chest and
stomach burns.
• HELP WITH GRAMMAR The passive b Read the text again. Choose the correct verb forms.
a Look at these sentences. Then answer questions 1-4.
• a Look at the photo. Which city is it? What problems
·•• ACTIVE
Earthquakes under the ocean cause
tsunamis.
does this city have?
•
• PASSIVE
Tsunamis are caused byearthquakes
• under the ocean.
•
1 What is the subject of each sentence?
2 What is the object of the active sentence?
3 In which sentence is the focus on: tsunamis?
earthquakes under the ocean?
4 In which sentence do we use by to say what does the
action (the agent)?
•
• b Look at this sentence. Then choose the correct
•• phrase in the rule.
•• Droughts often happen beca use all the trees have been
•
• eutdown.
b Put the verbs in the correct form of the passive.
•• • We often use the passive when we know/we don't know There is sometimes more than one possible answer.
• who or what did the action.
These days parts of Venice 1 (flood)
e Look at the passive forms in bold in the article. one day in three. People believe the water will rise another
Write them in the table. 20 cm in the next 50 years. This means that Venice
2 (flood) much more often.
•• verb form be past participle A lot of money 3 (already collect)
•• ------~~--~--~-- for the Save Venice Fund and now many old buildings
• Present Simple I are eaused
•• Present Continuous
I 4 (repair). However, more money
• must 5__ (find) quickly and some people
••• Present Perfect Simple don't think the city can 6 (save). Most
• Past Simple experts agree that if important work 7 __
• (not do) soon, some of the world's most beautiful buildings
•• be going to 8 (Iose)forever.
••
will
•
•
• can
• Get ready ... Get it right!
d How do we make negatives in the passive?
• Work in groups. Group A p106. Group B p111.
•• e Check in Id¡L!&i@!¡I:St p146.
Vocabulary containers
Grammar quantifiers: a bit 01, too much/
Recycle! many, (not) enough, plenty 01,etc.
QUICK REVIEW Weather Write five weather words that are connected to you, or to
people you know. Work in pairs and compare words. Tell your partner why you have
chosen your five words: I chose 'a storm' because I saw an amazing storm last month.
Vocabulary Containers Speaking and Listening

a Work in pairs. Match the containers in A to the things in B. Work in groups. Discuss these questions.
Find at least two things tor each container. Then check in 1 Are there any recycling laws in your country?
ij.tíf!'j:!ij,.1¡ij:f. p145. If so. what are they?
2 Can you recycle things where you live? If so,
A
what do you recycle?
a bottle of a bag of a tin of a box of
3 What do you throw awaythat could be recycled?
a can of a carton of ajar of a packet of
a Look at the picture. Which things from 1a
B can you see in the kitchen?
milk hOney tuna biscuits sweets cat food orangejuice
beer jam marmalade ketchup soup chocolates
b 1!!!t31 Listen to James, Val and Pete.
Choose the correct answers.
potátoes beans olive oil tissues lernonáde crisps
1 Val and Pete don't have anything/have
something to eat.
b Work with your partner. What other words can you use with
the containers in 1a? 2 James recyc/es some/doesn't recyc/e any of
his rubbish.
a packet of cigarettes a tin of dog food
3 The UK recycles 70%/40% of its rubbish.
a Work in new pairs. Test your partner on the phrases in 1a and 1b. 4 British people throw away 3/7 times their own
body weight in rubbish every year.
milk a botde of milk or a carton of milk 5 Parts for fridges can be made from tins/
-
'---,
< p/astic bottles.
b Tell your partner which things in 1a are in your kitchen. 6 James is/isn't going to recycle in the future.
a Work in pairs. Who says these sentences, Val, Pete or HELP WITH LlSTENING
James? Quantifiers
1 Oh, there's a bit of pasta left if you're hungry. James a l!Dt 32 Listen and write the sentences you
2 Well, I've found some coffee, but there's no sugar. hear. You will hear each sentence twice.
3 There's enough milk for two cups, but not enough for three.
b How many words are there in each sentence?
4 There are plenty of tins of cat food in the cupboard. Contractions (there's, etc.) count as two words.
5 Too much rubbish is just thrown away.
e Work in pairs. Compare sentences. Underline
6 Hardly any people in our building recycle stuff. the quantifiers in each sentence.
7 And there aren't enough places to recycle in this city.
8 Look, there's loads of paper and several plastic bottles. 1!Dt33 IQ¡!UI!,,¡¡gr.iiui~1 Listen again and
9 Well, there's plenty of information on the internet. practise. Copy the linking.
10 Yes, too many people just don't make the effort. 1think there's ~a bit ~ of milk ~in the fridge.
11 I've got a few friends who recycle things.
12 We made a little progress there, I think. a Choose the correct words/phrases.
1 There are no/any recycling bins in my street.
b 1!Dt31 Listen again and check.
2I probably drink toa much/too many coffee.
3 I got toa many/hardly any sleep last night.
•• HELP WITH GRAMMAR 4 I know a few/a little words in other languages.
• Quantifiers
5 I knowa bit of/several people from the UK.
a Look at the words in pink in 5a. Are they countable
• nouns (C) or uncountable nouns (U)? 6 I always have many/plenty oftime to do my
• homework.
•
b Look at the words/phrases in blue in 5a. Write them in I haven't got enough/several money to go on
• 7
the table. holiday.
•
•• plural countable uncountable 8 I've been to some/any interesting places.
quantity nouns nouns
• 9 I probably eat toa much/too many sweets.
• (bottles, tins, etc.) (rubbish, stuff, etc.)
•• nothing not any not any
10 I usually have severalla little milk in my tea.
no b Tick the sentences in 9a that are true for you.
a small quantity not many not much e Work in pairs. Take turns to say your true
hardlyany sentences. Ask follow-up questions if possible.
a large quantity a lot of/lots of a lot of/lots of

loads of I Write four good things and four bad things
- - - - about the town or city you are in now.
Use these ideas and your own. Use the
more than we want
quantifiers from 6b in your sentences.
less than we want
the correct quantity enough rubbish recyclingbins traffic cycle lanes
parks public transport places to park
e Look at these sentences. Then choose the correct pollution shops places to go at night
•• words in the rules. cinemas art galleries noise at night
• "ve found some coffee. There isn't any sugar.
• Is there any milk? There's a lot of stuff here. There's too much rubbish in the streets.
•
1haven't got many cups. Is there much rubbish? There aren't enough recycling bins.
•
• • We usually use somelany in positive sentences. a Work in groups. Tell the other students
•
• your sentences. Discuss your ideas. Do you
• • We usually use somelany in negative sentences and
• agree? Then choose the two best and two
• questions.
• worst things about this town or city.
•• • We don't usually use a lot of/much or many in positive
• sentences. b Tell the class the two best and two worst
• things about this town or city.
d Check in Id;BMMl¡.:f. p146.
Vocabularyword building(2): prefixes
andopposites,other prefixesand suffixes
Skilis Listening:a TV newsreport;
Dangers at sea Reading:a newspaperarticle
QUICK REVIEW Containers Work in

pairs. Take turns to saya container.
Your partner says as many things
as possible that can come in that
container: A a tin. B soup, beans, ....
Speaking and Listening

questions.
1 When did you last go to the
beach? Where was it? What did
you do there?
2 Do you have a favourite beach?
If so, where is it?
3 What kind of problems can
people have at the beach?
a Before you listen, check these

words with your teacher or in a
dictionary.
• HELP WITH LlSTENING Linking (3): review
a shark attáck
a Look at this sentence from the news report. Notice the links. Then
bite (bit, bTtten) oxygen
choose the correct words in the rules.
b ED- 34 Listen to a TV news So what turns~an~area~/rf'pf the~/j/..pcean~into~/Wf..-adead zone?
•·
report. Answer these questions. • We usually link words that end in a consonant sound with words that start with
What has happened in the USA? a consonantlvowel sound.
•
•·
1
2 What are dead zones? • When a word ends in a consonantlvowel sound and the next word also starts
• with a consonantlvowel sound, we often link these words with a Iw/, Ij! or Irl
3 What causes dead zones? •
• sound.
4 How many dead zones are there •
•
in the world? b Work in pairs. Look at these sentences from the beginning of the news
report. Draw the consonant-vowellinks and complete the extra linking
e Listen again. Choose the
sounds.
correct answers.
There have been six/eight shark A British tourist has been jattacked bY~/jf..-ashark off the coast of Texas,
attacks in the USA this year. making ir rhe~1 f..-eighrh shark attack in America this year. We now gO~1 f..-0ver
2 The tourist was attacked a long live to~1 f..-Andrew~1 f..-Evans for~1 .» special reporto Andrew, ti f..-understand
way from/quite near the beach.
that the man didn't dO~1 f..-anyrhing unusual to cause this attack.
3 He was bitten on the arm/leg.
4 The dead zone off the coast of e Look at Audio Script ED-34p166. Check your answers. Then listen to
Texas is quite small/very big. the news report again and notice the different types of linking.
5 There are a lotia few more dead
zones than there were five years
ago.
6 The evening is a good/bad time a Before you read, check these words with your teacher or in a dictionary.
to go swimming near a dead •
zone. cónscíous estimate a park ranger harm a lifeguard attách
7 The Texas Wildlife Department

are/aren't telling people to stop b Look at the title of the article. What do you think happened to Jesse?
swimming in the sea. cRead the article. Were you correct?
•• HELP WITH VOCABULARY
Saving Jesse's Arrn • Word building (2): prefixes and opposites,
••
Lucy Atkins describes the battle to save other prefixes and suffixes
••
the life of a young boy. a Look at the words in blue in the article. Underline
At about 8 p.m. on July 6th, eight-year-old Jesse Arbogast the prefixes. Then fill in the gaps in this rule.
was playing in the sea in a National Park near Pensacola, • We often use the prefixesun- , dis- ,
Florida. It was the end of a perfect day at the beach with and __ to make opposites of words.
his uncle and aunt. Then disaster struck. Jesse was
attacked by a two-metre-Iong male shark, which bit off b Work in pairs. What are the opposites of these
his right arm from the shoulder and also toa k a bite out adjectives?
of his leg. By the time his uncle and aunt pulled Jesse out
of the water, he was unconscious and had already lost believable patient selfish honest
a lot of blood. considerate polite organised regular
While Jesse's aunt was giving the boy the kiss of • reliable loyal mature ambitious
• formal similar sensitive helpful ~
life, his uncle, Vance Flosenzier, ran into the sea and •
•
•••
disappeared under the water. Amazingly, he managed
to catch the 90-kilo shark and pull it out of the water anta e Check in lllelq.i:Ii!'Mj:,. p145.
the beach. Although this might sound impossible, never •
•
underestimate a man's strength when a family member's a Look at the words in pink in the article. Underline
life is in danger. • the prefixes and suffixes. Then complete the table
At that moment two park rangers arrived to help the • with these meanings and the words in pink.
family and one of them shot and killed the shark. Then he
held open the shark's mouth while a volunteer firefighter not onough too much without
reached down its throat and pulled out Jesse's armo with do something again
A few minutes later, a
helicopter took the boy and his
prefix/suffix meaning examples
arm to nearby Baptist Hospital,
Pensacola, where Dr lan Rogers under- notenough underestimate
and his medical team managed to re-
reattach Jesse's arm in an eleven-
over-
hour operation. The doctors knew
the operation had been a success -fui
when Jesse's fingers turned pink. -Iess
Of course, after such a terrible
accident nobody wants to be b Work in pairs. Which prefixes and suffixes can
over-optimistic, but the medical you use with these words? There is sometimes
team are hopeful Jesse will have more than one possible answer.
full use of his arm in the future.
Although Jesse's story is terrifying, it would be paid write pain sleep charge
incorrect to think that sharks are always so dangerous. care marry success play use
Apparently this type of attack was very unusual and
sharks are usually harmless to humans. "Shark attacks e Check in ITNq,j:!iIfil¡ij:l. p145.
are very uncommon," agrees JR Tomasovic, chief ranger
at the Pensacola park. "You could go ten years without a Think of an exciting or frightening experience that
seeing another." However, he says that people shouldn't has happened to you, or someone you know. Make
be irresponsible and should only swim on beaches where notes on these things.
there are lifeguards.
• who the story is about
• when and where it happened
• how the story started
Read the article again. Tick the true sentences. Correct • the main events of the story
the false ones. • what happened in the end
1 The shark bit off part of Jesse's armo b Work in groups. Take turns to tell your story.
2 Jesse's uncle pulled the shark out of the water by himself. Which story do you think is the most exciting or
3 Jesse's uncle shot the shark and then got Jesse's arm from frightening?
inside it. e Tell the class about the best story from your
4 Jesse might be able to use his arm normally in the future. group.
5 The park ranger said shark attacks are very common.
~REAL
WORLD Real World warnings and advice
••• REAL WORLD Warnings and advice

•• e We give warnings when we think something might be
• dangerous.
•
•
a Write these headings in the correct places a-d.
giving advice responding to advice or warnings

Work in groups. Discuss these questions.
asking for advice giving warnings
1 Have you ever been hiking or camping? If so, where did
you go? If not, would you like to?
a
2 What problems do you think people can have if they're
hiking or camping in the mountains? Could you give me some advice?
What (else) do you think we should take with us?
What should we do if we get lost?
Do you think it's a good idea to tell someone where
we're going?
If 1 were you, I'd M a new tent.

Make sure you take plenty of warm clothes.
It's a good idea to take some waterproof clothing
in case it rains.
Don't forget to take a map.
It's worth taking a compass, just in case.
You'd better take a torch in case you have to walk
•• in the dark.
•
• e
••
•• Don't wear new boots or else you'lI get blisters.
•• Whatever you do, don't lose sight of each other.
•• Be careful when you're crossing rivers.
a Look at the photo. Which of these things can you • Watch out for wolves.
see? Check new words/phrases with your teacher or
d
in a dictionary.
That's really useful, thanks.
a tent a camping stove waterproof clothing
That's a good idea. 1 hadn't thought of that.
a rúcksack a cómpass a sle·eping bag
Right, thanks. That's really helpful.
walking boots spare oátteríes a torch
That sounds like good advice.
b ~8 E::lI35
Watch or listen to Lisa and b Look at the underlined verb forms in 3a. Then
Rebecca's conversation. Put these things in the order complete these phrases with imperative, in finitive ,
they talk about them. There are two things they don't verb+ing or infinitive with to.
talk about.
1 If 1were you, I'd + ...
e what to wear e food to take 2 You'd better + ...
e Daniel's tent e dangerous animals 3 It's a good idea + ...
e getting lost e the best mountains 4 Don't forget + ...
e hotels and pubs e crossing rivers 5 ít's worth + ...
e Watch or listen again. Make a list of all the things 6 Whatever you do, + ...
that Rebecca advises Lisa to take with her on her
e Check in IM"9Ui¡lI,':St p146.
hiking trip.
a new tent E::lI36 IQ¡U!I!IWgr.nl.¡11 Listen and practise the
d Work in pairs. Compare lists. Why does Rebecca
think Lisa should take each thing? Could you give me some advice?
•
a Choose the correct words/phrases in these •• HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION
sentences. •• IIdl, ledl and 13:1
MIA I'm goin sailing with some friends next weekend. a 1'i1!J37 Listen and notice three ways we say the
+Shouldi Eoul you give me 2an/some advice? letters ear.
ZAK Well, +makelmahing sure you always hold onto
1 /ts/ ear beard disappear
something. And "you'Ill-you'd better 5wear/wearing a
2 ledl wear bear pear
lifejacket 6in/on case you fall in.
3 13:1 earthquake learn search
MIA Yes, that sounds 71ike/as good advice. What do you
think 81 should/should 1 take with me? b Listen again and practise. Do we usually say the
ZAK Well, it's worth 9take/taking some suncream, letter r in the words in 1a?
10just/only in case. You can get very burnt on boats
without realising it. a Work in pairs. Look at the letters in bold in these
•• words. Match the words to sounds 1-3 in 1a.
MIA llThat's/This is a good idea. 1 12haven't/hadn't
••
thought of that. And what should we do 13if/in case hear 1 early scared nightmare earn
•
the weather changes?
••• near software fear spare heard beer
ZAK If 1 14am/were you, 15I'll!I'd come back in stairs murder volunteer turn engineer
••
immediately. Better safe than sorry. Oh, and watch •• fair further cheer hair burglar
out 16from/for other boats or ferries. ••
MIA Right, thanks. That's really 17help/helpful. •• b 1'i1!J38 Listen and check. Listen again and
b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Then practise the •• practise. What other ways can we spell sounds 1-3
•• in 1a?
conversation. Take turns to be Mia.
•
Work in pairs. Look at the letters in bold. Circle the
a Look at this advice for people visiting the UK. Fill in
• word with a different sound.
the gaps with these words/phrases. •
•
• 1 burglar ~ learn 5 disappear fear bear
Don't fOFget Make sure lt's a good idea Be careful •
•• 2 beard murder beer 6 wear earthquake turn
lt's worth Whateveryou do, Don't If 1 were you, •• 3 search pear stairs 7 nightmare scared ear
•• 4 hear heard further 8 engineer early cheer
continue21earn
1 Don't torqet to book hotels before you travel.
2 you take some warm clothes. • Vocabulary, Grammar and Real World
3 don't drive when you're in London. • Extra Practice 8 and Progress Portfolio 8 p122
Use the tube instead.
4 to book theatre tickets in advance.
5 spend all your time in London.
There'sso much to see in the rest of the UK. • Self-study DVD-ROM 8 with Review Video
6 when crossing the road because
they drive on the left. F-~--~~-.
7 l'd visit the UK in May. lt's really !\'~'"
beautifulat that time of year. I '.
8 _ taking an umbrella,just in case!
tI~ ...·"·~:e~~
r'---)l{_~,J
w,:~~ 0.

I ~.,
a Write five warnings or pieces of advice for people
visiting your country or city. Use phrases from 3a. • Reading and Writing
b Work in groups. Take turns to say your sentences. • Portfolio 8 Problems and solutions Workbook p78
If you're from the same country or city, do you agree Reading letters to an online newspaper
with your partners' sentences? Which warning or Writing organising a letter/email: connecting
piece of advice do you think is the most useful? words (2), the passive
11
Vocabulary health
Grammar relative clauses with wno, that,
Get healthy! which, whose, where and when
QUICK REVIEW Warnings and advice

Imagine a friend from the UK is coming
to live and work in your town/city. Think
of five warnings or pieces of advice to
give your friendo Work in pairs. Compare
sentences. What's the most important
warning or piece of advice?
Can giving up food really
improve your health?
Reading and Listening Joanne Fullerton spent a week
at a retreat centre tofind out.
Work in groups. Oiscuss these
questions. I'iil hen I arrived at the Just Juice Retreat Centre,
1 Do you think you have a healthy diet?
n.. Iwas feeling a bit nervous. I was going to do a seven-day fast,
drinking only fresh organic fruit and vegetable juices. l'm the type of
Why?/Why not?
person lthat eats three meals a day and can't wake up without a
2 How often do you eat things that you
cappuccino, so the idea of livingon juice for a week was rather terrifying.
know are bad for you?
3 Has your diet changed since you were After checking in, I was taken to the guest house 2where everyone was
a child? If so, how? staying. Louise, the woman 3who I was sharing a room with, had been on
the retreat four times and she looked healthier than anyone l'd ever meto
a Before you read, check these words According to Rachel Carr-Hill, the woman "whose fasting programme we
with your teacher or in a dictionary. were following, going without food is one of the best things we can do for
our health. The food Sthat we usually eat contains toxins 6which stay in our
a fast go on a retréat toxins digest bodies and stop our digestive system working properly. When we fast, our
body doesn't have to digest food, so it has time to get rid of these toxins.
b Read the article. Oid the journalist
feel healthier after doing the retreat? The first day started with yoga at seven o'clock and then we had 'breakfast'
Why? /Why not? - a big glass of carrot juice. We spent the day listening to talks about health,
having massages and relaxing, with a different juice meal every three hours.
a Read the article again. Tick the true On the second day I had an awful headache and felt as if I was getting a
sentences. Correct the false ones. cold. Apparently this was a normal reaction because my body was starting
to get rid of the toxins. On day three my headache was much worse and
You only drink vegetable juice on
this was also 7when I started getting really hungry. I began daydreaming
the retreat.
about cheeseburgers, pasta, chocolate - anything but more juice.
2 Joanne wasn't looking forward to However, by day five the hunger had gone and I felt more relaxed than l'd
the experience. been for years. At the end ofthe retreat l'd lost three kilos and felt like a
3 Louise worked at the retreat centre. new woman. Now l'rn much more
4 Fasting helps your body get rid of careful about what I eat - but
toxins. I still can't live without my
5 Joanne felt fine on day two of the morning cappuccinos!
retreat.
6 The fifth day was easier than the
third day.
7 Joanne has changed her diet since
the retreat.
b Work in pairs. Oiscuss these
questions.
1 Would you like to go on a retreat like
the one in the article? Why?/Why not?
2 Do you know anyone who has been
on a retreat like this? If so, did they
enjoy it? Why?/Why not?
HELP WITH GRAMMAR Vocabulary and Speaking Health
Relative clauses with who, that, whích,
a Work in pairs. Choose the correct words/phrases.
whose, where and when
• We often use relative clauses to say which person,
thing, place, etc. we are talking about.
a Look at the relative clauses in bold in the
• article. Then fill in the gaps with who, that, whích,
•
• whose, where and when.
A surgeon/A GP is a doctor who does
•• • In relative clauses we use: operations.
•
·•• 1
2 or
or for people.
for things.
2 An operating theatre/A surgery is the
place where you have an operation.
•• 3 for places. 3 An infection/Asthma is an illness which
•
4 for possessives. makes it difficult for you to breathe.
5 for times. 4 A specialistlA prescription is a doctor who
knows a lot about one area of medicine.
b Look at the underlined relative clauses in
sentences A and B. Answer the questions and 5 TheA&E departmentlA ward is the part
choose the correct word in the rule. of a hospital where you go if you have an
emergency.
A I'm the type of person that eats three meals a day.
6 An allergy/A migraine is a medical
B The food (that! we usually eat contaíns toxíns. problem that some people get when they
1 What is the subject of eats in sentence A? eat, breathe or touch certain things.
2 What is the subject of eat in sentence B?
• We can leave out who, that or which when it
is/isn't the subject of the relative clause.
e Check in 'd¡t.lWM¡Ii,t p148. b 1!!!J39 Listen and check. How many did you get right?
a Fill in the gaps in these sentences with the other

a Fill in the gaps with who, that, which, whose,
words/phrases from 6a and who, that, whích or where
where or when. There can sometimes be more
if necessary.
than one possible answer.
1 is an extremely painful headache
1 Most of the food that I buy is organic.
can also make you feel sick.
2 I have some friends are vegetarians.
2 is a big room with beds in a hospital
3 I don't know anyone has been on a fast. patients receive medical treatment.
4 The food I had last night wasn't very 3 is a doctor gives medical treatment
healthy. to people live in a particular area.
5 There's at least one person in my family _ 4 is a building or an office you can
eats meat every day. go and ask a GP or a dentist for medical advice.
6 In my family, we usually eat vegetables 5 is a piece of paper the doctor gives
we buy in the market. you so that you can get the medicine you need.
7 I don't know anyone lifestyle is really 6 is a disease in part of your body
healthy. is caused by bacteria or a virus.
8 I tend to go to restaurants they serve
healthy food. b Check in ttslWMij'MiS. p147.
9 New Year is a time I always eat too mucho
Work in pairs. Test each other on the words in 6a and 7a.
10I know a shop you can buy really good
I
fruit and vegetables. I
What's a surgeon? It's a doctor who does operations.

=» ,/ I
b Look again at sentences 1-6 in 5a. In which of

these sentences can you leave out who, that or
whích?
e Tick the sentences in 5a that are true for you.
Work in groups. Group A p105. Group B p110.
d Work in groups. Compare your sentences.
How many are the same?
Vocabulary collocations (3): the news
Good news, bad news Grammar Present Perfect Simple active
and passive for recent events
QUICK REVIEW Health Write four words/

1 World leaders
phrases connected to health. Work in pairs.
have met to discuss the
Ask your partner to describe your words/ global 2 _
phrases: A What's a migraine? B tt's a really at the World Trade
bad headache which can make you feel sick. 8ummit in Hamburg.
Speaking and Vocabulary

At least 3
Collocations (3): the news people have been arrested and
Work in groups. Oiscuss these questions. 4 police officers
have been taken to hospital.
1 Where do you get your news from: the
TV, newspapers, the radio or the internet?
Which do you prefer? Why?
2 00 you ever read, watch or listen to the
A new report on the
news in English? If so, where? 5
3 What stories are in the news at the has just been published.
moment? The report shows that the
UK has failed to meet
a Match the verbs in Ato the words/ its 6 to
phrases in B. Check in I1N"':!lltj¡Eijf. p147. reduce CO2 emissions.
A B
pay off ~ against something

take part a debt
protest a report
take in a demonstration
publish somebody to hospital
meet an offer
We haven't met our targets yet,
discover a target that's true, but we've made good
accept/reject a strike 7 . The amount of
go something new CO2 produced by the UK has already

cal! off on strike been reduced by 8
in the last three years.
b Work in pairs. Test each other on the
phrases in 2a .
..------
a strike
'---,
----, r---
~
-----,
eall off a strike Over 9 ancien~t

gold and silver objects have
lll~~~2~~iii~
been discovered by a retired
10 in Wales.
Listening
a Work in pairs. Look at photos A-O
of today's main news stories. What
do you think the stories are about?
b E:lt40
Listen to today's news.
Some of the items still haven't
Put photos A-O in the same order
been examined, but this is already
as the news stories.
the most important archaeological
e Listen again and fill in the gaps discovery this 11_
in the speech bubbles. But why haven't we heard anything
from the 12 yet?
HELP WITH L1STENING
Present Perfect Simple active or passive
a 1!!!J41 Listen to these sentences. Notice the weak forms
of have, has and been.
World le"adershave /h<lv/ met to discuss the global economy.
A new report on the environment has /h<lz/ just been /bm/
published.
b 1!!!J42 Listen to eight sentences. Are the verbs in the
Present Perfect Simple active (A) or passive (P)?
1!!!J42 IQ¡!t!l!iil!ar.jjjUl' Listen again and practise. Copy the

stress and weak forms.
A new survey has /h<lz/ just been /bm/ published.
a Read these news stories. Put the verbs in brackets in the

Present Perfect Simple active or passive.
The government's pay offer 1 (reject) by the

Transport Union. The union leader, Alan Stone, 2
HELP WITH GRAMMAR (iust confirm) that train drivers will go on strike at midnight.
Present Perfect Simple active and However, next week's postal strike 3 (call off)
after the union accepted a pay offer of 3.4%.
passive for recent events
• Remember: we use the Present Perfect
•• Simple for giving news about something Scientists in Cambridge 4 (find) the gene that
• that happened a short time ago, but we causes asthma. The gene is one of many allergy genes that
•• 5 (discover) in the last few years.
don't say exactly when.
a Look at these sentences from the news

stories. Then answer the questions. Rock singer Heidi Gee 6 __ Gustarrive) in the UK for
her sell-out tour. Her second album, Serenity, 7
At least forty people have been arrested.
(already sell) over five million copies.
The UK has failed to meet its targets.
•• 1 Which verb form in bold is in the Present
• Perfect Simple active? Which is in the And we 8 Gusthear) that the actor Henry
• Present Perfect Simple passive? Robson 9 (take) to hospital after a car accident.
2 How do we make the Present Perfect His condition 10 (describe) as serious.
Simple active and Present Perfect Simple
•
•
passive?
b 1!!!J43 Listen and check.
b Look at the words in blue in the
speech bubbles. What is the difference in Put the words in brackets in the correct places in these sentences.
meaning between these words? Where do 1 The strike has lasted three weeks. (already)
they usually go in sentences? 2 The Prime Minister has arrived. (just)
TIP • We only use still in negative sentences 3 The relatives haven't been told. (yet)
with the Present Perfect Simple: Some of the 4 He's been questioned by the police. (already)
items still haven't been examined. 5 Two men have been arrested. (just)
e Check in Irl;BMU,'¡l!f. p149. 6 Has the match finished? (yet)
7 The results haven't been published. (still)
a Look again at the verb forms in bold
in the speech bubbles. Which are in the
Present Perfect Simple active? Which are Get ready ... Get it right!
in the Present Perfect Simple passive?
• Work in groups. Group A p104. Group B p109.
fa
Vocabulary body movements and
responses; connecting words
Human behaviour Skills Reading: a magazine article;
Listening: a TV interview
QUICK REVIEW Present Perfect Simple

WHY DO WE CRY?
active and passive Think of three pieces of
Although we don't enjoy crying, it's actual!yvery good for usoThe tears that are
news about yourself, your family or friends: produced when we're upset contain large amounts of different chemicals that are
I've just booked a holiday. My brother has just related to stress, and crying reduces the amounts of these chemicals we have in
been promoted. Work in groups. Tell the other our body. This is why we always feel better after a good cry. It's also thought that
students your news. Ask follow-up questions crying evolved to show other humans that we are unhappy or in pain and we need
if possible. help from other people in our group.
WHY DO WE YAWN?
Vocabulary and Speaking When we're ti red or bored, we don't breathe very deeply and not enough oxygen is
Body movements and responses carried to the brain. Ayawn takes in more oxygen and increases your heart rate by
30%, making us feel more awake. So if people yawn when you're talking to them,
a Work in pairs. Which of these verbs do don't get too upset. Despite appearing rude, they could be yawning so they can
you know? Check in ilNRj:!lj'·'¡Vi'. p147. Iisten more closely to what you're saying. It is also thought that yawning evolved to
help groups of early humans stay awake and notice danger, which may also be why
cry laugh smile yawn wave we often yawn when someone else does.
shiver blush stretch scratch
crawl frown sweat
WHY DO WE LAUGH?
b Take turns to ask your partner when Even though most people think we laugh because something is funny, that's
people do the things in 1a. usually not true. In fact, laughing at something funny accounts for only 15%of al!
laughter. More frequently, laughter is a way of bonding with another person or a
When do When they're upset, group, and it's 30 times more common to laugh in social situations than when we're
people cry? I in pain or very happy. alone. It is believed that humans developed the ability to laugh so that we could
-V- - ~ signal to other humans that we're playing, or that danger has passed.
Reading WHY DO WE SCRATCH?

The obvious answer is that we have an itch and so we automatically scratch it.
a Before you read, check these words
with your teacher or in a dictionary. Of course, we know the itch wil! come back in a few minutes and scratching will
probably make it worse. In spite of this knowledge, we still can't stop ourselves
evolve bond with someone from scratching. It seems that scratching turns off parts of the brain that are
tears an itch forgive connected to unpleasant feelings and memories, and it also stimulates the parts
of the brain that make us happy - which is why it feels so good!
b Work in pairs. Match pictures A-E to
these reasons why people do these things. WHY DO WE BLUSH?
1 to bond with other people in a group People usually blush because they're embarrassed, particularly if they have broken
2 to turn off parts of the brain connected with a social rule, for example, getting someone's name wrong. Blushing has evolved
bad feelings and memories to show the other person that we know we have done something wrong, and that
3 to show that we have broken a social rule we're sorry about this. Interestingly, scientists have shown that people are more
4 to increase the amount of oxygen in the likely to forgive you if you blush. However, people might not forgive you so easily
brain if you don't blush at all!
5 to release stress-related chemicals from
our bodies
cRead the article. Check your answers.
a Read the article again. What other

reasons does the article give for each
body movement or response?
Which piece of information do you think
is the most interesting or surprising?
•• Speaking and Listening
• Connecting words a Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.
a Look at the words in blue in the article. Then choose
1 Why do people lie?
• the correct words/phrases in these rules.
•• 2 When do you think it's OK to lie?
• • Although, even though, despite, in spite of and however
3 What makes some people better liars than others?
•• are similar in meaning to and/but.
•• 4 How can you tell if people are Iying?
• We use although, even though, despite and in spite ofto
•• contrast two sentences/two clauses in the same sentence. b Look at photos 1-4. Do you think this person is
• Iying or telling the truth in each photo?
•• • We use however to contrast two sentences/two c1auses
•• in the same sentence.
•• • We putldon't put a comma ( , ) after however.
•
• b Fill in the gaps in these rules with although, even
•
• though, despite or in spite of.
•
•
•• • After and we usually use a noun
• or verb+ing.
••
•• • After and we usually use a clause.
• tNij·!:!Ii!·!¡i'lit.
• e Check in p147.
e 1!!J44 Listen to an interview with Dr Miriam
Richards, an expert in body language. Check your
a Rewrite these sentences using the words in brackets.
answers to 6b.
Change other words in the sentence if necessary.
1 I went out last night. I felt really tired. (despite) a Work in pairs. Try to choose the correct words/
I went out last night, despite feeling really tired. phrases in these sentences.
2 Robin slept really well. There was a lot of noise. (in spite of) 1 Good liars often make more/less eye contact than usual.
3 I don't get paid very mucho I enjoy my job. (even though) 2 People who are Iying aften smile a lat/never smile.
4 Erica was well-qualified. She didn't get the job. (however) 3 Real smiles use the muscles around the mouth/eyes.
5 We enjoyed the concert. There weren't many people 4 The left/right side of the brain control s the right side af
there. (even though) the body.
6 They watched TV all night. They had to work the next 5 The leftlright side of the brain controls imagination.
day. (despite) 6 People often caver their mouth/nose when they're Iying.
The teacher explained it twice. I still didn't understand it.
7
(even though)
b 1!!J44 Listen again. Check your answers.

• HELP WITH LlSTENING
British and American accents
•
a 1!!J45 Listen to these words. Notice how
British and American people say the letters in bold
differently. You will hear the British accent first.
1 hot, lot, body
2 saw, talk, thought
3 aunt, ask, can't
4 girl, forty, mother
5 party, better, water
b 1!!J46 Listen to six sentences. Which do you

hear first: a British accent or an American accent?
e Look at Audio Script 1!!J44

p168. Listen again
and notice the difference between the interviewer's
British accent and Dr Richards's American accent.
Are you a good liar? Work in groups. Look at p114 .

Real World what doctors say;
~REAL what patients say
WORLD Vocabulary health problems,

symptoms and treatment
Work in pairs. Put these words/phrases into

groups 1-3. Then check in tNit!1:!i!t!1iU"" p148.
asthma antibiótics a runny nóse

a blocked-up nóse an allergy wheezy
_9
penicillin hay fever flu sneeze
a migraine be slck throw ü~ an infection
a sore throat painkillers a virus
paracétarnol a temperature fo·odpoisoning r:t!!I-48
Watch or listen again. Tick the true
a cough a cold a rash oíarrhoea sentences. Correct the false ones.
a stórnach ache co·ughmedicine Conversation 1
a Mr Philips isn't allergic to anything.
1 health problems asthma
b His children cooked him a meal for his birthday.
2 symptoms a runny nose
e The doctor says he shouldn't eat for a day.
3 treatment antibiotics
d Mr Philips has to come back and see the doctor again.
• REAL WORLD What doctors say Conversation 2
•
e Mr Green has been taking paracetamol.
a Look at these sentences that doctors often
• say to patients. Fill in the gaps with these words. He started feeling ill two days ago.
•• 9 The doctor tells him go to bed and rest.
• problem back feeling taking
•• h The doctor gives him a prescription for some antibiotics.
• look eaten allergic temperature
•• prescription symptoms •
• REAL WORLD What patients say
•
•• a Match the beginnings and the ends of these sentences.
1 Now, what seems to be the problem ?
•
• 2 How long have you been like this? I'm not feeling \ a feeling very well recently.
3 Do you know if you're to anything? 2 I haven't been b getting really bad headaches.
4 What have you recently? 3 I've got e very well.

5 Come if you're not feeling better in 4 My chest d a terrible stomach ache.
two days. 5 I keep e hurts.
6 Have you been anything for them?
6 I can't stop to penicillin.
7 Have you got any other ?
7 Do I need 9 sneezing.
8 Right, let me have a at you.
8 I'm allergic h should I take them?
• I'm just going to take your
9
9 How often make another appointment?
_9
: 10 Here's a for some painkillers.
• 10 Do I need to some antibiotics?
: b r:t!!I-47 Listen and check your answers. b Look again at sentences 5 and 6 in 5a. Then choose the
r:t!!I-48 Look at the photos. Then correct words/phrases in these rules.
watch or listen to two conversations in a GP's • We use I keep ... and I can't stop ... for things that happen once/
surgery. Answer these questions. lots of times. We want/don't want these things to happen.
1 What are each patient's symptoms? • After I keep ... and I can't stop ... we use the infinitive/
2 What does the doctor think is wrong with each verb+ing.
patient?
e Check in '¡@ilIUtl;II'iíf. p149.
•• HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION
• The letters ough
••
a Work in pairs. Check you know how to say the
•• sounds and words in the table.
•
•• /:J:I sort
••
• 111.1stuff
•
•• l'dul grow
••
laul shout
lu:/too
101 off
ED-49 IQ¡ltVlI!Iigt.iiulll
Listen and practise the b Work in pairs. Write these words in the table.
ought drought enough rough through
I'm not feeling very well.
bought though brought cough
fought tough although thought
Cross out the incorrect words/phrases in these sentences.
1
2
I've been feeling terrible/greatlVÍfl:J& lately.
I've got asthma/a rash/throw up.
e ED-50 Listen and check. Listen again and
practise.
3 I'm allergic to cats/antibiotics/hay fever.
4 I keep waking up at nightla temperature/getting colds. Work in new pairs. Practise saying these sentences.
5 I can't stop coughing/being sick/food poisoning. •• 1 We ought to look through those books we bought.
6 I feel a bit wheezy/run downlheadache. • I thought we had brought enough stuff.
•• 2
7 You need some painkillerslmigrainelpenicillin. • 3 Even though he was tough, he had a cough.
•
•••
8 I've got a sneeze/runny noselblocked-up nose. 4 He bought a house in a rough neighbourhood.
•• 5 I think there ought to be a drought.
a Work in pairs. Cover p76. Then use these prompts to Although they weren't very tough, they fought a lot.
write a conversation at the doctor's.
• 6
DOCTOR Hello, Mrs Wells. lNow, what / seem / be /

problem? continue21earn
1 Now, what seems to be the problem?
MRS WELLS 21/ not feel / ver y well recently. 3My chest /
hurt / and / can't stop / cough .
DR 4Do / know if you / be / allergic / anything? • Extra Practice 9 and Progress Portfolio 9 p123
MRS W No, 1don't think so. • Language Summary 9 p147
DR OK. sHave / got / other symptoms? • 9A-D Workbook p45
MRS W 6Yes, / keep / wake up / night with / blocked-up
nose.
DR 7Right, let / have / look / you. 8How long / you /
feel / like this?
MRS W For about three days now.
DR Right. 91/ just / go / take / temperature. Yes, it's a
bit high. 1 think you've got a chest infection. loHere /
prescription / some antibiotics.
MRS W 11How often / take / ?
DR 12Four times / day for / week. 13eome back / you /
not feel / better / three days.
MRS W Thank you, doctor. Goodbye.
b Practise the conversation with your partner. Take
turns to be the doctor. • Portfolio 9 Applying for a job Workbook p80
Reading a job advertisement; an application email
Work in new pairs. Student A p106. Student B p111. Writing application letters/emails; organisation;
useful phrases
Vocabulary contacting people
The anniversary Grammar was/were gaing ta,

was/were suppased to
QUICK REVIEW Health problems Write six words/phrases tor health problems. Work in pairs.
Take turns to mime a word/phrase. Your partner guesses what the problem is.
Vocabulary and Speaking Contacting people Work in pairs. Ask and answer
the questions in 1. Ask follow-up
Fill in the gaps with the correct form of these verbs. Then check new
phrases in bold in 1%t!1:!iI!i¡UuS. p150.
§el be give hear let call keep leave lose get Speaking and Listening
1 Who in your family is usually difficult to get hold of? a Make a list of five things people
2 Do you usually your friends a call on their birthdays? need for a successful marriage.
3 When people you messages, do you generally the same interests
_ them back immediately?
b Work in pairs. Explain why you
4 How do you usually someone know you're going to be late? have chosen the things on your list.
5 Have you got friends from ten years ago that you still Then choose the five most important
in touch with? things from both lists.
6 Have you touch with all your friends from your first school?
e Tell the class the five things you
7 How do you in touch with friends who live far away? chose. Do other students have any
8 Is there a person you haven't __ from for years that you'd like to of the same things? What's the most
__ in touch with again? important thing?
I Peggy I
a Look at the picture of a wedding. Which person is: E!IJ 2 'Q¡UlI!iWíjf.j'¡'¡11
Listen and practise.
the bride? the groom? the bridesmaid? the best man? Copy the stress and weak forms.
b E!IJ 1 Listen to Peggy talking to her son, Leo, about We were /wd/ going to /td/ spfmd our
her wedding anniversary. Then answer these questions. anniversary in Wales.
1 Are Peggy and her husband going away for their anniversary? It was / WdZ/•.gomg to /td/ be• a surpnse
t.
party.
2 What do Leo and his sister, Karen, want to do for their parents?
a Match beginnings of sentences 1-7 to ends
3 Why did they borrow some of their parents' old photos?
of sentences a-g.
e Work in pairs. Try to correct the five mistakes in this
1 Karen had agreed to make a list of possible
summary. guests, ... b
Peggy and her husband, Tom, have been married for thirty years. 2 Peggy and Tom had planned to call Trevor and
Sheila, ...
Their children, Leo and Karen, want to invite everyone who was
3 Leo had agreed to try and find the Bradleys'
at their parents' wedding to a party. The best man at the wedding, address on the internet, ...
4 Karen had planned to get her parents a present
Derek Bradley, and his sister, Brenda, moved to Australia many
on Monday, ...
years ago. Peggy knows how to get in touch with them. She's S Leo had decided to buy himself a new suít last
lost touch with Trevor Jones and his wife, Sheila. week, ...
6 Karen had expected Leo to get in touch with
d Listen again and check. Jane Lewis, ...
• 7 Leo had expected his parents to go through their

HELP WITH GRAMMAR old address books, ...
was/were gaing to, was/were suppased to
a Look at these sentences that Peggy said in the
a but his computer wasn't working.
conversation. Then answer the questions. b but she didn't know who to invite.
We were going to visit the Bradleys later that year, but we

e but he lost her phone number.
didn't go for some reason. d but they couldn't find them.
e but he didn't have enough money.
We were going to spend our anniversary in the eottage in Wales
where we had our honeymoon, but it was already booked. but they lost their phone number.
9 but she couldn't find her credit cardo
1 Did Peggy and Tom plan to visit the Bradleys?
2 Did they visit them? b Rewrite the sentences in 7a. Use was/were
3 Did they plan to spend their anniversary in the cottage in Wales? going to or was/were supposed to.
4 Are they going to spend their anniversary there? Karen was supposed to make a list of possible
Tom was supposed to book the eottage months ago, guests, but she didn't know who to invite.
but he forgot.
I was supposed to ea" you baek, wasn't I? Sorry, Leo,
I was out all day. Get ready ... Get it right!
S Did Tom agree to book the cottage? Write three things that you were going to do
6 Did he book it? and three things you were supposed to do in
the last four weeks. Make notes on why you
7 Did Leo expect his mother to call him back?
didn't do these things.
8 Did she call him back?
visit my aunt ....•had to work instead
• b Fill in the gaps in these rules with was/were going to or
a Work in pairs. Take turns to tell each
• was/were supposed to.
other about the things on your list. Ask
• We use to talk about plans we made
follow-up questions if possible.
• in the past which didn't happen, or won't happen in the future.
•
• 1 was going to visit rny aunt last
• • We use to talk about things we agreed
• weekend, but 1 had to work instead.
• to do, or other people expected us to do, but we didn't do.
jY,~------------------~
e Which verb form follows was/were going to and I Are you going to see her this weekend?
was/were supposed to? ~
b Tell the class your partner's best reason
d Check in 'd¡f.lW&i¡litst p151.
• for not doing one of the things on his/her list.
Vocabulary describing people
Who's that? Grammar modal verbs (2): making deductions
QUICK REVIEW Contaeting people Write the names of people you know who: you haven't heard from
this month, always eall you baek, are diffieult to get hold of, you've lost toueh with, left you a message.
Work in pairs. Tell your partner about these people. Ask follow-up questions if possible.
Vocabulary and Speaking Listening

Describing people a IB:D- 3 Listen and match these names to people
a Tick the words/phrases you know. Then check new 1-7 in the picture. Where's Peggy's husband, Tom?
words/phrases in tlHg·l:lIi!.j¡\',uf. p150.
Peggy 2 Brenda Jane
Derek Nick Trevor Sheila
fair/dark/red/blonde/grey/dyed hair
long/short/shoulder-Iength hair
b Listen again. Who said these sentences: Peggy,
straight/curly/wavy hair
Karen or Leo?
her hair up/in a ponytail going bald
a moustache/a beard a dark/light blue suit/jacket 1 He could be picking people up from the station. Karen
a striped/f1owery/plaintie/dress/shirt 2 That can't be her real hair colour.
glasses/lots of jewellery 3 He must be talking to some guests in the other room.
in his/her teens/early twenties/mid-thirties/late forties 4 He may want to be on his own for a bit.
5 It could be the guy that moved to New York.
b Work in pairs. Look at the picture of Tom and 6 No. that isn't Derek Bradley.
Peggy's 25th wedding anniversary party. Take turns
7 He can't be having a cigarette.
to describe the people. Use the words/phrases in 1a
and your own ideas. Your partner guesses who it is. 8 He might be in the bathroom.
9 He's practising his speech in front of the mirror.
She's got her ha ir up and 10 He must know that speech by now.
she's wearing a red dre~ I You mea n her? '
7- --- e Work in pairs. Compare answers.
~
HELP WITH GRAMMAR Fill in the gaps with the correct form of these verbs.
Modal verbs (2): making deductions
Be love lose work need do know
a Look at the sentences 1-10 in 2b. Are they talking
about the past, the present or the future? 1 That can't be the right house.
b Match sentences 1-10 in 2b to meanings a-e. 2 Joan's not here. She must the
shopping.
The speaker ...
3 Paola might where he lives.
a knows this is definitely true. 9
4 You must living in London.
b believes this is true.
5 Josh can't now. His office is closed.
e thinks this is possibly true.
6 I must my memory. I keep forgetting to
d believes this isn't true.
do things.
e knows this definitely isn't true.
7 We may some more milk.
e Look at the verb forms in bold in 2b. Then fill in the
gaps with the correct modal verbs. a 1!!I-5 Listen to six short recordings of sounds
• We use to talk about something that we and voices. Write sentences with must, may, might,
• believe is true. cou/d or can't for each recording.
••
1 The water must be toa ea/d.
• • We use or
• to talk about something that we think is possibly true.
• b Work in groups. Compare sentences. Are any
•
•• • We use __ to talk about something that we the same?
believe isn't true.
e Listen again. Compare sentences with the class.
d Which sentences in 2b are talking about: a state?
something happening now?
e Complete these rules with verb+ing or infinitive. Get ready ... Get it right!
• To make deductions about states we use: Look at the picture. These things all belong to
• modal verb + people at the party. Who do you think owns
•• each thing?
•• • To make deductions about something happening now
• we use: modal verb + be +
•
TIP • We don't use can or mustn't to make deductions:
It could be him. not It ean be hiFA.He can't be a millionaire.
not He FAtJstR'tbe a FAilNonaire.
• f Check in *d¡HMM!¡Iuf. p151.
I!!I- 4 IAiUIIlllliBt@t!ll
Listen and practise the
sentences in 2b. Copy the stress.
He eo·uldbe pfcking pe·ople üp from the station.
Look at these sentences Karen said at the party.

Choose the correct modal verbs.
That woman could/must be Mum's cousin, but I'm
not sure.
2 Uncle lan isn't here yet. He may/can't be working late.
3 Nick can'tlmust be married yet. He's only seventeen.
4 Jane mustlcan't have dyed hair. In the wedding photo
she had dark hair.
5 Sheila can'tlmight want to leave soon, she looks a
bit bored. a Work in groups. Discuss who you think each
6 Derek's just arrived from New York. He mustlcan't be thing belongs to. Give reasons for your choices.
feeling very tired.
I think this book eould be Karen's. She might be
7 You mustlcan't be hungry, Dad. You've just finished
learning to drive.
eating!
8 Trevor cou/d/must be in the restaurant, or he may/can't b Look at p155. Check your answers. How
be in the garden. many did you get right?
Vocabulary phrasalverbs(3)
Skills Reading:a magazinearticle;
Ido! Listening:a radiointerview
QUICK REVIEW Describing people Choose

three people in the class. Write sentences to
describe each persono Don't write the person's
name: He's got short curly hair. He's wearing a
striped shirt. Work in pairs. Take turns to say your Ginrg Belllooks at her friend's chances
sentences. Your partner guesses who the person
ofhaving a hapÉY marriage.
is: It might be Johann.
hen Olivia first started going out with Tony, I thought
W it would never last. Two months later, she told me they
were getting married. I thought she should put the wedding
Reading and Vocabulary off for a few months until she knew Tony better. As soon
as he had proposed to her, Olivia called me and said, "He
Work in groups. Oiscuss these questions. really is the ene." She'd said the same thing about her last
1 What is the average cost of a wedding in your three husbands, but I didn't like to point this out to her.
country, do you think? When Olivia asked me to be her bridesmaid, I tried to
2 Who usually pays for the wedding in your country? get out of the whole thing beca use I didn't want to see her
3 What do they spend the money on?
make the same mistake again. However, I couldn't come up
with a good excuse, so there I was again, standing outside
the church wondering how much Olivia's parents had spent
a Read the magazine article. Choose the correct
this time. A typical wedding in the UK costs about f20,000
words in these sentences.
and lasts six hours, so that's about f3,300 an hour. Olivia
1 Tony is Olivia's third/fourth husband. must be a very expensive daughter to have.
2 Ginny went/didn't go to Olivia's wedding. At the church Olivia introduced me by saying, "This is
3 Ginny had/hadn't been a bridesmaid for Ginny. She's been a bridesmaid at all my weddings." And
Olivia before. indeed I hado I hoped that Olivia and Tony would never
4 Olivia has/hasn't kept in touch with her split up, which could cost another f15,000 - the average
ex-husbands. cost of a divorce if you have to go to court. Fortunately,
Olivia got over her last three divorces quickly and is still
5 More/Fewer people in the UK are getting
friends with all her ex-husbands.
married these days.
So what are their chances of a successful marriage these
b Read the article again. What does it say days? The week before Olivia's wedding I carne across a
about these numbers? Oid any of the numbers newspaper report which said that the number of divorces in
surprise you? the UK is still going up, while the number of people getting
married is falling. Ilooked some figures up and found out
[20,000 six hours [3,300 [15,000 that in 1971 there were 459,000 weddings in the UK, but in
459,000 231,000 45% 12% 2009 there were only 231,000 - the lowest figure since 1861.
And as for divorce, where you live makes a huge difference.
For example, the divorce rate in the UK is about 45%, but in
a Look at the phrasal verbs in bold in the article.
Italy it's only 12%.
Match them to their meanings 1-10. Write the
When my husband and I were leaving the reception,
infinitive of the verbs.
Olivia came up to say goodbye and said, "You two have
1 avoid doing something you don't want to do never fallen out, have you? How can I make this marriage
get out of last?" Well, Olivia, what can I say? Move to Italy!
2 feel better after you have been unhappy or ill
3 increase or rise
4 find some information in a book or on a computer lt's such a special day. You only get
5 tell someone some information you think they don't married for the fourth time once!
know or have forgotten
6 decide or arrange to do something at a later time
7 argue with someone and stop being friendly with them
8 think of an idea, or a solution to a problem
9 end a marriage or relationship
10 find something byaccident
b Check in ,fmi!!':!lj'Mjui. p150.
••
••
••
•
• • TYPE 1 phrasal verbs don't have an object.
••
You two have never fallen out.
••
• • TYPE 2 phrasal verbs always have an
•
• object. This is alwaysafter the phrasalverbo
••• Olivia got over her divorces quickly.
•• Olivia got over them quickly.
•• • TYPE 3 phrasal verbs always have an
object. If the object is a noun, you can put
it in the middle or after the phrasal verbo
Ilooked some figures up.
Ilooked up some figures. Listening and Speaking
If the object is a pronoun, you must put it a Work in pairs. Look at wedding traditions A-F. Which do you
in the middle of the phrasal verbo have in your country? What do you know about them?
Ilooked them up. not / lookecJ I:Ip #lem.
b Before you listen, check these words/phrases with your teacher.
• TYPE 4 phrasal verbs have three words
•• and always have an object. The object is ancestors propase to someone kidnap a vein a le"apyear
•• always after the phrasal verbo
• e ~6 Listen to a radio programme about wedding traditions.
• I tried to get out of the whole thing.
• Put photos A-F in the order the people tal k about them.
•• I tried to get out of it.
•• b Work in pairs. Look at the other a ~6 Work in pairs. Listen again. Student A, make notes
• phrasal verbs in bold in the article. on the wedding traditions in photos A, B and C. Student B, make
•
•
• Are they type 1, 2, 3 or 4? notes on the wedding traditions in photos D, E and F.
••
• e Check in 'IlelQ.j;jij'Mjlt(t p150. b Work with your partner. Take turns to explain the origins of the
wedding traditions in the photos. Did you remember anything that
Look at the words in brackets. Where can your partner didn't mention?
they go in these sentences? Put a tick or
a cross in the gaps. •• HELP WITH LlSTENING ItI and Idl at the end of words
1 Jeanette never got ~ over .1 •• • We don't usually hear ItI or Idl sounds at the end of words when the
(her divorce) • next word starts with a consonant sound.
2 He always puts off until
a Look at these sentences. Circle each t and d in bold that
the last minute. (his homework)
you think you will hear. Cross out the ones you don't think you
3 You can't put __ off any will hear.
longer. (it)
4 Dylan didn't want to go, but he couldn't Wendy, firs@of all, we should' start with the most obvious question.
get out of . (it) When did our aneestors start getting married to eaeh other?
5 Look up __ in a dictionary. Well, I'm pleased that things have moved on a bit sine e then.
And what about wedding rings? Where did they originate?
(these words)
6 If you don't know the answer, look b ~ 7 Listen and check your answers.
up . (it)
e Look at Audio Script ~6 p169. Listen again and notice
7 came
1 across when 1 was when we say and don't say /t/ and Idl at the end of words.
cleaning. (this)
8 The teacher pointed __ out • a Think of a wedding you've been to. Make notes on these things.
to him. (the mistake)
• when and where e the ceremony
9 1 knew Mark was wrong, but 1 didn't want e the bride and groom e the reception/meal
to point out . (it)
e the other guests e other interesting points
Work in pairs. Student A p106. b Work in groups. Take turns to describe the weddings. Which
Student B p111. wedding do you think was the most interesting?
~REAL
WORLD Real World asking for, giving
and refusing permission

1 When did you last stay with relatives or friends? Why did you
visit them? How long did you stay?
2 When was the last time relatives or friends came to stay with
you? Were there any problems? If so, what were they?
3 What are the best and worst things about staying in someone
else's house or flat?
a ~10 I!!!ta Look at the photos. Then watch or

listen to the conversations. Answer these questions.
Conversation 1
a How long has Ella been asleep?
I Rebecca I
b How long does Rebecca say that Ella and Mike can stay?
e Why does Rebecca suggest that Ella should talk to Charlie?
•
Conversation 2 •• REALWORLD
d How long were Mike and Ella away for?
• Asking for, giving and refusing permission
•
e How far away does Mike's brother live? a Look at the ways of asking for permission
Why can't Mike phone his parents on his mobile? in bold in 2b. Which verb form comes after
each phrase: infinitive, Present Simple or
b Work in pairs. Try to fill in the gaps in Ella and Mike's Past Simple?
questions with these words.
1 Can I + infinitive ... ?
jumper car washing machine 2 May I + ... ?
landline breakfast laptop 3 Do you mind if I + ... ?
4 Is it OK if I + ... ?
1 Can 1make myself some ?
5 Would you mind if I + ?
2 May 1use your _ ?
6 Do you think I could + ?
3 Do you mind if 1borrow a ?
4 15 it OK if 1use your to upload some photos? b Choose the correct way to give permission
for these questions. After which other phrase in
5 Would you mind if 1borrowed your some time
3a do we say No, not at all. to give permission?
this week?
6 Do you think 1could use your _ to call my parents? 1 A Can I make myself some breakfast?
B Yes, of course./No, not at all.
e Work in the same pairs. Try to match these responses to
2 A Do you mind if I make myself some
the questions in 2b. Which are: giving permission? refusing
breakfast?
permission?
B Yes, of course./No, not at all.
a Yes, of course. Go ahead. The phone's in the front room,
by the window. e Look at sentences 4-6 in 2e. Answer these
b Yes, of course you can. Help yourself. You know where questions.
everything is. 1 Do we usually say no when we refuse
e No, not at all. They're in the bottom drawer in our bedroom. permission?
d Sorry, it's only insured for Rebecca and myself. 2 Do we usually give a reason to say why we refuse
e Actually, I was just going to put some washing in. permission?
Sorry, Ileft mine at work. 3 Which words do we use to be polite when we
refuse permission?
d Watch or listen again. Check your answers to 2b and 2e.
d Check in '¡@ilWu¡II.luSt· p151.
• HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION
•
• Linking in phrasal verbs
•
•
~11 Listen to these phrasal verbs. Notice the
• different types of linking. Listen again and practise.
••
•• lookjt up get~out~ofjt get_over~/r,Jt
•• putjtoff givejt~away cleaC/rf,.-0ut
•
• givejt~up go~/wf,.-up see~/jf,.-off
•• pointjtout throw~/wf,.-out tidY~/jf,.-up
•
•
a Work in pairs. Read the conversation. Add the
consonant-vowel links and extra linking sounds.
ROB Hi, Sue. Whar~are you doing jit the weekend?
SUE We're planning to gO~/wf,.-away.
R Really? Where are you_/ f,.-0ffto?
S We're_/ f,.-0ffto Dublin for~/ f,.-awedding. We have
to check in at ten, so we're setting off at eight.
R Well, this weekend I'm going to tidy~/ f,.-up
mL/ f,.-0ffice. I've been putting ir off for~/ f,.-ages,
but 1 really need ro sort it out.
S So~/ f,.-areyou going to be_/ f,.-inall weekend?
•• R Yes, I~/ f,.-am. Do you want me to look after your
•• cat while you'~ f,.-away?
•• S That'd be great, thanks. See you_/ f,.-0nMonday!
• HELP WITH LlSTENING
• •
• Intonation (3): asking tor permission •• b Look at Audio Script ~12 p170. Then listen
•• and check. Listen again and practise each line of the
~9 Listen to the questions in 2b said twice. •• conversation.
Which sounds more polite, a or b? •
•• c Practise the conversation in 2a with your partner.
1a@ 3ab 5ab
2ab 4ab 6ab
~ 10 IQ¡lt!I!illlBtJiUllI Listen and practise the continue21earn

questions in 2b and the responses in 2c. Copy the
stress and polite intonation.
Can I make mysélf some breakfast? • Vocabulary, Grammar and Real World
a Put these words in order.
1 see / May / written / what / 1 / you've ?
2 your / use / for / 1/ dictionary / Can / a moment ?
3 could / borrow / Do / money / you / some / think / 1 ?
4 of / if / l/a photo / mind / take / you / you / Do ?
5 1 / OK / DVD-ROM / Is / your / if / a few days / it /
borrow / for ?
6 the USA / Would / 1 / to call / used / if / you / your /
mind / mobile ?
b Work in pairs. Take turns to say the sentences in
6a. Decide whether to give or refuse permission. If
you refuse permission, give a reason.
May 1 see what Yes, of course.

you've written?
-,~ .----l
Here you are. • Reading and Writing
• Portfolio 10 Describing people Workbook p82
Work in pairs. Student A p105. Student B p110. Reading a description of a friend
Writing describing people: organisation,
useful phrases
Any messages? Vocabulary things people do at work
Grarnrnar reported speech: sentences
QUICK REVIEW Asking for, giving and

refusing permission Choose a partner, but
don't talk to him/her yet. Imagine you're
staying at your partner's house/flat. Think
of three things you want to do there. Work
in pairs. Take turns to ask for, give or refuse
permission.

Things people do at work
Match a word/phrase in A to a word/phrase
in B. Then check in l1Him:!lj'J¡ij'S" p152.
A B
have a lot of ~ conferences
work responsibility
J
sort out unsocial hours
organise people's problems
do for an audition
go overtime
run for the finances
be responsible a department
a Work in pairs. Try to fill in the gaps in these sentences from
deal with of a company Gabi and Fiona's conversation with one word.
arrange shifts
1 I can't come to the meeting on Monc!EL.
work customers/clients
2 I was in a car
be in charge meetings
) 3 I won't be able to walk on it for a
4 I've already had one _
a Write the names of two people you know 5 I'm having another operation on
who have jobs. Think what these people do 6 I still want to be in the
in their jobs. Use phrases from 1 or your own
7 They're going to start filming
ideas.
8 You must talk to _
b Work in groups. Tell each other about
the people you chose in 2a. Ask follow-up b E:.IJ 13 Listen and check.
a E:.IJ 14 Look at the photo. Gabi is talking to Max the next
day. Read sentences a-h. Then listen and put these sentences in
Listening the order Gabi says them.
E:.IJ 13 Gabi is a PA (personal assistant)

a She said that she'd been in a car accident. 1
b She said she still wanted to be in the programme.
for On The Box, a company that makes TV
programmes. Listen to Gabi talking to Fiona, e I told her that she had to talk to you.
an actress. Answer these questions. d She told me that she'd already had one operation.
1 Where is Gabi's boss, Max? e She said that she was having another operation on Friday.
2 Where is Fiona? f I told her they were going to start filming soon.
3 What has happened to Fiona? 9 She told me she couldn't come to the meeting on Monday.
4 What is Gabi going to ask Max to do? h She said she wouldn't be able to walk on it for a month.
b Match sentences 1-8 in 4a to sentences a-h in 5a .

HELP WITH GRAMMAR HELP WITH LlSTENING
Reported speech: sentences Ihl in he, his, him and her
a Look at the sentences in 4a and 5a. Notice how the a E:D-16 Listen to the beginning of the
verb form changes in reported speech. Then fill in the conversation again. Circle each h in bold you hear.
table with these verb forms. Use one verb form twice. Cross out each h you don't hear.
GABI Well, Mr Hall said líe had to talk to you.
• Post Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous
• MAX OK, 1'11ca11him later. What's his number?
• would could had to was/were going to
• GABI He only gave me his mobile number. Here
•
• it is.
verb form in direct speech verb form in reported speech
MAX What does he want, anyway? 1 talked to him
Present Simple PastSimple last week.
Present Continuous GABI Apparently his wife wants her script back.
Present Perfeet Simple • b Choose the correct words in these rules.

•
••
Past Simple --• • We usually hear Ihl in he, his, him and her if it
follows a consonant/vowel sound.
am/are/is going to •
•• ••
• wil! • We don't usually hear Ihl in he, his, him and her if
• • it follows a consonant/vowel sound.
•• can
•
• must
e Look at Audio Script E:D-16 p171. Listen to
• Gabi and Max's conversation again. Notice when
b Look again at the sentences in 5a. Then ehoose the we say and don't say Ihl in he, his, him and her.
correet words in these rules.
• We always/never use an objeet (me, her, ete.) with say.
• Get ready ... Get it right!
• We always/never use an objeet (me, her, ete.) with tell.
• We have to/don't have to use that after say and tel! in • Write eight sentences about yourself. Four
reported speeeh. sentences should be true and four should be
• Pronouns (/, he, ete.) and possessive adjeetives (my, his, false. Use these phrases and your own ideas.
ete.) usual/y/never ehange in reported speeeh. • I ean/ean't • I'm ... this weekend.
TIP • The modal verbs could, should, would, might and • I really like • 1 ... last year.
ought to don't ehange in reported speeeh. • I've been to • I think 1'11 ..•
• I've never ... • Next year I'm going to ...
e Check in IdMMM¡i¡lIlt p153.
I can play golf quite wel/.
E:D-15 IQ¡Ull!ilnatMulll
Listen and praetise the sentences I real/y like going to art gal/eries.
in 5a. Copy the stress, weak forms and contractions.
a Work in pairs. Tell each other your
She said that 15dt/ she'd be-en in a ear accident. sentences. Your partner guesses if they're
true or false. You can write one word only to
a Gabi also took some other messages for Max help you remember each of your partner's
yesterday. She is now giving Max the messages. Write sentences.
what she says in reported speech. Use the verbs in
b Work with a new partner. Tell each other
brackets.
your first partner's sentences. Use reported
MR HALL I must talk to Max. (say) speech. Your new partner guesses if they are
Mr Hal/ said (that) he had to talk to you. true or false.
2 CARL I'm going to be in New York next week. (tell)
Bulent said he could play golf quite well.
3 SID I didn't understand your ernail, (say) ~~-
I I
4 LINDA WISE I ean't come to Monday's meeting. (say)
, 1 think that's falsSJ
5 MRS LEE The designs will be ready on Monday. (tell)
No,_- it's true!
'---o
'"
6 TED BLACK I'm having a party on Saturday. (say)
7 TED BLACK I want to talk to Max about a new projeet. (say)
e Tell the class two things you found out
8 MAX'S EX-WIFE I've sold the house. (tell)
about your first partner.
b E:D-16 Listen and check.
Vocabulary adjectives (3): jobs
How did it go? Grammar reported speech: questions,

requests and imperatives
QUICK REVIEW Reported speeeh Think of

four things that people have said to you this
week. Work in pairs. Tell your partner who the
people are and what they said, using reported
speeeh. Ask follow-up questions. A My sister
Annette told me she was going on holiday.
B Where's she going?

Adjectives (3): jobs
a Work in pairs. Which of these adjectives
do you know? Check new words in
fNíf!j:!I!ij¡\'lIf. p152.
dernándinq well-paid badly-paid

temporary permanent füll-time párt-trne
stressful challenging rewarding a ~18 Eva is telling her boyfriend, Joe, about the
repétítíve audition. Read sentences a-f. Then listen and put these
lonely glamorous dull
sentences in order.
b Write two jobs that you would like to do a First he asked me if 1 was working at the moment. 1
and two that you wouldn't like to do. Think of b He wanted to know where I'd studied acting.
adjectives from 1a to describe each job. e He asked what my last acting job had been.
e Work in groups. Take turns to say which d He wanted to know whether 1 was available to start next week.
jobs you chose and why you chose them. e He asked me what other parts I'd had recently.
f He also asked if 1 had any acting work in the next three months.
Speaking and Listening b Match Max's questions in 2b to Eva's sentences in 3a.
a Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. • HELP WITH GRAMMAR Reported speech: questions
1 What's the best way to find a job in your
town/city?
a Look at the reported questions in 3a. Choose the correct
2 Have you ever had a job interview? If so,
how did it go? • We use/don't use the auxiliaries do, does or did in
3 Which questions are people usually asked reported questions.
at a job interview? • We use if or whether to report questions with/without a
question word.
b ~17 Look at the photo. Eva is having
an audition at On The Box. Listen and fill in • We a/ways/sometimes/never use an object (me, him, etc.)with ask.
the gaps with one or two words. • The changes in the verb forms in reported questions are the
1 Are you working at the moment? same as/different from reported sentences.
2 Do you have any acting work in the next b Look again at the reported questions in 3a. Then fill in the
? gaps with asked, wanted, whether, question word, subject or verbo
3 And what was your last _ ?
REPORTED WH- QUESTIONS
4 What other have you
had recently? He/She (me)
+ + subject +
5 And where did you ? He/She wanted to know
6 Are you availableto start ? REPORTED VES/NO QUESTIONS
e Listen again. What are Eva's answers to He/She asked (me)

the questions in 2b? + if or + + ve
He/She to know
•
d Work in pairs. Compare answers. e Check in Id;tMW!1¡lIf. p153 .
" ""
EJ!J 19 IQ¡U1I!1!IW.ji(n1l
Listen and practise the reported HELP WITH GRAMMAR
questions in 3a. Copy the stress and weak forms. Reported speech: requests and imperatives
Ffrst he asked me if I was /w'dz/ working at the moment. a Look at these sentences. Which is a request?
Which are imperatives?
•
a Look at these real questions that people have asked in • Can you come to a meeting on Monday?
interviews. Write the questions in reported speech. Use Be at our offices at ten.
the phrases in brackets.
• Don't accept any more work.
b Look at how Eva reported what Max said. Then
complete the rules with imperatives and requests.
WHAT~TO ASK IN AN INTERVIEW! He asked me to come to a meeting on Monday.
He told me to be at their offices at ten.
1 Can my robbit come to I He told me not to accept any more work.
work with me? •
She asked ... if her • • To report , we use:
rabbit could come to •• asked + object + (not) + infinitive with to.
work with her. • • To report , we use:
••
2 Whot isyour star sign? told + object + (not) + infinitive with to.
She asked him ... •
3 Isit a problem if l'm ongry • e Check in 'd;f.!MM!;"'. p153.
most of the time?

He asked him ... Eva and Joe are talking later that day. Write Eva's
sentences in reported speech.
1 Could you give me a lift tomorrow?
4 Will the compony poy to She asked him to give her a lift tomorrow.
look ofter my horse? 2 Call me at lunchtime.
He asked her ... 3 Will you pick me up after the meeting?
S Do I hove to wear a suit 4 Don't worry about me.
for the next interview?
He wanfed fo know ... S Can you book a table at our favourite restaurant?
6 Which job om I opplying 6 Don't tell anyone about the job yet.
for? 7 Do you think you could help me learn my lines?
He wanfed to know ...
7 Hove you been in prison

too? • Choose a partner, but don't work with him/her
He asked him ... yet. Write six questions to ask your partner.
8 Why om I here? Choose questions you don't know the answer
She wanfed to know ... to. Use these phrases and your own ideas.
9 Why oren't you in a more • What are you doing • Do you usually .
interesting business? • How often do you • Have you ever .
She asked fhem ...
• When did you last • Can you ...
10 Can I come bock when
I find my glosses? a Work with your partner. Ask and answer
She wanfed fo know ... your questions. Make notes on your partner's
answers.
b Work with a new partner. Tell him/her about
b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Which question do your conversation with your first partner. Use
you think is the funniest? reported speech.
EJ!J 20 Max phones Eva later that day. She's got the Francesca asked me if I'd ever been to
job! Listen and answer these questions. ~h7 UK. 1 told her I'd been there once.
1 Where does Eva have to go on Monday?
2 What time does she have to be there?
e Tell the class two interesting things you
found out about your first partner.
3 Who is she going to meet?
4 How long is the job going to last?
: .
Vocabulary verb patterns (2): reporting verbs
Ski lis Reading: a review; Listening: a TV
Undercover programme
QUICK REVIEW Adjectives to describe jobs

Write five adjectives to describe jobs
(ehallenging, repetitive, ete.). Then think of
a job for eaeh adjeetive. Work in pairs. Tell
your partner your jobs and adjectives. Do
you agree with your partner's adjectives?
Undercover is already the best drama we've seen on TV

this year. It stars Eva West as Kat Winters, an undercover
Speaking, Reading and cop who works for the SCS (Serious Crime Squad). If you
Vocabulary didn't see the last episode, here's what you missed.
1 What kinds of TV programmes do you watch?
What don't you watch?
2 What's your favourite programme at the
moment? Why do you like it?
3 Do you ever watch poiice dramas? If so,
which ones?
a Before you read, check these words/

phrases with your teacher or in a dictionary.
an undercover cap a smuggler a bug

a státue a wárehouse a trap
b Read the review of the new TV cap show

Undercover. Match the people's names
to their roles. Who are the pea pie in the
photos?
1 Kat a Rupert's wife
2 Rupert b other cops
EPISODE 4: plot summary
3 Gloria e an undercover cop
4 Dom d an artist
Kat is working undercover as a salesperson at a London art gallery
5 Glenn and e the art gallery owned by Rupert Wilde, who the poi ice believe is an international
Darren owner diamond smuggler. After Kat had worked in the gallery for a while,
6 Hendrik Rupert's son Rupert and his wife, Gloria, invited her to have dinner with their family
in their luxury flat above the gallery. Just before dinner, Kat managed
cRead the review again. Answer these
to put a bug in the phone in Rupert's private study. However, she
questions. didn't know that Gloria had seen her leave the study.
1 Where is Kat working undercover?
2 Why can the police hear Rupert's phone calls?
3 Who saw Kat go into Rupert's study?
4 Are Kat and Dom in love with each other? ·
•• Verb patterns (2): reporting verbs
5 What two things are going to happen on •
a Look at the verbs in bold in the review and underline the
Tuesdayevening?
·•• verb form that follows them. Then write the infinitive form of the
verbs in bold in the table.
Tick the verbs you know. Then check new •
••
verbs in VOCABUlARV 11.3 p152.
•• invite + object + (not) + infinitive with to
o o o. • offer (+ not) + infinitive with to
invite offer admit refuse •
•
prórnise agree suggest •• admít + verb+ing
remind warn threOaten ) ••
b Check in VOCABUlARV 11.4 p152.
•
a Work in pairs. What do you think is going to
happen in episode 5 of Undercover?
I think Hendrik might steal Rupert's money.
b 1!D-21 Listen to the beginning of the next

episode. Were any of your ideas correct?
e Listen again. Are these sentences true or
false?
1 Glenn and Darren are outside the warehouse.
2 They call Kat to tell her what's happening.
3 Rupert and Hendrik meet at the warehouse.
4 Rupert phoned Hendrik earlier that afternoon.
After dinner, Rupert's son, Dom, offered to give Kat a lift home.
While they were in the car, Dom admitted being madly in love with 5 Hendrik hasn't got the statues.
Kat. She was rather shocked by this, particularly when Dom refused 6 Gloria threatens to shoot Kat.
to drive her home until she promised to go out on a date with him. 7 Gloria agrees to help the police.
However, Kat needed an opportunity to find out more about the 8 Dom arrives to take Kat on their date.
Wilde family, so she agreed to have dinner with Dom on Tuesday
evening. Dom suggested meeting at the gallery at seven. •
• HELP WITH lISTENING Missing words
The next day, two other SCS cops, Glenn and Darren, sat in a •
• • In informal spoken English we often miss out
van outside the art gallery listening to Rupert's phone calls. They ••
words when the meaning is clear.
heard him call Hendrik Petersen, a famous Dutch artist. Hendrik
agreed to deliver three of his statues to Rupert's warehouse at a Read the beginning of episode 5 of Undercover.
7.30 p.m. on Tuesday, and reminded Rupert to bring the money Notice the missing words in brackets. What
in used ten-pound notes. Rupert warned Hendrik not to tell •
kind of words do we often miss out?
anyone about their plan and threatened to kill him if anything
went wrong. DARREN [Are you] Sure this is the place, Glenn?
GLE NYeah. [The] Warehouse on Tudor Street.
Is Kat walking into a trap? What's going to happen at [At] Seven thirty.
•
Rupert's warehouse? Find out in EPISODE 5! DARREN [It] Looks closed to me. [Do you] Want
• a cigarette?
•• GLENN No, thanks, mate. [1]Gave up last week.
a Look at these conversations from episode 4 of Undercover. •• DARREN Yeah, right. [Have you] Heard from
•
Put the sentences in bold in reported speech. Use the verbs Kat recently?
•
in brackets. • b Look at Audio Script 1!D-21
p172. Listen
• to the first two parts of episode 5 again. Notice
DOM 1Why don't we go to the Ritz? (suggest)
• the missing words in brackets.
100m suggested going to the Ritz.
KAT That sounds nice. I've never been there before.
DOM 2 Sha111book a table? (offer)
Work in pairs. Look again at Audio Script
KAT Good idea.
1!D-21 p172. Take turns to say sentences
1-10 in bold in reported speech.
DOM And 3would you like to come to Paris next weekend? (invite)
KAT Hey, slow down! We haven't even had dinner yet!
Darren agreed to wait and see what happened. I
DOM Yes, I know, I'm sorry. 41say some stupid things -y
sometimes. (admit)
KAT OK. 5 Let's talk about Paris after dinner. (agree) a Work in pairs. Decide what happens at the
end of episode 5 of Undercover. Try to include
RUPERT 6Don't be late, Hendrik. (warn) all the characters. Make notes on your ideas.
HENDRIK Don't worry, 71'11be there on time. (promise)
b Work in groups of four with another pair.
RUPERT 8 And don't forget to watch out for the cops. (remind)
Compare ideas and discuss the best way to
HENDRIK 1'11be careful. But if you don't bring the money, end the episode.
91'11te11the police everything 1 know. (threaten)
RUPERT Sorry, Hendrik, 1°1don't believe you. (refuse)
e Tell the class your group's ideas. Which
ideas are the best, do you think?
b Work in pairs. Compare sentences.
~REAL
WORLD Real World checking information

1 Which three people do you phone the most? What do
you talk about?
2 Do you ever talk in English on the phone? If so, who do
you speak to?
a rmm:J.11 1ilD'22 Look at the photo. Ella has

. got a new job as a PA at Getaway Holidays. Watch or
listen to two phone conversations. Then answer these
questions.
1 Why can't the first caller talk to Tanya Wilson?
2 Why does he want to talk to her?
3 How long is he going to be in the UK?
4 Where and when is Andy going on holiday?
5 Why does he want Ellato contact someone at The Times?
6 What else does he want Ellato do?
e Watch or listen again. Choose the correct words on •• REAL WORLD Checking information
Ella's notepad.
· a Fill in the gaps with these words.
f\afAe could give talking catch

with spelt mean didn't say
~"ESSAG-"EH)R iAtJ'fA
1 Sorry, what did you say your name was again?
Bob IDY(me I {LyaYle cQ\lecltY"o~the USA. 2 Is that Crane a C?
t:lyi~9 +o Lo~clo~ o~ 2¡uesday I ihuysday ~erl wee.k 3 Sarry, I get all of that.
WQ~ts +o ~ee.t toY"3/uYlch I díMedo díscuss 4 Could you _ it again, please?
co~ty"Qct. 5 Do yau this Wednesday?
••
• 6 And yau tell me his surname again?
AY"rivi~9e+ H-eQt~Y"ow
o~ BY"ifis~AiY"WQyS
f\.i9~t
7 Is that N-i-e-I-s-e-n?
~13A6NI13AI6I.(tY"0~~iQ~i e+ '11.1)"111.)"0. 8 Are yau abaut the UK sales conference?
9 Sarry, I didn't quite that.
iO DO 10 Can you it ta me again, please?
- CQIIRu.peri bNíe/soYl I Ntelse« e+ ~e ii~es. b Which sentences in 3a do we use to ask someone
iell ~i~ +ke ~ee.ti~9 o~ Wecl~es~y 7/ zt"
119t" to repeat information? Which do we use to check that
the information we have is correct?
~QS bee.~ cQ~celled..
e Check in 1¡I!;"Wu¡!!.III. p153.
- "E~Qili~vitQtio~s toY"t~e ~U(L I Europeo» seles
co~teY"e~cei~ 9 iondo« I Ltsbo«: lilD' 23 IQiU!l!l!lWiiull1
Listen and practise the
sentences in 3a. Copy the stress and polite intonation.
Sorry, what did you say your name was agafn?
• HELP WITH LlSTENING •• HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION
• Contrastive stress •• Words ending in -tíon, -age and -ture
•
••• • We usually put the main stress on words, numbers or 1ilD>27 Listen to these sounds and words. Notice
letters that we want to check or correct. how we say the suffixes in bold. Listen again and
a 1ilD>24 Listen to these sentences. Where are the practise.
main stresses in Mr Krane's sentence? 1 /J;m/ audTtion prescrlptlon infection
2 /rd3/ manage cóttage encóurage
••
ELLA And it arrives at eleven fifty.
• MR KRANE No, not eleven fifty, eleven fifteen. 3 /tJd/ náture adventure scülpture
• b lilD> 25 Listen to four more pairs of sentences a Work in pairs. Mark the stress on these words.
from Ella's conversations. Which words, letters or
• numbers have the main stress? reception collection promotion prescription
education invitation conversation information
•
e Work in pairs. Look at Audio Script 1ilD>25
p173. organisation pronunciation examination
• Practise saying these pairs of sentences. Take turns to
message village language damage
be Ella.
sausage luggage package
füture miniature temperature manufacture
a Choose the correct words. ••
•• b 1ilD>28 Listen and check. Are the suffixes
A Hello, 1@ /will 1 help you? •• stressed or unstressed? Which syllable is stressed in
B Yes, can 1 speak to Mr Smith, please? •• words ending in -tion? Listen again and practise.
A Do you 2mean/say Ron Smith? Work in pairs. Practise saying these sentences.
B No, Ed Smith.
1 There's a prescription for collection at reception.
2 2 Can you give a message to the cottage in the village?
A Can you call Gary on extension 223 and remind him 3 Our organisation manufactures miniature sculptures.
about the meeting? 4 We encourage language education in our organisation.
B Sorry,I didn't 3give/get all of that. Did you "sayttell 5 I've damaged the package of sausages in my luggage.
extension 233? 6 I managed to get some information on his promotion.
A No, extension 223. 7 We're all going on a nature adventure in the future.
B And are you Stalking/saying about today's meeting? S Good pronunciation is an invitation to conversation!
A No, tomorrow's meeting.
3
continue21earn
A Sorry, 1 didn't quite 6hearlcatch that. Can you
7give/get me your address again?
B 23 Jerrard Street, SE19. • Vocabulary, Grammar and Real World

A Is 8this/that Gerrard 9with/for a G? • Extra Practice 11 and Progress Portfolio 11 p125
B No, it's lOwith/for a J.
4 • 11A-D Workbook p55
A Sorry, llwhat/who did you say his name was again? • Self-study DVD-ROM 11 with Review Video
B It's Trevor Martyn.
A And is that 12spelt/said M-a-r-t-i-n?
B No, it's M-a-r-t-y-n.
A And do you 13want/like to talk to him
14 about/for this year's conference?
B No, next year's conference.
b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Where are the

main stresses in the sentences in bold in 6a?
e lilD> 26 Listen and check.
d Work with your partner. Practise the conversations
in 6a. Take turns to be A and B. • Reading and Writing
• Portfolio 11 Telling a story Workbook p84
Work in new pairs. Student A p106. Student B p111. Reading a story about an interview
Writing verb forms in stories
ti
I wish! Vocabulary informalwords and phrases
Grarnrnar wishes
QUICK REVIEW Checking information Write

the names, addresses and phone numbers of
two people you know (or you can invent them).
Work in pairs. Take tums to say the information.
Your partner writes it down. Check any
information you are not sure of: Sorry, 1didn't
get all ofthat. 15that 5pelt H-e-r-n-a-n?

Informal words and phrases
a Work in pairs. Guess the meanings of
the words/phrases in bold. Then check your
answers in tlUg.!:!iI!!1¡tlfjt p154.
1 I really fancy going away this weekend.
2 I'Can't be bothered to cook this evening.
3 I don't feel up to going out after class.
4 I'm completely broke at the moment.
5 I often hang around for a bit after class.
6 The last film I saw was rubbish.
7 I'm really into yoga at the moment.
8 lt's up to me when I take my holiday.
9 I reckon it's going to rain tomorrow. Ii]---
10 I could do with a few days off.
• HELP WITH GRAMMAR Wishes
11 I'm sick of working or studying so hard.
12 I'm off to the cinema later. a Look at the sentences in 2c. Then answer the questions.
1 Do these sentences talk about real or imaginary situations?
b Work on your own. Choose six sentences
from 1a that are true for you. • 2 Do they talk about the past or the present/future?
•• b Look at this sentence. Then answer the questions.
c Work in pairs. Tell your partner your ••
sentences. Ask follow-up questions and try to • I wish we had a caro
continue each conversation for 20 seconds. 1 Has Juliet got a car?
2 Would she like to have one?
Listening c Look again at the sentences in 2c. Then fill in the gaps with
a Work in pairs. Look at photos A-E. What Past Contínuous, Past Simple, dídn't have to or could.
do you think the people are talking about? • • To make wishes about states we use: wish +
••
b ~ 29 Listen and match conversations
1-5 to photos A-E. ·•• • To make wishes about activities happening now we use:
wish+
• • To make wishes about abilities or possibilities we use:
c Listen again. Fill in the gaps with one •
•
or two words. • wish + + infinitive.
•
• • To make wishes about obligations we use:
1 I wish we had a _ •
• wish + + infinitive.
2 I wish I could come •
•
3 I wish I was on a somewhere. TIPS • We can say I wish I/he/she/it was ... or I wish I/he/she/it
4 I wish we didn't have to go to this were ... : I wish I was/were on a beach samewhere.
• We often use the second conditional to give reasons for wishes:
I wish we had a caro If we had ane, I wouldn't spend half my life
5 I wish you were coming to the _
waiting far buses.
with me.
• d Check in Idit'M@'¡'fJt p155.
Write sentences with I wish for these situations.
I have to study all evening.
I wish I dkin't have to study all evening.
2 I'm sitting in a traffic jam.
3 We have to get up at six o'clock every day.
4 I can't afford to go on holiday this year.
5 We live in a very dangerous neighbourhood.
6 My wife's working late this evening.
7 I don't know how to sail.
a Fill in the gaps in these second conditionals with

the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
a If I could (can)sail, I 'd live (live)on a boat all summer.
b I (meet) up with friends tonight
if I (not have) an exam tomorrow.
e If there (not be) so much traffic,
I (be) home by now.
d If I (can) afford a holiday,
I (go) to Turkey.
e I (take) her out to a nice restaurant
if she (not have to) work.
We (not have to) leave home so early
if we (live)closer to the office.
9 If we (Iive)in a nicer part of town,
we (go out) at night more often.
b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Then match the
sentences in 5 to the sentences in 6a.

a Write six wishes for you. Use these ideas or
your own.
e lifestyle e languages e money
e possessions e skills and abilities e home
a Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs
in brackets. e work or studies e relationships e sport
1 I wish I (can) find a job. I wish I had more free time.

2 I wish it (not be) so cold in this flat. b Think about how your life would be different if
3 I wish I (not have to) mark all these exams. your wishes came true.
4 I wish I (have)a new dress for the party. If I had more free time, I'd write a book.
5 I wish we (stay) at home this evening. a Work in groups. Tell each other about your wishes
6 I wish the bus stop (be) closer to our flat. and how your life would be different if they came
7 I wish he (can) come to the pub with uso true. Ask follow-up questions if possible. Which are
a I wish I (not have to) finish this report. the most interesting or surprising wishes?
9 I wish he (Iike)musicals. ,---------
1 wish 1 could speak Spanish fluently. If 1
10I wish I (sit) in a beach bar right now. could, I'd go and work in South America.
b E:Jt 30 IQ¡UI¡i1h1Ií!f.ii¡'111 Listen and check.
"..
Really? Which country would you go to?

!
Listen again and practise.

I wish I could find a job.
b Tell the class about the most interesting or
e Work in pairs. Which people in photos A-E do surprising wishes in your group.
you think said the sentences in 4a? There is one
sentence for each persono
ti
Vocabulary phrases with get
Important moments Grammar third conditional
QUICK REVIEW Wishes Write one thing you wish:

you had, you could do, you didn't have to do: 1 wish 1
had a scooter. Think of reasons for your wishes: If 1had
a scooter, 1could get to school quicker. Work in pairs.
Tell your partner about your wishes and your reasons.

Phrases with get
a Look at the table. Notice the different meanings of
get. Tick the phrases you know in the table.
get = receive/obtain I get = become

get something to eatldrink get lost
get ajob get depressed/angry
get = travel/arrive other phrases with get Listening

---
gethome get on well with someone 1!D-31 Look at the photos. Then listen to Carol,
get here/there get to know someone Anthony and Michelle talking about important
moments in their lives. Choose the correct answers.
1 Carol met her husband in the USA/at a party.
2 Owen couldn't fly home because he lost his passport/
the airport was closed.
b Work in pairs. Fill in the gaps in the table with these 3 Anthony got into financial trouble/lost his job.
phrases. Then check in fHlíf!1:!Ii'Mjfl. p154. 4 He now lives in London/the country.
5 Michelle used to work very hard/get into trouble
get fed üp with something get in to·uchwith someone at school.
get around get a message get back from somewhere 6 She has competed/wants to compete in the Olympics.
get rid of something get into trouble
get a present get to work get a phone call a Work in pairs. Who said these sentences: Carol,
get better/worse at something get older Anthony or Michelle?
a If I'd stayed at home, I wouldn't have met my husband.
e Work in the same pairs. Which other phrases with b If I hadn't lost my job, I wouldn't have started my
get do you know? own business.
get on someone's nerves e He'd have flown home that day if the weather hadn't
get annoyed about something been so bad.
d If I hadn't won that race, I'd never have become a
a Write three true sentences and three false sentences serious athlete.
about yourself using phrases from 1a and 1b. e I wouldn't have left London if I'd stayed with the
1get on really well with my neighbours. ad agency.
1used to get into trouble a lot at school. If I hadn't started doing this, I'd have got into a lot
more trouble.
b Work in pairs. Take turns to say your sentences.
You can ask your partner two questions about each b 1!D-31 Listen again and check. Put the
sentence. Guess which of your partner's sentences sentences in 4a in the order you hear them.
are false .
a Fill in the gaps in these third conditionals with the
correct form of the verbs.
If her friend hadn't introduced (not introduce) them,
they wouldn't have met. (not meet)
2 She (become) a serious athlete
• HELP WITH GRAMMAR Third conditional if she (come) last.
a Look at this sentence. Answer the questions. 3 If the agency (not get) into financial
trouble, he (not start) his own
if clause main clause
•• business.
If I'd stayed at home, 11 wouldn't have met my husband. 4 He (stay) in London if he
••
1 Ooes the sentence talk about the past or the present? (not lose) his job.
•
• 2 Ooes this sentence talk about something that is real 5 If he _ (go back) to Boston, he
• or imaginary? (not see) her again.
•
• 3 Oid Carol stay at home? b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Then match the
4 Oid she meet her husband? sentences to the people in photos A-C.
b Look at the third conditionals in 4a. Then choose
Write third conditionals for these situations.
the correct words in these rules.
1 I overslept so I was late for work.
e In the if clause we use the Past SimplelPast Perfect.
•
• e In the main clause we use 'd, would or wouldn't + have
If 1 hadn't overs/ept, 1 wouldn't have been late for work.
• 2 They got lost because they didn't take a map.
•• + Past Simplelpast participle.
• 3 Roberta was exhausted so she didn't go out.
• e The if clause is always tirst/cen be first or second in
'.
• the sentence.
e Check in IH;fMiMl¡U". p155.

4
5
Paula was ill so she didn't go to school.
Kevin got depressed because his wife left him.
6 I didn't call you because I lost my phone.
• HELP WITH LlSTENING Third conditional
a ~32 Listen to these third conditionals. Notice
~-
how we say the contractions (I'd, etc.) and the weak
form of have. • a Think about three important moments in your
• life. Use these ideas or your own.
••
>
If I'd stayed at home, 1 wouldn't have /ay/ met my husband.
e people you've met e having children
If 1 hadn't lost my job, 1 wouldn't have /ay/ started my
own business. e places you've visited e getting or losing jobs
e exams you've taken e choosing what to study
b ~ 33 Listen and write the sentences you hear.
You will hear each sentence twice. b Write three third conditionals about how your
life would have been different if these things hadn't
~34 IQ¡¡'¡¡!IiI!gt.Uulll Listen and practise. Copy the happened.
contractions and the weak form of have.
if they'd wanted to ...•
Work in pairs. Tell each other about the important
moments in your life. Ask follow-up questions.
J
They'd have /sv/ come to the party if they'd wanted to.
Vocabulary word building (3):
word families
Skills Listening: a radio interview;
Superheroes Reading: a magazine article
QUICK REVIEW Third conditional Write three sentences

HELP WITH LlSTENING
with because about good or bad things that happened to you
Sentence stress and weak forms: review
last week: On Friday I was late for work beca use I missed the
train. Work in pairs. Swap sentences. Make third conditionals a Work in pairs. Look at the beginning of the
• interview. Mark the stressed words and circle
from your partner's sentences: If you hadn't missed the train
the weak forms.
on Friday, you wouldn't have been late for work.
HelloQ welcome@ the prógramme. Stories
•
of superheroes have entertained us for nearly
Speaking and Listening eighty years, and one of the most popular of
these is Spider-Man. Today I'm talking to the
author Robin Baker, whose new book, Superhero,
1 Look at the photo of Spider-Man. What superpowers does •
he have? tells the story of Spider-Man's creator, Sta n
2 Have you seen any of the Spider-Man films? If so, did you like Lee. Welcome to the programme, Robin.
them? Why?/Why not? •
3 What other superheroes do you know? What superpowers do
b Look at Audio Script E:!!J35
p174. Read
and listen to the beginning of the interview.
they have?
Check your answers.
4 Look at the photo of Stan Lee. What do you think he did?
e Listen to the whole interview again. Follow
the sentence stress and weak forms.
Reading and Vocabulary

a Look at the photo on p99. What is the man
doing? Why is he doing this, do you think?
b Before you read, check these words with
your teacher or in a dictionary.
a córna a rope equipment a skyscraper
cRead about Alain Robert. Match these

topics to paragraphs 1-6.
a A childhood adventure
b The real Spider-Man 1
e Danger and poiice
a E:!!J35 Listen to an interview with the writer, Robin Baker. d A terrible fall
Put topics a-e in the order he talks about them.
e Why he likes climbing
a Stan Lee's other superhero characters. Three amazing climbs
b Why Spider-Man is different from other superheroes.
d Read the article again. Answer these
e How Spider-Man got his name.
questions.
d Stan Lee and his characters' movies.
1 Why did he climb up the side of the building
e Spider-Man's superpowers.
where his family lived?
b Listen again. Are these sentences true or false? 2 Why were the doctors wrong?
1 Stan Lee's comic The Fantastic Four saved his company. 3 Why is his style of climbing so dangerous?
2 He thought of the idea for Spider-Man when he saw a spider 4 Why does he usually get arrested?
walking up a wall. 5 What did he do for the first Spider-Man movie?
3 Spider-Man was the first name that Stan Lee thought of. 6 What happened after he climbed the Jin Mao
4 Spider-Man doesn't have problems like normal people. Building?
5 He got his superpowers when he was bitten by a spider. 7 Why does he climb?
6 Stan Lee is usually a newspaper seller in his characters' movies.
••• HELP WITH VOCABULARY
• Word building (3): word families
a Work in pairs. Fill in the gaps in the table with the
• words in bold in the article. Write the infinitive form of
•
• the verbs.
•
•
• verb noun adjective
disappoint disappointment disappointed, disappointing
enjoyment enjoyable
protect protection
care care - , careless
attract ---- attractive
-- preference preferable
entertain --,------- entertaining
The real Spider-Mon •

relax -
b Look at the table again. Underline the suffixes in the

relaxing, relaxed
nouns and adjectives.

1 Alain Robert has climbed about 100 of the world's tallest
buildings, including the Empire State Building in New disappointment, disappoint~ dísappointing
York, the Eiffel Tower in Paris and the Petronas Twin e Do we use these suffixes to make nouns (N) or
Towers in Malaysia. lt's not surprising people call hirn adjectives (A)?
'The real Spider-Man'.
2 Alain began climbing on the cliffs near where he lived in -ment N -ing A -ed -able -ion
Valence, France. One day, when he was 12, he got home -ive -ful -less -ence -ation
and realised that he'd forgotten hls keys. So he climbed up ••
the síde of the building and into his family's flat through the •• d Check in fHiq.':lii!.j¡\"fl. p154.
window - which was eight floors up. That was when he
•
decided to become a professional climber. a Work in pairs. Look at the verbs in the table. Fill in the
3 In his teens he climbed all the difficult mountains in the •• gaps with the correct nouns and adjectives.
Alps and found them "rother disappointing". However,
he did have a few bad falls. In 1982 he fell 15 metres verb noun adjective
and was in a coma for five days. Doctors soid he'd never create creation creative
climb again. Alain was back on a mountain after only six
months. pollute -- ... .•.. _ .. - ._ ......... -
4 In 1994 he climbed his lirst skyscraper, in Chicago, and employ ..
realised he enjoyed doing what seemed impossible. He embarrass

clirnbs without ropes or protective equipment - just with
hls hands and feet. He's always very careful, of course,
depend
but cdrnits that the danger is part of the attraction. Also harm .- ---- - _. - - -~._- - - --
he usually clirnbs without permission, which means he
•• predict ... ... _ ..
often gets arrested. 'Thot's no problern." says Alain.
"1 prefer staying in prison to staying in hospital." •• confuse ......
5 • reserve
•••
For the release of the lirst Spider-Man film in 2002, Alain -
climbed the tallest skyscraper in Venezuela wearing a
• b Check in ,lUq·':li!"'iV'fl. p154.
Spider-Man costume and was watched live on TV by over
10 mili ion people. He also climbed the 88-storey J'n Mao
Building in Shanghai in 2007, again dressed as Spider- Work in pairs. Take turns to saya verbo Your partner says
Man, after which he was arrested and held in prison for the noun and adjective(s).
five days. And in 201 1 he clirnbed the tallest building in
the world, the 828-metre Burj Khalifa Tower in Dubai, in create creation, creative
just over six hours. ~
6 However, Alain doesn't climb buildings just to provide Create your own superhero! Work in groups. Look
entertainment for the public. For hirn, climbing is a form at p114.
of relaxation, but there's also a deeper meaning to what
he does. "lt gives me a sense of what is important on
Earth," he says. "When you're facing your own death,
money is not that important."
ti
• HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Review quiz
•
· Work in pairs or groups. Do the pronunciation quiz!
1 Circle the word endings that we don't say with a Idl sound. (2 points)
kindness manage dangerous adventure Work in groups of four. Read the

argument honesty promotian rules.Then play the game!
2 Which adjective in each group has a different stress pattern? (2 pts)

a relaxed concerned frightened
b exhausted terrified embarrassed
••
Match each word 1-3 to a word a-c with the same ear sound. (3 pts) You need: One counter for each
• 3
•• 1 beard a wearing student; one dice for each group.
••
2 bear b heard How to play: Put your counters
•
••• 3 earthquake e disappear on START. Take turns to throw the
• 4 Look at the letters in bold. Are the saunds the same or different? (6 pts) dice, move your counter and read
• the instructions on the square. The
a a gorgeous jacket
•• first student to get to FINISH is the
• b a university student
•• e an intermediate certificate
winner.
•
• d a stubborn workaholic Grammar and Vocabulary
•• squares: The first student to land
• e enough stuff
• although it's a drought on a Grammar or Vocabulary
• square answers question 1. The
5 Write the extra linking sounds in these phrasal verbs. (3 pts)
• second student to land on the same
• clear~1f.-0ut gO~1 f.-up see~1 f.-0ff
• square answers question 2. If the
•• 6 Look at this sentence. Do we say the words in pink in their strong or weak other students think your answer is
•• forms? (4 pts) correct, you can stay on the square.
•• We were trying to find out who this email was fram.
•• If the answer is wrong, you must
move back to the last square you
1iJ!t36 Listen and check your answers. How many points did you get? were on. If a third or fourth student
• Listen again and practise.
lands on the same square, he/she
can stay on the square without
continue21earn answering a question.
Talk about squares: If you land on

a Talk about square, talk about the
topic for 30 seconds. Another student
• Extra Practice 12 and Progress Portfolio 12 p126 can check the time. If you can't talk
• Language Summary 12 p154 for 30 seconds, you must move back
• 12A-C Workbook p60 to the last square you were on. If a
• Self-study DVD-ROM 12 with Review Video second or third student lands on the
same square, he/she also talks about
the same topic for 30 seconds .

• Portfolio 12 Life changes Workbook p86
Reading descriptions of important moments
Writing common mistakes; an important moment
••
What are the opposites Correct the mistake in
of these words? this sentence. Talk about the
MOVE BACK TWO house or flat you
FINISH 1 painful, correct,
common, polite
2 responsible, useless,
SQUARES
1 His phone's not as
older as mine.
2 This house is the same
lived in when you
wereachlld.
appear, reliable size than ours.
Do we use make or do
Make a sentence
with these words/ Put this question into
with I wish ... for this
phrases? Talk about what reported speech.
situation. MOVE FORWARD
1 a course, up your mind, you did on your 1 What are you doing?
1 I don't have a laptop. TWO SQUARES money, exercise
2 I have to go to a
last birthday. 2 Does Jim work in the
• • G ~
2 a noise, a degree, city centre?
meeting. progress, an exam
Make nouns from these

~---------------,
Sayeight:
adjectives. Which verb pattern
Talk about your follows these verbs? 1 body movements and
1 sad, dangerous, MOVE FORWARD
responses
popular, healthy last holiday. 1 refuse, admit, remind THREE SQUARES
2 adjectives to describe
2 difficult, kind, patient, 2 invite, suggest, agree
• •
jobs
possible
fJ)L...-----~
Do we use do, to do
Put this sentence into
or doing with these
the passive. Which verb form comes
Talk about your Talk about street phrases?
1 Someone's stolen my after these verbs?
favourite musical phone. 1 keep, need, make, will
food you like or 1 be useless at, manage,
don't like. cauld
experiences. 2 Someone's repairing 2 let, seem, would, finish
2 knaw how, be able to,
my caro
be no good at O
Correct the mistake in What's the question
Which prepositions?
this sentence. tag? Sayeight:
1 take part sth, protest
1 I've been visiting six MOVE BACK THREE 1 You went out last night, 1 adjectives to describe
... sth, go strike
countries so faro SQUARES ...
? feelings
2 keep ... touch ... sb,
2 He's been working here 2 He doesn't know her, 2 character adjectives
•
get hold ... sb
since two years.
Do we use trave/, get

o ~---------------, ...
?
Make adjectives from

or go on with these Do these verbs usually
these verbs.
phrases? Talk about a job describe states or Talk about what you
1 disappoint, protect,
1 first class, a cruise, you've done or activities?
relax, care
would do if you had
on a bus would like to do. 1 watch, seem, own, eat
2 attract, predict, more free time.
•
2 a trip, on your own,
a taxi
2 prefer, buy, cook, need
relax, entertain
al L..------tiJ1
Say eight words/phrases Correct the mistake in

Say the strong adjectives
for: Talk about things this sentence.
for these gradable
MOVE FORWARD 1 health problems or that tourists can 1 If I'd be younger, I'd go adjectives.
TWO symptoms do in your town, travelling.
1 hot, surprised, tired, bad
SQUARES 2 bad weather or natural city or country. 2 Can you tell me what
2 big, dirty, small, hot
•
disasters time does it start? •
Which prepositions
Make a question with
do we use with these
Howlong ... ?
adjectives?
Talk about what
START 1 good, nervous,
interested, upset
1 She's been living in
Rome for ayear. makes you happy.
MOVE FORWARD
THREE
SQUARES
•
2 I've had my car since
2 keen, fed up, worried,
scared O 2010.
8------'
Pair and Group Work: Student/Group A
1A . p7 20 : p21
a Work on your own. Make questions with these a Work on your own. Imagine you have this problem.
words. Which questions have a preposition at the end? Then think of one thing you've tried to do to solve the
Which are subject questions? problem.
1 from I parents I do I your I Where I come?
Where do your parents come from? Your cousin got divorced recentlyand moved out of
2 you I about I friends I your I and I do I What largue? his house, so you invited him to stay for a few days.
3 radio station I to I normally Ilisten I do I Which I you ? It's now six weeks later and he's stillliving with you.
He isn't working at the moment, so he just stays at
4 do I on I Who I with I holiday I usually I go I you ?
home and watches TV all day. He's driving you crazy
5 in I home I first I gets up I Who I your ? and you want him to move out.
6 your I most of I does I home I the cooking I Who I in ?
b Work with your partner. Ask and answer the b Work with a student from group B and group C.
questions. Ask follow-up questions if possible. Take turns to explain your problems, show concern and
give advice. Whose advice is the best, do you think?
I've got a bit oi a problern.

38 p25
a Work on your own. Read about Polly Kirby's job. Oh, dear. What's the rnatter?
Well, rny cousin got divorced recently ...

I've been writing guide books for 1 years.
I've written three books and now I'm working on a
book about Kenya. I've been living in Africa since e Tell the class the best piece of advice you received.
2 and 1really love it here. I've been
travelling around Kenya for two weeks and I've visited
3 different places so faroAt the moment
3A p23
I'm on a guided tour to Mount Kilimanjaro. I've wanted
to climb this mountain since 1 arrived in Africa. We've a Work on your own. Fill in the gaps with you and the
been walking since 4 and I'm absolutely correct form of these verbs. Use the Present Perfect
exhausted. We've Simple or Past Simple.
travelled about
15 km today and I've see have decide go away
seen 5 know study watch speak
elephants! My
guide, Shola, has
1 What's the best film you:'{~...§_e~l1_
recently?
been doing this job
for 30 years. He's 2 _____ ever a really bad holiday?
climbed Kilimanjaro 3 ___.__ any sport on TV last week?
6
4 what to do this weekend
times this year. I've yet?
only known him for
three days, but we're 5 How long the other
already good friends. students in the class?
6 for the weekend last
month?
b Work with a student from group A. Make questions 7 to anyone in your family
with How long ... ? or How many ... ? to complete the today?
text. Use the Present Perfect Continuous and Present
8 Is this the first time English
Perfect Simple.
in a language school?
1 How long has Polly been writing guide books?
b Work with your partner. Ask and answer the
e Work with a student from group B. Ask and answer questions. Ask follow-up questions if possible.
the questions. Fill in the gaps in the text. You start.
d Compare your texts and check your answers.
58 p41 5C p43
a Work on your own. Fill in the gaps with away, a Work on your own. Put the verbs in brackets in the
through, out or up. correct formo There may be more than one possible
1 Which room in your house do you need to clear out ? answer.
2 Who tidies the house in your family? 1 Do you enjoy (go) to birthday parties?
3 Do you tend to keep everything or do you give things 2 Have you ever helped someone (organise)
? a birthday party?
4 When did you last sort your photos, DVDs 3 Would you rather (have)your birthday at a
or music? different time of the year?
5 Do you put your clothes __ before you go 4 Have you ever forgotten (buy) someone in
to bed? your family a birthday present?
6 How often do you go your drawers and 5 Did your parents make you (thank) your
throw things ? relatives for your birthday presents?
7 What was the last thing you threw __ ? 6 What do you think the class should (give)
your teacher on his/her birthday?
b Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
Who is tidier, you or your partner? b Work with your partner. Ask and answer the
questions. Ask follow-up questions.
6A p47
6C : p51
a Work on your own. Read about a problem you
have. Think of three ways you can deal with the a Work with a student from group A. Write the
problem and decide what will happen if you choose correct synonym for the words in bold.
each of these options.
pleasant
1 Do you expect people you meet to be fliee and easy
You're doing a medical degree and you're in the third
to talk to?
year of a five-yearcourse. However,you have money
problems. You need ~9,OOOto pay for next year's a Yes, always. b Sometimes. e No, not usually.
course, but you haven't got the money.Your parents 2 How content do you feel about your life?
havealready lent you ~3,OOOand you also owe the a Very. Quite.
b e Not very.
bank ~6,OOO. 3 How often do you make a decision about something
based on your intuition?
get a r::art-time job - not have enough time to study a Usually. b Sometimes. e Hardly ever.
4 When did you last talk to a stranger, for example in
b Work with a student from group B and group C.
a queue or on a train?
Take turns to talk about your problem and your options.
Discuss what will happen if you choose each option. a Last week. b Last month. More than a
e
Your partners can also suggest other options. month ago.
5 Do you ever feel frightened when you're going to do
If 1 get a part-time job, 1 won't I Why don't something new?
have enough time to study. you oo, ? a Yes, usually. b Yes, sometimes. e No, not usually.
---, /' I ~
6 Do you think you're a lucky person?
a Yes, definitely. b Sometimes. e No, not really.
, If 1 do that,
'----V
oo, I
b Work with a student from group B. Ask and answer
e Decide what to do. Does your group think you've
the questions. Say the three possible answers when
made the right decision?
you ask your questions.
e Give your partner 3 points for every a answer,
2 points for every b answer and 1 point for every
e answer. What is his/her score?
d Tell your partner his/her score. Then look at p155.
Who is luckier, you or your partner?
Pair and Group Work: StudentlGroup A
50 . p45 7C . p59
a Work on your own. You want to buy these things. a Work on your own. Fill in the gaps in these
Decide how you can explain them to a sales assistant. questions with a, an, the or - (= no article).
1 Do you know anyone who has just bought new
laptop?
2 When did you last have __ problem with your
computer? Oid you manage to solve __ problem
yourself?
3 Which do you like best, Italian food or
Chinese food?
4 Where's __ best place for tourists to visit in _
south of your country?
5 Would you prefer to go on holiday to __ USA or
South Africa?
6 What is/was the best thing about going to
school?
7 Do you know anyone who's __ singer or __
actor?
b Work with your partner. You are a customer. Your questions. Ask follow-up questions if possible.
partner is a sales assistant. Describe the four things in
a you want to buy from his/her shop. Write the English
words for each thing under the pictures. Don't look at - -- ------------ - --
your partner's book. 98 · p73
e You are a sales assistant. Your partner is a customer. a Work with a student from group A. Choose the
Look at these things in your shop. Listen to your partner correct auxiliaries in the news summary.
describe the things he/she wants to buyo When you
understand which thing he/she is describing, tell himl
her the English word. Don't show your partner the
pictures. Hello, here is (your name) with the news
headlines. The USA 1haslhas been had
more bad weather today. Tornadoes 2havel
have been hit towns and cities in Texas,
and hundreds of homes 3havelhave been
destroyed. Over 50 people 4havelhave been
injured, but so far nobody 5haslhas been died.
a tan cdtton buds
The England footballer Phil West 6has justl
has just been told the media that he's getting
married next year. Phil and his girlfriend, Sally,
7havelhave been already decided where to
have the wedding, but so far the location
washing-üp liquid 8haslhas been kept a secret.
b Practise reading the news summary to your partner

from group A.
e Work in pairs with a student from group B. Take

turns to read your news summary without stopping.
a pan scourer türniture polish a dúster Make brief notes on your partner's news summary.
d Work in pairs. Check your answers. Did you write the d Work with your partner from group A. Compare
correct words? notes. What were group B's news stories about?
Pair and Group Work: StudentlGroup A
7B . p57 3e p27
a Work on your own. Fill in the gaps with the correct a Read the fact file about a voluntourism holiday. You
form of the verbs in brackets. are going to tell the other students in your group about
What you (do) if you suddenly the holiday. Make notes on the main points.
(become) incredibly rich?
2 Ifyou_ (not study) English, which language
you (Iike)to study?
3 If you (have to) sing in a karaoke bar, which
song you (sing)?
4 How your life (be) different if you
(Iive)in the USA?
5 If you (can) have dinner with a famous actor
or actress, who __ you __ (choose)?
questions. Continue the conversation if possible.
PLACE Cambodia, southeast Asia

100 p85
TYPEoFWoRK help to build a new medical centre for
a Work on your own. Read the information about the area with people from the local
conversations 1 and 2. Decide what you want to say community
in each conversation. ACCoMMooATloN stay in own room in local villagers'
ANO rooo homes; share meals with their host
family
You are staying with student B for a few days. Make
FREETIME go hiking in the jungle with a local guide
questions to ask permissionto do these things.
from the village; relax on beautiful
• make yourselfsomething to eat beaches
• phone your friend in Kenya OTHER You must be physically fit and healthy.
• borrow his/her car tomorrow evening INFoRMATloN The project is in a remote area of the
• use his/her computer to check your email country - no internet, phone, TV, etc.
• inviteyour cousin to stay the night on Saturday
• have a shower
b Work in your groups. Close your books. Take turns
to tell your group about the holiday.
2 Student B is staying with you for a few days. He/She e Choose which holiday you'd like to go on. Give
is going to ask permissionto do these things. Decide reasons tor your choices.
if you want to give or refuse permission. If you want to
refuse permission,think of a reasonwhy. d Tell the class which holiday you've chosen. Which
holiday is the most popular?
• watch a DVDthis evening
• borrow 1::100 until next week
• make himself/herselfa cup of tea
• stay an extra couple of days
• give his/her sister a call 9A . p71
• invitesome of his/her friends to come round for a Work with a student from group A. Write sentences
dinner tomorrow
to describe these words/phrases. Use who, that, which
or where. Check words you don't know in a dictionary.
b Work with your partner. Role-play the conversations.
a lifeguard a garage a blender
You start conversation 1. Your partner starts
a memory stick a vegetarian an optimist
conversation 2.
a residential area an estate agent
e Tell the class which things your partner refused
permission for and why. A person who saves people's lives at the beach.
b Work in groups ot tour with a pair trom group B. Take
turns to say your sentences. Guess the other pair's
words. Which pair guessed the most words correctly?
8A . p63 90 . p77
a Work in pairs with a student from group A. Write a Work on your own. Read the information for
questions with these words. Put the verbs in the correct conversations 1 and 2. Decide what you want to say in
active or passive formo Use by if necessary. each conversation.
1 In which year / New Orleans / destroy / Hurricane
Katrina? You are a doctor. Your next patient has just moved
to this town and you haven't seen him/her before.
a In 2001. b In 2005. e In 2009.
Firstly,find out a few things about him/her (job,
2 What percentage of people who / kill / lightning every family, etc.). Then ask what his/her symptoms are.
year are male? Finally,decide on the correct treatment.
a 50% b 70% e 85%
3 Which of these countries / have / the most tornadoes 2 You are a patient. You have already seen your doctor
in the last 20 years? twice this month, but he/she wasn't very helpful (Iast
a Mexico. b The USA. e Cuba. time he/she told you to take some paracetamol).
4 Which country / hit / the world's biggest earthquake Decide what your symptoms are and how long
in 1960? you've had them. Also decide if you've had these
a China. b The USA. e Chile. symptoms before.
S Which country / have got / the largest number of active
volcanoes in the world? b Work with your partner. Role-play the conversations.
You start conversation 1. Your partner starts
a Indonesia. b Japan. e The Philippines.
conversation 2.
6 What percentage of the Earth's surface / cover / water?
a About 60%. b About 70%. e About 80%. e Tell the class about the treatment your doctor
suggested. Were you happy with your doctor's advice?
b Work in a group of four with a pair from group B. Why? /Why not?
Ask and answer the questions. Say the three possible ______ --.J
answers when you ask your questions. (The correct
answers are in bol d.)
110 p93
e Which pair got more answers right?
a Work on your own. Read this information. Underline
the main points and plan what you are going to sayo
10C . p83
Your name is Chris Baker and you work for a travel
a Work on your own. Fill in the gaps with the correct company called East Coast Breaks in California, USA.
form of these phrasal verbs. You are going to call Getaway Holidays in the UK.
You want to speak to Tanya Wilson. You have already
get out of get over split up arranged a meeting with Tanya at 3.15 p.m. on Friday.
look up put off come up with You are arriving at Gatwick Airport, London, at 12.35.
Your flight number is BA 4517.You would like
What do you think is the most common reason why someone to pick you up at the airport. Your work
couples ? phone number is 001 212555 1229.
2 How long does it usually take you to _
abad cold?
b Look again at the information you underlined in a,
3 Are you good at solutions to problems?
then phone Tanya Wilson. If she isn't there, leave a
4 When did you last try to something you message with her PA.
didn't want to do?
S What was the last word you in a e You are Bob Krane's PA at Miami Hotels Ud in
dictionary? Florida, USA. Mr Krane is in a meeting at the moment.
Answer the phone and take a message for him. Check
6 Do you usually do things immediately, or do you
them until the last minute? information when you need to.
b Work with your partner. Ask and answer the d Work with your partner. Check his/her message.
questions. Ask follow-up questions if possible. Is it correct?
11
Pair and Group Work: Student/Group B
I1A . p7 20 : p21
a Work on your own. Make questions with these a Work on your own. Imagine you have this problem.
words. Which questions have a preposition at the end? Then think of one thing you've tried to do to solve the
Which are subject questions? problem.
1 to / you / music / What / do / kind of / listen ?
What kind of music do you listen to? You've got some new neighbours and they're very
friendly.However,they come round to your house every
2 you and your friends / What / about / talking / do / like ? day asking for help, or just a chat. They usuallystay for
3 the / you / do / go to / with / usually / cinema / Who ? at least an hour each time. You work at home, and your
4 to / you / countries / want / to / Which / go / do ? neighbours' visits are starting to get on your nerves.
5 home / goes / Who / in / bed / your / last / to ?
6 home / the most / watches / your / in / Who / TV ? b Work with a student from group A and group C.
Take turns to explain your problems, show concern and
questions. Ask follow-up questions if possible.
I've got a bit of a problem.
---
Oh, dear. What's the matter?

3B p25
I - --- I
a Work on your own. Read about Polly Kirby's job. Well, I've got some new neighbours ... ,
I've been wrítíng guide books for four years. I've written
a books and now I'm working on a book
e Tell the class the best piece of advice you received.
about Kenya. I've been living in Africa since 1 lefi
university and 1 really love it here. I've been travelling
around Kenya for b and I've visited six
different places so faro At the moment I'm on a guided
3A p23
tour to Mount Kilimanjaro. I've wanted to climb this a Work on your own. Fill in the gaps with you and the
mountain since e • We've been walking
correct form of these verbs. Use the Present Perfect
since 7 a.m. and I'm absolutely exhausted. We've travelled
d km Simple or Past Simple.
today and I've seen miss go on get have
about 15 elephants!
My guíde, Shola, has do study see look
been doing this job for
e . He's 1 Have~ygu ever missed aplane?
climbed Kilimanjaro 2 Howlong __ _ your mobile?
nine times this year.
3 anything special on your
I've only known him
last birthday?
for f
but we're already 4 any long journeys lately?
good friends. 5 anything good on TV
this week?
6 How many emails
b Work with a student from group B. Make questions yesterday?
with How long ... ? or How many ... ? to complete the 7 at the DVD~ROMfor this
text. Use the Present Perfect Continuous and Present lesson yet?
Perfect Simple. 8 Is this the first time
a How many books has she written? the Present Perfect Simple?
e Work with a student from group A. Ask and answer b Work with your partner. Ask and answer the
the questions. Fill in the gaps in the text. Your partner questions. Ask follow-up questions if possible.
starts.
d Compare your texts and check your answers.
11
- ------,
58 p41 5C p43
a Work on your own. Fill in the gaps with away, a Work on your own. Put the verbs in brackets in the
through, out or up. correct formo There may be more than one possible
1 Do you always put things awaL after you use them? answer.
2 How often do you clear your wardrobe? a What would you like (do) on your next
3 When did you last tidy your bedroom? birthday?
b Do you know anyone who hates (celebrate)
4 Do you throw clothes and shoes that you
never wear? his or her birthday?
5 Who takes the rubbish in your family? e Do you need (buy) a birthday present for
anyone soon?
6 Do you usually go your homework to check
for mistakes? d When you were a child, did your parents let you
(stay) up very late on your birthday?
7 When was the last time you sorted your
notes from class? e What do you want your family (get) you for
your next birthday?
b Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions. Have you started (plan) what you're going to
Who is tidier, you or your partner? do on your next birthday?
questions. Ask follow-up questions.
6A p47
a Work on your own. Read about a problem you
have. Think of three ways you can deal with the
6C : p51
problem and decide what will happen if you choose a Work with a student from group B. Write the correct
each of these options. synonym for the words in bold.
Yesterdayyou were in a department store and you

certain
saw your friend's wife, Kathy,put some make-up and 1 How St:tfe are you that your future will be positive?
a skirt in her bag and walk out of the shop without
a Very. b Quite. e Not very.
paying for them. Kathy and her husband are quite
rich, but you know they're having problems with their 2 When was the last time something good happened to
marriage. you accidentally?
a Last week. b Last month. e More than a
month ago.
tell the po/ice -+ Kathy will be arrested
3 What kind of approach to life do you have?
b Work with a student from group A and group C. a Very positive. b Quite positive. e Generally negative.
Take turns to talk about your problem and your options.
4 Do you feel worried about the future?
Discuss what will happen if you choose each option.
a No, not usually. b Yes, sometimes. e Yes, most of
Your partners can also suggest other options.
the time.
If 1 tell the police, 5 How good are you at dealing with problems in your
Kathy will be arrested. daily life?
a Very. b Quite. e Not very.
l!0/ do that, ... I

6 When was the last time you tried to do something that
you've never done before?
a In the last b In the last e More than three
e Decide what to do. Does your group think you've four weeks. three months. years ago.
b Work with a student from group A. Ask and answer
the questions. Say the three possible answers when
you ask your questions.
e Give your partner 3 points for every a answer,
2 points for every b answer and 1 point for every
e answer. What is his/her score?
d Tell your partner his/her score. Then look at p155.
Who is luckier, you or your partner?
11
Pair and Group Work: StudentlGroup B
50 . p45 7C . p59
a Work on your own. You want to buy these things. a Work on your own. Fill in the gaps in these
Decide how you can explain them to a sales assistant. questions with a, an, the or - (= no article).
a When did you last get email with photo
attachment? Who or what was photo of?
b Which do you like more, cats or dogs?
e What's the worst thing about being in hospital?
d Would you prefer to go on holiday to __ Australia
or UK?
e What's most expensive restaurant in
centre of your town or city?
Are you planning to go to football match next
month?
9 Is anyone in your family _ doctor, __ architect
or lawyer?
questions. Ask follow-up questions if possible.
b Work with your partner. You are a sales assistant.

Your partner is a customer. Look at these things in your
98 'p73
shop. Listen to your partner describe the things he/she
wants to buyo When you understand which thing he/she a Work with a student from group B. Choose the
is describing, tell him/her the English word. Don't show correct auxiliaries in the news summary.
your partner the pictures.
Hello, here is (your name) with the news

headlines. Seven paintings 1ha ve/ha ve been
stolen from the British Gallery in London. The
gallery's manager, Brian Lee, 2haslhas been
• asked the public for help in catching the robbers .
a márker pen a highlighter an adápter
And we 3have just/have just been told that
three men "nevetneve been arrested in
connection with the robbery.
The actor Gary Sanders 5has justlhas just been

arrived in the UK for the opening of his new film,
Better Late Than Never. The film 6has alreadyl
alead toothpícks
-, has already been seen by over 20 million
people in the USA, and the actor 7has/has been
said that it's the best film he's ever made.
b Practise reading the news summary to your partner

from group B.
an electric
•
mosquito coils mosquito
repelient e Work in pairs with a student from group A. Take
to·othbrush
turns to read your news summary without stopping.
e You are a customer. Your partner is a sales assistant. Make brief notes on your partner's news summary.
Describe the four things in a you want to buy from his/
her shop. Write the English words for each thing under d Work with your partner from group B. Compare
the pictures. Don't look at your partner's book. notes. What were group A's news stories about?
d Work in pairs. Check your answers. Did you write the

correct words?
7B . p57 3e p27
a Work on your own. Fill in the gaps with the correct a Read the fact file about a voluntourism holiday. You
form of the verbs in brackets. are going to tell the other students in your group about
a If you (not be) in an English class now, where the holiday. Make notes on the main points.
you (be)?
b What you (do) if you _
(find) someone's personal diary?
e If you (have to) go and live on your own for
a month, which books you (take)
with you?
d How your life (change) if you
suddenly (become) famous?
e If you (find) someone's mobile phone in a
café, what you (do)?
questions. Continue the conversation if possible.
PLACE Tanzania, east Africa

100 p85 TYPEoFWoRK work on a wildlife reserve; help
scientists to monitor and protect the
a Work on your own. Read the information about
animals (lions, zebras, giraffes, etc.).
conversations 1 and 2. Decide what you want to say
ACCoMMooATloN stay in shared bedrooms in an old
in each conversation.
ANO rooo farmhouse near the reserve; cook for
yourself
Student A is staying with you for a few days. He/She FREE TIME go on trips to villages to meet local
is going to ask permissionto do these things. Decide people and learn about their way of life;
if you want to give or refuse permission. If you want to go on safari
refuse permission,think of a reasonwhy. OTHER You will also work on our tree planting
• make himself/herselfsomething to eat INFoRMATloN programmes and spend time working in
• phone his/her friend in Kenya our animal hospital.
• borrow your car tomorrow evening
• use your computer to check his/her email
• invite his/her cousin to stay the night on Saturday b Work in your groups. Close your books. Take turns to
• have a shower tell your group about the holiday.
e Choose which holiday you'd like to go on. Give
reasons for your choices.
2 You are staying with student A for a few days. Make
questions to ask permissionto do these things. d Tell the class which holiday you've chosen. Which
holiday is the most popular?
• watch a DVDthis evening
• borrow 1::100 until next week
•
•
•
•
make yourself a cup of tea
stay an extra couple of days
give your sister a call
invite some of your friends to come round for
9A . p71
a Work with a student from group B. Write sentences
-l
dinner tomorrow to describe these words/phrases. Use who, that, which
or where. Check words you don't know in a dictionary.
b Work with your partner. Role-play the
a jar a volunteer a package holiday
conversations. Your partner starts conversation 1.
a detached house a football fan a lott
You start conversation 2.
an internet forum a workaholic
e Tell the class which things your partner refused I
permission for and why. A glass container that you put jam in.
J b Work in groups of four with a pair from group A. Take
turns to say your sentences. Guess the other pair's
words. Which pair guessed the most words correctly? J
8A . p63 90 . p77
a Work in pairs with a student from group B. Write a Work on your own. Read the information for
questions with these words. Put the verbs in the correct conversations 1 and 2. Decide what you want to say in
active or passive formo Use by if necessary. each conversation.
1 In which year / Japan / hit / a tsunami?
You are a patient. You've just moved to a new
a In 2007. b In 2009. e In 2011.
town and you are going to see a doctor for the
2 What is the fastest wind that / ever record / inside a first time. You have a stressful job (you're a police
tornado? officer) and you've been having some health
a 700 km per b 512 km per e 370 km per problems recently. Decide what your symptoms
hour. hour. hour. are and how long you've had them.
3 Which of these natural disasters / kill / more people
every year? 2 You are a doctor. You've already seen your next
a Landslides. b Hurricanes. e Floods. patient twice this month, but you didn't think there
4 What percentage of the earth's surface / cover / forest? was anything wrong with him/her. The last time
a About 3%. b About 9%. e About 15%. you saw him/her you told him/her to take some
paracetamol. Ask the patient what his/her symptoms
5 What is the most snow that / ever fall / in a single storm?
are. Then decide what treatment to give (if any).
a 4.8 metres. b 3.7 metres. e 2.1 metres.
.6 Which of these countries / not affect / a rise in sea levels b Work with your partner. Role-play the conversations.
in the future? Your partner starts conversation 1. You start
a Bangladesh. b Bolivia. e Holland. conversation 2.
b Work in a group of four with a pair from group A. e Tell the class about the treatment your doctor
Ask and answer the questions. Say the three possible suggested. Were you happy with your doctor's advice?
answers when you ask your questions. (The correct Why? /Why not?
answer is in bold).
e Which pair got more answers right?
110 p93
a Work on your own. Read this information. Underline
10C . p83 the main points and plan what you are going to sayo
a Work on your own. Fill in the gaps with the correct
form of these phrasal verbs. Your name is Alex Smith and you work for a travel
company called FlyToursin Southampton, England.
come across get over get out of You are going to call a company called Miami Hotels
fall out point out go up in the USA. You want to speak to Bob Krane, who is
the sales director there. You are flying to Miami on the
a Have you ever tried to going to a 30th of next month and would like to meet Mr Krane
wedding or a party? to discuss a new contract for next year. He can
b Have you and a close friend ever ? call you back on your mobile (0044 7655 443229)
between 9.15 and 4.30 tomorrow.
e What's the best way to your boyfriend
or girlfriend leaving you?
d Have prices a lot in your country b You are Tanya Wilson's PA at Getaway Holidays in
this year? the UK. Tanya is out of the office today. Answer the
e If a friend made a mistake in English, would you phone and take a message for her. Check information
it to him or her? when you need to.
Have you ever something interesting e Look again at the information you underlined in a,
while you were tidying up your house or flat? then phone Bob Krane. If he isn't there, leave a
b Work with your partner. Ask and answer the message with his PA.
questions. Ask follow-up questions if possible. d Work with your partner. Check his/her message.
Is it correct?
Pair and Group Work: Other activities
1A p6
a Read the rest of the article. Compare the top ten list in the article with your list from 2b.
How many reasons are in the same place in both lists?
The top ten reosons for hoppiness

1 YOUR GENES 6 RELlGION
Some people are simply born hoppier Four out of five studies show a positive link
thon others. In a study of 4,000 odult twins, between religion ond hoppiness. Very
differences in their genes were the moin religious people usuolly live longer too.
reosons for their different levels of hoppiness.
7 BEING ATTRACTIVE
2 BEING MARRIED Attroctive people believe they're very hoppy
AII studies show thot married couples are - moybe beca use they olso hove good
hoppier thon single people. Just living genes ond are therefore heolthier. Cosmetic
together without being morried doesn't surgery does not hove the some effect!
hove the some effect.
8 GROWING OlD
3 FRIENDS AND FAMILY Studies show thot old people are hoppy as
People with large fomilies ond lots of close often as young people ond are unhoppy less
friends are usuolly hoppier thon people who often. Thisis probobly beca use they spend
hove a lot of money ond live on their own. more time doing the things they enjoy.
4 NOT WANTING MORE THAN YOU'YE GOT 9 MONEY

People who expect to hove a successful When you're peor, money can buy you some
career, lots of money ond the perfect hoppiness. However, when people hove
relotionship aren't as hoppy as people who enough money to live comfortobly, more
occept whot they've got. money doesn't moke them hoppier.
5 HElPING OTHERS 10 INTELLlGENCE

Studies by psychologists in different countries Surprisingly, this has very little effect on
show thot when you help other people, lt's hoppiness. Being oble to get on well with
not only good for them, it olso mokes you people is much more importont thon how
feel hoppier. intelligent you are.
Adapted from the Oaily Mail
b Work in groups. Discuss these questions.

1 Are the reasons in the article true for people you know? Give examples if possible.
2 Do you disagree with anything in the article? If so, why?
3 Are there any other reasons for happiness that you think should be in the article?
1C : p11
a Work with your partners. You are going b Work with the same partners. Decide on these things.
to start a club for your school, university Make notes on what you have decided.
or local community. Discuss what sort of
• the name of the club • why people should join
club you would like to start. Use one of
• what people are going to do in your club
these ideas or your own.
the club • how you're going to advertise
drama singing and dancing • when, where and how often the club
books animation film art you'lI meet • any other ideas
sports nature TV English e Work in new groups or with the whole class. Take turns to talk
food and drink travel about your club. Use your notes and ideas from b.
video games cycling hiking
d Decide which of the other clubs you want to join. Which club
is the most popular?
Pair and Group Work: Other activities
20 : p21 3e p27
a Work on your own. Imagine you have this problem. a Read the fact file about a voluntourism holiday. You
Then think of one thing you've tried to do to solve the are going to tell the other students in your group about
problem. the holiday. Make notes on the main points.
Your husband/wife goes out with friends a lot in the

evenings.You often haveto work late and he/she is
usuallyout when you get home, so you haveto cook
dinner and eat on your own. You'd like him/her to stay
at home more often in the eveningsso you can spend
some time together.
b Work with a student from group A and group B.

Take turns to explain your problems, show concern and
I've got a bit of a problem. Oh, dear. What's

the matter? PLACE Fiji.south Pacific
TYPEOFWORK teach English to children aged 6-11
with help from local teachers; help with
My husband/wife goes out with friends a lot ...
art classes. sports and school trips
ACCOMMOOATION stay in school buildings; share a room
e Tell the class the best piece of advice you received. ANO FOOO with 3 people; food provided by school
FREE TIME go swimming. diving or snorkelling to the
coral reefs; climb volcanoes with a guide
OTHER Many of the children are from poor
6A p47 INFORMATION families so your work will make a real
a Work on your own. Read about a problem you difference in their lives.
have. Think of three ways you can deal with the
problem and decide what will happen if you choose b Work in your groups. Close your books. Take turns to
each of these options. tell your group about the holiday.
e Choose which holiday you'd like to go on. Give
You work for a big company that has offices all over the
country.You're very good at your job and you like your reasons for your choices.
colleagues,but your new boss, Colin, never gives you d Tell the class which holiday you've chosen. Which
any interestingwork. Your old boss, Maria, is now holiday is the most popular?
Colin's manager.
look for another job -+ might have to move house 4A • p31

b Work with a student from group A and group B. a Work on your own. Think of your best ever musical
Take turns to talk about your problem and your options. experience. Make notes on what happened. Use these
Discuss what will happen if you choose each option. ideas or your own.
Your partners can also suggest other options.
• what the experience was (a concert, a club night, etc.)
If 1 look for another job, 1 • where and when this happened
might have to move house. • where you were living at the time
• what you were doing around that time (work, studies, etc.)
li0/ do that, ... I •
•
who you were with on that day
the main events of the story
• what you did afterwards
e Decide what to do. Does your group think you've
• any other interesting information
b Work in your groups. Take turns to talk about your
experience. Ask questions to find out more information.
Which experience is the most interesting?
ti
10 p13 9C . p75
a Work with your partner. Write questions with a Work on your own. Think of two things that you've
question tags to check information you think you done that are true and two things that are false. Write
know about six other students in the class. one or two words only to help you remember each
thing.
SILVIO -+ You live near the school, don't you?
ISMAY -+ You didn't study here last year, did you? b Work in your groups. Take turns to tell the group
your things from a. You can ask each person one
b Ask the students your questions. Is your question about each thing. What is each person Iying
information about them correct? Ask follow-up about, do you think?
e Tell the class who was the worst liar in the group.
ISilvio, you live near the I How did you know he/she was Iying? Who was the
~h?ol, don't you~ Yes, 1 ~ best liar in the group?
Iwhereabouts exactly? :
S/ 12C : p99
e Telí the class two things you found out about a Work in your groups. Create your own superhero!
other students. Choose your hero's superpowers. Use these ideas or
your own.
has super strength/speed can read minds

48 · p33 has X-rayvision can become invisible can fly
a Work on your own. Think of an interesting journey can travel in time can turn into an animal
you've been on. Make notes on these things. Think is indestructible can breathe underwater
about when you can use the Past Simple, Past
Continuous and Past Perfect. b Make notes on these things.
• when the story happened • your superhero's name and where he/she lives
• the reason for the journey • how he/she got his/her superpowers
• where the journey started • what he/she wears
• what you had done before you set off • what his/her normal life is like
• what happened on the journey • any weaknesses he/she has
• what you were doing during the journey • his/her enemies
• what you did when you arrived e Work with students from different groups. Take turns
• any other interesting things about the story to describe your superhero. Which is the best?
b Work in your groups. Take turns to tell your story.
Ask questions to find out more information. Which
story is the most interesting?
e Tell the class about the most interesting story in
your group .
Extra Practíce 1 Language Summary 1 p127
1A p6 Make these sentences negative 10 p12

by changing the underlined
Choose the correct words. words/phrases. Fill in the gaps with the correct
1 go tol(íjjj:et ~with friends question tags and complete the
1 I think 1'11go out tonight.
short answers.
2 dolgo exercise I don't think 1'11go out tonight.
3 golvisit relatives
A Carla's Spanish, 1 isn't she ?
2 AII of my friends like football.
B Yes, 2 she is
4 go outlhave for a drink 3 Everyone I know has a caro
S haveldo a lie-in 4 I usually work on Saturdays. A You don't eat meat, 3 ?
6 go outlgo to gigs S I love travelling by train. B No,4
7 meet upltidy up the flat 6 I always study at the weekend.
A Rob called you, 5__ ?
8 meetlchat to friends online 7 I bought a laptop last month.
B Yes, 6__
9 havelvisit a quiet night in 8 There's a café in my street.
10 dolgo yoga 9 Kim's been there before. A You're a doctor, 7 ~?
11 go tolgo out art galleries 10 They're watching TV. B NO,8_ ,actually. I'm a
12 havelvisit people round for dinner dentist.
Make questions about the words 1C p10 A Jack likes jazz, 9__ ..~ ?
in bold. B Yes, 10
Write the vowels (a, e, í, o, u) in
I live in London. these adjectives. Do they A Tom's met her, 11 ?
Where do you live? describe positive (P) or negative
B Yes, 12 .
2 I was born in 1996. (N) feelings?
3 Alice worked in London. 1 ª- nn Q y ~ d N A

B
Anita didn't call,
Yes, 14_~.__
13
actually. She left

?
4 Her mum lived in Rome. 2 sh ck d
you a message.
S He's talking about the party. 3 str ss d
6 I've known them tor ayear. 4 e nc rn d A You haven't seen Jo, 15 __ ?
.~~.~.
7 She went out with Dave. S r I x d B No, 16
8 Kevin leaves home at 8.30. 6 d s_ pp nt d

A They've moved house, 17. ?
9 Gabi gets home at 6.00. 7 c 1m
B Yes, 18 .
10 Jim's been to ten countries. 8 se d
9 mb ss d
10 pl __ s_d
18 p8
11 e_ nf _ s_ d
Fill in the gaps with these words.
Prog'ress Portfolio 1
12 gl d ~ ~ """'~~-~-~ ""'~~-~~=--~
~",,-
leve right awful drive 13 ps t
Tick the things you can do
all nerves on in 14 s t sf d in English.
mind stand
Choose the correct prepositions. D I can talk about weekend
1 I really lave eating out. activities.
1 I'm good byl@ ...
2 I'm very interested __ art. 2 I'm frightened withlof ... D I can ask and answer questions
3 I'm not very keen __ sport. about the past, the present and
3 I'm happy bylwith ...
the future.
4 I think tennis is all _
S Call centres me crazy.
4
S
I'm annoyed atlfrom
I'm fed up for/with ...
...
D I can talk about things I like and
don't like.
6 I don't like flying at ~~~
I don't
__
_ getting up early.
.~ . 6 I'm bored withlabout .
D I can describe feelings.
7
8 I really can't __ sitting in
7
8
I'm surprised bylon
I'm nervous aboutlby
.
...
D I can use question tags to check
information.
traffic jams.
9 I think most reality TV
9
10
I'm angry withlfor
I'm upset fromlabout
...
...
.. .
:
programmes are __ . : What do you need to :
11 I'm bad forlat ... : study again? See :
10 Waiting in queues really gets
12 I'm worried of/about ... : Self-study DVD-ROM 1. :
on my
:..................................... ..
Extra Practice 2 Language Summary 2 p129
2A p14 Put the verbs in brackets into 20 p20

the Present Simple or Present
Choose the correct verbs. Fill in the gaps with these words/
Continuous.
phrases.
I 1CiP~~ Ido a lot of time at work A What 1 are you doing ? (do)
because I sometimes have to the matter I'd worth a try
8 I2 (make) a pie.
2takelmeet important deadlines.
I'm sorry could be should
Some people say that I must 3 you (want)
3havelbe a workaholic because I some?
A What's 1 the matter ?
4spendlwork very long hours, but
A I4 (think) street 8 I'm very stressed at work.
I never 5takelhave work home with
food 5 (become) A Oh, 2 to hear that.
me. I think it's very important to
more popular these days. Maybe you 3 talk
6have/spend time to relax and I
8 Oh, I 6__ (never eat) to your boss.
always "be/beve time off work when
I need it. Ves, I can 8belhave under street food. I 7 8 Well, it's 4
pressure at work sometimes, but (prefer) going to restaurants. I guess.

I'm lucky because 19havelmeet A I8 (work) in a café A And 5 start looking
good working conditions and I for a few weeks. for another job.
don't usually have to 10takelwork 8 Ves, you 6 right.
8 9 you (like)
overtime.
working there?
goodidea I've tried
Rewrite these sentences using A I enjoyed it at first, but now
it 10 (get) a bit ought to you tried ashame
the words in brackets. Begin
boring.
each sentence with You .... A What's wrong?
You must tell him. (have to) 8 I've lost my mobile phone.
You have to tell him.
2C p18
A Oh, dear. What 7
2 You should apologise to him. Choose the correct words. Have " calling it?
(ought)
3 You can't go into that room.
1 fall s/eepl Cii'i!!"h 8 Yes, 9
it's switched off.
that, but
2 fa//lhave a nap
(not allowed) A Perhaps you 10
3 get back to s/eeplas/eep
4 People expect you to wear a tie. contact the phone company.
4 be wide wakelawake
(supposed) 8 Ves, that's a 11
5 have trouble s/eepls/eeping 1'11
do that now.
5 You're not allowed to tell your
father. (mustn't) 6 be fast s/eeplas/eep
6 You can leave work early on 7 have/s/eep insomnia

Fridays. (be able to) 8 be a heavy s/eepls/eeper
7 It isn't necessary for you to call Progress Portfolio 2
Write the strong adjectives. ='"""""'.,.=---_~~~ ' __ ,,,-,,,<,,-_ '-"' ••••• .,.-"--
him back. (not have to) Lh ••••..••.•
...,.
8 You can wear jeans in the office. 1 good -+ fantastic Tick the things you can do
(allowed) 2 big -+ en in English.
3 frightened -+ te D I can talk about work.
28 p16 4 angry -+ fu D I can talk about things I am
5 interested -+ fa expected to do and have
Which word is the odd one out? permission to do.
6 beautiful -+ go
Why?
1 avocado Q lettuce
7 tired -+ ex D I can describe things that are
happening now or around now.
2 flour fry grill Choose the correct adverbs. D I can tal k about routines and
3 peach pineapple cucumber Sometimes both are possible. things that are permanent.
4 herbs bakes spices 1 verylabso/ute/y good D I can show concern, give and
5 coconut boil barbecue respond to advice.
2 extreme/ylabso/ute/y big
6 hot dog red pepper lamb 3 fair/ylrea/Iyexpensive
..........................................
·· ..
7 onions beans pie 4 verylabso/ute/yawful : What do you need to :
8 sauce cream noodles : study again? See
5 incredib/ylextreme/y cold
:
6 fair/ylrea/Iy boiling ·· Self-study DVD-ROM 2.
.........................................
:
..
3A p22 Correct the mistakes in these 3D p28

sentences.
Match the phrasal verbs in Ato Read the conversation and
since
words/phrases in B. choose the correct words.
1 We've been married fef 2003.
A Do you 1@lhave any good
A B 2 Marco and Luis has been
places to eat near the hotel?
set off ~ at reception studying English for three years.
pick up the UK B I'd 2recommendlrecommending
3 My son 's been having this bike
get around early The Garden Restaurant. It's really
for six months.
check in your parents nice and quite cheap.
4 She's working for the company
A That 3soundlsounds good. And
check out for a week since July.
what's the 4betterlbest way to
look after at 10 a.m. 5 They've been living in their flat 5golget around the city?
go away problems since ten years.
B Well, 6it/it's probably best
deal with a cat
6 I've been liking this band since 7takelto take taxis. And you really
a holiday I was a child. must 8to galgo to the National
get back
put up with at the airport 7 We've been waiting for the train Art Gallery 9to see/for to see the
see them off from Spain since two hours ago. Picassos.
look forward to a lot of noise 8 I've knew my boss for five years. A That's good 10toknow/knowing.
Have you got any other
Make questions about the words 11recommendsltips?
Choose the correct words.
in bold using How long ... ? or B Well, you 12can/should definitely
A 10id/Have you ever 2go/been to
Howmany ... ? go on a boat trip along the river,
the USA?
1 He's been to tifteen countries. but don't 13botherlworry going
B Yes, I 3went/'ve been there to the City Museum. It isn't really
twice. I 4've visited/visited Miami Haw many countries has he
worth 14see/seeing.
in 2005 and two years ago been ta?
A Yes, I've heard 15it/that before.
I 5went/'ve been to New York. 2 She's been living in Moscow
tor ayear. B And I wouldn't 16buylbuying
A 60id/Have you 7enjoy/enjoyed
souvenirs on the street. They're
New York? 3 They've been chatting online
often very bad quality.
B Yes, I "nedt've had a brilliant since 6 o'clock.
A Thanks, 17that/that's really useful.
time there. 4 He's visited three art galleries
See you next week!
this month.
A Where's Jack?
5 I've had eight English teachers
B He's just 9been/gone out. in my life.
A 1oOid/Has he 11say/said where 6 I've had my laptop tor a month.
he was going?
7 He's worked for six companies. Progress Portfolio 3 I
B No, he 12didn't/hasn't. But his

8 She's been working since 7 a.m.
brother 13phonedlhas phoned a
few minutes ago, so maybe he's
14beenlgone to see him. se p26
in English.
D I can talk about travel.
38 p24
a Are these words
adjectives (A)?
nouns (N) or
D I can talk about past and recent
events.
Fill in the gaps with trave/, get or 1 kind A
2 healthy
9
10
fashionable
traditional
D I can say how long something
goon. has been happening.
1 _g~t back from somewhere
3 fame
4 honest
11 activity
12 popular
D I can say and ask how many
2 a trip things have been completed.
5 sadness 13 confidence
3 ____ a taxi home 14 possible I can describe holidays.
6 patient
4 independently 7 nature 15 modesty I can ask for, make and respond
8 comfort 16 adventurous to recommendations.
5 off a bus
6 ___ acruise b Change the nouns into
7 ____ economy class adjectives and the adjectives What do you need to
into nouns. study again? See
8 a guided tour
kind > kindness
Self-study DVD-ROM 3.
9 _Iight
11
4A p30 48 p32 40 p36
Choose the correct words. Find 10 character adjectives. (~!) . Make sentences with these
I'm a 1(b;g)/large fan of a band words.
(A M B I T I O U S) O
called (;fffThere. They've just 1 at times / optimistic / not /
2boughtlreleased their first single G O R B S J R T P E
He's / very .
and I've already downloaded it G G A S E E G E S T He's not very optimistic at
30n/onto my phone. I've also R E V I N B A W Z E times.
4seen/been them play 5alive/live
E N E Q S T N e I R 2 a lot of TV / Generally speaking,
lots of times. Last week they
S E N S I T I V E M / rather / old people / watch /
6did/made their first ever gig in
tend to .
London. I was a bit nervous when S R V G B O S X S I
they went 7stage/onstage, but the 3 be / a bit / Traffic jams / at times /
I O P E L M E A N N
can / annoying .
audience loved them and they
V U A N E V o L R E
4 some / be / noisy / a bit /
8did/made three encores. Next
month they're 9doing/going on tour - E S T U B B O R N o Perhaps / can / neighbours .
and maybe next year they'lI 1ohave/ 5 very / my / reliable / friends /
release an album in the charts! Fill in the gaps with the Past On the whole, / aren't .
Simple or the Past Perfect of the 6 a bit / too / Generally speaking, /
Put the verbs in the Past Simple verbs in brackets. people / fast / tend to / young /
or Past Continuous. 1 By the time she met (meet) drive / most .
Once, when I 1 was (be) quite Jack, he (be) married 7 aggressive / can / at times /
young, 12 three times. boys / be / teenage / Some /
(walk) by a lake in a park and 2 Kim (not be) tired quite.
I3 (fall) into the because she (already a tend to / boring / most / rather /
water. 14 have) a few hours' sleep. On the whole, / soap operas / be .
(not know) how to swim, and as
3 When I got home I 9 a bit / the news / be / at times /
I5 (wear) a lot of
(realise) that I - (Ieave) Watching / can / depressing .
clothes I 6 (start)
my keys at the office. 10 quite / tends to / grandfather /
going under the water. Luckily
two men 7 __ (run) 4 She (buy) me a book be / My / stubborn .
but I (already read) it.
around the park and they
8 (see) me. 5 By the time we (get)
One of them 9_ home, Ben (go) to
(jurnp) into the water and bed.
10 (pull) me out. Progress Portfolio 4
I 11 (start) taking
4C p34
_~,.,....
_w~_...-..'""-_""'
_."""_= ~ ~ ti< ~ ~
swimming lessons the next day!

Fill in the gaps with these words. in English.
Change the underlined verbs to
used to + infinitive if possible. peckish wander carriage D I can talk about music.
Tim hated going to school.
appear
well-known
check out
highlight
D I can tell stories about things
that happened in the past.
Tim used to hate going to
school. 1 I'm a bit . I think 1'11
D I can describe people's
character.
2 He started school in 1998. have a sandwich.
3 He went to school by bus. 2 That actor is very
D I can guess the meaning of
some words from the context.
4 He 9.Q1 into trouble a lot.
5 He did a lot of sports.
3 I often around the
park in my lunch break.
D I can understand a radio
interview.
6
7
He changed schools in 2006.
He played video games a lot.
4 The of our trip was a
visit to the Taj Mahal. D I can soften the way I express
my opinions.
··. ..
a He left school when he was 16. 5 You really must that
9 He 9.Q1 a job in a café.

6
new exhibition.
We to be lost. : What do you need to :
.
10 He enjoyed working there. : study again? See •
7 There weren't many people in
11 He worked 50 hours a week. : Self-study DVD-ROM 4. :
12 He became the manager in 2010.
our
··......................................... ..
5A p38 Cross out the verb form that is Read these conversations in a
not possible. Sometimes both department store. Fill in the gaps
Complete the words.
verb forms are possible. with these words.
1 I live in the city ce !l t re.
A What \~~IIj'ou do/are you doing
AeeEI forgotten what
2 My aunt lives in a nice little at the weekend?
e tt 9 in the co t y. stuff looking type
S 2/'m going to visitl/'m visiting my
remember made use (x2)
3 The car's in the 9 _ re. brother in London. It's his 21st
mean (x2) called (x2)
4 We live on the top fl of an birthday and 3he'lI have/he's
ap tm t b k. having a big party by the river.
SA Do you 1 need any help?
5 Their house has a b le y A That sounds nice. How many e Yes, please. 1 can't what
2_
and a big 1 f people 4will be/are being there?
rhey're 3 but you
__ ,
6 We want to buy a de ch S About a hundred. And my sister 4 thern when it's noisy.
house in the s _ b b 5is going to fly/is flying in from
SA Do you 5 ear plugs?
7 Ilive in a te ac housein Italy for the party.
e Yes, that's right. Thanks.
a lively ne bo h d. A Well, I'm sure 6you're having/
you'lI have a great time. SA Can 1 help you?
Correct the mistakes in these S Ves, 1 hope so. Oh dear, we'd e Yes, please. 1 need some 6__
sentences. better go. 1 think 7it's raining/ for cleaning furniture. It's a
taller lt's going to rain soon. 7 of liquido I'm sorry, I've
1 He's more tall than 1 thought. A OK, 8/'1Igetl/'m getting my 8 what it's called.
2 Your flat is bigger as mine. umbrella. SA Is this what you're 9 for?
3 This flat isn't as nicer as ours. Furniture polish?
4 Your boyfriend's new car is the 5e p42 e Yes, that's it. Furniture polish.
same than John's.
Fill in the gaps with the correct SA Do you need anything else?
5 This hotel is similar as the one we
stayed in last year.
form of the verbs in brackets. e Yes, but 1 don't know 10 _
1 needed 1 to find (find) they're 11 in English. You

6 It's certainly different for all the
somewhere to live, so 1 asked the 12 them to clean your teeth
other hotels.
estate agent 2 (Iook) for after a meal.
7 She's as older as 1 amo
two-bedroom flats. He kept SA Do you mean a toothbrush?
a He's least patient than me. (show) me ones that
3
e No, they're 13 of wood.
9 1 have bit more free time than 1 seem 4__ (be) far too
SA Oh, you 14 toothpicks.
used to. expensive, but my parents said they
10 This room 's a bit noisyer than the would 5 (Iend) me some
other one. money. 1 don't mind 6 _
(borrow) from them, so 1 decided
11 Paul's definitely the worse driver
7 (rent) a nice little flat near
I've ever seen.
the park. 1 really enjoy 8
(Iive) here - and 1 must remember
in English.
58 p40 9 (pay) my parents back
one day! D can describe homes.
1
Choose
1
the correct
Please@/sort
verbs.
away your toys.
D can compare two or more
1
people and things.
50 p44
2 He took/tidied out the rubbish.
Write the letters in these
D can talk about future
1
3 You really need to go/throw away arrangements and plans.

some of this junk. materials.
D can make predictions about
1
4 Shall 1 sortlgive this jacket away 1 t i n 7 m t the future.
5
or throw/tidy it out?
need to e/earlgo through all my
2 P P a r b D can describe things need
1 1
1
3 g-- ss 9 e _r_ b d and say what they are used foro
.......................................... .
---
English notes.
6 1 have to sortltake out my study.
4
5
w
st
1
1
10
11
C
pl
t
t
n
e
·:· What do you need to .:
7 When Liz eomes/takes back, tell
le : study again? See :
her to sortltidy up her room. 6 w d 12 -- h - r
: Self-study DVD-ROM 5. •
a Please putle/ear out the garage. ··..................................... ...
6A p46 Make sentences with these words. 60 p52
Fill in the gaps with the correct 1 an umbrella / rains / in case / Read the conversation between
form of make or do. Take / it . lan, Rebecca, Lisa and Duncan.
Take an umbrella in case it rains. Choose the correct words.
1 I'm good at making decisions.
2 gets / him / when / He / angry /
2 1think you've a mistake. We need to discuss how
with / agree / don't / people /
3 have to some work. to spend the money we
1 extremely.
ldid/€?]; frorn the festival.
4 I've never a cake. 3 You / it / like / to / don't / take /
L May 1 2do/make a suggestion?
5 1 hate the housework. back / if / can / you / the shop / it .
1 Yes, of course.
6 We've our homework. 4 in case / something up / always /
L How about 3use/using the
7 You must up your mind. want / a dictionary /1/ have /1/
in / to look / my bag . money to repair the village hall?
8 1don't mind exams. D Yes, that sounds "astlii:« a
5 ought to / lost / You / get / take /
9 1have to some washing. good idea.
in case / a map / you .
10 I'd like a law degree. R Sorry, 1 don't think we should
6 every / have / you / If / you / kids, /
11 Please don't a noise. them / read / should / night / to . 5do/doing that. For 6a/one
12 1 need __ an appointment. thing, a lot of people don't use
7 you / When / instead / to sleep, /
a book / can't / read / get . the village hall.
Look at these sentences about What about "spendtspending
8 healthy, / fast food / want / If /
the future. Put the verbs in the money on some new trees?
don't / you / eat / to stay .
brackets in the correct formo D Yes, that's not a 8good/bad
9 1 / you / to call / your / in case /
If 1 see (see) him, 1 '11give phone number / me / need / Give . idea.
(give) him the message. L 9Can/Do 1just say losomethingl
2 When Joe (get) home, Do sentences a and b have anything here?
1 _ (tell) him you called. different meanings? If so, how 1 Of course, Lisa.
3 1 (phone) Eva before 1 are they different? L Have you thought llforlof
(go) to work. 1 a If I'm too tired, 1 go home. asking people in the village
4 We (not gol out if you b If I'm too tired, 1'11 go home. what they think? We 12must/
(not come) with uso could ask them to post their
2 a 1'11 take the car if it rains.
5 1 (not gol to the gig ideas on the website.
b 1'11 take the car in case it rains.
unless you (come) too. R 13What/That a great idea!
3 a When she's late, she calls USo
6 As soon as 1 (finish)this 1 Well, 14itlit's worth 15tryla try.
email, 1 (help) you. b If she's late, she calls USo
7 We (wait) here until you 4 a If he can't do it, 1 might help.
(get) back. b If he can't do it, 1'11 help.
8 Ifwe (need) any help, 5 a 1'11 carry it if it's not too big. Progress Portfolio 6
(give)you a call.
-~.._'-- .. ~. ---
~---~_ .. ...,,,,,--,-,,,-,-_.-",-, _
we b 1'11 carry it unless it's too big.
in English.
68 p48 6C p50
Complete these sentences with
D can talk about things that are
1
Write the synonyms. possible in the future.

a reflexive pronoun. 1 notice sp o t D can talk about things that are
1
1 Ouch! I've just cut myself ! 2 accidentally b e always true.
2 My parents usually go on holiday 3 frightened s D can use some synonyms.
1
by 4 sure c D can ask to speak and make
1
3 Our daughter wrote it 5 deal with e w suggestions in a discussion.
4 Did you make the pie ? 6 lucky D 1can agree and disagree with
5 He likes travelling by satisfied e people and give my opinion.
6 Dave and 1always cook for
7
..........................................
··: What do you need to .
:.
8 choose p
when we go camping.
9 nice p
7 Did you and Gary go walking in : study again? See •
10 behave a
the mountains by ? : Self-study DVD-ROM 6. •
··..................................... ...
7A p54 7B p56 Fill in the gaps with a, an, the

or - (= no article).
Fill in the gaps with the correct Complete the words in this
conversation. 1 I met film director and
form of these verbs.
actor last week.
A Oh no! Someone 1cople_cJ me actor lives in Spain and
make do
j:}t:Jt encourage
in on an email and when I director lives in
have achieve dream opened the my laptop USA.
go take mess up 3cr !
2 Do you prefer __ burgers or
B I think you've got a 4vi hot dogs?
They ~ a lot of effort into
Did you 5ba up all your
everything they do. 3 Marco's going to
important 6do ?
2 If you work very hard, you will university in UK.
A Yes, I always copy them onto
your goals. 4 Lee's doctor and he
this 7me__ st_
3 My dad has always _ works in __ hospital where
B Well, that's good. I'd restart the my son was born. lt's __
me to become a writer.
computer and then 8de biggest hospital in city.
4 I'd like the the email.
opportunity to travel more.
A Thanks. I really hope my
5 You should the most 9ha__ -dr__ is OK 7D p60
of every opportunity you get. because I always 10st__ all
Rewrite these direct questions as
6 I think I my English my photos on it.
indirect questions. Use you and
exam yesterday. B Oh, it's probably fine. But I'd the words in brackets.
7 I used to of becoming 11in some new anti-virus
a famous footballer. 12S0 immediately. Where is he? (know)
Do you know where he is?
8 Whatever Ido, it always seems
____ wrong. Write second conditionals with 2 When does it start? (could, tell)
9 Sorry you didn't win, but you these words. 3 Where did Pete go? (any idea)
your best. I / help / you if I / have / time. 4 Does this bus go to Ely? (know)
10 Have you ever part in I'd help you if I had time. 5 Should we leave now? (think)
a competition? 2 What / you do if you / lose / your 6 Is this Ali's number? (can, tell)
mobile? 7 What's it called? (any idea)
Rewrite these sentences using 3 If I / live / in the USA, l/be able 8 Has she lost her job? (think)
the words in brackets. to speak English fluently.
Matt can sail. (know how) 4 He / come out tonight if he / not /
Matt knows how to sail. have to work.
2 Karen can't cook Japanese 5 If you / can / go anywhere in the Progress Portfolio 7
food. (have no idea) world, where / you go ? "" ~~= "" -'" -"""""'~ ~~ ~---- " "'" ~"'" ~ ~'""'~ ~
3 We couldn't understand what 6 If I / know / the answer, I / not / Tick the things you can do
he was saving. (not be able to) need to ask.
in English.
4 Henrietta can't read maps.
(be no good at) I can describe my goals and
7C p58 achievements.
5 We got to the meeting on time.
(manage) Choose the correct words. D I can talk about people's ability
in the present or past.
6 Christopher can play football I follow her in/@ Twitter.
very well. (be really good at)
1
To get to the homepage, click on
D I can talk about computers.
7 Mark can't play video games.
2
this link/status. D I can talk about imaginary
(be useless at) situations in the present or
3 I've just uploaded a new profile/
8 My mum couldn't speak Italian.
the future.
forum for my Facebook page.
(not have a clue how) 4 When did you last upload/
D I can ask indirect questions.
9 My parents can pick us up from update your status? ..•............................•.•........
o o
the airport. (be able to) 5 Lots of people downloaded/

o
: What do you need to

o
:
10 My brother can't keep a secret. posted comments on your blog. : study again? See :
(find it impossible) 6 When did he last tweetlTwitter? : Self-study DVD-ROM 7.
o o
o o
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• e-e •••
11
8A p62 Cross out the incorrect word/ 80 p68

phrase. Sometimes both words/
Find 10 words for bad weather phrases are correct. Read this conversation. Fill in the
and natural disasters (-+!). gaps with these phrases.
1 I haven't got any/oo money.
T E (8 L I Z Z A R o) 2 There weren't muchlmany Gould you What else
L A N O S L I O E I people at the meeting. it's worth watch out
T R O S T O R M Z L 3 My aunt knows loads oflseveral good idea make sure
famous people. hadn't thought just in case
S T E O O E T H U K
4 There aren't enoughlmuch cups. sounds like realiy helpful
U H U R R I C A N E If I were you don't forget
5 There's a fewla little jam left.
N QW O N V L E N F
6 I need a bit of/a little time to A We're planning to drive across
A U E U A E N G O L think about it. Australia. 1 Could you give us
M A J G O S E A K O 7 There are plenty ofla bit of some advice?
I K F H O G P L E O biscuits in the cupboard. B Well, 2 __ your car is
H E A T W A V E N O 8 Please be quiet! You're making in good condition. And of course
too muchltoo many noise! 3 to take a map.
Fill in the gaps with the correct 9 We've got lots of/plenty oftime. A OK. 4 do you think
active or passive form of the 10 He's got loads of/hardlyany we should take with us?
verbs in brackets. Facebook friends. B 5 , I'd take lots of
1 Wind can be used (use) to water, sun cream and a hat.

make clean energy.
2 About 300 biliion emails
8e p66
A
B
That 6__
And 7
good advice.
taking
____ (send) every day. Make the opposites of these a spare can of petrol,
3 People in the UK adjectives by adding a prefix. 8
(send) 30 billion texts every day. 1 un usual 11 reliable A Yes, that's a 9

4 My car (repair) at the 2 honest 12 patient I 10 of that.
moment. correct B Also, 11 for
3 13 organised
5 Tom (drive) his kangaroos on the road, particularly
4 selfish 14 responsible
parents to the airport now. in the evening.
5 polite 15 considerate
6 I think in the future most jobs A Right, thanks a lot. That's
6 _Ioyal 16 _similar 12
(do) by machines.
7 _regular 17 conscious B No problem. Have a good trip!
7 Hurricane Katrina
(destroy) New Orleans in 2005. 8 formal 18 possible
8 The causes of global warming 9 helpful
19 sensitive
(know) for years. 10 - mature 20 believable
Progress Portfolio 8
9 Several houses (hit) ±""",,~ -~- - • -
by lightning last night. Fill in the gaps with under-, re-,
over-, -fui or -Iess. Tick the things you can do
10 Climate change should
I reuse most of my jam jars. in English.
__ (teach) in schools. 1
2 t:1,000 for that old car? You're O I can talk about bad weather
being rather -optimistic. and natural disasters.
88 p64
3 Don't worry about the dogoHe's O I can use passive verb forms.
Write the containers. completely harm O I can talk about quantity.
1 a b ª- Q of sweets 4 I slept and missed my train. O I can understand a short news
2 a e of cola 5 It's dangerous to estimate reporto
3 a p of crisps the dangers of climate change. O I can give, ask for and respond
4 a j of marmalade 6 Ow! My knee is realiy pain_ . to warnings and advice.
7 I need to charge my phone. ..........................................
· .
5 a t
6 a b
of cat food
of ketchup 8 The bili is only [10! I think the ·: What do you need to .
:
waiter has charged uso : study again? See :
7 a b of chocolates
9 She's a very success _ author. : Self-study DVD-ROM 8. •
8 a c _ _ of orange juice
10 Throw it away. It's use ··
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• e-e •••
..
9A p70 Tick the verb forms in blue that 90 p76

are correct. Change the ones
Write the letters in these words that are incorrect. a Choose the correct words.
connected to health. DOCTOR
The govemment 'have been
1 award published a survey which shows a Hello, Mrs Smith. Now, what
2 a s rg n that drivers don't slow down in 1seem/ ~~m]>to be the
3 an op rat 9 th e bad weather. Over 2,000 people problem?
4 a .sp c I t 2have already been injured in b No, but come back if you're not
accidents this year. feeling 2good/better in two days.
5 a s rg y
The one-day strike by tube drivers e And how long have you been
6 a p sc pt n
3has called off. The transport union 3feltlfeeling like this?
7 an i n 4has been accepted a new pay d Right, let me 4having/have a look
8 ast m offer, which the government at you. Yes, your temperature is
9 an a er y 5has increased by 2%. rather high. I think you've got flu.
10 am _ gr n A new report 6has just published e Have you got any other
which shows that the government 5treatments/symptoms?
a Fill in the gaps with who, that, 7has spent an extra [5 billion No, but here's a 6prescription/
which, whose, where or when. on schools this year. This news recipe for some painkillers.
8has welcomed by teachers' unions
1 Coffee and chocolate are things
and parents' groups. MRSSMITH
that you should try to avoid.
9 For about two or three days.
2 A person body is full
h Yes, I thought so. Do I need
of toxins isn't very healthy. 9C p74
some 7virus/antibiotics?
3 People usually feel awful
Write the words for body I've got a temperature and I can't
they first start fasting.
movements and responses. 8stop/keep sneezing.
4 A gym is a place __ you
1 ycr c0:_ Yes, I've got a runny nose and I
can do exercise.
2 gluha I keep 9getlgetting headaches.
5 Guarana is a type of plant
3 limes s k Thanks. Do I need 10to make/
gives you energy.
4 ahsctrc S ~ make another appointment?
6 A personal trainer is someone
helps you get fit. 5 wornf b Put the conversation in 7a in
7 Meditation and yoga are things 6 wates s the correct order.
____ people do to relax. 7 veaw w a, i, e, oo'
8 Kim is the doctor 8 tcrhets s__

I told you about on the phone.
9 wany y
b In which sentences in 2a can 10 husbl b
we leave out who, that or which? 11 alcwr c _
12 vesrhi s
98 p72
Choose the correct words. in English.
Choose the correct verbs.
In spite of/Although I wasn't very D I can say which person, thing,
1 @/have on strike hungry, I had a pizza. place and time I'm talking about.
2 take/meet a target 2 Despite/Although feeling tired, D I can talk about things that have
3 protestlpublish a report I went to my sister's party. happened in the news.
4 take/go part in a demonstration 3 She was very angry. However,/ D I can use connecting words to
5 rejectlprotest against something Despite, she didn't show it. join sentences and clauses.
6 discover/cal! off something new 4 I was late for work, however/ D I can talk about health and
even though I left home early. medical problems with a doctor.
7 pay off/cal! off a strike
.•..........•....••.......................
·:· What do you need to
He went out for a run although/
8 take/meet somebody to hospital
5
in spite ofthe rain.
..:
9 protestlaccept an offer
6 I went to my cousin's wedding : study again? See :
10 pay off/reject a debt although/however I didn't feel : Self-study DVD-ROM 9.
very well. ··
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• e-e •••
..
10A p78 Choose the correct verbs. 100 p84

Choose the correct verbs. A Where's Jo? She isn't in her a Choose the correct phrases.
office. I suppose she 1maylcan't Sometimes both are possible.
LEAH Guess what? Jim's back in be out with a client.
the UK! He 19ot/kept in touch 1 Do you think 1 couldlMay 1
B Well, it's one o'clock, so she
with me yesterday. borrow your scooter?
might 2havelbe having lunch.
FAY Really? 1 haven't 2called/heard 2 May /lWould you mind it 1 stayed
A Yes, maybe. Or she 3couldlmust
frorn him for years. at your place tonight?
be in a meeting.
L He's trying to +getlkeep hold of 3 Do you mind it /lIs it OK use
people from school. Have you A You work in a prison, don't you? yourphone?
"gotth.ept in touch with anyone? It 4mustlmay be hard work. 4 Is it OK ir IICan 1 use the
F No, I've Skeptllost touch with B Yes, it is. But I 5can'tlmight look photocopier?
most of them, but 1 6'm/get stil! for another job soon. I may 5 Can /lWould you mind ir 1 make
in touch with Bev. I'll "leauet 6trylbe trying to join the police. myself some tea?
give her a cal! and 8make/let her 6 Do you mind ir IIWould you mind
A Is that Paula going for a run?
know that Jim's back in town. ir Ileft early today?
B It 7mightlcan't be her, surely!
She hates doing exercise. b Match questions 1-6 to
Rewrite these sentences using answers a-f.
the verb form in brackets. A She must 8trylbe trying to get
fit before the summer holidays. a No, not at all. Go ahead. 3
I'd agreed to babysit for Jo, but
b Yes, of course. lt's parked
I had to work. (be supposed to)
outside. Here are the keys.
1 was supposed to babysit tor 10C p82
e Sorry, I'm afraid it's broken.
Jo, but 1 had to work.
a Fill in the gaps with the correct d No, not at all. What time do you
2 I had planned to go to the gym
form of these phrasal verbs. want to leave?
after work, but I was too tired.
(be going to) ~ get over put off e Yes, of course you can. Help
yourself.
3 Liam expected me to help him come up with point out
buy a new laptop, but I was ill. get out of split up with Actually, my parents are staying
(be supposed to) with us at the moment.
look up fall out come across
4 I'd agreed to take Dave and
Tina to the airport, but I forgot! 1 The price of petrol is going"!:!p .
(be supposed to) 2 My sister and I had an argument
5 We had planned to drive to the and Progress Portfolio 10
wedding, but we went by train 3 Can you this ~.._. -~-"'=~~-~_ ... ~-= -~" -~-~
instead. (be going to) word for me? Tick the things you can do
4 The mechanic in English.
108 p80
5
the problem to
I'm sure we'lI
USo
D I can talk about contacting
people.
Complete the words in these
descriptions of people. 6
a solution sooner or later.
I this photo
D I explain why I didn't do things
I had planned to do or had
1 She's got w a v y hair and she's when I was clearing out the loft. agreed to do.
wearing a fI w y dress.
2 He's wearing a I 9 t blue
7 It took Samantha a long time to
her divorce.
D I can describe people's
clothes and physical
jacket and a s r p d tie. 8 Sam's his appearance.
3 She's got a p
she's wearing a pl
yt I and
n shirt.
girlfriend. D I can make deductions about
9 I the meeting the present.
4 He's got sh I er-Ie 9
hair and he's going b d.
h by pretending to be ill. D I can ask for, give and refuse
10 We had to the permission.
5 She's wearing 9 ss and wedding because my dad was ill. ..........................................
· .
lots of j w 11 y.
b Rewrite sentences 3-10 in 5a ·: What do you need to .:
6 He's got short c I hair - using a pronoun instead of the
and it's d d pink! ~ ~udyag~n?See ~
words in blue. ~ Self-study DVD-ROM 10.
3 Can you look it up tor me?
··.......................................... ~..
11A p86 Joe is going for a job interview 110 p92

tomorrow. Put his mother's
Choose the correct verbs. Joe is checking information on
comments into reported speech.
1 @/do in charge of a company the phone. Fill in the gaps.
"Wear a suit." (tell)
2 go/work unsocial hours JOE Sorry, 1 what did you say your
She told him to wear a sud.
3 do/go for an audition name 2 again?
2 "Don't wear trainers." (tell)
MATT It's Matt Parker.
4 deaJwith/work customers 3 "Be polite to everyone." (tell)
J Is 3 Barker 4 .a B?
5 worklrun a department 4 "Don't be late." (tell) M No, with a P. And our address 1S
6 arrange/sort out a problem 5 "Can you give me a call after the 22 Stanton Road, Glasgow,
7 g%rganise conferences interview?" (ask)
GL226FR.
8 work/arrange meetings 6 "Would you like to come for J Sorry, 1 didn't 5 a11of
9 do/go overtime dinner tomorrow evening?" (as k) that. Could you 6 it again,
10 havelrun a lot of responsibility please?
Joe is having dinner at his
11 run/work shifts M 22 Stanton Road, Glasgow, GL22
parents' house after the interview.
12 have/be responsible for the 6FR. We're arriving at Gatwick on
Put their questions into reported
finances Friday.
speech.
J Do you 7 this Friday?
Put these sentences into 1 "How did it go?" (mum/ask)
M No, next Friday, the 2yd. The
reported speech. Use the His mum asked (him) haw lt
flight number is BA402 and we
phrases in brackets. went.
get in at 17.45.
1 "1 live in LA" (He said) 2 "Have you heard from them yet?"
J 8 _ , 1 didn't quite 9
He said (that) he lived in L.A. (dad/want to know)
that. Can you 10 it to me
3 "When are they going to contact
2 "1can't swim." (She told me) 11 , please?
you?" (mum/ask)
3 "We're going on holiday on M We're on flight BA402 and we
4 "What does the company do?"
Sunday." (They said) arrive at 17.45.
(dad/want to know)
4 "1got your email." (He said) J And 12 you 13 me
5 "Do you want to work for them?"
5 "My brother is going to buy a your co11eague's name?
(mum/ask)
new car." (He told me) M It's Erica Minton.
6 ''1'11
text you." (She said) J Is that 14 M-i-n-t-e-n?
7 "1must go." (She told me) 11C p90 M No, it's M-i-n-t-o-n.
8 ''I've been to Brazil." (He said) J OK, 1'11give him the message.
Use the verbs in the box to report
Thanks for calling. Goodbye.
9 "We need to borrow some these sentences.
money." (They told him)
agree invite suggest admit
10 "They didn't call." (She said)
threaten offer promise
remind refuse warn Progress PorUolio 11
118 p88 * ~ _~ _~~~ _~ __ ~ ~_~~ ~ k
"OK, let's buy a new car." (Ian)

Complete these adjectives that Tick the things you can do
Janagreed ro buy a new car.
describe jobs. What's the hidden in English.
2 "Why don't we go to the cinema?"
adjective? (Fiona) D 1can talk about things people
do at work.
! 3 "1won't apologise." (Gabi)
1can report what people say
rW 1
L A O 4 "1'11pay for dinner." (Kevin)
and questions they ask.
'8 8 F LJ
5
6
''1'11
pay you back soon." (Zak)
"1stole the money." (Mark)
D 1can describe jobs.
1
3
T I M O Y D 1can understand a TV drama.
"If you don't give it back, 1'11tell
4
G L R SJ
7
the poi ice." (Chris ....•Mark) D 1can check information.
.......................................... :.
5
R W O GJ
8 "Would you like to go for a drink?"
f6D M O G (Tom ....•Ruth) : What do you need to ~
1 cI 7
8
L N GJ 9 "Don't trust him." (Liz ....•Ann) : study again? See ' :
L Y
i pI 9
T
L
M
10 "Don't forget to pay the gas bill."
(Patricia ....•Dave)
.:
: Self-study DVD-ROM 11.
-
..
:
11
12A p94 128 p96 12C p98

Fill in the gaps with these words/ Choose the correct words. Fill in a Write nouns for these verbs.
phrases. the gaps with the correct form of 1 attract attraction
get and these words/phrases.
e# rubbish broke fancy 2 enjoy
hang around could do up to a present rid of fed up with 3 create
really into reckon feel in touch with back from 4 predict
can't be bothered sick of to eat message around 5 reserve
better at lost 6 depend
1 I'm off now. Bye!
7 protect
2 I've been working really hard.
1 Have you got your mother
a present for her birthday? 8 entertain
I with a day off.
2 They because 9 prefer
3 Teenagers often
together after school. they didn't take a map. b Write the adjectives for the
4 Sorry, I don't up to 3 When are you main verbs in 5a.
going out. I'm exhausted. your holiday? attract -+ attractive
5 I'd love to go clubbing, but I'm 4 We don't need this old table.
completely Shall we it? a Write two adjectives for each
5 I'm hungry. Why don't we of these verbs.
6 I don't mind where we go on
holiday, it's you. something ? 1 relax relaxed relexinq,
7 I think most TV programmes are 6 I'd living at 2 disappoint
! home so I moved out.
3 harm
8 My son 's diving at 7 I'm trying to
4 pollute
the moment. He loves it. an old friend from school.
5 confuse
9 I really going out for 8 What's the best way to
Istanbul? 6 care
a meal this evening.
9 He's playing 7 employ
10 I he's going to
the piano. He practises for two 8 embarrass
pro pose to her soon.
hours every day.
11 I'm tidying up after b Write the nouns for the verbs
the children. 10 Sorry I didn't call you back. in 6a.
I never your
12 I to go out tonight. relax -+ relaxation
I'm too tired.
Look at these third conditionals.
Put the verbs in brackets in the
Make wishes about these
correct formo
situations.
I can't find my keys.
1 If he ~ asked (ask) me, Progress Portfolio 12
I 'd have gane (go) with him.
I wish I could find my keys.
2 If you (not tell) me,
2 I don't have a job. Tick the things you can do
I (not know) about it.
in English.
3 I have to get up at 5.30
tomorrow morning.
3 She (not be) late for
the meeting if she
D I can use some informal words
4 I'm working in a fast food and phrases.
(Ieave) home earlier.
restaurant and I hate it!
4 Brian (become) a D I can make wishes about the
5 I can't afford a new phone. professional footballer if he present and the future.
6 I get nervous when I meet (not break) his leg. D I can tal k about imaginary
new people. 5 If Sue (know) about situations in the past.
7 I have to work all weekend. the party, she (go). D I can understand an interview
8 I'm standing in the rain waiting 6 I (finish) my essay about someone's career.
. .
9
for a bus.
I live next to a railway line and it's
by now if my laptop
(not crash).
· .
: What do you need to :
very noisy. 7 If Chris (not gol on : study again? See •
10 I'm not going away on holiday holiday to Ibiza, he : Self-study DVD-ROM 12.
this year. (not meet) his wife. ·......................................... .
11
Language Summary 1 DVD-ROM 1
~----------------------------------------------------------------------
••• Weekend activities 1A p6 ID- Adjectives (1): feelings 1C p10
visit relatives meet up with friends reláxed /n'lcekst! happy because you aren't worried about
have a ITe-in tidy up the house/the flat anything: Adela felt very relaxed after her holiday in Spain.
go to cóncerts/gigs/festivals go to muséurns/árt galleries nervous !'m:vas/ worried because of something that is going
chat to friends onlTne do exercise to happen: I always get nervous before I speak in public.
• •
have a quiet night in have people round for dinner pleased happy or satisfied: /'m pleased you like the presento
•
do yoga
• •
go out for a drink/meal ernbárrassed /rrn'beerast/ feel stupid because of something
you did or something that happened: I felt so embarrassed
TIP • In the Language Summaries we only show the main
when our son said he didn't like the food.
stress (.) in words and phrases.
angry having a strong negative feeling about someone and
wanting to shout at them or hurt them: I was really angry at him
have a Ile-in when you stay in bed for crashing the car.
longer than usual in the morning: arméyed a bit angry: I get annoyed when I have to wait in queues.
I often have a lie-in on Sundays.
fed üp annoyed or bored because you have done something
for too long: /'m fed up with working so hard.
.
have people round tor dinner invite
disappclnted unhappy because something is not as good as
you wanted it to be, or because something hasn't happened:
people to your house to have dinner: They were disappointed that only ten people came to their party.
We're having Tom's parents round for stressed worried and not able to relax: He's very stressed
dinner on Saturday. about his new job.
calm relaxed and peaceful: I always feel very calm after yoga.
tidy up the ho·uselflat put things upsét unhappy or worried because something bad has
back in the places where you usually happened: She was very upset when she lost her job.
keep them: I usually tidy up the flat scared frightened: /'m really scared of spiders.
before I go to work. sátlsfled pleased because something has happened in the way
. that you want: She was very satisfied with her students' work.
confúsed when you can't think clearly or understand
something: Matt was confused and didn't know what to do.
TIPS • A relative is a person in your family (an aunt, a grandparent,
shocked very surprised and upset: I was shocked by the news
a cousin, etc.). Your parents are your mother and father only.
of his death.
• A gig is an informal word for a concert: I went to an amazing glad happy and pleased: /'m glad you enjoyed the meal.
gig last night. con cerned worried: /'m very con cerned about the environment.
• We also use chat or have a chat to mean 'talk to someone in a depressed unhappy and not able to enjoy anything: He
friendly and informal way': He's chatting with some friends. I had became very depressed when he lost his job.
a chat with our new neighbour. TIPS • We use -ed adjectives to describe how people feel:
I was very disappointed when I got my exam results.
ID> Likes and dislikes 1B p8 • We use -ing adjectives to describe the thing, situation,
phrases to say you love or like phrases to say you place or person that causes the feeling: My exam results were
something don't like something disappointing.
I (really) love ... I (really) hate ...

••• Prepositions with adjectives 1e . p11
I'm (really/very/quite) interested in ... I don't like ... at all.
I (reafly) enjoy ... I can't stand ... • We often use prepositions with adjectives. The most common
I'm (really/very/quite) keen on ... ... (really) get(s) on my prepositions for these adjectives are in bold. Other prepositions
I think ... is/are greatlbrilliantl nerves. that we can also use with these adjectives are in brackets ( ).
wonderful. I can't bear /bea/ ...
I'm not (very) keen on ... good at .§cared of (by)
phrases to say something is OK happy with (about) bored with (by of)
... drive(s) me crazy.
I think ... is/are all right. I think ... is/are awful/ interested in lrightened of (?y)
I don't mind ... terrible/dreadful. nervous about (of) ann9ye at (wlth, by)
keen on bae at
TIPS • I can't stand and I can't bear mean '1hate'.
worried about satisfie ith bA
• Great, brilliant and wonderful all mean 'very good'. Awful, surprised by (at) mnbarrasse ' by about)
terrible and dreadful all mean 'very bad'. upset about (by) concer ed(about (by)
fed up with (of) angr about (at) something
• We can use pronouns, nouns or verb+ing with the phrases
pleased with (by, about) angryeith at) someone
for likes and dislikes: I really lave it. I can't stand football.
Waiting in queues really drives me crazy. TIP • After prepositions we use a noun, a pronoun or verb+ing.
11
~---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
••• Question forms 1A p7 ID- Positive and negative verb
AUXILlARIES forms, words and phrases 1B p9
• We usually use an auxiliary (does, are, did, has, etc.) to make questions. positive negative
question PRESENT SIMPLE I know I you don't want

auxiliary subject verb I
I word PRESENT you're
I'm not feeling
PRESENT SIMPLE
-----4 How often does Fiona
---<--
teach yoga classes? CONTINUOUS waiting 1---
PRESENT PAST SIMPLE 1I waited I didn't get

doing at the moment?
CONTINUOUS
PRESENT
I've seen she hasn't flown
PASTSIMPLE PERFECT SIMPLE
PRESENT I DON'T THINK ... ; THERE IS/ARE NO ...

PERFECT SIMPLE
• We often make negative sentences with
I don't think ... : I don't think that's right. not
• We use the auxiliaries do and does to make questions in the Present
Simple: Who do you work for? What does he do in his free time?
Ithin/( that isn't right. I don't think I could do
that. not r thin/(.' eou/dn't do that.
• We use the auxiliaries am, are and is to make questions in the Present
Continuous: Where am I going? What are you watching? What's he doing? • We can use no to make negatives with there
is/there are: There aren't any traffic jams. =
• We use the auxiliaries have and has to make questions in the Present
There are no traffic jams. There isn't a better
Perfect Simple: Where have you been? Has he cal/ed yet?
way to trave/. = There's no better way to travel.
SUBJECT QUESTIONS
WORDS AND PHRASES
• Most questions with auxiliaries ask about the object of a sentence:
A How many songs has Maxie written? B He's written about 25 songs. positive negative positive negative
I
• Subject questions ask about the subject of a sentence: A What makes love hate everyone no one
her husband happy? B Cooking makes him happy. always never all none
• We don't use do, does or did in Present Simple and Past Simple subject usually I hardly ever both neither
questions: Who visits them most weekends? not 'Nho does ',~;sitthem
TIPS· We can say don't always/usual/y/often, but
most wee,lff]nds?
not don't sometimes/hard/y 6'.'Or/never.
• Subject questions have the same word order as positive sentences.
• We can say everyone or everybody and no one
• We can make subject questions with Who, What, Whose and Which. ornobody.
QUESTIONS WITH PREPOSITIONS • We don't usually use double negatives. We say:
• We often put prepositions at the end of questions: How many countries I didn't see anyone. not r didn't see no one.
has he been to? Who does Caroline go to art gal/eries with?
• We use plural verb forms with both: Both of my
TIP • We don't usually put prepositions at the beginning of questions: sisters have got cars. We use singular verb forms
What are you talking about? not About ',."hat are j'Ou tallfing? with neither: Neither of them likes driving.
~--------------------------------------------------------------------------
••• Question tags 1D ' p13 • We often use short answers (Yes, I do. No, I don 't., etc.) to
say that the information is correct.
• We usually use question tags (don't you?, etc.)
to check information that we think is correct. • When the information isn't correct, we often use actual/y
after the short answer to sound more polite, then give more
• We usually use the auxiliary in question tags: You live next
information: A You've been diving, haven't you? B No, I
door to Lisa, don't you?
haven't, actual/y. It sounds a bit too dangerous to me.
• We only use pronouns in question tags: Barbara went to
Liverpool University, didn't she? TIPS • We can also use Yes, that's right. to say that the
information is correct: A You're from London original/y, aren't
• If the main verb is positive, the question tag is usually
you? B Yes, that's right.!Yes, I am.
negative: It was a great match yesterday, wasn't it?
• If the main verb is in the positive form of the Present Simple or
• If the main verb is negative, the question tag is usually
Past Simple, we use don't, doesn't or didn't in the question tag:
positive: You haven't ordered any food yet, have you?
Jim lives in the USA, doesn't he?
• We say aren't I? not amn't l?: t'm late, aren't I?
11
~----------------------------------------------------------------------
OTHER TYPES OF FOOO
•• Collocations (1): work 2A p14
take work hórne meet de"adlines
have time to relax take time off work
work long ho"urs be under (a lot of) pressure at work
work óvertrne spend a lot of time at work
be a workahólic have good working conditions
peanuts a chTlli flour /flaua/
overtime extra time that you work after your usual working
hours: I have to work overtime tonight.
a workaholic someone who works too mueh: Chris is a real
workaholic. He never does anything e/se.
a deadline the time when work must be finished: The deadline
for this report is 9 a.m. tomorrow.
herbs °
spices sauce
pressure ¡'preJa/ diffieult situations or problems that make
you feel worried or unhappy: /'m under a lot of pressure at work
at the moment.
working conditions things whieh affeet the quality of your job
(working hours, the plaee you work, holidays, siek pay, ete.):
Working conditions have improved in the last fifty years.
Tlp· We can also say hit deadlines: Jessica's very reliable. She cream a pie
always hits her deadlines. WAYS OF COOKING
00 o-
EII- Food and ways of cooking 28 p16
FRUIT, VEGETABLES ANO MEAT
grill bárbecue boil
~
a peach
'
" "'~
~·o
a cóconut
<9~
41••~~ ~
c!)
a pTneapple
fry stTrfry • bake
TIPS • Gril/ and barbecue are also nouns: a grill, a barbecue.

sa
We boil things in a ucepan, fry things in a f,ying pan, stir fry
things in a wok and bake things in an oven /Avan/.
an avocádo beans an onion ¡'Anjan/
• We make the adjectives by adding -ed, -d or -ied to the verbs:
gril/ed fish, barbecued lamb, boiled vegetables, fried sausages,
stir fried noodles, baked potatoes.
lit Sleep 2C p18
a cücumber a lettuce ¡'let¡s/ a green/red pepper tall aSleoep start sleeping: She fell as/eep on the train home.
r;
Also: be asleep
g
wake üp stop sleeping: I woke up at six thirty this morning.
get to sleoep start sleeping, often with some diffieulty: It usually
takes me half an hour to get to s/eep.
get back to sleoep start sleeping again after you have woken
up: It took me a long time to get back to s/eep.
a hot dog be wide awake be eompletely awake: I was wide awake at
lamb /lrem/ beef
3 a.m. last night.
be tast asle"ep be eompletely asleep: The children were fast
TIP • Beef is meat from cowS. Lamb is meat from young sheep.
as/eep when we got home.
Both of these words are uncountable.
11
snore /Sil:>:/ breathe in a noisy way when you are ~------------------------------------
sleeping: My husband was snoring so loudly I couldn't
get to sleep. •• be able to, be supposed to, be allowed to,
have trouble sleeping find it difficult to sleep well: modal verbs (1) 2A ' p15
I've had trouble sleeping since Ilost my job.
have insomnia not be able to get to sleep: A lot of • can, must, have to, should and ought to are modal verbs.
people in the UK have insomnia. • We use can and be able to to talk about ability or possibility:
take a sleeping pill take a pill that helps you sleep: People can get their best ideas when they're doing nothing.
When I can't get to sleep, I often take a sleeping pill.
We're able to continue working when we're travelling.
have a dreoam have stories and pictures in your head
while you are sleeping: I had a very strange dream last • We use be supposed to to saya person is expected to do
night. o something: In the UK people are supposed to have a break
have a nightmare have a frightening dream: I had every four hours.
a terrible nightmare last night.
• We use be allowed to and can to say we have permission to do
be a light/heavy sleeper be someone who wakes up
easily/doesn't wake up easily: Carla's a very heavy something: Some French employees are allowed to begin their
sleeper - nothing can wake her up. weekend at 3 p.m. on Thursday. In some American companies,
have a mip have a short sleep in the day: My dad employees can s/eep whenever they want.
always has a nap after lunch. Also: take a nap
• We use must and have to to say something is neeessary: Rob
says he must take more time off work. Lots of people have to take
•• Gradable and strong adjectives; workhome.
adverbs 2C p19 • We use should and ought to to give advice: People should only
work 35 hours a week. We ought to spend more time relaxing.
• Strong adjeetives already inelude the idea of very,
for example, brilliant means 'very good'. TIPS • We can use have to or have got to to say that something is
necessary: I have to work tonight. = I've got to work tonight.
gradable adjectives strong adjectives
Have got to is very eommon in spoken English.
good brilliant, tantástlc
• Must and have to have very similar meanings in their positive form:
bad terrible, awful !':>:fal!
I must go. = I have to go. Have to is more common than must.
tired exha"usted /¡g'z:>:st¡d/, sháttered
big huge /hju:d3/ • We can't use must in the past. To say something was neeessary in
difficult írnpóssíble the past, we use had to: I had to go to three meetings yesterday.
.
frightened
surprised
terrified
amázeo
POSITIVE, NEGATIVE ANO QUESTION FORMS
• We use the infinitive after can, must, have to, should, ought to,
tasty delicious /d¡'bJas/ be able to, be allowed to and be supposed to.
small tiny!'tami!
cold fre"ezing • Can, must, should and ought to are the same for all subjeets.
hot bo'iling
positive negative question
be"autiful gorgeous !'g:>:d3as/
I can go.
1I can't-g-o-.----l-C-'-a-n-I g-o-?-----
big enórmous
You must go. You mustn't go. (Must you go?)
Tnterested
angry
happy
fascinated
furious !'fj:>:rias/
delighted •
He should go.
We ought to go.
I He shouldn't go.
We ought not to go.
Should he go?
(Ought we to go?)
dTrty filthy!'fIl9i! • We make negatives and questions of have to by using the auxiliaries
• We ean use the adverbs fairly, very, extremely and do and does: I don't have to go.; Does she have to go?, ete.
incredibly with gradable adjeetives, but not with • We make negatives and questions of be able to, be allowed to, be
strong adjeetives: very good not very fantastic; supposed to by changing the form of the verb be: He isn't able to
inercdibly hot not incredib!y boiNng, ete. come. You aren't allowed to go. What are we supposed to do?
• Fairly is less strong than very. Incredibly and extremely TIP • We don't usually use ought to in its question formo We usually use
are stronger than very. Do you think ... instead: Do you thinkl ought to call him?
• We ean use absolutely with strong adjeetives, but not MUSTN'T OR DON'T HA VE TO
gradable adjeetives: absolutely terrified not absoluto!y
• We use don't have to to say something isn't neeessary: You don't
frightoned, ete.
have to wear a suit to work, but you can if you want to.
• We ean use really with both gradable and strong
• We use mustn't to say something is not allowed: You mustn't send
adjeetives: really tired, really exhausted, ete.
personal emails from the office. You can only send work emails.
TIP • These strong adjeetives also mean very good:
TIP • To say something wasn't necessary in the past, we use didn't
amazing, excellent, fabulous, incredible, ma
rvellous,
have to: I didn't have to work yesterday. not ,1 hadn't to work y€storday.
superb, terrific, wonderful.
IEII Present Continuous and Present Present Continuous
Simple 28 ' p17 • We make the Present Continuous positive and negative
with: subject + be + (not) + verb+ing
• We use the Present Continuous for things that:
I'm (not) working at the moment.
a are happening at the moment of speaking: I'm bloggíng
You/We/They are/aren't writing a blog.
fram a busy street food market. I'm síttíng in one of
Mexieo City's busy parks. He/She/lt's/isn't becoming more popular.
b are temporary and happening around now, but maybe • We make Present Continuous questions with:
not at this exact moment: Now I'm wrítíng a book about (question word) + am, are or is + subject + verb+íng
street food. We're workíng in Mexieo for a few days. What am I doing here?
e are changing over a period of time: My blog ís becomíng Who are you/we/they talking to?
more popular every year. More and more people are Is he/she/it working today?
vísítíng Thailand on holiday these days.
• We use the Present Simple for: Present Simple

a habits and routines with always, sometimes, never, every • For I/you/we/they, the Present Simple positive is the same
day, every year, etc.: I always try the street food wherever as the infinitive.
I go. I come here every year.
• For he/she/it, we add -s or -es to the infinitive: he lives;
b things that are permanent, or true for a long time: llíve in she goes; it works.
London. People still eat a lot of street food in Indonesia.
• We make the Present Simple negative with:
e verbs that describe states (be, have got, want, etc.):
subject + don't or doesn't + infinitive
The eountry's capital has got some fantastie street food.
IIY0u/We/They don't live here.
If you want to make the perfeet burrito, start wíth a
He/She/lt doesn't work.
freshly-made flour tortilla.
• We make Present Simple questions with:
ACTIVITY ANO STATE VERBS
(question word) + do or does + subject + infinitive
• Activity verbs talk about activities and actions. We can
Where do 1/you/we/they live?
use activity verbs in the Present Simple and the Present
Does he/she/it work?
Continuous (and other continuous verb forms): I wateh TV
everyevening. t'm watchíng TV now. Typical activity verbs
are: wa teh , talk, spend, eat, leam, buy, eook, take, happen. ~ ---------------------------------
• State verbs tal k about states, feelings and opinions. We don't
usually use state verbs in the Present Continuous (or other •• Showing concern, giving and
continuous verb forms): Ilike burritos. not I'm fiking burritos. responding to advice 20 . p20
• Learn these common state verbs.
showing concern
'be and 'think and 'Iike and other Oh, de·ar. What's the matter? Oh, I'm sorry to hear that.
senses
have' verbs know' verbs hate' verbs verbs I can see why you're upset. Yes, I see what you me"an.
be think like see hope Oh, howawful! Oh, dear. What a shárne.
have (got) know lave hear seem giving advice
own believe hate taste need
belong understand
remember
prefer
want
smell
touch
cost
agree
. . ..!
Have you tried talking to him abo·ut it?
Perhaps you ought to spend more time together.
.
Maybe you should sleep in separate ro·oms.
for 9 et
mean
wei 9 h
contain . . .
Why don't you talk to her abclrt it?
~
I'd take her out for a really ruce meal.
.
TIPS • We often use can with verbs that describe the senses to
responding to advice
talk about what is happening now: I can hear a noise outside.
I ean't see anything. Yes, you could be right. Yes, thát's a go·od idea.
Well, it's worth a try, I gu·ess. I might try that.
• Some verbs can be both activity verbs and state verbs: I've tried that, but ...
I'm havíng dinner at the momento (activity)
• After Have you tríed ... we use verb+íng: Have you tried
They have two ehildren. (state)
talkíng to him about it?
What are you thinkíng about? (activity)
I think football is boring. (state) • After you ought to ,you should ... , Why don't you ... ,
and /'d (= I would) we use the infinitive: Perhaps you
• We often use still with the Present Simple and Present
ought to spend more time together.
Continuous to mean something that started in the past and
continues in the present: People stíll eat a lot of street food in • We often use What should Ido? or What do you think
Indonesia. l'm stíll waitíng for him to eall me. I should do? to ask for advice.
~ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
lit- Phrasal verbs (1): travel 3A p22 ID- Phrases with trave/, get and go on
TIP • sb = somebody; sth = something. 38 p24
set off start a journey: They set off at 5 a.m.
get aroúnd travel to different places in the same town/ on your own
city/area: What's the cheapest way to get around? independently
deal with sth do something in order to solve a problem travel firstlbusiness/economy class
or achieve something: I have to deal with a lot of difficult together/separately
customers as part of my job. light
check in go to the reception desk of a hotel to say you
have arrived and to get the key to your room: Have you
checked in yet?
into/out of a car
check o·ut go to the reception desk of a hotel to pay your
back from somewhere
bill before you leave: We checked out early this morning.
get here/there by (10.30)
see sb off go to the place where somebody is leaving
on/off a bus/plane/train
from (for example, an airport or a station) to say goodbye to
a taxi home/to work
them: My parents came to see me off at the airport.
pick sb up go to a place where somebody is waiting and
take them where they want to go: Can you pick me up from
the station? a trip
get báck (to/from a place) return to a place after you have a guided tour
been somewhere else: When did you get back from Brazil? a journey
go on
put up with sth accept a situation or a problem that you a cruise
don't like because you can't change it: I don't know how a package holiday
you put up with a/l this noise.
look atter take care of something or someone (a pet, a
plant, a baby, etc.): Could you look after our cat when we're
on holiday?
&'fII independently without the help of other people: I don't like
r:;.ackageholidays. I prefer travelling independently.
go away leave your home to spend time somewhere else,
first class the best and most expensive way to travel: Famous
usually for a holiday: We're going away in June.
people usually travel first class.
look forward to sth feel happy and excited about
economy class the cheapest way to travel: I don't have much
something that is going to happen: I'm rea/ly looking money iO I always fly economy class.
forward to my holiday travel light travel with a very small amount of luggage: I always
travellight. I only take hand luggage.
a trip when you go to a place for a short time and then come back:
I went on a business trip to Berlin last month.
a guided to·ur /tua/ when you travel to lots of places in a city or
country and a guide tells you about the interesting things you can
see: We're going on a guided tour of London.
a jo·urney !'d33:ni! when you travel from one place to another
place: We went on a journey across Europe.
a cruise /kru:z/ a holiday on a ship when you sail from place to
set off see off
place: We're going on a Mediterranean cruise next month.
a package !'prekld3/ holiday a holiday where everything is
included in the price: A lot of British people go on package holidays
to Spain every summer.
TIPS • Travel is usually a verbo When we want to use a noun,

we usually use journey or trip: How was your journey/trip? not
1=101'0' was your tra•••
eP
pick üp check in
• Get has many different meanings in English: get back = arrive back;
TIPS • You also check in at an airport (or online) before you get a taxi = take a taxi, etc.
fly somewhere. • You can also get on/off a bike, a scooter and a motorbike.
• We say get (back) home not get (back) te/frem home. • By + time means 'at or before': 1'/1get there by 2.30. = 1'11 get there
• We often use verb+ing after look forward to: at 2.30 or earlier.
t'm looking forward to seeing you.
11I
IEIJ>Word building (1): suffixes for adjectives
FOR ANO SINCE
• We use for with a period of time (how long): I've lived in

and nouns 3C p27 this country for about three years.
• We sometimes make adjectives from nouns, or nouns from • We use since with a point in time (when something
adjectives, by adding an ending (a suffix), for example started): We've had this place since 2008.
happy -+ happiness.
TIPS • We can also use for with the Past Simple: Ilived in
adjective noun suffix noun adjective suffix Colombia for six years. (1don't live there now.)
o
kind kindness danger dangerous • We don't usually use during with the Present Perfect
sad sadness -ness adventure advénturous -ous Simple: I've been here for a week. not ¡'o,ce been here
lazy laziness fame famous Gl:lring a v,cee/e
pátient patience cómtort córntortable
BEEN ANO GONE
cónñdent cónñdence -ce knowledge knowledgeable -able
impórtant lrnpórtance fashion fashionable • Go has two past participles, been and gone.
difficult difficulty náture natural • We use been to mean 'go and come back': I've
honest
módest
honesty
rnódesty
-y
..o
tradition
rnusic
•
traditional
müsical
-al just been to Banff to pick him up from the hospital.
(I'm back at the place I started from now.)
popular pOr;(ularity health heOalthy • We use gone to mean 'go, but not come back yet':
active -ity noise
•
noisy -y My wife's gone to see some friends off at Manchester
activ~y
possible possi bility to·urist to·uristy airport. (She's not back yet.)
TIP • When the adjective or noun ends in -t, -y or -e, we sometimes AOVERBS ANO TIME PHRASES
have to change the spelling: patient -+ patience, lazy -+ laziness, • We can use these words/phrases with the Present
nature -+ natural, etc. Perfect Simple: never, ever, recently, lately, before, this
week, just, yet, already: I've never been to Russia., etc.
~ ------------------------------------ • We must use the Past Simple with phrases that say
a definite time (two years ago, in 1997, last week, at 10
•• Present Perfect Simple 3A p23 o'clock, etc.): I went there two years ago. not ¡'ve been
there two ycears ago.
• We use the Present Perfect Simple for experiences that
happened some time before now, but we don't know or don't • We use just to say something happened a short time
say when they happened: I've worked in the USA and in Europe. ago. We don't use just in negative sentences: Jo's just -
We've been away together a few times. To give more information phoned. Has Jo just phoned? not do hasn'tjust phoned.
about an experience we use the Past Simple: I really enjoyed my We putjust before the past participle.
time there too. Each time there was a problem back at the hotel. • We use yet to say something hasn't happened, but we
• We use the Past Simple to say when something happened: think it will happen in the future. We don't use yet in
My wife and I started working in the hotel industry 19 years ago. positive sentences: He hasn't finished it yet. Have you
Three days ago a guy set off on his own into the mountains. finished it yet? but not /'ve finished it yet.
We put yet at the end of the sentence or clause.
• We use the Present Perfect Simple for something that started in
the past and continues in the present: I've lived in this country for • We use already to say something happened some time
about three years. We've had this place since 2008. in the past, maybe sooner than we expected. We don't
use already in negative sentences: We've already seen
• We use the Present Perfect Simple for something that
it. Have you already seen it? but not I haven't airead)'
happened a short time ago, but we don't say exactly when:
seeA-#:-
I've just been to Banff to pick him up from the hospital.
We put already before the past participle.
My wife's gone to see some friends off at Manchester airport.
• Recently and lately mean 'not long ago': I haven't been
POSITIVE ANO NEGATIVE
to London recently/lately.
• We make the Present Perfect Simple positive and negative with:
• After this is the first time, this is the second time, etc.
I/you/we/they + 've, have or haven't + past participle
we use the Present Perfect Simple: This is the first time
he/she/it + 's, has or hasn't + past participle
we've been here. not This is the first time we are here.
I/You/We/They've/haven't worked in Canada.
TIP • We also use the Present Perfect Simple with
He/She/lt's/hasn't been to South America.
this week/month/year, etc. and with this morning, this
QUESTIONS
afternoon, etc. if it is still that time of day. Compare these
• We make Present Perfect Simple questions with: sentences:
(question word) + have or has + subject + past participle A Have you seen Bob this morning? (It is still morning.)
How long have I/you/we/they lived here? B Oid you see Bob this morning? (It is now afternoon or
Has he/she/it been there before? evening.)
11
E!J. Present Perfect Continuous and Questions with How long ... ? and How many ... ?
Present Perfect Simple 38 p25 • We make Present Perfect Continuous questions with
How long. .. ? with:
• We usually use the Present Perfect Continuous to tal k
about an activity that started in the past and continues How long + have + I/you/we/they + been + verb+íng
in the present: The company has been publishíng guide How long + has + he/she/it + been + verb+íng
books for 40 years. How long have you been waiting here?
How long has Lonely Planet been publishing guide books?
has been publíshing for 40 years
• We make Present Perfect Simple questions with
How many ... ? with:
past 40 years ago NOW future How many + have + I/you/we/they +- past participle
• We usually use the Present Perfect Simple to tal k about How many + has + he/she/it + past participle
a state that started in the past and continues in the present: How many countries have you visited?
The book has been a best-sel/er since it was published How many books has Lonely Planet published?
in 1973.
TIP • We can also make questions with the Present Perfect
since 1973 has be en a best-seller Simple and How much (+ noun) ... ?: How much money have
you spent so far?
I
past 1973 NOW future
TIPS • We often use the Present Perfect Continuous with verbs

~------------------------------
that tal k about longer activities: leam, rain, try, play, work, read,
•• Asking for and making
wait, etc.: /'ve been leaming English for five years.
• We don't usually use the Present Perfect Continuous with
recommendations 3D p28
verbs that talk about short actions: start, find, lose, break, buy, asking for recommendations
stop, etc.: /'ve started a course. not I've been sffirting a course. Do you knów any go"od places to stay/e"at?
• With some verbs, both verb forms are possible: I've livedlbeen What's the best way to (get aro"und)?
living here for five years. He's workedlbeen working in Australia What else is wórth seeing?
since 2011.
" any other
Have you got " tips? .
What abo"ut (pláces outside Delhi)?
Present Perfect Continuous recommending things

• We make the Present Perfect Continuous positive with:
It's
•
probably
•
best
••
to (use rickshaws).
I/you/welthey + 've or have + been + verb+íng "
I'd recommend "
(the trains).
he/she/it + 's or has + been + verb+íng You should definitely se"e(the Red Fort).
They've been travelling since 1972. That's well worth se"ein.,.g.
You really müst go to (Agra) to se·e (the Taj Mahal).
The company has been publishing guide books for 40 years.
not recommending things
• We make the Present Perfect Continuous negative with:
I/you/we/they + haven't + been + verb+íng Don't bóther going to (the museumsl.
It isn't re"allyworth visiting. (1 dón't think).
he/she/it + hasn't + been + verb+íng
Don't drTnk anything with ice in it.
I haven't been sleeping very well lately. I wouldn't e"atany salads.
He hasn't been working here for very long.
responding to recommendations
TIPS • We often use the Present Perfect Continuous to talk Thát's go"od to know.
about the activity we have been doing: /'ve been doing my That so·unds good.
homework. (We don't know if the homework is finished or not.) Thanks, th1ks re"allyüseful.
• We often use the Present Perfect Simple to say an activity is Yes, I've he"ard that betóre.
finished: I've done my homework. (The homework is finished now.) • After tt's (wel/lnot) worth ... we use verb+ing: That's wel/
worth seeing.
HOW LONG ... ANO HOW MANY ...
• After Don't bother ... we use verb+ing: Don't bother goíng
• We usually use the Present Perfect Continuous to say
to the museums.
how long an activity has been happening: Their television
company, Lonely Planet TV, has been making programmes • After I'dll wouldn't ... we use the infinitive: I'd recommend
since 2004. the trains.
• We usually use the Present Perfect Simple to say how

many things are finished: Lonely Planet has published over
650 guidebooks since the company began.
~ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ID- Collocations (2): music 4A p30
Brave people are not frightened in dangerous or difficult
situations.
da/play
• •
a concert/a gig Determined /d¡'t3:mmd/ people want to do something very
be a big fan of a singer/band much and don't allow anything to stop them.
• •
release a new single/album/CD RelTable /n'la¡abal! people always do what you want or
do an encore expect them to do.
dawnlaad a track onto my phone lndepéndent people don't want or need other people to do
belga on to·ur things for them.
have an album/a CD in the chárts Organised people plan things well and don't waste time.
see someone play ITve Stübbarn !'stAban/ people won't change their ideas or plans
belga onstáqe
~ri-
when" other people want them to.
Ambitiaus /rem'biJas/ people want to be very successful or
a gig (informal) a concert (rack, pop, jazz, etc.): I went to a brilliant powerful.
gig last night. Confident people are sure that they can do things
a fan a person who likes a particular band, singer, sports team, etc.: successfully or well.
I'm a big tan ot Coldplay. My brother's a Manchester United tan. Practical people are good at planning things and dealing
a single a CD or record that has only one main song: Have you with problems.
heard Madonna's new single? Generaus !'d3enaras/ people like giving money and presents
an album a collection of songs or pieces of music on a CD or to other people.
a record, or that you can download from the internet: The Beatles' Mean people don't like spending money or giving things to
first album was called 'Please Please Me'.
other people.
rele"ase make a CD, film, etc. available for the public to buy or see:
Hespónsible /n'spons¡bal! people behave sensibly and can
Their first album was released last week.
make good decisions on their own.
an encore an extra song or piece of music that is performed at
the end of the show, usually because the audience shouts for it: Aggressive people behave in an angry or violent way
When I saw U2 at Wembley, they did three encares. towards other people.
a track a song or piece of music on a CD or record, or that you OptimTstic people always think that good things will happen
can download fram the internet: I downloaded this track trom the in the future.
band's website. PessimTstic people always think that bad things will happen
on to·ur when a band or singer is on tour, they travel fram one city in the future.
or country to another and play concerts in each place: Bands can
make a lot ot money when they go on tour. TIP • Someone who is optimistic is an óptimist. Someone
the charts official lists that show which singles and albums have who is pessimistic is a pessimist.
sold the most copies each week: Lady Gaga has two albums in
the charts .
•
play live /la¡v/ play in frant of an audience: Have you ever seen
the Rolling Stones play live?
be onstage be on a stage in a concert hall or a theatre: What
time are the band onstage?
TIPS • We can also use tour as a verb: My favourite band are

touring at the momento
• We can also use live to talk about TV programmes or sporting
events that we can see at the same time as they are happening:
The World Cup final is shown live in over 160 countries. He's advénturous. She's talented. She's generous.
• We often use a venue !'venju:/ to talk about a place where bands

or singers play concerts: There are lots of great venues in London.
••. Adjectives(2): character 48 p32

Adventuraus people like visiting new places and having new
experiences.
Talented people have a natural ability to do something, like paint,
write, play music, etc.
Sensible !'sens¡bal! people can make good decisions based on
reasons and facts.
Sensitive people are able to understand other people's feelings
He's brave. He's stúbborn. She's organised.
and problems, and help them in a way that does not upset them.
••. Guessing meaning from context ~--------------------------------
4C p35
•• Past Simple and Past Continuous 4A p31
• Sometimes you can guess the meaning of a word by:
a deciding which part of speech it is (noun, verb, • We use the Past Simple for:
adjective, etc.). a a single completed action in the past. My boyfriend bought
tickets to see her play /ive. Then / moved to London.
b understanding the rest of the sentence and the
general meaning of the text. b a repeated action or habit in the past. / /istened to her second
a/bum all the time. / practised for hours every day.
c recognising a similar word in your language, or
another language you know. c a state in the past. My boyfriend wanted to sell it on eBay.
/Ioved dance music.
wandered (regular verb) walked around slowly:
Have you ever wandered around an art gallery? • We use the Past Continuous for:
2 well-knówn (adjective) famous: We /ooked at a an action in progress at a point of time in the past. Five years ago
paintings by well-known artists. / was living in New York. Twenty minutes /ater / was standing in
3 bízárre /bI'za:/ (adjective) strange: Nothing is too front of 1,000 peop/e.
bizarre for this museum. b the background events of a story. AII the fans were singing
4 highlight (noun) most interesting part: The high/ight a/ong. AII the c/ubbers were dancing and having a good time.
of this museum is /me/da Marcos's massive shoe c an action in progress when another (shorter) action happened.
collection. While / was playing my /ast track, the manager came over and
5 appear (regular verb) seem: The scu/ptures appear congratu/ated me. Whi/e she was doing an encore, she threw her
to be frozen in time. shoes into the crowd. Look at this diagram.
6 cárriaqes !,krend3Iz/ (noun) parts of a train that was doing an encore
7
people travel in: There are 930 trains with over
14,000 carriages.
péckish (adjective) a bit hungry: Are you feeling a
••...•~==~
past start threw finish NOW
I
future
bit peckish? encore shoes encare
8 set up (irregular phrasal verb) started (for a
business, company, museum, etc.): The museum TIPS • We can also use the Past Continuous when the longer action is
was set up by aman called Hamburger Harry. interrupted: Whi/e we were having a picnic, it started to rain.
TIP • Be careful of words/phrases that are 'false friends' • We can use when or whi/e with the Past Continuous: He phoned me
in your language. For example, sensible in Spanish when/while / was waiting for the train. We don't usually use while with
means sensitive and fast in German means a/most. the Past Simple: II/hi.'e he phened me, !'NOS waibiAg ter O traín.
Past Simple
check o·ut (regular phrasal verb) go to a place to see
what it is like: You shou/d check out The Museum of • We usually make the Past Simple positive of regular verbs by adding
BadArt. -ed or -d to the infinitive: work -+ worked, live -+ /ived, etc. There are
massive (adjective) very big: /melda Marcos's massive no rules for irregular verbs. There is an Irregular Verb List on p175.
shoe collection. I stayed at home and watched TV.
displayed (regular verb) organised in a way that they
can be seen by the public: 749 pairs are now displayed • We make the Past Simple negative with:
in the museum. subject + didn't (= did not) + infinitive
sculptures (noun) a piece of art made out of stone, He didn't go to work yesterday.
wood, metal or concrete: He placed about 300 life-size
concrete sculptures of real people on the sea bed. • We make Past Simple questions with:
breOathtaking (adjective) extremely exciting, beautiful (question word) + did + subject + infinitive
or surprising: The sight of brightly-coloured tropical What time did he call you?
fish swimming between the sculptures is absolutely
breathtaking. Past Continuous
miniature !'mlmtJa/ (adjective) very small, particularly
• We make the Past Continuous positive and negative with:
for something that is usually much bigger: Why not take
subject + was, were, wasn't or weren't + verb+ing
him to visit the largest miniature railway museum in
the world? I/He/She/lt was/wasn't working when you called.
track (noun) The long pieces of metal on the ground WelYoulThey were/weren't living in Australia in 2010.
that a train travels on: The museum has 13,000 metres
oftrack. • We make Past Continuous questions with:
impressive (adjective) admired and respected, often (question word) + was or were + subject + verb+ing
because it's special, important, or very large: It's an Was I/he/she/it waiting for you?
impressive sight. What were you/we/they doing at 2 p.m. yesterday?
••. used to 4A . p31 • We don't always use the Past Perfect with before and after
because the order of events is clear: We (had) finished eating
• We can use used ta or the Past Simple to tal k about
befare they arrived. I went hame after the meeting (had) finished.
repeated actions, habits or states in the past:
I wentlused to go to a lat af gigs. POSITIVE ANO NEGATIVE
Ilistened/used to lis ten to her secand album al/ the time. • We make the Past Perfect positive with:
Back then I was/used to be ane ot Lady Gaga's biggest fans. subject + had or 'd + past participle
• We can't use used to to talk about one action in the past: They had planned to do the whole walk together.
That night she sang far aver twa haurs. not That night she • We make the Past Perfect negative with:
tlsed to SiRg ter over two hours. subject + hadn't + past participle
TIP • We can only use used to to talk about the past. To talk He hadn't been to the Amazon jungle before.
about habits or repeated actions in the present, we use usual/y TIP • The Past Perfect is the same for all subjects: I/You/He/
+ Present Simple. Compare these sentences: She/ltlWe/They had already arrived when Jahn gat hame.
I used to work at the weekend. (1 don't work at the weekend now.)
QUESTIONS
I usually work at the weekend. (1 work at the weekend now.)
• We make Past Perfect questions with:
(question word) + had + subject + past participle
• We make positive sentences with used ta with:
What had he done before he became an explorer?
subject + used to + infinitive
He used to live in Dublin when he was a teenager. TIPS • The short answers to Past Perfect yes/na questions are:
Yes, I had./Na, I hadn't., etc.
• We make negative sentences with used to with:
subject + didn't + use to + infinitive • We often use the Past Perfect after realised, thought, forgot
and remembered: I realised I'd left my wal/et at hame.
We didn't use to go clubbing very often.
• We often use by the time, when, as soon as, because and
QUESTIONS
so to make sentences with the Past Perfect and Past Simple:
• We make questions with used to with: The party had finished by the time he arrived.
(question word) + did + subject + use to + infinitive
• We use the same adverbs and time phrases with the Past
Did you use to go out a lot when you lived in New York?
Perfect as we do with the Present Perfect Simple: Tracy had
Where did you use to live when you were young? just/already finished it. See Id;fMiMi1i"i> p133 for more
TIPS • Used te is the same for all subjects: information on adverbs and time phrases.
I/Yau/He/She/We/They used ta live in Ireland.
• Notice how we spell the negative and question forms: didn't ~--------------
use te not didn't used te; did yau use te not did'y'ou used te.
• In the negative we can say didn't use to or never used ta: •• Softening opinions and making
I never used te ga te gigs when I was yaung. generalisations 40 p36
• The short answers to yes/na questions with used to are: • Sometimes English speakers soften the way they express
Yes, I did./Na, I didn't.; Yes, he did./Na, he didn't., etc. their opinions so that they don't sound rude or offensive.
• We often use these phrases in bold to soften our opinions:
•• Past Perfect 48 p32 • • •
Some of them can be quite aggressive at times.
• When there is more than one action in the past, we often use
On the whole, most fans just wánt to seoea go·od game.
the Past Perfect for the action that happened first.
Fo·otballers tE~ndto eOarnráther a lot of rnóney,
second action (Past Simple) first action (Past Perfect) Thát's not very sensible behávlour, is it?
Cho joined the expedition after Luke had gone back to the UK. Generally speaking, most footballers are just normal people.
He also read messages that people had sent him. Perháps sérne people can take it a bit tco seriously.
Ed calculated that he'd walked about 6,000 miles.
• After tend to we use the infinitive: He tends to be a bit mean.
• Compare these sentences:
• Rather, quite, not very and a bit usually come before an
1 When I turned on the TV, the programme started.
adjective: They can get quite/ratherla bit naisy at times.
First I turned on the TV, then the programme started
• We often put generally speaking and on the whole at the
almost immediately.
beginning af a sentence: General/y speaking/On the whale,
2 When I turned en the TV, the programme had started.
mast faatbal/ fans aren't vialent at al/.
First the programme started, then I turned on the TV.
• We often use not very + positive adjective to criticise
TIPS • If the order of past events is clear from the context, we someone or something politely:
don't usually use the Past Perfect: We had dinner, watched TV That's nat very sensible behaviaur. (That's stupid behaviour.)
and then went to bed. He wasn't very palite. (He was rude.)
~ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LOCATION
•• Homes 5A p38
in a quiet/lively/friendly neighbourhood
in the city centre
HOMES ANO BUILOINGS in the co·untry in a residential área
in the súburbs on the ground/first/top flo·or
a 5üburb !'sAb3:b/ an area where people live outside the

centre of a city: They lived in a suburb of New York. People who
live i~ the suburbs have to commute into the city.
a neighbourhood !'ne¡bahud/ the area of a town or city that
is around someone's home: Ilive in a quiet neighbourhood.
Ilvely !'la¡vh/ a livsly neighbourhood has a lot of places to go
(cafés, restaurants, clubs, etc.) and a lot of interesting things
an apártrnent block a cottage !'knt¡d3/ happening in it: We live in a very lively neighbourhood.
a residential área a part of town with a lot of houses or flats,
but no offices, big shops or factories: My parents live in a
residential area just outside the city centre.
TIPS. In the UK the suburbs often have a lot of detached

houses and are usually quite expensive places to live.
• the ground floor [UK] = the first floor rUS]; the first floor [UK] =
the second floor [US], etc.
a detáched /d¡'tcetJt! house a terraced !'tenst! house
• We can also saya ground-floor flat, a top-floor flat, etc.
TIP • We can say an apartment block, an apartment building or
a block of flats.
~ Phrasal verbs (2) 58 p40
PARTS OF A HOME
clear sth o·ut tidya room, cupboard, etc. and get rid of the
things in it that you don't want any more: I'm going to clear out
the garage this weekend.
sort sth o·ut arrange or organise things that are not in order or
are untidy: I need to sort out my notes - I can't find anything!
give sth away give something to someone without asking for
money: I didn't need my old TV so I gave it away.
throw sth awáy or throw sth o·ut put something in the rubbish
bin that you don't want any more: A What should Ido with this
lamp? B Throw it away/out, it's broken.
a balcony a garage !'gcera:3/
take sth o·ut remove something from a place: Can you take
the rubbish out for me, please?
tidy (sth) üp make a room or place tidy by putting things
back in the place where you usually keep them: I always tidy
up before I go to bed.
put sth awáy put something in the place where you usually
keep it: Don't leave your clothes on the floor - put them away.
come back return to a place: John's on holiday, but he's
coming back tomorrow afternoon.
a loft a study go thro·ugh sth carefully look at things to find something or
to see if you want to keep them: I went through everything in
these boxes and threw away a lot of junk.
a roof stairs
TIP • We can also say upstairs and downstairs to talk about the
floor above or below where we are now: I think you left your wallet
upstairs. If you're going downstairs, can you make some tea?
throwaway/out put away
lit Verb patterns (1) se p43 •• Materials 50 p44
• When we use two verbs together, the form of the second
verb usually depends on the first verb: start singing; decided
to make; can't celebrate; tel/ their children to make; make lt
shine, etc. This is called a verb pattern.
start like begin love keep + verb+ing
_e_n_jO_Y
__ fin_i_sh
__ m_i_n_d_p_r_ef_e_r
__ I_(d_O_'_'n-g)-------
hate continue ..
decide remember forget try + infinitive with to wool rúbber métal cárcboard
start like begin love need (to do)
would like want plan prefer
14J
hate continue learn seem
can might could should + infinitive
would will must would rather (do)
tell ask help allow teach + object + infinitive with to
would like want pay (sblsth to do)
make help let + object + infinitive plástic leather páper cotton
(sblsth do)
TIPS • The verbs in blue in the table have more than one verb
pattern. Both verb patterns have the same meaning: I started
to write an email. = 1started writing an email.
• In British English, likellovelhate + verb+ing is more common:
llikellovelhate watching golf. In American English, likellovelhate
+ infinitive with to is more common: llike to watch golf.
wood tin glass steel
~--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
•• Making comparisons 5A p39 other 2-syllable adjectives; long adjectives
COMPARATIVES ANO SUPERLATIVES
adjective comparative superlative
• We use comparatives (bigger, more expensive, etc.) spacious more spacious most spacious
to compare two things.
amazing more amazing most amazing
• We use superlatives (biggest, most expensive, etc.)
patient more patient most patient
to compare three or more things.
expensive more expensive most expensive
1-syllable adjectives; 2-syllable adjectives • Good, bad and far are irregular: good -+ better, best; bad -+ worse,
ending in-y worst; far -+ furtherlfarther, furthest/farthest.
adjective comparative superlative • The opposites of more and most are less and least: It's a bit less
expensive than the Redland house. It's the least expensive place
old older oldest
we've seen.
small smaller smallest
• We use much, far or a lot before a comparative to say there's a big
nice nicer nicest difference: That place was muchlfarla lot noisier than the other two.
big bigger I biggest • We use s/ightly, a /ittle or a bit before a comparative to say there's a
noisy noisier I noisiest small difference: It seemed slightlyla little/a bit bigger than where we
live now.
TIPS • When the adjective ends in -e, we only add -r
or -st: safe -+ safer, safest. TIPS • We use the, possessive 's or a possessive adjective before a
• When the adjective ends in consonant + vowel + superlative: It had the most amazing view. He's Peter's best friendo That's
consonant, we double the final consonant: thin -+ their oldest daughter. The most common form is 'the + superlative'.
thinner, thinnest. • When we compare two things we use than after the comparative:
• When a two-syllable adjective ends in -y, we change The back garden was far smal/er than I'd expected.
the -y to .¡ and add -er or -est: funny -+ funnier, funniest. • We can also use more and most with nouns: It's got more space.
It's got the most rooms.
OTHER WAYS TO MAKE COMPARISONS TIPS· We often use 00 you think ... ? to make questions with
• We can use the same + (noun) + as to say two people or will: 00 you think your sister willlike this dress?
things are the same: tt's the same size as our house. • We often use prabably or definitely with wil/: He'lI probablyl
• We can also use as + adjective + as to say two people or definitely call you back tomorrow.
things are the same: It was as small as the one we've got now. • We often use might to mean 'will possibly': 1 might finish it
• We can use similar to + noun to say two people or things are this weekend.
nearly the same: It's very similar to where we live now. • We also use wil/ to talk about future facts and for offers:
• We can use not as + adjective + as to say two people or /'11 be 45 next birthday. /'11 help you clear out the study.
things are not the same: It's not as big as the other two places.
be going to
• We can also use different from + noun to say two people
or things are not the same: It was different from anything e/se
• We make the positive and negative of be going to with:
we've seen.
subject + am, are or is + (not) + going to + infinitive
TIP • We can say different from or different to: It was different I'm/'m not going to keep this jumper.
framlto anything e/se we've seen.
YoulWe/They're/aren't going to use it again.
He/She/lt's/isn't going to work any more.
11» The future: will, be going to, Present
QUESTIONS
Continuous 58 . p41
• We make questions with be going to with:
• We use will when we decide to do something at the time of (question word) + am, are or is + subject + going to
speaking: OK, 1'11throw those away. + infinitive
• We use be going to when we already have a plan or an When am I going to see you again?
intention to do something: /'m going to sort out the rest of
Are you/we/they going to move house?
them at the weekend.
What's he/she/it going to do tomorrow?
• We use the Present Continuous when we have an
TIP • With the verb go, we usually say l'm going to the cinema.
arrangement with another person: He's picking them up
not /'m going to go to the cinema. But both are correct.
tomorrow evening after work.
• We use be going to for a prediction that is based on present
evidence (something we can see now): It's going to break the ~-----------------------------
first time she uses it!
• We use will for a prediction that is a personal opinion and is not •• Explaining what you need 50 p44
based on present evidence: But you'lI never listen to them again. saying you don't know the name of something
TIPS • When we use the Present Continuous for future I'm sorry, I've forgotten whát it's cálled.
arrangements, we usually know exactly when the arrangements I don't know whát it's cálled in English.
are happening. They are the kind of arrangements we can write in I cán't remember whát they're cálled.
a diary: /'m having dinner with Richard on Saturday. I'm sorry, I don't knów the word for them.
• For how to make the positive, negative and question forms of the describing what something is used for
Present Continuous, see *ij;HW.f.'¡.i.
p131. lt's a thing for (máking soúo).
• We can also use be going to to talk about future arrangements: lt's stüff for (getting márks off your clothes~
What are you going to do tomorrow? You üse it when (you get coffee on your shirt).
You üse them to (mend your clóthes).
will describing what something looks like

POSITIVE ANO NEGATIVE lt's a type of (Iiquid).
• We make the positive and negative forms of will with: They're rnáde of (metal).
subject + '11, will or won't (= will not) + infinitive They've got (a hole in the end).
•• •
They look like (headphones).
1'11 give you a ring next week.
checking something is the right thing
He won't talk to anyone about it.
Is this whát you're lo·oking for?
TIP • Wil/lwon't is the same for all subjects:
lIyoulhe/shelit/welthey willlwon't do it. . . .
Do you mean (a blender)?
Oh, you mean (stain remover).
QUESTIONS
• We often use stuff to tal k about uncountable nouns we
• We make questions with will with: don't know the name of.
(question word) + will + subject + infinitive
• After tt's a thing for ... and It's stuff for ... we use
Will you use that old printer again? verb+ing.
What will he decide to throw away? • After You use it/them ... we use the infinitive with to.
11
~ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
•• make and do 6A p46 IIJ. Reflexive pronouns 68 p49

make do • We use reflexive pronouns (myself, yaurself, etc.) when the subject and object
a decTsion the cleaning are the same people: It's impartant that they are allowed to enjay tnemseives.
a rnistáke a course • We use by myself, by yourself, etc. to mean alane: This means children spend
rnóney homework mast af their free time studying by themselves.
friends nothing
a noise " ,
exercise
• We also use reflexive pronouns to emphasise that we do something instead
the washing-üp of someone else doing it for us: We shauld a/so encaurage children to wark
dinner
"
an excuse the shóppinq things out themselves.
someone la"ugh/cry some work subject pronouns reflexive pronouns subject pronouns reflexive pronouns
up your mind the wa"shing
"
progress a degre"e myself it itself
a cake" "
an exam you (singular) yourself we oursélves
an appointment the ho·usework
he himself you (plural) yoursélves
a mess of something someone a favour
she herself they thernsélves
make an excüse give a reason to explain TIPS • Some verbs that are reflexive in other languages aren't reflexive in English,
why you did something wrong (often used in for example meet, relax and teet.
the plural): You need to stop making excuses
• We can say an my awn, an yaur awn, etc. instead of by myself, by yourself, etc.:
and be more resp'onsib/e,
make up your mind make a decision: / can't I enjay living by myselflan my awn. We don't say by Fft)' OWA.
make up my mind where to go on ho/iday. • Notice the difference between themselves and each other:
make progress get closer to achieving or
finishing something: We haven't finished yet,
but we're makin¡J good progress.
make an appointment arrange a time and
place to meet someone, particularly a doctor,
dentist, etc.: /'ve made an appointment to
see the doctor.
make a mess of something (informal) do
something badly or make a lot of mistakes:
/ made a mess of my exam. / on/y got 23%.
do the ho·usework do things like washing,
cleaning, etc. in arder to keep the house clean
and tidy: / can't stand doing the housework.
do someone a favour do something to help Nicky and Alice are looking at Nicky and Alice are looking at
someone: Cou/d you do me a favour and thernselves. each other.
he/p me with my homework?
lit Synonyms 6C p51

• We often use synonyms when we are speaking or writing so that we don't
repeat words.
choose pick concérneo worried

satisfied contént "
frightened scared
lücky fortunate make a declsion make up your mTnd
beháve act try to do i have a go at doing
do the washlnq-úp do the washing nótíce spot tal k to someone ¡ chat to someone
by chánce accldéntajy nice pleasant
TIPS • We often use make for 'food' words:
make lunch, make dinner, make a cake, etc. attitude approach "
enormous huge
• We often use do for 'study' words: sure certain pleased glad

do hamewark, do a degree, do an exam, etc. de"al with cope with wóndertul brilliant
• We usually use do for jobs connected to !he show reveal terrible awful
house: do the cleaning, do the washing, etc.
TlP • Many synonyms in English have small differences in meaning or use.
• do the washing-up [UK] = do the dishes rUS] For example, chat to sameane is more informal than talk to sameane .
~---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
•• First conditional 6A p47 ZERO OR FIRST CONDITIONAL
• Look at this first conditional. Notice the different clauses. • Compare these sentences:
A If my children get good grades, I take them to the beach.
if clause I main clause
(if + Present Simple) ('11,will or won't + infinitive) This sentence is a zero conditional. It talks about something that
is always true. (1 take my children to the beach every time they get
If I start teaching again, 1'11be exhausted after ayear.
good grades at school.)
• The first conditional talks about the result of a possible B If my children get good grades, /'1/ take them to the beach.
event or situation in the future.
This sentence is a first conditional. It talks about one specific
• The if clause talks about things that are possible, but time in the future. (1'11 take my children to the beach if they get
not certain: If I start teaching again, 1'11
be exhausted good grades in their next exam.)
after ayear. (maybe I will start teaching again). The
CONDITIONALS WITH MODAL VERBS AND IMPERATIVES
main clause says what we think the result will be in this
• We can use modal verbs (should, can, etc.) in the main clause
situation (l'rn sure I will be exhausted after ayear).
of conditionals: If parents want their children to be happy, they
• The if clause can be first or second in the sentence: shouldn't put too much pressure on them. If you criticise children
1'11
be exhausted after ayear if I start teaching again.
for not getting good grades, they can feellike they're failures.
• We make first conditional questions with:
• We can also use imperatives (praise, don't give, etc.) in the main
(question word) + will + subject + infinitive + if ... :
clause of conditionals: If you want to help your children, praise the
What will you study if you do another degree?
effort they make.
• We often use might in the main clause to mean 'will
• In these conditionals we use the Present Simple in the if clause:
perhaps': You might not get in this year if you don't
If you need some help, ask me.
apply soon.
TIP • We can use other modal verbs (must, have to, might, etc.) in
• We can use unless to mean 'if not' in the first
conditionals: If you don't understand, you must ask the teacher.
conditional: Unless I do it now, 1'11
be too old. =
If I don't do it now, 1'11
be too old. IN CASE
• We use in case to say that we are prepared for something that

11I- Future time clauses 6A . p47 might happen: Students are scared of answering questions in
case they get them wrong. 1'11
take an umbrella in case it rains.
• We can also use sentences with before, as soon as,
after, until and when to talk about the future: 1'11
ask • In case and if have different meanings. Compare these sentences:
them before they go on holiday. MIKE 1'11
buy some food in case I get hungry.
• In these sentences we use will/won't + infinitive in the Mike is definitely going to buy some food so that he is prepared if
main clause: 1'11
make a decision after I talk to him. he gets hungry in the future.
• We use the Present Simple in clauses beginning with JAMES 1'11

buy some food if I get hungry.
before, as soon as, after, until and when: I won't say James might buy some food, but only if he gets hungry in the future.
anything to them until you decide what to do.
TIP • We use when to say we are certain that something ~----------------------------------

will happen. Compare these two sentences:
A 1'11 tell Jo when I see her. (l'rn certain I will see Jo.) •• Oiscussion language 60 . p52
B "" tell Jo if I see her. (Maybe I will see Jo.)
asking to speak ways of agreeing
lit Zero conditional; conditionals May I make a sU~Jgestion?

Can I make a point here?
Ves, that so·unds like a go·od
ide·a.
with modal verbs and imperatives; Can I júst say something here? Well, it's (definitely) wórth a trY.
in case 68 p48 Ves, thát's not abad ide·a.
making suggestions
------------;;--------1 Ves, that could work.
ZERO CONDITIONAL
How abóut ~having some ITvemusic)? What a gre·at/brilliant idea!
• Zero conditionals talk about things that are always We could (hire some professional
true: If you have children, you want them to be happy. musicians). ways of disagreeing
What abo·ut (charging pe·ople five I'm not súre abo·ut that. For
• In zero conditionals both verbs are in the Present
po·unds each)? óne thing, ...
Simple: If children study all the time, they don't
Have you tho·ught of (asking the Sorry, I dón't think we should
develop in other ways.
scho·ol to pút on a musical)? do that.
TIP • If and when have the same meaning in zero I suggest we (have some I'm not sure thát's a go·od
conditionals: If/When I'm stressed, I don't s/eep very well . competitions). ide·a.
~----------------------------------------------------------------------
••• Goals and achievements 7A p54 •• Computers (2) 7C p58
A social networking site is a website such as Facebook,
aehieve your goals succeed in doing the things that you want Gooqle-, etc. that is designed to help people communicate
to do in life, especially after a lot of work: If you work hard, you and share information, photos, etc. with a group.
will achieve your goa/s. When you update your status, you add a new comment to
put a lot of effort into sth use a lot of physical or mental your page on a social networking site. Also: update your
activity in order to achieve something: She puts a lot of effort
(Facebook) page and a status update
into everything she does. Also: make an effort to do sth
A prófile is the personal information (interests, married, etc.)
do your best make the greatest effort possible: It doesn't
you add to your page on a social networking site.
matter if you don't win, just try to do your best.
When you upload something, you copy or move photos,
have an opportúnity be in a situation that makes it possible
for you to do something that you want to do: Henry was very documents, etc. to a website. (opposite: download)
happy to have the opportunity to work in Hollywood. A forum is a website or part of a website where people can
mess sth up (informal) do something wrong or badly: I really discuss particular topics. Also: a rnéssaqe board
messed up that job interview. When you post a cérnment on a website, forum, etc. you write
dre·am of sth imagine something that you would like to happen: something for other people to read.
I've always dreamed of living on a beautiful is/and. When you tweet, you write a message on Twitter for other
eneo·urage /m'kAnd3/ talk or behave in a way that makes people to read. Also: a tweet (noun)
somebody else more confident to do something: My friends When you follow somebody on Twitter, you are automatically
encouraged me to write a novel. sent messages from this person when they tweet.
take part in sth be involved in an activity with other people: A link is a connection between two pages on the Internet.
AII the children took part in the competition.
make the móst of sth get the maximum use, benefit or •• Use of articles: a, an, the, no article
enjoyment from something, often because it may not last long:
It's a beautiful day - let's make the most of it. 7C p59
go wróng change or end in abad or negative way: Whatever
• We usea oran:
I try to do, it always goes wrong.
a when we don't know, or it isn't important, which one:
Many of them cen't go a day without checking for status
TIP • We say have an/the opportunity to do something not
updates.
have a/#Je possibility te do some#Jing.
b with jobs: If you're a designer working in Oublin .
.,. Computers (1) 7B p56 e to talk about a person or thing for the first time: you
have a new person to add to your col/ection of friends.
a password a secret combination of letters or numbers which • We use the:
you use when you log onto a computer website. d to talk about the same person or thing for the second/
install sóftware (onto a eomputer) put a computer program
third/fourth, etc. time: But do you real/y want to be friends
onto a computer so that the computer can use it.
with the person?
baek sth up copy documents, files, etc. from a computer
onto a memory stick, another computer, online, etc. e when there is only one (or only one in a particular place):
store put or keep things in a particular place so you can read Social networking sites are one of the most amazing
or use them in the future. success stories of the internet.
a hard drive part of a computer that stores information. with countries that are groups of islands or states:
a memory stiek a small piece of equipment that you use for According to a children's charity in the UK ...
storing information or photos. Also a USB drive or a USB stiek
9 with superlatives: The largest number of active social
spam unwanted emails, usually advertisements.
relationships is 150.
an attaehment a document, picture, etc. sent with an email.
a virus !'varras/ a computer program which can make copies • We don't use an article:
of itself and stops a computer from working normally. h for most towns, cities, countries and continents: ... or an
erash when a computer or a website suddenly stops working.
engineer who's moving to Egypt ...
eopy sb in (on an email) send somebody a copy of an email
that you are sending to somebody else. to talk about people or things in general: But what effect
fórward sth to sb send an email you have received to is this having on society?
somebody else's computer. for some public places (school, hospital, university,
delete remove a document, email, etc. from a computer. college, prison, etc.) when we talk about what they are
print (o'ut) produce a copy of a document, etc. on paper. used for in general: You don't have to be at school or
sean use a machine to put a document, etc. into a computer. university to use social networking sites.
wi Fi a wireless way of connecting computers to the Internet in
a public place (a café, a train, etc.). TIP • We use the with public places when we talk about the
building: She works in the school opposite the park. He's gone
to the hospital to visit his father.
~----------------------------------------------------------------------
••. Ability 7A . p55 • Compare these sentences:
A If I have enough money, 1'11buy a new laptop.
• These phrases talk about things you can or could do:
This is a real possibility (the person might buy a new
be quite/very/really good at (doing sth): She's very good at
laptop).
encouraging people.
B If 1had enough money, I'd buy a new laptop.
be able to (do sth): I was able to give a good performance.
This is an imaginary situation (the person can't buy a
know how (to do sth): He knows how to do some really
new laptop).
amazing tricks.
find sth quite/very/really easy (to do): I found some of the
TIPS • The if clause can be first or second in the sentence:
tricks quite easy to leam.
We'd lose a lot of customers if our website crashed.
manage to (do sth): I managed to do all the tricks without
If our website crashed, we'd lose a lot of customers.
messing them up.
• We can say If I/he/she/it was ... or If I/he/she/it were ... in
• These phrases talk about things you can't or couldn't do:
the second conditional: If I was/were rich, I'd buy a big house.
not have a clue how (to do sth): I didn't have a clue how to
sing opera. • We can use might + infinitive in the main clause of the
find sth impossible (to do): I found it impossible to breathe second conditional to mean 'would perhaps': If they tumed off
and sing at the same time. their computers, they might make some new friends.
be useless at (doing sth): I was use/ess at leaming languages • We can use could + infinitive in the main clause of the
at school.
second conditional to mean 'would be able to': If we didn't
have no idea how (to do sth): I had no idea how to do any
have online meetings, I could travel a bit more.
magic tricks.
be no good at (doing sth): I'm no good at doing card tricks. QUESTIONS
not be able to (do sth): I was disappointed that I wasn't able • We often make questions in the second conditional with
to win. What would you do if ... ?: What would you do if you lost
TIPS • We use manage to do sth to talk about something you do your laptop?
successfully, but is difficult. • We can also make yes/no questions in the second
• We can also say be brilliant/great/excellent/not bad at doing conditional: If someone asked you to lend them your
sth and be hopeless/bad/terrible/awful/rubbish at doing sth. computer, would you do it?
• We can also say find something difficult/hard to do. • The short answers to these yes/no questions are: Yes,
I would./No, I wouldn't. We can also say (Yes,) I might.
+ infinitive + infinitive with to + verb+ing
(do) (to do) (doing)
(not) be able to not have a clue how be quite/very/ ~------------------------------
can find something impossible/ really good at
could quite easy be useless at ••. Indirect and direct questions 7D p60
have no idea how be no good at • In more formal situations we often use indirect questions
know how manage because they sound more polite: Could you tell me what time
TIP • We can also use a noun or a pronoun after be good at, be it starts? sounds more polite than What time does it start?
useless at, etc.: Tim's hopeless at tennis, but lan's brílliant at it.
indirect question question word main clause
phrase or if/whether (positive verb form)
ID- Second conditional 7B p56 Could you tell me
••
what time it stárts?
• We use the second conditional to talk about imaginary Have you any ideea if he's been invited?
situations: If Ilost my laptop, I'd probably lose my job! (1 don't
Can you tell me when they're arrTving?
think this will ever happen to me.)
we've bo·oked them a
• The second conditional talks about the present or future. Do you knów whether
hotel room?
• We often use the second conditional to talk about the opposite
• We use if or whether in indirect questions when there isn't
of what is true or real: If we didn't have WiFi, this place would
a question word. If and whether are the same: Have you any
be empty (But we have WiFi, so this is an imaginary situation.)
idea if/whether we asked him to come?
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE
• We don't use if or whether with Do you think ... ?: Do you
if clause main clause think we should emaíl everyone again? not 00 yeu tRinle;//
(if + Past Simple) ('d, would or wouldn't + infinitive) vlhe#ler II/e sRou/d emaN e'o'epy'Oneagain?
If I lost my laptop, 111'd probably lose my job! • In indirect questions, the main verb is in the positive formo
If the internet didn't exist, I wouldn't have a business. We say: Can you tell me when they're arriving? not Can 'y'Ou
tel/ me wRen a.-=e#ley arrib'Íng?
~ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8ad weather and natural disasters COMMON COLLOCATIONS
p62 a bottle of milk, beer, ketchup, olive oil, lemonade

a bag of sweets, potatoes, crisps rUS: chips]
a tin of tuna, biscuits, cat food, soup, beans
a storm very bad weather with lots of rain, snow, wind, etc.:
a box of chocolates, tissues
There was a terrible storm last night.
a can of beer, lemonade
thünder the loud noise that comes from the sky during a storm:
Last night I was woken up by the thunder. Also: a thünderstorm a carton of milk, orange juice, soup
ITghtning a bright light in the sky caused by electricity during a storm, ajar of honey, jam, marmalade
usually followed by thunder: Aman was hit by lightning last night. a packet of biscuits, sweets, soup, beans, tissues, crisps
a gale a very strong wind: There will be gales in the south tonight. TIPS· We usually use a fin for food (a tin oftomatoes)
a hürricane (= a typho·on /taI'fu:n/ or a cyclone) a violent storm
and a can for drink (a can of cola).
with extremely strong winds: Oozens of houses were destroyed by
last night's hurricane. • Marma/ade is made from citrus fruit (oranges, etc.).
• •
a tornado (US: a twister) an extremely strong and dangerous wind Jam is made from soft fruit (strawberries, etc.).
that blows in a circle and destroys buildings: There are often tornadas
in the Caribbean in the summer. •• Word building (2): prefixes and
a he·atwave a period of unusually hot weather that continues for a
10nQ,time: The heat wave in Texashas been going on for over a month.
opposites 8C p67
a blizzard a very bad snow storm with strong winds: We got stuck • We often use the prefixes un-, dis-, im-, in- and ir- to
in a blizzard for slx hours. make opposites of words.
a flood /flAd/ when a lot of water covers an area that is usually dry,
especially when it rains a lot or a river beca mes too full: There have prefix examples
been üoods in many parts of India. uncónsclous unúsual uncórnrnon unbelievable
an e·arthquake !'3:8kwelk/ a sudden violent movement of the un-
unselfish unreliable unambitious unhelpful
Earth's surface, often causing a lot of damage: In 1906 parts of San
Francisco were destroyed by a huge earthquake. disappsar dishónest disorganised
dis-
a tsunámi an extremely large wave that can cause a lot of damage disloyal dissTmilar
when it hits the coast: The tsunami in Asia was one of the most im- impossible ímpátíent impo~te ímrnatúre
powerful ever recorded.
a drought /draut/ a long period of time with no rain and not in- mcorréct inconsTderate informal insensitive
----+--
enough water for plants and animals: The drought in north Africa has ir- irrespónsible irregular
continued for over six months.
a landslide when a large quantity of rocks and earth falls down TIPS • We can use these prefixes to make opposites of
the side of a mountain: The landslide closed the road through the adjectives and verbs: unconscious, dishonest (adjectives);
mountains for over a month. undo, disappear (verbs).
• Adjectives beginning with p usually take the prefix im-:
TIPS • The adjective for storm is stormy: It was a very stormy night. patient -+ impatient.
• We say thunder and lightning not /ighming and YJunder. • Adjectives beginning with r usually take the prefix ir-:
• Flood is a noun and a verb: The whole vil/age was flooded. responsible -+ irresponsible.
IIJ> Containers 88 p64 •• Word building (2): other prefixes

and suffixes 8C p67
• We often use other prefixes and suffixes to change the
meaning of words.
prefix/
suffix
I .
meanmg examples
------~--------~!-----.---
underestimate underpaid
•
I not enough
a bottle a bag a tin a box under-
do something
.
underchárqe underúse
'.--'.~---
reattach repaid rewrite
_r_e_-_--!I _a.:;.g_ai_n -+ rechárqe rernárry replay reuse
i
¡ • •
over-optimistic overpaid
over- too much
t.h hopeful
-. .
oversleep overchárqe overuse
-.-- painful careful
-fui
successful playful useful
---~----~,~---~.~--------
a can a cárton ajar a pácket harmless painless
-Iess without
sleoepless careless useless
~ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
••• The passive 8A ' p63 SOME, ANY, MUCH, MANY
subject verb • We usually use some in positive sentenees: I've found some
active I arthquakes under the oeean -----+-:::::;oo~""""'=:--- coffee.
• We usually use any in negative sentenees and questions:
subject by + agent There isn't any sugar. Is there any milk?
are eaused by earthquakes under • We don't usually use much or many in positive sentenees:
passive Tsunamis
the oeean. There's a lot of stuff here. not TheFe's FAucf:¡stufff:¡eFe.
I've got lots of old books. not f've got FA8Fl'y'old booifs.
• In active sentenees the foeus is on the person or thing
doing the aetion (earthquakes under the oeean). In passive TIPS • We use some and any with plural eountable nouns
sentenees the foeus is on the result of the aetion (tsunamis). (biscuits, beans, ete.) and uneountable nouns (pasta, mí/k, ete.).
• In passive sentenees we ean use 'by + the agent' to say • We often use some in questions with Would you líke ... ?:
what or who does the aetion. Would you like some coffee?
• We often use the passive when we are more interested in
what happens to someone or something than in who or what ~------------------------------
did the aetion: Droughts often happen because all the trees
have been cut down. ••• Warnings and advice 80 p68
• We make the passive with: subject + be + past participle • We give wamings when we think something might be dangerous.
verb form I be past participle asking tor advice

Present Simple ; am/are/is caused Could you give me some adviee?
• •
What (else) do you think
• ••
we should take with us?
Present Continuous am/are/is being caused
What sho~ld we do if we get lost?
Present Perfeet Simple have/has been cut down Do you thi nk it's a go·od ide·a to tell sómsone
Past Simple was/were killed where we're going?
be going to am/are/is going to be hit giving advice
will will be flooded

• • • ••
It I were you, I'd buy a new tent.
Make sure you take plenty of warm clothes.
can can be caused
It's a go·od ide·a to take some waterproof clothing
• We make negative passive sentenees by using the negative in case it rains.
form of be: it isn't caused, they haven't been cut down, ete. Don't torget to take a map.
It's worth taking a eompass, just in case.
TIP • We ean use other modal verbs (could, must, should, ete.)
You'd better take a toreh in ease you have to walk
in passive verb forms: Many people could be made homeless.
in the dark.
E!J. Quantifiers 88 . p65 . .. ..

giving warnings
.~
Don't wear new boots or else J'0u'lI get bhsters.
quantity plural countable nouns uncountable nouns Whatever you do, don't lose sight of eaeh other.
(bottles, tins, ete.) (rubbish, stuff, etc.) Be caretul when you're crossing rivers.
Watch out tor wolves.
not any not any
nothing
no no responding to advice or warnings
not many not much That's re·allyuseful, thanks.

hardly any a bit of That's a aood ide·a. I hadn't tho·ught of that.
a small quantity
several hardly any
• •• •••
Right, thanks. That's really helpful.
a few a little
•• • •
That sounds like good adviee.
•
a lot ofllots of a lot ofllots of • After If 1were you, I'd ... and You'd better ... (= you had better)
a large quantity loads of loads of we use the infinitive: If 1were you, I'd tlliY. a new tent. You'd
plenty of plenty of better take a torch.
more than we want too many too mueh • After It's a good idea ... and Don't forget ... we use the
less than we want not enough not enough intinitive with to: It's a good idea to take some waterproof
clothing. Don't forget to take a map.
the eorreet quantity enough enough
• After It's worth ... , we use verb+ing: It's worth taking a compass.
• Not many, hardly any and not much have a negative
meaning. Several, a few, a bit of and a líttle have a positive • After Whatever you do, ... we use the imperative (usually
meaning. Several is usually more than a few. the negative imperative): Whatever you do, don't lose sight of
each other.
~----------------------------------------------------------------------
IEIJ. Health 9A p71 IIJ> Body movements and responses
9C p74
A sürgeon ¡'s3:d3;m/ is a doctor who does operations.
An operating theatre is the place where you have an operation.
Asthma ¡'ceSffi;)/ is an illness which makes it difficult for you to
breathe.
A speeialist is a doctor who knows a lot about one area of
medicine.
The A&E department is the part of a hospital where you go if
you have an emergency. (A&E = Accident and Emergency)
An allergy ¡'ce1;)d3r:/ is a medical problem that some people cry laugh smile yawn
get when they eat, breathe or touch certain things.
A mlgraine is an extremely painful headache that/whích can
also make you feel sick.
A ward is a big room with beds in a hospital where patients
receive medical treatment.
A sürgery ¡'s3:d3;)rr:/ is a building or an office where you can
go and ask a GP or a dentist for medical advice.
A GP is a doctor who/that gives medical treatment to people
wave shiver blush stretch
who/that live in a particular area. (GP = general practitioner)
A preserrption is a piece of paper that/whích the doctor gives
you so that you can get the medicine you need.
An infeetion is a disease in part of your body that/whích is
caused by bacteria or a virus.
TIP • We can also say that we are allergic /;)1'3:d3rk/ to

something: My sister is allergic to nuts. scratch crawl frown sweat
IIJ. Collocations (3): the news 9B p72 TIP. If you have an itch, you want to scratch it.
pay off a debt meet a target
take part in a dernonstrátíon discover something new lit Connecting words 9C p75
protest agáinst something accept/reject an offer • Although /;,:1'5;)u/, even though /r:v;)n'5;)u/, despite,
take somebody to hospital 90 on strike in spite of and however are similar in meaning to but.
publish a report call off a strTke
• We use although, even though, despite and in spite of to
contrast two clauses in the same sentence: Although/
a debt /det/ money which is owed to somebody else:
Even though we don't enjoy crying, it's actually good for uso
The company has huge debts. Also: be in debt
Oespite/ln spite of appearing rude, they could be yawning so
payoff pay back money you owe to a bank, a person, etc.:
A lot of countríes are fíndíng it hard to pay off theír debts. they can lis ten more closely to what you're saying.
a dernonstrátíon when a group of people stand or walk • We use however to contrast two sentences. We put a
somewhere to show that they disagree with or support comma ( , ) after however: Scientists have shown that people
something: 30,000 people took part in the demonstratíon.
are more likely to forgive you if you blush. However, people
protést say or show that you disagree with something: A large
might not forgive you so easily if you don't blush at alll
crowd were protestíng agaínst the war.
a target something you want to achieve: The company has • After despite and in spite ofwe usually use a noun or
already met its sales target for the year. verb+ing: In spite of this knowledge, ... ; Oespite appearing
dlscóvsr find information, a place or an object for the first time: rude, ...
Scíentísts have díscovered a new way to predíct earthquakes.
rejeet not accept: The workers rejected the pay offer. • After although and even though we usually use a clause:
a strike a period of time when people don't go to work Although/Even though we don't enjov crving, ...
because they want more money, better working conditions, etc.: TIPS • Even though is usually stronger than although.
The postal workers' stríke ís now ín íts fífth day.
eall sth off cancel something that was planned: The match • We can put although, even though, despite and in spite of at
was called off because of bad weather. the beginning or in the middle of a sentence. We usually put
however at the beginning of a sentence.
TIP • People who take part in a demonstration are called • In spoken English, we often use though /5;)u/ instead of
demonstrators. People who protest against something are called
although or even though. We usually put though at the end of
protesters. a sentence: Al enjoyed the film. B Me too. I dídn't Iike the
ending, though.
11
11I Health problems, symptoms and ~ --------------------------------
treatment 90 p76
•• Relative clauses with who, that, which,
health asthma an allergy hay fever flu a migraine whose, where and when 9A . p71
problems i an inféction a vTrus fo·od poisoning a cold
• We often use relative clauses to say which person, thing,
a runny nóse a blocked-up nóse wheezy
• • •
sneeze be sick throw up a sore throat /8faut!
place, etc. we are talking about.
symptoms • In relative clauses we use:
a témperature !'teffipratSa/ a cough /kof!
a rash diarrhoea a stomach ache !'stAffiakelk/ a who or that for people: The woman who I was sharing
antibiótics penicillin painkillers aroom with ... . i'm the type of person that eats three
treatment mea/s a day.
paracétamol co·ugh medicine
b that or which for things: The food that we usually eat
contains toxins which stay in our bodies.
hay fever an illness with symptoms similar to a cold that is
caused by flowers or grass in the spring and summer. e where for places: I was taken to the guest house where
a virus !'VaIfas/ a very smallliving thing which can cause everyone was staying.
illnesses, disease and infections. d whose for possessives: The woman whose fasting
fo·od poisoning when you eat some food that is bad and programme we were following ....
makes you ill.
e when for times: This was a/so when I started getting
a runny nose when your nose produces liquid all the time,
really hungry.
usually when you have a cold.
a blocked-up nose when you can't breathe through your nose. TIPS • We usually use who for people (that is also correct).
whe·ezy when you breathe noisily and with difficulty,
• We usually use that for things (which is also correct).
particularly when you have asthma or an allergy.
sneeze when you blow air down through your nose suddenly, • We don't use what in relative clauses: rhe food vlhat >'le
for example when you have a cold. usua/ly eat .... We can use what to mean 'the thing/things that':
throw up (informal) be sick, vomit. Now l'm much more careful about what I eat. (= the things that
díarrnoea /dala'na/ when you have to go to the toilet all I eat).
the time.
a rash a group of small red spots on the skin, often caused by LEAVING OUT WHO, THAT, WHICH
allergies, that you want to scratch. • We can leave out who, that or which when it isn't the subject
peniclllin /pena'sdan/ a type of antibiotic. of the relative clause.
paracétarnol /prera'si:taffiol! a type of painkiller.
• Compare the relative clauses in these sentences:
A /'m the type of person that eats three mea/s a dav.
TIPS • We can say I've got a stomach ache. or l've got
stomach ache. We can also say l've got a toothache. or l've got In this sentence we must use that because it is the subject of
toothache. and l've got a headache. but not !'ve got headache. the relative clause.
B The food (thatJ we usually eat contains toxins.
• We can use be sick to mean 'be ill' or 'vomit/throw up'.
In American English, be sick is more common than be iI/: In this sentence we can leave out that because it is the object
Sorry, I can't come to work today. I'm ill. (UK) /'m sick. (US) of the relative clause (we is the subject).
• Sneeze is a noun and a verbo When a person sneezes, we TIPS • We never leave out whose in relative clauses.
often say Bless youf. • We can usually leave out where if we add a preposition at the
end of the relative clause: That's the café where / met my wife.
-+ That's the café / met my wife in.
• We can only leave out when if the time reference is clear:

Monday's the day (when) I play tennis.
hay fever
That's the man who That's the house where

a stórnach ache painkillers cough medicine stole my phone! I was born.
11
~ Present Perfect Simple active and ~ --------------
passive for recent events 98 ' p73
• We use the Present Perfect Simple for giving news about
IJI. What doctors say 90 p76
something that happened a short time ago, but we don't Now, what seems to be the problem?
say exactly when. How long have you been feeling like this?
World leaders have met to discuss the global economy Do you know if you're allergic to anything?
A new report on the environment has just been published. What have you eaten recently?
Come back if you're not feeling better in two days.
• We make the Present Perfect Simple active with:
Have you been taking anything for them?
I/you/we/they + 've, have or haven't + past participle
Have you got any other symptoms?
he/she/it + 's, has or hasn't + past participle
Right, let me have a look at you.
The UK has failed to meet its targets. I'm just going to take your temperature.
We haven't met our targets yet. Here's a prescription for some painkillers.
• We make the Present Perfect Simple passive with:
I/you/we/they + 've, have or haven't + been + past ~ What patients say 90 p76
participle
I'm not fe·eling véry well.
he/she/it + 's, has or hasn't + been + past participle
I haven't been feeling very wéll recently.
At least forty people have been arrested. I've got a terrible stórnach ácne.
Some of the items still haven't been examined. My chest hurts.
• We often use passive verb forms in radio and TV news I keep getting re-ally bad headaches.
reports and newspaper articles. I cán't stop sneezing.
I'm allergic to penicTllin.
• When we say the exact time something happened, we must
Do I ne-ed some antibiótics?
use the Past Simple active or passive: Gareth Jones found
the treasure five days ago. Hów often should I take them?
Do I neaedto rnáke anóther appointment?
JUST, YET, ALREADY, STlLL
• We use I keep ... and I can't stop ... for things that happen
• We use just to say something happened a short time ago.
lots of times. We don't want these things to happen.
We put just after the auxiliary: The ministers have just had a
meeting. A new report has just been published. • After I keep ... and I can't stop ... we use verb+ing: I keep
waking up at night. I can't stop sneezing.
• We use yet to say something hasn't happened, but we
think it will happen in the future. We put yet at the end of the TIPS· We can use -ache to talk about a pain in your head,
sentence or clause: We haven't met our targets yet. Why tooth, stomach, back or ear (headache, toothache, stomach
haven't we heard anything from the government yet? ache, backache, earache): /'ve got a terrible headache.
• We use already to say something happened some time in • For other parts of the body, we use My ... hurts: My knee
the past, maybe sooner than we expected. We put already hurts. not I've got Imeeache.
after the auxiliary: Experts have already examined most of the • We can also say I've got a pain in my ... : /'ve got a pain
items. CO2 has already been reduced by 2.7%. in myknee.
• We use still to say something started in the past and
continues in the present. We put stil! before the auxiliary:
Some of the items stil! haven't been examined.
TlPS • We don't use just or already in negative sentences:

/'ve just seen him. not I haw)R'tjust seen him.; The meeting has
already finished. not The meeting hasn't airead}' finished.
• We don't use yet in positive sentences: She hasn't told him
yet. Has she told him yet? but not She's told him j'et.
• We only use stil! in negative sentences with the Present
Perfect Simple: Some of the items still haven't been examined.
not Some of the items stH.'ha~ been eJ(amined.
~-------------------------------------------------------------
lIiIt Contacting people 10A p78 ••. Phrasal verbs (3): meanings
10C p82
get hold of sb contact somebody, often with difficulty: Oid
you manage to get hold of Mrs Edwards?
get o·ut of sth avoid doing something you don't want to do:
let sb know sth tell somebody some information: Let me know
I tried to get out of the whole thing.
when you get there.
get over sth feel better after you have been unhappy or ill:
be in to·uch /tAtJ/ with sb communicate regularly with
Olivia got over her last three divorces quite quickly.
somebody by phone, email, letter, etc.: Are you still in touch
go úp increase or rise: The number of divorces in the UK is still
with any of your old school friends?
goingup.
lose to·uch with sb not be in touch with somebody any more,
look sth úp find some information in a book or on a computer:
usually beca use they have moved house, changed job, etc.:
Ilost touch with Tim after he moved to Australia.
point sth o·ut tell someone some information you think that they
keep in to·uch with sb or stay in to·uch with sb not lose touch
don't know or have forgotten: I didn't like to point this out to her.
with somebody: I hope we keep in touch while you're in the USA.
put sth off decide or arrange to do something at a later time:
get in to·uch with sb contact somebody by writing, emailing
She should put the wedding off.
or phoning them: I'm trying to get in touch with somebody from
fall o·ut (with sb) argue with somebody and stop being friendly
the office.
with them: You two have never fallen out.
come úp with sth think of an idea or a solution to a problem:
TIPS • We can say be/keep/lose/get in touch with somebody
I couldn't come up with a good enough excuse.
or be/keep/lose/get in contact with somebody: /'m still in split úp (with sb) end a marriage or relationship: I wondered
touch/contact with my old boss. how long it would be before Olivia and Tony split up.
• We can also say get back in touch with somebody, which come acróss sth find something by accident: I came across
means 'communicate with somebody again after a long time'. a newspaper reporto
lDt Describing people 108 p80

II!I:. Phrasal verbs (3): grammar
APPEARANCE 10C p83
n
• Phrasal verbs have two or three words: wake up, look after,
get on with, etc. Look at the differences between the four
types of phrasal verbs.
~ TYPE 1 phrasal verbs don't have an object (fall out, split up,
sho"ulder- straight hair cúrly hair wavy hair go up, etc.):
dyed hair
rm
You two have never fallen out.
length hair
TYPE 2 phrasal verbs always have an object (get over sth,
come across sth, etc.). The object is always after the
phrasal verb:
Olivia got over her divorces quickly.
~ Olivia got over them quickly.
her hair up a ponytail going bald a dark blue a light blue TYPE 3 phrasal verbs always have an object (look sth up,
/bJ:ld/ jacket jacket put sth off, point sth out, etc.). If the object is a noun, you
m~~"D
can put it in the middle or after the phrasal verb:
Ilooked up some figures.
: b:f"'bJ <!1 If the object is a pronoun, you must put it in the middle of
~ ©~ the phrasal verb:
a striped a flowery a plain shirt glasses jewellery Ilooked them up. not I!oo/fOd up #lem.
tie dress !'d3u:a1ri:/ TYPE 4 phrasal verbs have three words and always have an
object (get out of sth, come up with sth, etc.). The object is
AGE always after the phrasal verb:
• We often use in his/her teens/early twenties/mid-thirties/ I tried to get out of the whole thing.
late forties, etc. to tal k about someone's approximate age. I tried to get out of it.
Tlp· We use The person/man/woman/one with ... + (red) hair, Tlp· We can sometimes add a preposition to some type 1
glasses, a beard, etc., but The person/man/woman/one in ... phrasal verbs to make them type 4 phrasal verbs: /'ve never
+ clothes: She's the woman with long wavy hair and glasses. fallen out with my brother. Georgina has just split up with
He's the one in a blue suit. her boyfriend.
~-------------------------------- • To make deductions about something happening now
we use: modal verb + be + verb+ing
He must be ta/king to some guests in the other room.
EIt was/were going to, was/were
TIP • We don't use can or mustn't to make deductions:
supposed to 10A p79
lt cou/d be him. not It eaR be him. He can't be a millionaire.
• We use was/were going to to talk about plans we made in not f=Ie fflf:JStR't be a fflilkonaire.
the past which didn't happen, or won't happen in the future.
Look at these sentences.
We were going to visit the Brad/eys /ater that year, but we ~------------------------------
didn't go for some reason.
(They planned to visit the Bradleys, but they didn't.) EIt Asking for, giving and refusing
We were going to spend our anniversary in the cottage permission 100 p84
in Wa/es where we had our honeymoon, but it was
ASKING FOA PEAMISSION
a/ready booked.
(They planned to spend their anniversary in the cottage in Can I (make myself some breOakfast)?
Wales, but now they aren't going to go there.) May I (üse your washing machine)?
Do you mind if I (bórrow a jümper)?
• We use was/were supposed to to talk about things we
agreed to do, or other people expected us to do, but we
Is it OK
if I (üse your laptop to upload some photos)?
Would you mind if I (bórrowed your cár sórne time this week)?
didn't do. Look at these sentences. Do you thrnk I could (üse your landline to call my párents)?
Tom was supposed to book the cottage months ago,
• After Can / ... ?, May / ... ? and 00 you think / cou/d ... ? we
but he forgot.
use the infinitive: May / use your phone?
(Tom agreed to book the cottage, but he didn't book it.)
/ was supposed to call you back, wasn't /? Sorry, Leo, • After 00 you mind if / ... ? and /s it OK if / ... ? we use the
/ was out all day. Present Simple: 00 you mind if / watch TV? /s it OK if /
(Leo expected his mother to call him back, but she didn't.) borrow your bike?
• After was/were going to and was/were supposed to we use • After Wou/d you mind if / ... ? we use the Past Simple:
the infinitive: /t was going to be a surprise party. Wou/d you mind if / used your motorbike this weekend?
/ was supposed to call you back. GIVING PEAMISSION
Tlp· We often use was/were going to or was/were supposed to • We usually give permission by saying: Yes, of course.;
to apologise for not doing something. We usually give a reason: Sure, go ahead.; He/p yourse/f., etc.
Sorry, / was going to call you back /ast night, but / didn't get • 00 you mind if / ... ? and Wou/d you mind if / ... ? mean 'Is it
home until/ate. a problem if 1do this?'. To give permission for these phrases,
ea. Modal verbs (2): making deductions we usually say: No, not at al/o (= lt's not a problem for me if
you do this.) Compare these conversations.
108 p81 A Can / make myse/f a sandwich?
B Yes, of course.
• We often use the modal verbs must, might, could, may and
can't to make deductions in the present. 2 A 00 you mind if / make myse/f a sandwich?
• We use must to tal k about something that we believe is true: B No, not at all.
He must be ta/king to some guests in the other room. He AEFUSING PEAMISSION
must know that speech by now. • We don't usually say no to refuse permission because it
• We use could, may or might to talk about something that isn't polite.
we think is possibly true: He might be in the bathroom. • To refuse permission politely, we often say Sorry, ... or
He may want to be on his own for a bit. He cou/d be picking Actually, then we give a reason: Actually, / was just going
oo.
peop/e up from the station. /t cou/d be the guy that moved to put some washing in. Sorry, it's on/y insured for Rebecca
to New York. and myse/f.
• We use can't to tal k about something that we believe isn't
TIPS • We can also ask permission for other people to do
true: That can't be her real hair cotour. He can't be having
things: Can John stay for dinner? /s it OK if Luis uses your
a cigarette.
computer?
• When we know something is definitely true, or is definitely not
• Wou/d you mind if / ... ? is a very polite way to ask for
true, we don't use a modal verb: He's practising his speech
permission. We often use this phrase if we don't know the other
in front of the mirror. No, that isn 't oerek Brad/ey.
person very well or if we have a big favour to ask: Wou/d you
• To make deductions about states we use: mind if / stayed for a few days?
modal verb + infinitive
• We can also use Cou/d / ... ? or /s it all right if / ... ? to ask for
He must know that speech by now.
permission: Cou/d / borrow your pen? /s it all right if / sit here?
~------------------------------------------------------------------
lIIt Things people do at work 11A p86 IIEJ Reporting verbs 11C p90
have a lot of responsibility run a depártrnent e
work unsocial hours be responsible for the finances invite ask somebody to go to an event (a meal, a concert, etc.):
sort out people's próblerns deal with cústorners/cjents "Wauld yau like ta have dinner with us tanight?" -+ He invited
organise cónterences arrange.meeetings her ta have dinner with them.
do overtime work shifts offer ask someone if they would like you to do something for
them: "Can I give you a lift hame?" -+ He affered ta give her
go for an audition be in charge of a company
a lift hame.
admit agree that something is true, especially when you don't
unsocial hoeurs the times of the day or week when most want to: "lt's true. /'m madly in lave with you." -+ He admitted
people don't have to work, for example at night, at the weekend, being madly in lave with her.
etc.: /'m fed up with working unsacial haurs. refüse say you won't do or accept something: "1 wan't drive
overtime the time you work after the usual time needed or yau bome," -+ He refused ta drive her hame.
expected in a job: We get paid more far warking avertime. promise tell somebody you will certainly do something: ''/'11 ga
an audition /:>:'d¡S;m/ when someone does a short an a date with you," -+ She promised to go an a date with him.
performance to try and get a job as an actor, singer, etc.: agreee accept a suggestion or idea: "OK, /'11 have dinner with
Huga's just gane far an audition for a part in a TV drama. you," -+ She agreed ta have dinner with him.
run a department organise or manage a part of a business, suggest saya possible plan, action or idea for other people
company, school, etc.: She's been running the advertising to think about: "Let's meet at the gallery at seven." -+ He
department far twa years. suggested meeting at the gallery at seven.
tinances !'famrensaz/ the money that a company or person remind make somebody think of something they have
has: This department is respansible far the campany's finances. forgotten: "Don't farget to bring the money." -+ He reminded
a shift a period of work in a hospital, factory, etc.: Ambulance him ta bring the maney.
drivers usually have ta wark shifts. warn tell somebody about a possible problem or danger, often
be in charge of sth be responsible for a group of people, or in the future: "Don't tell anyane about our plan." -+ He warned
an activity: He's in charge af 15 peaple in his department. him nat to tell anyane abaut their plan.
threeaten tell somebody you will hurt, kill or cause problems for
Tlp· You can do overtime or work overtime. them if they don't do what you want. "/'11 kill you if anything goes
wrong." -+ He threatened ta kill him if anything went wrong.
IIIJ Adjectives (3): jobs 118 p88

A demanding job needs a lot of time and energy. •••• Verb patterns (2): reporting verbs
In a well-paid job you earn a lot of money.
In a badly-paid job you don't earn very much money. 11C p90
You have a temporary job for just a short time. • We often use verbs like offer, invite, etc. to report what
You have a permanent job for a long time. people sayo These verbs are followed by different verb
If you have a füll-time job, you work every day in the working patterns.
week (usually Monday to Friday).
If you have a part-time job, you only work part of the week. invite remind warn
I + object + (nat) + infinitive with to
If you have a strésstul job, you worry about it a lot. ....J (sb/sth (nat) to do) _
A challenging job is very difficult, but in an enjoyable way. offer refuse promise + (not) + infinitive with to
A rewarding job makes you feel satisfied when you do it well. agree threaten ((not) to do)
In a repéttttve job you do the same things again and again.
admit suggest + verb+ing
If you have a lonely job, you work on your own and don't see or
(doing)
talk to many people.
A glamorous job is very exciting and attractive because it is Rupert invited her to have dinner with his family.
connected with fame or success. Dom offered to give Kat a lift home.
A dull job is very boring. Dom admitted being madly in love with Kat.
TIP • We can also say I work full-time. and I work part-time. TIPS • We don't have to report every word people sayo It's more
important to report the idea: "OK, it's true. I was the one who
crashed your car." -+ He admitted crashing her car.
• Some reporting verbs can have more than one verb pattern.
For example, after promise, agree, admit and suggest we can
also use that + clause: Kat promised (Oom) that she would go
out with him. Oom admitted that he was in love with Kat.
• We often use not with warn: Rupert warned Hendrick not to

tell anyone about their plan.
a stressful job a repétitive job
11I
~----------------------------------------------------------------------
lIIt Reported speech: sentences 11A . p87 • We sometimes use an object (me, him,
etc.) with ask: He asked (me) whether I was
• We use reported speech to tell someone what another person said.
available to start next week.
• We usually change the verb form in reported speech. Look at the table.
• The changes in the verb forms in reported
verb form in direct speech verb form in reported speech questions are the same as reported
I
Present Simple Past Simple sentences: "What other parts have you had
I still want to be in the She said she still wanted to be in the recently?" - He asked me what other parts
programme. I programme. I'd had recently.
Present Continuous Past Continuous REPORTED QUESTIONS

I'm having another operation She said that she was having another
He/She asked (me) t' d
on Friday. operation on Friday. ques Ion wor
He/She wanted to 'tI h th subject + verb
Present Perfect Simple Past Perfect know I w e er
I've already had one operation. She told me she'd already had one operation.
Past Simple
_1_w_a_s
I
Past Perfect
__in_a_c_a_r_a_c_c_id_e_n_t...J.I_S_h_e_s_a_ld_th_at
she'd been In a car accident.
He wanted to know where l'd studied acting.
He asked me if/whether I was working at the
moment.
am/are/is going to was/were going to
TIP • The word order in reported questions is the
They're going to start filming I told her they were going to start filming soon.
same as in positive sentences: I asked her where
soon.
her brother was. not! Bs!®d her 'Nhere was her
will would brother.
I won't be able to walk on it for She said she wouldn't be able to walk on it
a month. for a month.
can could
lIEt Reported speech: requests
I can't come to the meeting She told me she couldn't come to the and imperatives 118 : p89
on Monday. meeting on Monday. • To report requests, we use:
must hadto asked + object + (not) + infinitive with to
You must talk to Max. I told her that she had to talk to you. He asked me to come to a meeting on
SAYAND TELL Monday.
• To introduce reported speech we usually use say or tel!. • To report imperatives, we use:
• We never use an object (me, her, etc.) with say: He said (that) ... told + object + (not) + infinitive with to
• We always use an object (me, her, etc.) with tel!: He told me (that) ... He told me to be at their offices at ten.
He told me not to accept any more work.
• We don't have to use that after say and tel! in reported speech.
• Subject pronouns (/, he, etc.) and possessive adjectives (my, his, etc.) usually
change in reported speech: "We can't come to your party." - She told me
~ -----------
that they couldn't come to my party.
TIPS • The modal verbs could, should, would, might and ought to don't change
lIIt Checking information
in reported speech. 110 p92
• The Past Simple doesn't have to change to the Past Perfect. It can stay the asking someone to repeat information
same: "1met him in 2011." - She said she (had) met him in 2011.
• We don't have to change the verb form if the reported sentence is about
. .. .
Sarry, what did you say (your name) was aga'in?
~
Sorry, 1didn't get all of that.
something general, or something that is still in the future: "1 lo ve classical Could you say it again, plE3ase?
music." - I told him I lo ve classical music. And could you téll me (his sürname) again?
• • •• •
Sorry, 1 di~n't quite catch.that.
• We often change time expressions in reported speech: tomorrow - the next
Can you give it to me again, pie-ase?
day; next week - the fol!owing week; last week - the week before, etc.
checking the information you have is correct
•
- - .
••
lI:Et Reported speech: questions 118 ' p88 Is that (Crane) with a (C)?
Do you mean (this Wednesday)?
• We use reported questions when we want to tell someone what another • • •••••••
Is that spelt (N-i-e-I-s-e-n)?
person asked uso • •••
Are you talking about (the UK sales conference)?
• We don't use the auxiliaries do, does or did in reported questions: He asked
TIP - We can say I didn't quite catch that. or
if I had any acting work. not He Bslfed ir! did halle BAjeBCtiAg wor!c
I didn't quite get that.
• We use if or whether when we report yes/no questions: 'í1.reyou working at
the moment?" - He asked me iflwhether I was working at the moment.
~ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Informal words and phrases lfI) Phrases with get 128 p96
p94
...;g:....e_t_=
__re_c_e_iv_e_/_o_b~ta:_i-n___.-------I...:g'-e-t~=:-b-e-c_o_m
__e _
get something to eat/drink get lost
fancy (doing sth) want to do something:
get a job get depressed/angry
I really fancy going away this weekend.
get a message get fed üp with something
can't be bothered (to do sth) not want to do
get a present get better/worse at something
something because you don't have enough
energy or interest: I cen't be bothered to cook get a phóne call get older
this evening. get = travel/arrive other phrases with get
(not) feel üp to (doing sth) not feel well
get ha me get on well with someone
enough or have enough energy to do something:
get here/there get to know someone
I oon't feel up to going out after class.
get aróund get in to·uch with someone
be (completely) broke not have any money:
I'm completely broke at the momento get back from somewhere get " of something
rid
hang aro·und spend time somewhere, usually get to work get into tro"uble
for no particular reason: I often hang around for TIPS • We can use other adjectives with get: get upsetltiredlannoyed, etc.
a bit after class.
rübbi5h very bad quality: The last film I saw • We also use get to mean buy: Could you get me some bread from the shops?
was rubbish.
be (realiy) Into sth enjoy or like something: ~ Word building (3): word families (1) 12C p99
l'm really into yoga at the momento • We often make nouns and adjectives by adding suffixes (-ment, -ing, etc.)
be üp to sb it's your decision: lt's up to me to verbs.
when I take a holiday.
reckon think, have an opinion: I reckon 1'1Ido verb noun adjective
quite well in my next English test.
..
• I •
disappoint disappointment disappointed, disappo'inting
could do with want or need (food, drink, etc.): -------4
I could do with a few days off. eruoy I enjoyment enjoyable
be 51ck of (doing sth) be fed up with doing protéct protéctíon protéctíve
something: I'm sick ofworking so hard.
be off (to sornewhere) go to a place: l'm off to care care cáreful, cáreless
the cinema later. attráct attráctíon attráctlve
prefer preference preferable
TIP .I'm off. = t'm leaving now. Right, l'm off. •
entertain "
entertainment
•
entertaining
See you tomorrow.
relax relaxátion relaxing, relaxed
• We use these suffixes to make nouns: -ment, -ion, -ence, -ation.

• We use these suffixes to make adjectives: -ing, -ed, -able, -ive, -tui, -tess.
TIPS • Sometimes the verb and the noun are the same: They really care about
the environment. (verb); He puts a lot of care into his work. (noun)
• We often use -able to mean 'can': lt's an enjoyable film. = People can enjoy it.
• We use -fui to mean 'with'. We use -Iess to mean 'without'.
El) Word building (3): word families (2) 12C p99

verb noun adjective
create , creátíon ! creátíve
pollúte I pollútlon pollúted, pollüting
ernplóy ernplóyrnent I ernplóyed, ernplóyable
I •
embarras~ em_b:_a-rr-a-ss-m-e-nt---I.I-e-m-b...,.a-r-ra-s-s-e-d,-,
e_m_b_ar_r_as_s_in_g~
depend dependence depéndable
harm harm harmful, harmless
predTct I prediction predTctable
contúse contúslon I confüsing, contúsed
•
reserve reservátíon I reserved
Answer Key
~--------------------------------------------------
6C : p51
lfJJ Wishes 12A p94
• We often use / wish ... to talk about imaginary situations in the present or
HOW LUCKY ARE YOU?
the future.
16-18 points
• We often use sentences with / wish ... to tal k about the opposite of what is true or
You're very positive abour life and
real: / wish we had a car. (The woman hasn't got a car, but she would like to have
probably think rhar you're already
one.) a very lucky persono When rhings
• To make wishes about states we use wish + Past Simple: go badly, you don't worry too much
/ wish we had a car. / wish / was on a beach somewhere. beca use you know something good
is going to happen soon. Why don't
• To make wishes about activities happening now we use wish + Past Continuous:
you do the lottery next weekend -
/ wish you were coming to the theatre with me. you might win!
• To make wishes about abilities or possibilities we use wish + cou/d + infinitive: 13-15 points
/ wish / could come with you. You're quite a lucky person and
• To make wishes about obligations we use wish + didn't have to + infinitive: tend to look on the bright side of
life. You know lots of people and
/ wish we didn't have to go to this party.
have a ver y busy sociallife. Try to
TIPS • We can say / wish //he/she/it was ... or / wish //he/she/it were ... : do somerhing new every month and
/ wish / was taller. = / wish / were taller. make sure you have some rime to
yourself as well.
• We often use the second conditional to give reasons for wishes: / wish we had a car.
9-12 points
If we had one, / wouldn't spend ha/f my /ife waiting ter bus es.
You think you're lucky in some
• Notice the difference between / wish ... and / hope ... : parts of your life, bur nor in orhers,
A / wish you were coming to the party. and maybe you worry abour the
(1know that you aren't coming = imaginary situation) past and the furure too mucho Try to
B / hope you're coming to the party. enjoy the present a lirrle more and
listen to your hearr when you make
(1think that you might come = real possibility)
decisions, not just your head.
• We can also make sentences with wish with you/he/she/we/they: He wishes he lived 6-8 points
somewhere hotter. We wish we cou/d afford a holiday. You're nor ver y lucky ar rhe moment
and probably expecr rhings to ger
lEf) Third conditional 128 p97 worse, not better. Why nor rry to
meer some new people and take a
• We use the third conditional to talk about imaginary situations in the past.
few more chances in life? Whar's rhe
• We often use third conditionals to talk about the opposite of what really happened: worst that could happen?
/f I'd stayed at home, / wou/dn't have met my husband. (She didn't stay at home and
so she went to a party and met her husband.)
/f / hadn't /ost my iob, / wouldn't have started my own business. (He lost his job so he 108 . b p81
decided to start his own business.)
POSITIVE ANO NEGATIVE baseball cap: Nick Bradley

wedding photos: Peggy
if clause main clause
glasses case: Brenda Bradley
(if + Past Perfect) I ('d, wou/d or wou/dn't + have + past participle)
speech: Tom
If I'd stayed at home, I wouldn't have met my husband. earrings: Jane Lewis
If I hadn't started doing this, I'd have got into a lot more trouble. wedding ring: Sheila Jones
TIPS • As with other conditionals, in the third conditional the if clause can be first or football key ring: Leo
second in the sentence. We use a comma ( , ) when the if clause is first: driving test book: Karen
London book: Brenda Bradley
If / hadn't won that rece, I'd never have become a serious ath/ete.
wallet: Derek Bradley
/'d never have become a serious ath/ete if / hadn't won that race.
watch: Trevor Jones
• We can use cou/d have in the main clause of the third conditional to talk about ability:
If I'd been there, / cou/d have he/ped you.
• We can also use might have in the main clause of the third conditional to mean
'would have perhaps': If you hadn't got /ost, we might have got there on time.
• We don't usually use wou/d in the if clause: If I'd known, /'d have to/d you. not
Ir IWBl:Jld {¡ave known, I'd hm'O to/d you.
• In spoken English we can say I'd have !'a¡dClvl or / wou/d've la! 'wudav/ in the main
clause: "t wou/d've got into a /ot more troub/e if / hadn't started doing thls."
Audio and Video Scripts
ra:D1 ra:D3 E
...
Yes I do some animation on my laptop.
FIONA What makes me happy? Well, I love

doing yoga, that's very important to me and
I do it every day. I'm also a yoga teacher and
I teach classes three times a week. 1really
I don't often visit my grandmother. No one
in my family likes tennis. My mum hasn't
lost her mobile. I don't think I'll buy a new
phone. I There's no doctor in the village. I
P
E
.'
Sure.
.
Maybe I should go somenrne.
..
• I'lllet• you know
meeting IS.
Gn~at, thanks.
• w h·en t he next
•
A Well, ¡'ve jüst j;ined a gle·eclüb.

enjoy teaching and it never really feels like None of my friends have got cars. I Neither
P Er, whks a glee clüb? •
work. And 1 love spending time with my of my brothers likes cooking. There's no
A Basically it's a clüb for pe·ople who like
son Leo, of course. He's nearly seven now milk in the fridge. • ".
singing and dancmg. We e hoose
• "
some
and it's wonderful watching him grow up.
At the moment he's playing a video game ra:D4
SALLY Sorry I'm 1ate. DidI you get
songs and then learn the words and
dance steps, and at the end of rhe year
- it's amazing how good he is, he's much • • my texto
• ~
we're going
• to put • on" a per f·ormance
better than 1am and he beats me every time. PETER Hi, Sally. Yes, I've ordered you rhe
Er, what else? Well, 1 lave having a lie-in,
".
vegetanan pizza.
, for charity.
P Oh. Are you any o·od?
which doesn't happen very often, as you can S Great, thanks a loto
imagine! But last Sunday Leo stayed with his ERIC Were you working late?
A OK
ell, I'm at singing, bur I'm not the
best dancer in the world. They always püt
grandparents, so my husband and I didn't get s No, 1go to a drama clüb on Mondays. me near the back!
up till midday. It was heaven! ALICE 1 d!dn't know you've jo·ined a drama
E Go" on,
• give ~ us a song,
• h"
ten.
clüb.
MAXIE Well, um, playing guitar makes A No,• I couldn't
• sing
• h·ere, I'd b e too
•
me happy. 1 got my first guitar when 1 was S I only j;ined a few weeks ago, but I'm
embárrassed. Oh, lo·ok, here comes the
twelve and now I'm in a band at uni. I srarted really enjoying it.
food.
P So what do you do exactly?
writing my own songs about two years ago S That was lücky!
S Well, first • we choose • a play, • t hen t h· ree
and, er, so far I've written about twenry-five
songs. Our band isn't famous or anything,
but we play every weekend, usually at local
months later we püt it on at the local
theatre. We don't get pa"id or anything,
~1
REBECCA
ra:Ds
I'm really looking forward to
pubs or parties, and there's always a really it's jüst for fün.
meeting Lisa's new boyfriend. She was
A And what play are you working on at the
good atmosphere. Oh, and last month 1put telling me all about him last weekend.
a video of the band on YouTube and so far moment?
He sounds really nice. They're ver y late,
it's got over 20,000 hits, which is fantastic! S It's a comedy called The Best Years af our
though.
Lives. It's very fÜnny. I playa confiised
Er, what else? Well, 1love visiting new place s CHARLIE They'll be here soon, I'm sure.
- that makes me happy too. I've been to six old lady who's fed üp with h~r hüsband.
LISA Ah, here they are. Hi, Rebecca. Hello,
countries so far, and maybe one day we'll P Well, that sho·uldn't be to·o difficult.
Charlie. How are you?
play gigs all over the world - now that would S Hey!
R We're fine, thanks.
E I'd love to come and see you onstáge.
be amazing! L And how's the most beautiful baby in the
A Yeah, me to·o.
What makes me happy? Well, world?
CAROLINE
S Hm, I'm not •• sure about e t h·
ato I'd f·l •
ee very
1really enjoy going to art galleries with my C Hi, you must be Daniel. I'm Charlie and
nervous if I knew you were all watching
twin sister, Mary. We go to an exhibition this is Rebecca.
me. An • way, how e, s your b 00 • k e l"b
u
together once or twice a month and we . DANIEL Hi, nice ro meet you. You live next
g;ing, Eric?
always have a wonderful time. Another rhing door to Lisa, don't you?
E Oh, it's go·ing very well, thanks.
that makes me really happy is working in the C Yes, Ido.
P So what do you do in your bo"ok clüb?
garden. I've always loved growing plants and D How long have you lived in this village?
E Well every month someone cho·oses a
flowers, ever since I was a little girl, and this • ' and we all ••. read ir. T h·en we meet •• up C Oh, about three years now. It's a really
book
year I've started a small vegetable garden. We nice place to live - apart from rhe noisy
a month later at someone's house and talk
often have friends round for dinner and it's neighbours, of course.
abo·ut what we tho·ught of the bo·ok.
nice to eat things we've grown ourselves. But L Hey! You're the ones with the baby that
S With lots of fo·od and drink, probably.
1 don't do the cooking, my husband does all cries all night.
E es of co·urse. That's the best bit!
that - it's one of the things that makes him R Yeah, that's true. So, Daniel, you're from
A Do ~ou always read the bdoks?
happy. 1just do the eating! Hm, what else? London originally, aren't you?
E es ... well, I try to, but I don't always
Well, seeing our grandchildren, of course. D Yes, that's right. I moved out to the
finish them. Sometimes I jüst read the last
They visit us most weekends and we love country about two years ago.
• to see •• what h·appene d m i t h·e en d.
.,.
page
every minute we spend with them. R So where do you live now?
P Well , my brother rüns .an animátion clüb,
D In Renfield - you know, about 20 miles
ra:D2
Whereabouts do you /d<lj<l/live? How long
which is quite mteresnng.
S whks that abo·ut?
away.
C Yes, I know it. And how did you and Lisa
P It's for people who like making animated
have you /h<lvj<l/lived there? Who lives with • ••• short cartoons, t h'mgs meet?
films - you know,
you? What time do you /d<lj<l/get up on • • • b D Well, my brother Alex used to share a flat
you might see on YouTu e.
Sundays? Why are you /<lj<l/studying with Lisa's sister Barbara when they were
A Are you a member?
English? Where did you /dld3<1/ go on students.
P No but I've be·en to a co·uple of meeetings.
holiday last year? How many countries have , ••• fun. People watc "h· eac h C Barbara went to Liverpool university,
They're great
you /h<lvj<l/ visited? Who emails you the didn't she?
other's ilms and then talk abo·ut how
most? What did you /d¡d3<1/ do yesterday L Yes, she did. Anyway, last month Alex
they made them. •
evening? I What are you /<lj<l/planning to do invited me and my sister to his birthday
S You're interested in that sort of thing,
next weekend? aren't you, Eric?
• party, which is where I rnet Daniel.
R And what do you do, Daniel?
D I work for a water sports company.
I teach sailing, canoeing, diving - that
KIM I thought it was very interesting and
quite funny in place s too,
I rmt10
SOrt of thing. P And what about you, Rob? ANSWERS 2 I must 3 Are you able to
L You've been diving, haven't you? ROB Well, as soon as I finished ir, I decided 4 I'm supposed ro 5 don't have ro 6 Are you
e No, I haven't, actually. Ir sounds a bit too rhat I must take more time off work. allowed to 7 can 8 have to 9 ought to
dangerous to me. K Yes, me too. Honoré says people should 10 have to 11 mustn't
D Oh, it's not really, not if you know what only work 35 hours a week.
rmt12
you're doing. And what do you do,
Charlie?
e I work for Getaway Holidays, you know,
P And do you think thar's a good idea?
K Yes, definitely. Firstly, a lor of people are
unemployed rhese days, as we know, so
. .
I'm blogging from a b~sy stre·et food m~rket.
I'm sirting in one of M~xico City's b~sy
the package tour company. It's a boring if everyone worked fewer hours, it might p~rks. Now I'm writing a bo·ok abo·ut street
office job, really, but the money's OK. create more jobs. fo·od. We're working in M~xico for a few
D Oh, right. R But according to Honoré, people are days. My bl~g is becoming more popular
L Well, I know something you two have got already working less in some countries. every year. More pe·ople are visiting
mcommon. For example, Germans spend 15% less Th:iland on holiday these days.
D Oh, what's that?
L You both support Manchester United. P
time at work now than in 1980.
Honoré also believes that we ought to rmt13 = weak
e Really? Well, you'll have to come round spend more time with our families. [words in pink forms]
and watch a match sometime. K And that's already happening in some MAN How m~ny pe"ople do ~ou know who
D That would be nice, thanks. Ir was a great countrie¿ too, isn't it? Ir says in the book have tro"uble sleeping at night? For many
match yesterday, wasn't it? that some French employees are allowed of us insomnia's part of life, and nor
e Yes, it was. They played really well- and ro begin their weekend at 3 p.m. on being able to get to sle·episn't just
three brilliant goals. Thursday. annóying, it can also be very dangewus.
R Isn't ir amazing? You put two men R Yes, and Honoré also says people can WOMAN Yes, and with us today is sleep
together, and after five minutes they're ger their besr ideas when they're doing •
scientist, •• Angela Moore.
Doctor • Welcome
already talking about footbal!. nothing. Albert Einstein was famous for to the programme.
D It's how we communicate. just looking into space at his office at A GELA Thank you.
e Yeah, and it means we never have to talk Princeton University. And you can't say W Doctor Moore, how m~ch of a problem
about our feelings. he didn't have a few good ideas! is this, do you think?
R Very funny. P Absolutely. Kim, what else interested you A W~ll, we know tiredness can cause
L I'm getting hungry. You haven't ordered about the book? accidents. More than fifr per cent of
any food yet, ha ve you? K Well, I was interested to read that w·ad accidents in the USA are because
R No, we haven't. We were waiting for you. Americans work 350 hours a year more of pe~opledriving when they're tired.
Shall we go and get some menus?
L Yeah, good idea. You two can talk about
football while we're gone.
than Europeans, but in some American
companies, employees can sleep whenever
they want. Apparently they have special
.
M That's amazing!
"
A Yes, it is, isn't it? And when vou tbink
thirty per cent of people in the ea
R And keep an eye on Harry. rooms where people can go and relax if have problems getting ro sleep or tayin
e Yeah, of course ... Why does that always they're tired. asléep, and ten per cenr have eriou
happen? You don't have any kids, do you? P Really? If we had one here, I'd be in there insórnnia - that's a lor of acciden
D No, I don't. One day, maybe. everyafternoon! w:iting to happen.
e Well, I wouldn't hurry if I were you. I R Actually, by law people in the UK are W So how m~ch sle·ep do you think people
haven't had a good night's sleep for six supposed to have a break every four are getting these days?
months. What's the matter, little man? hours, but a lot don't, of course. I was A Well, a hÚndred years ago, before
Do you want mummy to change you also surprised to read that 20% of British •
electricity, pe·ople wem to sleep when it
when she gets back? Do you? people work more than 60 hours a week. got dark and woke ~p when it got light.
rmt7
1 syllable stressed, scared, shocked
We work the most hours in Europe and
it's certainly not making us happier.
K Yes, and lots of people have to take work
society ..
But now in our rwenty-four-hour
" we sleep about an hour and a
h~lf l~ss than we did a century ago.
• • w~rried, frightened home beca use they're under a lot of W ell, I've got two te·enagers and no one
• • ann~yed, conf~sed, rel~xed, pressure to meet deadlines. Apparently can say they're sle·eping less!
concérned, depréssed 60% of British people who were A I'm sme a lot of parents would say that,
interviewed said they didn't take all their
•
• •• s~tisfied, t~rrified, interested Actually, scientists now belteve teenagers
• • embarrassed,
• excited, • •
exhausted
paid holiday. ow rhat's just crazy! need abo·ut an ho"ur more sle"epthan
R And these days of course we're able to
rmt9
PRESENTER Welcome to Caver to Caver.
continue working when we're travelling.
You know, on the train or on aplane or
adults.
W Really?
A Yes, it's bec;use their bodies are still
whatever. growing. Of co·urse, teenagers don't
Today we're talking about Carl Honoré's
K Yes, the Japanese even have a word for need as m~ch sle"epas babies and small
book In Praise af Slaw, which tells us
that we're allliving too fast and working it - karoshi - which means 'death from children - th~y need the most sleep. It's
working too hard'. actually older péople who generally need
roo hard, and that we should all just
slow down. With me are two journalists, P On that happy note, we'll leave it there. the least amount of sle·ep.
Kim Mayhew and Rob Davis - both W That's very interesting.
workaholics, of course. Kim, what did
you think of the book?
A Y~s, and anÓther interesting thin¡; abo·ut
te·enagers is their bÓdy clÓck is different,
R Yes, but we just end up having another
argumento Then he te11sme I'm spending
E!lt16
too much money and starts getting rea11y ANSWERS 2 a 3 b 4 b 5 a 6 b
so they natura11y want to gÓ to b~d and
wake üp abo·ut twÓ ho·urs later than
adults. L
angry at me.
Oh, how awful!
E!lt18
W So that's
• why• our c h'ld·
1 ren aren't ver
• y R But 1 only buy things we need for the [pink = weak forms; blue = strong forms]
bright in the mÓrning. house - and for the baby, of course. JO Which company do you work for?
A And beca"use they have to g~t üp é'arly for L Perhaps you ought to spend more time ED It's ca11ed Getaway Holidays. 1 work for
scho"ol, this mé'ans they can fe·elexha"usted together - you know, just the two of you. the owner.
wh~n they g~t there. R~cently a scho·ol 1 think you need at least one evening off J Rea11y? I'm thinking of going on holiday
in the nÓrth of England decided to start a week. soon. Do you think you can get me a
I~ssons at t~n rather than nine. With a R Yes, you could be right. 1'11talk to Charlie cheap flight?
later starting time, f~wer stüdents missed when he gets home. E Yes, maybe 1 can. Where do you want to
•
school and the exam resúlts in English L I'd be happy to babysit for you, if you like. fly to?
and maths were müch b~tter than the R Oh, that's very kind of you, Lisa, thanks J We11,my brother's working at a hotel in
o . •
previous year. a lot. Uh oh. Sounds like someone's the Caribbean and I'd like to go and see
M So do you think a11schools should start woken up. Back in a minute. him.
later? E Which hotel is he working at?
Conversation 2
A W~l1, that's c~rtainly what a IÓt of sle·ep
ANDY Charlie? Have you got the file for the
J It's ca11ed The Island Palace. Do you
•
experts •• nowadays.
think know it?
Bradley account?
M So why do we neoedsleoep? E Yes,1 do. How long do you want to go
CHARLIE Oh, er, yeah, here it is.
A We dÓn't reOa11y knów. Scientists üsed to for?
A Thanks. Are you OK? You look exhausted.
think slé'ep was the Ónly time you had
C Yeah, I'm fine. Just having trouble
J About three weeks if 1 can.
compléte r~st, but in fact we üse abo·ut the E OK, 1'11see what 1 can do for you, Text
sleeping these days, that's all.
same amo·unt of ~nergy when we're ash!ep me!
•
as when we're sitting on the sÓfa relaxing.
A I'm sorry to hear that. What's the
M Ré'a11y?Thaes very surprising.

problem?
C We11,Harry isn't sleeping ver y well. He
E!lt19
A Y~s, and our br:ins are v~ry active for MEGAN I'm a guide for a company
wakes us up in the middle of the night
sÓme of the time we're asleep. Apparently that organises hiking tours in the Rocky
then we can't get back to sleep.
thaes when our br:ins can Órganise Mountains in Canada. I'm actua11y
A Maybe you should sleep in separate
inforrnátion they've collécted düring the American, not Canadian, but I've lived in
rooms. You know, just ti11Harry's
day. this country for about three years and 1 rea11y
sleeping better. Then you won't wake up
W We11,it's be·en absolutely fascinating love working here. I've worked in the USA
so often.
talking to you. Thank you for cóming and in Europe and 1 rea11y enjoyed my time
C We11,it's worth a try, 1 guess. But it's not
in today. there too, but for me there's nowhere like the
just that. Rebecca's spending too much
A My pléasure, Canadian Rockies. A lot of our customers
money. Not on herself, but she buys lots
have been hiking before, but when they get
m:m:!t2E!1t15 of things for the house and the baby that
we just don't need.
back to the hotel they often say it's the best
Conversation 1 A We11,why don't you talk to her about it?
experience they've ever had, which is very
REBECCA Here you are, Lisa. One sugar. satisfying. It's not always an easy job - you
C I've tried that, but we just start arguing
LISA Thanks, Rebecca. Where's Harry? have to deal with difficult weather conditions
again, and then she te11sme I'm working
R Oh, he's having his afternoon nap. and sometimes it can be quite dangerous.
too hard, which is probably true. But I've
L Right. You look a bit stressed. Is AIso 1 have to put up with a few people who
heard that some people are going to lose
everything OK? do stupid things. For example, three days ago
their jobs soon, and 1 don't want to be
R We11,Charlie and 1 are having a difficult a guy set off on his own into the mountains
one of them.
time at the momento without te11ing anyone. He got lost, then fe11
A Yes, 1 see what you mean. But 1 rea11y
L Oh, dear. What's the matter? and broke his leg. Luckily he had GPS on
don't think you're going to lose your job.
R Harry isn't sleeping ver y well. He wakes his phone and we were able to rescue him.
The company needs you.
up four or five times every night, which Acrually, I've just be en to Banff to pick him
C Thanks, Andy, that's good to hear. So
means Charlie and 1 wake up too, of up from the hospital. He can't do any more
what do you think 1 should do?
course. The trouble is, Charlie finds hiking, of course, but at least he'l1 have a
A We11,I'd take her out for a rea11y nice
it difficult to get back to sleep, so he's good story to te11his friends when he gets
meal, you know, just the two of you.
always absolutely shattered the next day. back home.
That's what Fiona and 1 do when we're
L Hmm, 1 can see why you're upset. That CLIVE My wife and 1 started working in
having problems and it's always rea11y
must be rea11y difficult. helpful. the hotel industry 19 years ago, but this is
R Yes, it is. And when Charlie gets home the first time we've run a hotel in a touristy
C Yes, that's a good idea. 1 might try that.
from work he's rea11yexhausted and fed place like the Lake District. We've had this
Thanks, Andy.
up. So we're arguing a lot more than we place since 2008 and I'm a bit fed up with it,
A No problem. Good luck.
usua11y do. to be honesto Running a tourist hotel is quite
C Cheers. Actua11y, 1'11ca11her now.
L Oh, dear. What a shame. stressful, particularly when people complain
REBECCA Hi.
R What should 1 do, Lisa? about things. It can be difficult for tourists
C Hi honey, it's me. Look, do you think we
L We11,have you tried talking to him to get around in the summer because of a11
could get a babysitter this evening?
about it? the cars, but 1 don't know why they complain
11I
to me about it! AIso some people think they
can check in and out whenever rhey want.
And at the moment ir's one of the fastest-
growíng typesof to~ris~jn the world.
1m!.t3 26
We have to clean the rooms, of course, so P And what kindof holidaysare we REBECCA Mmm, these sarnosas are nice.
if guests don't check out on time it makes talking jibour? Try one.
life very difficult for uso Another problem A They can be almosranything, really. ELLA Mmm, yeah, they're delicious.
is that one of us always has to be here. For Typicalexarnplesare helping to build a CHARLIE So, are you two looking forward
example, my wife's gone to see some friends school jn Asia, planting trees jn ji ~ to your trip to India?
off ar Manchester airport, so 1have to stay national park jn Australia, or perhaps MIKE Yeah, we can't wait.
and look after rhe hotel. And because we're workingonanorganic farrn jn Spain. R Where are you flying to?
open all year, it's difficult for us to have a P And what sorrof people go on these M New De!hi. It was rhe cheapest flight we
holiday together. We've been away a few holidays? could get.
rimes, but each time there was a problem at A Oh, all sorrsof people. These daysa E You've been to Delhi, haven't you?
the hotel so we had to come back early. But lorof students takU gap-year - that is R Yes, we went there about 18 months ago.
this December we're closing the hotel and to say, a year off between school and M Well, maybe you can give us some tips.
going to South America - we're really looking university - a~d~about twenty-fi;e per C Sure. What do you want to know?
forward to it. centof people jn the UK takLa yearoff E Well, firstly, do you know any good
work between the ages of seventeen and place s to stay?
20 twenty-five. These you~g people~oft~n e Um, well, there are lots of good hotels
I've worked in the USA and in Euro e. wanr to trave! rhe world and do in Connaught Place - that's right in the
something usefular the ~ame time. centre of New De!hi.
We've be"en aw~y a f~w times. I've lived in
!. f e e e
t h IS country or about three years. We've P But jt jsn't just young people goingon R Yes, the place we stayed in is called The
Raj Hotel. It's not too expensive and very
hed h! le. •
a t IS pace smce 2008. My wife's •• gone to these holiday0sjt?
A Oh no, absolute!y noto There's a comfortable. You can book rooms online.
see ·ff l've ¡use
• some f'nen d s o. .• b·een to Banff
•
M Great, thanks. We'lI check it out. And
to pick him ~p from the hospital. This is rhe hu~ncreas~n the number~;f
• e
volunteers in their thirties and forties what's rhe best way to get around?
first time we've r~ a hot~1 in a to·uristy pl~ce.
andalso a~lot~of retired people too. ' R In De!hi it's probably best to use
22 P And why do you think rhis tYPLof rickshaws. They're quicker than taxis,
holiday's becoming so popular? and quite cheap.
1 They lived in Egypt for ten years.
A Well, we get so much information about all E OK.
2 We've opened a restaurant.
3 I've decided to stay here. the problemsjn theworld these ~ ~ e And to trave! to other cities I'd
daysand « lotof people want to do recommend the trains. They're a lot safer
4 You lost a lot of money.
something practical to help. It'salso a than the buses, especially at night.
5 She's visited a lot of interesting places.
great way to get to know the peopleand E Hmm, that's good to know. So what
6 He phoned all his friends.
culturLof rhe place you're visiting. should we go and see - are rhere any good
23 P Yes, thar'sa good point. museums?
A Anda lotofolder people want more R Oh no, don't bother going to the
ANSWERS 2 carne 3 moved 4 opened
from their holiday than just sirting ona museums. They're not that interesring
5 've lived 6 've just opened 7 've had
beach.-or goingon guided tours. But it and there are much better things to see in
8 arrived 9 've visited 10's just gone
can be difficult to meet local people when De!hi.
11 've been 12 was 13 haven'r had
you stay in tourist hotel s, andeat jn e Yeah, but you should definite!y see the
24 tourist restaurants. Red Fort in Old Delhi. It was built in the
P OK, but do the volunteers really he!p the 17'h century and it's absolute!y huge.
I've been /bm/ working h~re for /f~/ six
countries they visit? M Righr, the Red Fort in Old De!hi. What
months. How long have /~v/ you been /bm/
A If the holiday's well organised, yes, else is worth visiting?
rravelling? Scott's been /brn/ writing bo·oks
definite!y. Tourists still have ro pay to R Well, there's the Jami Masjid, of course.
since 2006. He's written fTve bo·oks so faro
go on rhese holiday~of course, and That's well worth seeing. It's the biggest
They haven'r been /brn/ playing golf for /f~/
somLof that money is used to he!p [he mosque in India and it's only a few
long. How long has /n/ he h~d that car? minutes from rhe Red Fort.
I've known Zak since we were kids. We've local community. The tourists also do
useful work while they're there and local E OK, thar sounds good.
been /brn/ w;iting for /f~/ two ho·urs. e And there's a much older fort about half
peopleenjoy sharing their culture with
25 people from different countries. an hour from the centre.
P And whatabout the tourists? Do rhey R Yes, but it isn't really worth visiting, 1
PRESENTER Good afternoon and don't think.
welcome to Takia Break. Today havU good rime?
A Yes, mostof them do, anda lotof M OK. And what about places ourside Delhi?
we're taking ji look at the ris!:)n C Well, it's probably already on your list,
volunrourism jiround the world. I'm people say thatjt's the best holiday
they'vyver hado If you read somLof rhe but you really must go to Agra to see rhe
here with Alison Armsrrong from the Taj Mahal. It's only three hours away by
trave! website voluntours.ner. Alison, blogsonour website, you'lI find that
for many people, voluntourism is a life- train - you can do it in a day if you start
firstofall, can you rellallour listeners early.
changingexperience. ~ ~
what voluntourism is? E Yes, we're planning to go there. And, er,
ALISON Well, er ... it's when people go to
P Well, ir seems likyverybody wins.
PerhapsJ should take my family on what about the food? Do you know any
another partof the worldon holiday, good place s to eat in Delhi?
oneof these holidays next year. Alison,
or~on~a longer trip, and volunteer to
work for free in the place they're visiting. thanks very much for coming jn today.
A Noratall.
e J
Yes, there are lots of really good restaurants
in Connaught Place. Oh, what was the
No, he set off with a friend called Luke
Collyer. They'd planned to do the whole
1!J!1t34
name of that place we used to go to? walk together, but Luke went home after 1 I had abad day. I'd had abad day.
R Oh, yes, I know the place you mean ... 68 days. 2 John had arrived early. John arrived early.
I think it's called The Shanti. P I'm not surprised. I wouldn't last 68 3 She made a mistake. She'd made a
e Yes, that's right. It's only a few minutes minutes! mistake.
from the Raj Hotel and the food there J No, me neither. Anyway, a Peruvian 4 Tom had thought it was wrong. Tom
was amazing! guide called Cho joined the expedition thought it was wrong.
M Thanks, that's really useful. Er, have you after Luke had gone back to the UK. Cho 5 The couple had asked for a bigger room.
got any other tips? had planned to walk with Ed for only five The couple asked for a bigger room.
R Well, only drink bottled water, of course. days, but ended up staying with him until 6 We told him the news. We'd told him the
And don't drink anything with ice in it. the end. news.
Ice is usually made with tap water, which
isn't very safe.
P
J
And what did they eat?
They mainly lived on rice and beans,
1!J!1t35
E Yes, I've heard that before. which they bought in villages and carried ANSWERS 2 beca me 3 had already tried
e And I wouldn't eat any salads because with them. But they also went to parts of 4 swam 5 took 6 'd broken 7 swam
they're often washed in tap water too. the forest that nobody had ever be en to 8 had ever done 9 travelled 10 swam
M Yes, that sounds like good advice. before. So they sometimes ran out of food 11 arrived 12'd been
R All this talk of India is making me want
to come with you. P
and had to eat whatever they could find.
So did they just disappear into the jungle
1!J!1t36
e Yeah, me too. Perhaps we can ask Lisa for two-and-a-half years? PRESENTER ... and with the weekend
and Daniel to babysit for a month! J No, not really. Every day Ed wrote his just around the corner, I have with
E Oh look, here comes our food. blog or uploaded a video of his journey meJj/)n the studio Gabrielle Wallace,
onto his website, and of course he also from theJj/~excellent website
30 read messages that people had sent him. londonfornothing.com, to tell us how
she thr~w her shoes into the crowd -+ While P So how far did he walk in total? toJw/~enjoy London for free.
she was Iwazl d;ing an ~ncore, she thr~w J Well, the River Amazon is about 4,000 GABRIELLE Hi there.
miles long, but Ed calculated that he'd P Welcome to the programme, Gabrielle.
her shoes into the crowd. I the manager
•• over an d lanl congratulated
cam.e • me -+ walked about 6,000 miles. TOJw/~a lot of people, London appears to
While I was Iwazl playing my last track, the P I hope he took some insect repellent. beJj/~a verYJj/~expensive city to visito
manager carne over and lanl congrátulated J Well, if he did, he didn't take enough. He G Well, it can be, but
me. I all the fans were Iwal singing along -+ says that during the trip he got 200,000 ther,0r/~ar,0r/~actuaIlYJj/~a lot of things
mosquito and ant bites. you can dOJw/)n the city for free.
It was Iwazl a fantastic atmosphere and
P Really? That's amazing! P Such as?
all the fans were Iwal singing along. I
J Yes, and he also got 600 wasp stings and G Well, of course you don't have to pay
~ancing and lanl having a go·od time -+
12 scorpion stings. to visit manYJj/~of London's museums
All the cl~bbers were Iwal dancing and lanl
P Ouch! So what did he do when he'd orJr/~art galleries, such as the British
having a go·od time. go to a lot of lavl gigs
finished the journey? Museum or the National Gallery.
• d··
-+ I use • I
to It:1 go to a lot of /sv/ gigs.
J He flew back to England, had a rest, P Right.
play at lat/ friends' parties -+ I ~sed to Ital
and then a few weeks later he ran four G And if you'd prefer to wanderJr/~around
play at lat/ friends' parties.
marathons in 27 hours! the citYJj/~on yourJr/~own, you can
31 P Wow! This guy makes me feel exhausted download free walking tours onto your
just hearing about him. phone. My favourite is the tourJr/~of
PAUL What are you working on at the
J Well, if you think he's extreme, the theJj/~areaJr/~around London Bridge,
moment, Josie?
second programme is about another which is reallyJjOnteresting. And all the
JOSIE I've been making a TV series called
modern adventurer called Martin Strel. tours come with a free downloadable map
Modern Adventurers.
He was the first person to ... so you don't get lost.
P That sounds interesting.
P OK. And is ther,0r/~anywhere you can
J Yes, it's fascinating. The first episode
is about aman called Ed Stafford, who
1!J!1t32 hear some free music?
beca me the first person to walk the length L~e had ladl gone back to Ital the uK -+ G Yes, ther,0r/)s, actually. ForJr/~example,
Cho j;ined the expedition after L~e had there's free jazz at the National Theatre
of the River Amazon in 2010.
• b·ack to Ital the UK.
ladl gone •• I people had six days a week, and if you go to the
P Wow, that sounds like hard work. How
ladl s~nt him ....•He also re"ad m~ssages that Royal Opera House at lunchtime on
long did it take him?
IOatl pe·ople had ladl s~nt him. he'd walked Mondays, you can enjoy some
J About two-and-a-half years.
abo·ut six tho·usand miles -+ Ed calculated freeJj!~ opera.
P You're joking! Why didn't he go by boat?
thar IOat/ he'd walked abo·ut six tho·usand P Really? I didn't know that.
J Very funny. But that's the point of the
series. Why do some people go on these
• I the whole
miles. •••walk together -+ They'd G Yes, and you can also gOJw/~and seeJj/~a
radioJw/~or TV programme being
crazy adventures? Just to be the first planned to Ital do the whole walk together. I
recorded. I've seen a few TV comedies
person to do something? nobody had ladl ever be"en to bef(ire ....•They
and chat shows being made, and
P Good question. So did this guy - what w~nt to Ital parts of the forest that IOat/
they'r,0r/~always great fun - and
was his name again? nobody had ladl ever been to before. he'd
theJj/~audience always gets in for free.
J Ed Stafford. finished the jo·urney -+ So what did he do
P And how do you get tickets?
P Right. So did Ed Stafford walk the wh~n he'd finished the jo·urney?
Amazon on his own?
G You normally have tOJw/~applYJj!~online. L Well, it's the players I have a problem 'Z
Theryr/~are various websites that with, not the fans. I can't believe how
specialise in free tickets. much they get paid. Some of them ger TIM OK, let's start with the first place we
p Right. And what about moryr/~unusual over t200,OOO a week, just for kicking a saw. What did you think of the terraced
days out? ball around. It's ridiculous. house in Bishopston?
G Well, you can visit the Houses of D Well, I agree that footballers tend to JO Yeah, I thought it was nice. It seemed
Parliament, of course. Anyone can earn rather a lot of money, but you have slightly bigger than where we live now.
queuyw/~up and gOJw;)n for free, and to remember that football is part of T No, I think it's the same size as our
then you can watch a live debate from the the entertainment industry. Hundreds house. It just seemed bigger because it
public gallery. of millions of people are watching this didn't have any furniture in it.
P Hm, I'm sure that would be match all around the world. That's why J Yes, you're probably right. I thought the
veryJj/)nteresting. footballers get paid so much, beca use so back garden was lovely, and it had a new
G Yes, it can be, and it's worth going just many people want to see them play. kitchen.
to gOJw;)nside the building, which is Yeah, singers and film stars get paid T Yes, I liked the kitchen too. And it's the
C
veryJj;)mpressive, of course. But if you millions every year too, but you don't least expensive place we've seen so faro
want to gOJw/~on an official tour, you hear people complaining about that. J Yes, that's true.
have to paYJj/~unfortunately. R Well, I wouldn't mind so much if they T Mm. OK, so what about the detached
p Right. behaved themselves. But every week you house in Redland?
G And you can also gOJw/~and watch a trial read stories about famous footballers J Well, it's one of the oldest houses we've
at theJj/~Old Bailey, which is the biggest getting into fights in nightclubs or um looked at, and I like old houses, they've
criminal court in the country. If you crashing their Porsche into a tree and got a lot of character. It's got more space
get a good case, it can beJj/~absolutely things like that. That's not ver y sensible than the other two places.
fascinating. But don't forget to take some behaviour, is it? T Yeah, and it's got a garage, which is
ID with you. C I agree. But generally speaking, most useful. But it's quite a long way frorn the
p And what about if you have footballers are just normal people and station, which might be a prablem.
tOJw/~entertain children for never get into any trouble. It's only a few J Yes, you could be right. And it's a little
theJj/~afternoon? who are a bit crazy. further away frorn the city centre than we
G Well, why not take them tOJw/~a city L Well, maybe. But I don't understand wanted to be.
farm? Theryr/~aryr/~about thirteen in why men take football so seriously. Who T Mm. OK. And what did you think of the
the city, and most of them are free. And at wants to spend their weekend s watching flat in Hotwells?
all of these places, children aryr/~allowed a group of miltionaires kicking a ball J Well, it's not as big as the other two
to feed theJj/~animals, play with the araund? I mean, it's only a game! places.
rabbits, or whatever. T Yes, that's true. But it is a flat, not
D Well, perhaps some people can take it a
p Gabrielle, thank you for coming in to bit too seriously. But what was it someone a house. Actually, it was a lot more
seeJj/~us today. For free, obviously. once said? "Football isn't a matter of life spacious than I'd expected.
G Obviously! and death - it's much more important J Yes, it was, wasn't it? I think that's
because of those enormous windows.
m;mm.4 38
R
than that."
Very funny. Anyway, I just don't want T Yes, I suppose so. It was different from
COMMENTATOR And he's just out side the Harry growing up and becoming anything else we've seen.
box. He shoots! It's just wide. And there obsessed with football, like you two are. J And it had the most amazing view. You
goes the whistle for half time here at Old C Too late. Look what Daniel's bought know, all the way down the river.
Trafford ... Harry. T Yes, that was fantastic, wasn't it?
CHARLIE That'll be Rebecca and Lisa. L Daniel! J But it's got the worst kitchen I've ever
DANIEL Just in time for the second half. D Well, you have to get them when they're seen. The cupboards were falling off the
C Hi, honey. We're watching the football. young. Otherwise he might end up wall! And it hasn't got a garden.
LISA Hello, you two. Good match? T So that's a no, then.
supporting Manchester City!
D Yeah, United are winning two-one. R Oh, I give up! J Yes, I think so. It's just not right for uso
REBECCA Oh, that's wonderful news. L Anyway, are you coming next door to T OK. So what about the other two places?
I'm pleased you haven't wasted your help me with the washing machine? It stilt Do you want to go and see either of them
afternoon. doesn't work. again?
C Rebecca isn't very keen on football. D I'd love to, but the second half is just J Well, rhe house in Redland was nice, but
R Well, I just think that most football fans about to start. the back garden was far smaller than
are really rude and aggressive. R Come on. Let's leave the boys in peace. I'd expected, you know, for a detached
C Well, some of them can be quite L Yeah, it's hard having three children to house. It's as small as the one we've got
aggressive at times, I agree, but it's not look after, isn't it? now.
as bad as it used to be when I was a boy. T And it was much noisier than the other
There was a lot more football violence 41 two. It's on a very busy road.
then. IJ:I enormous, snoring, gorgeous, J Yes, that's true.
D Yeah, I agree. On the whole, most fans boring, unfortunately, uniform T That might be a problem, especially at
just want to see a good game and have 2 Idl correct, information, gorilla, night.
fun. motorbike, mirror J Right. So you thought the first place we
C It's not much fun when your team loses, 3 13:1 worst, worth, homework saw was better?
though, is it?
D Yeah, that's true.
11
T You mean the house in Bishopston? Yes, I You only listen to music on your MP3 lEAN ª
We1l my most memorable birthday
think so. It's very similar to where we live player these days. was last year beca use l was ... um I was a
now, so a11our furniture wi11fit in OK. T Yeah, but I want to copy the CDs onto hundred years old! You see, my husband
1 And it's a bit less expensive than the the laptop. Then I can get rid of them. died um 13 years ago, but ª you know
Redland house. 1 Fine, put them in the 'keep' pile. You rea11y life goes on, doesn't it? And it was ... um I
T OK, let's go back and see it again don't like throwing things away, do you? had a rea1ly lovely day. My two daughters
tomorrow. Then we can decide. T That's not true. I'm definitely going to get organised a party for me and um I didn't
1 Right. 1'11give the estate agent a ring. rid of this awful jumper. It's rea1ly ugly. have to do a thing. A1I my family were there,
Have you got their number? 1 Er, that was a birthday present from my you see, including my four grandchildren
mother. and my um seven great-grandchildren. There
Eli'43 T Oh, was it? Er, OK. l should probably weren't ... they didn't put 100 candles on the
". . .
It seoemed slightly bigger than /O,m/ wh~re
we live now. IIt's not as /dZ/ big as /dZ/ the 1
T
keep it, then.
Not if you're not going to wear it.
OK, 1'11put it on the 'give away' pile.
cake, though, it wasn't big enough for that!
And ª I got lots of lovely birthday cards,
including um one from the Queen with a
other two places. lit was /WdZ/ a lét
more spacious than /Odn/ I'd expécted, I It's We can take it to a charity shop. special birthday message inside, which was
•
very similar • now.
to /td/ where we live • I It's 1 And what about your old tennis racket? wonderful.
the same size as /dZ/ our ho·use. I The back You've got ro throw that out. RUBY I'm er ... I'm a twin, you see, and so
garden was /WdZ/ far sma11er than /Odn/ T Actua1ly, I'm going to give that to Julia every birthday is my sister Daisy's birthday
•
I'd expected. •
I It was /WdZ/ different from next door. She's going to start taking roo. I never ... um I didn't enjoy birthdays
zfram/ anything else we've seoen.lit was tennis lessons. very much when I was a kid beca use you
/WdZ/ m~ch n;isier than /Odn/ the other 1 You're joking! That old thing? It's twenty know I always had to like share them with
two. I It's as /dZ/ sma11 as /dZ/ the one we've years old! It's going to break the first time my sister. And we ... um we only had one
• now.
got • she uses it. cake between the two of us! After we grew
T Oh, it's fine for a nine-year-old. up Daisy moved to Ireland so we like stopped
Eli'44 1 Right, what's next? What about these having birthday parties together. And I rea1ly
TIM Right, what's next? curtains? missed her - I mean, it just wasn't the same.
10
T
What about this old laptop?
Actua11y, I'm going to give it to my
Eli'4S EIi' 46 Anyway, last year it was our 30th so Daisy
and I had an old-fashioned birthday party at
brother. He says it'l1 be fine for his kids to 1 I'rn going to sort o·ut the living ro'Om our parents' house, you know, with balloons
•
tomorrow.
use. He's picking it up tomorrow evening and er party games and um ice cream and
after work. 2 It's going to r:in in a few minutes. stuff. And it ... um it was the best birthday
1 Yeah,OK. 3 1'11¡;>ütaway a1l the stüff we want to ke*ep. party I've ever had! And er we both had
T So that goes in ... 4 l think he'l1 become famous one day. our own birthday cakes with our names on,
1 ... the 'give away' pile, with the books. 5 We're having some frrends ro·und for which was fantastic!
T And what about that old printer? dinner on Saturday.
STUART We1l, I don't like ... er I hate
1 Oh, I think we should throw that out. It
doesn't work any more so we can't rea11y
Eli'47 getting older, so I just sort of pretend that
ANSWERS 1 he'1I use 2 1'11throw 3 He's it's a normal day. People send me ... um I
give it away. still get a lot of birthday cards, which is kind
T Right. So which pile? coming 4 1'11put 5 I'm going to start
6 it'1Ilook 7 we're meeting 8 1'11finish of annoying. But the best ... er my rnost
1 Put it next to that old TV and the videos. memorable birthday must be my 40th when
T And what about these old letters? I don't TIM Ok. See you later. Bye. my brother organised a surprise party for me.
know why you've kept them. You'l1 never 10 Bye, darling. Right, now he's gone I can I mean, it was nice of him, I suppose, but um
read them again. start doing this properly. Let's throw out I wasn't very happy about it at the time. He
1 Hmm ... Yes, you're probably right. OK, those sme11yold trainers, for a start. And had ... um he'd invited some of his friends
1'11throw those away. that broken tennis racket. Oh, and I'm along, including um a woman ca1led Patricia,
T Right. definitely keeping a1l my old love letters! who I thought was you know absolutely
1 And what sha11we do with a11these old
photos? Eli'48 gorgeous. Anyway, to cut a long story short,
Patricia and I spent the whole evening talking
T Oh, I'm in the middle of going through ASHLEY My birthday's on um January L",
and um we started going out together soon
those. you know, New Year's Day. So it's ... l mean, afterwards. So er birthdays can be good
1 But we never look at them any more. it's always a bit strange beca use people kind sometimes, I suppose!
T I know, but that's beca use they're not in QÍ forget about my birthday. It's kind of like
order or anything. I'm going to sort out - Happy New Year! - oh, and ª by the way, _S1J!J1
the rest of them at the weekend. Then we happy birthday, Ashley! The best ... ªmy KATHARINA Excuse me?
can get rid of the ones we don't want. most memorable birthday was in 2000, YQ]d LISA Can I help you?
1 OK, so we're keeping these for now. know, the beginning of the new mi1lennium. K Er, yes, I hope so.
T Yeso So ... that pile. We a1l ... ª me and some friends went to L What do you need?
1 Yes, the one with the suitcase and the London to watch the fireworks by the river. K Um, I'm sorry, I've forgotten what it's
lampo And can we throw out your old Apparently there were like three mi1lion ca1led. It's a thing for making soup.
CDs? people there that evening! The atmosphere L Is this what you're looking for? A
T Sorry, I don't rea11y want to get rid of was absolutely bri1liant and it sort of felt as saucepan?
those. if three mi1lion people had a1l come to my
1 But you'l1 never listen to them again. birthday party!
11
K No, it's a type of machine. It's ... er you L Well, why don'r you do an intensive
put food and water in, then er you turn it E:lJ5 course before you go? I'm sure the
on and it cuts up the food. ADAM He11o? company would pay for ir.
L Do you mean a blender? LIL y Hi, Adam. A Yes, that's not a bad idea.
K Oh yes, that's right. A blender. A Hi, Lily. How are things? L Have you ralked to Mum and Dad abour
L OK, the blenders are over there, on the L Oh, um not too bad, 1 suppose. But this?
top shelf. now the kids are at school, I've been A Er, no, not yet.
K Oh, OK, OK, thanks a lot. wondering whar to do with my time. 1 get L We11,don'r worry. 1 won't say anything
L Is there anyrhing else you need? bored being at home a11day on my own. until you decide what to do. 1 know
K Um, yes, er 1 don't know what it's ca11ed A So, er what choice s do you have? they'l1 want you to go, though.
in English. Um, it's stuff for getting L We11,1 could go back to teaching, but I'm A Yes, probably. Anyway, 1'11call you when
marks off your clothes. rhinking of doing another degree instead. 1 know what I'rn doing. So, how's BilIy
L Do you mean washing powder? A Rea11y? Wow! getting on at his new school?
K No, it's a type of liquid. Um, you use it L We11,if 1 start teaching again, 1'11be
when you get coffee or wine on your shirt. exhausted after ayear. And 1 don'r know E:lJ6
L Oh, you mean stain remover. That's on if 1 want to work in a school all day and 1'11be exha"usred ~fter a ylar. -+ If 1 st~rt
the second floor, in the Home Laundry then look after three children when 1 get r~aching ag:in, 1'11be exha"usted ~fter a ylar.
department. home. I if you do another degreee -+ Wh~r wi11you
K Thanks very mucho What's it ca11edagain? A What wi11you study if you do another st~dy if you do another degree? if you don't
I
L Stain remover. degree? app 1"y soon

• -+ You mig t nor ger m this
• h··' • year
•
K Thank you for your help. Goodbye. L I'd like to do fashion designo You know if you don'r apply so"on. 11'11be to·o old -+
L Goodbye. I've always been interesred in that kind of But unléss 1 do it so·on, 1'11be to·o old. 11'11
thing. I've talked to a few co11eges and 1 I~t you know -+ As so·on as 1 m~ke up my
LISA He110 again. Did you find what you
don't rhink it'l1 be a problem getring in. mind, 1'l1l~t you know. 1until you decide
were looking for?
A We11,that's good. But you might not get wh~t to do -+ 1 won't s~y ~nything until you
KATHARINA Oh, yes, thanks. But I'rn sti11
in this year if you don't apply soon. It's decide wh~t to do.
looking for one or two other things.
already June.
L We11,can 1 help at all? What is it that you
need?
L Yes, 1 know. E:lJ7
A What does Jack think? you want thern to be h~ppy and succéssful -+
K 1 ... 1 can't remember whar they're ca11ed,
L Well, he's worried about the money side If you hhe children, you w~nt them to be
but you use them to mend your clothes.
of things. You know how expensive h~ppy and succ~ssful. 1they don't dev~lop in
Urn, they're made of metal and they've
university fees are nowadays. But unless 1 other w~ys -+ If children st~dy ~1Ithe time,
gor a hole in the end.
do it soon, 1'11be too old. they don't devélop in other w~ys. they
L Oh, you mean needles.
A We11,have you asked Mum and Dad? ·ld'··
s hou ·h·.rressure on t hern++
n t put too muc
K Yes, that's right, needles.
They might lend you some money. If p~rents w~nt their children to be h~ppy,
L They're over there, near the escalator.
L Yes, that's a good idea. 1'11ask them they shouldn't p~t to·o m~ch pr~ssure on
You'l1 find a11sorts of different types of
before they go on holiday.
cotton there too. them. 1pr:ise the ~ffort they m~ke -+ If you
A Anyway, 1 don't rhink you should worry
K Oh yes, 1 can see them. Thanks a lot. w~nt to help your children, pr:ise the
about rhe money. 1 think you should do
L Can 1 help you with anything else? etfort they m~ke. 1they can feellike they're
what will make you happy.
K Urn, yes, just one more thing. Um ... I'm f:ilures -+ If you criticise children for not
L Yes, you're probably right. As soon as 1
sorry, 1 don't know the word for them. Er, getting good gr~des, they can fe·ellike
make up my mind, I'll let you know. So,
you wear them when it's cold ourside. they're f:ilures.
how are things with you?
L Do you mea n gloves, you know, you wear
them on your hands?
A Yeah, good thanks. Actua11y, I've just
been offered a new job.
E:lJ9
K No, you wear them on your ears. They 1 If my children work hard, they get good
L Rea11y? Where?
look like headphones. grades.
A Beijing.
L Oh, you mean ear muffs. They're on 2 If you fail the exam, you have to take it
L Rea11y? Wow, that's fantastic news!
the ground floor, in the accessories again.
What's the job?
department. 3 1'11text you if there's a problem.
A The same as I'm doing now, sales
K Right. Um, whar are they ca11ed again? 4 We'lI call you if we don't get there on
manager. They want me to set up a new
L Ear muffs. time.
sales team rhere.
K OK, we11,thank you very much for a11 S If she doesn't ca11me, 1 worry.
L So, are you going to take it?
your help. 6 If 1 see him, 1'11say he11o.
A 1 don't know. I'm not sure 1 want to live
L No problem. Have a nice day.
K You too.
L
on the other side of rhe world.
Oh, I'rn sure you'lI enjoy ir when you get
E:lJ10
EDWARD Ch~rlotte, are you very
4 there.
superstitious?
A Maybe. I've got a meeting with my boss
1 /d3/ journey, vegerable, July, dangerous CHARLOTTE No, not r~ally. Why do you ~sk?
on Monday abour ir. 1'11make a decision
2 /j/ your, year, yer, onions E I'rn réading a fascinating bo"ok c~l1ed The
after 1 talk to him.
3 /ju:/ usua11y, huge, barbecue, music History of Superstitions. Did you know
L We11,1 rhink you should take the job. You
that in Br~tain, pe"ople think that sleing a
might never get this kind of opportunity bl~ck c~t is go·od I~ck, but in ne"arly every
again. other co·untry in the wórld it's b~d I~ck?
A But 1 can't speak a word of Chinese.
C
E
Th~t's q~ite str~nge, isn't it?
Y~s, 1tho·ught s(j to·o. And do you kn(jw L
for the weekend.
Yes, that sounds like a good idea. Who
1I!&14
why bre'aking a mirror is s~ven ye'ars' b~d shall we get to play? 1 /elt/ decorate, donate, create, meditate,
l~ck? R We could hire some professional appreciate, graduate (verb), separate
C N(j, why? rnusicians. (verb)
E W~ll um the R(jmans believed that l!fe I'm not sure about that. For one thing, 2 /;}t/ considerate, immediate, climate,
st~rted ag:in ~very s~ven years. If a they could be quite expensive. pirate, chocolate, graduate (noun),
mirror br(jke, then pe·ople tho·ught the l~st D What about charging people five pounds separate (adjective)
p~rson wh(j lo·oked at it was v~ry ill and each to get into the festival? That would
would continue to be ill for the n~xt s~ven raise quite a lot of money. 1I!&15
. ..
ye'ars of their life - you kn(jw, unt!l they
got a 'new life'.
R Sorry, I don't think we should do that.
I think the festival should be free for
Listening Test (see Teacher's Book)
C OK then - my ®cle ~lways drries a everyone. 1I!&16

r~bbit's fo·ot aro·und with him. Why L Yes, I agree. A lot of people won't come if • have
I didn't • a clue •• how to /t;}/ sing
•• opera.
would a r~bbit's fo·ot be l~cky? they have to pay. She's very go·od at /;}t/ encouraging pe·ople.
E H~ng on, l~cky ch~rms are h~re D Well, we could ask bands to play for free. I fóund it impóssible to /t;}/ bre"athe and
s(jmewhere - y~s, here it •is - er, r~bbits There are lots of local bands who'd love • at /;}t/ the same
/;}n/ sing •• time. I 1 was
were belteved to h~l f~milies gr(jw their to play at a festival, I'm sure. /wez/ ~seless at /;}t/ Ie"arning languages at
cr(jps because they lived in the fields and R Yes, we could put an ad in the local paper /;}t/ scho·ol. I 1 was /w;}z/ able to /t;}/ give a
h~d l(jts of b~bies. So they becáme a sign and on the website. go·od perf(jrmance. 1 had n(j ide'a h<iw to
of fertility and go"od l~ck. Well, it's definitely worth a try. But we'll /t;}/ d(j any magic tricks. I He kn<iws h<iw to
C Hmm. N(jt so l~cky for the r~bbit, thóugh. still need to raise some money to pay for /t;}/ d<i some re'ally' amhing tricks. I 1 fo·und
E Y·ea h, true.
• S·o, w h·at supersunons
, . d o you
• the stage and the lights, that sort of thing. s<ime of /;}v/ the tricks q~ite easy to /t;}/
belteve in? L I've got an idea! Let's have a festival raffle Ie'arn. I I'm n(j góod at /;}t/ d;ing card
C W~ll, l~t me think ... Oh, I to·uch wo·od - and ask people to buy raffle tickets when
tricks. I 1 managed to /t;}/ d(i all the tricks
but ~veryone do·es that, d(jn't they? they come in. Then we can use the money
withóut messing them ~p.
E Ah, th~t's an interesting (jne. Accórding we make to pay for the festival.
to this bo·ok, tho·usands of ye'ars ag,,(j,
eople ~sed to believe that go·od spirits
D
R
Yes, that's not a bad idea.
Can I make a point here?
1I!&17
JUDY I run a company that makes
lived in the tre·es and that to·uching wo·od I Of course.
personalised gifts. Basically people send
called on th~se spirits and protécted R If we have a raffle, we'll need to buy
us their photos online and we put them on
pe·ople from danger. prizes. So we might not make enough
C
• •
Thaes interesting. I also d(j th~t thing money to pay for the festival.
posters, T-shirts, calendars, mouse mats,
that kind of thing. AII of our customers order
with salt, you kn(jw, thr(jw it (jver my D Well, why don't we ask local businesses
online. If the internet didn't exist, 1 wouldn't
shoulder. I've n<iide'a why, tho·ugh. to dona te the prizes for free? It would be
have a business. The most important part of
E Ah, thaes in h~re tóo ... Y~s, here it is. good advertising for them.
the company is our website because that's
Apparendy h~ndreds of ye"ars ag<i salt Yes, that could work. OK, what else
how everyone places their order. We'd lose a
~sed to be v~ry expénsive and v~luable, could we do? .
lot of customers if our website crashed. It's
and was m:inly ~sed as a medicine, so L Have you thought of asking the school to
a very cheap business to run, but one thing
spilling it was a re'ally b~d thing to d(j. put on a musical in the daytime?
1 don't like about it is that 1 never talk to
You thr<iw it <iver your l~ft sho·ulder - or R That's a brilliant idea! Parents would love
customers any more, it's all just online order
the right <ine if you live in Argentina or that.
forms and emails. I'd like to talk to a real
ital - into the faces of the evil spirits OK. I'll talk to the head teacher this
customer again, you know, face-to-face.
behind you, to st(jp them h~rting you. week. And what about food and drink?
C
• •
Hmm, so·unds like an interesting bo·ok. D Why don't we make all the food WESLEY I've owned this café for 12 years
E Y~s, it ¡s. You can b<irrow it wh~n I've ourselves? and I'd say that the internet is essential for
finished, if you like. L I'm not sure that's a good idea. 1 think my business. There's an art college across
C Y~s, ple'ase. Th~nks a l<it. people in the village will want to enjoy the road and the students come in here all
the festival, not make sandwiches all day. the time, you know, just to have a coffee and
m;m:m.611!&11 Well, we can just have stalls selling check their email or whatever, If we didn't
IAN Right, are we ready to start? OK, as you burgers, chips, sandwiches and stuff - have WiFi, this place would be empty. They
know, we're planning to hold a festival every festival has those. don't even need a password to log on. But it
in the summer to celebrate the 200,h D Er, can 1 just say something here? does mean people talk less than they used
anniversary of our village. Now, we've I Sure, go ahead. to. Sometimes I look round and nobody's
never done anything like this before, so D As it's a village festival, I think we need to talking to each other, they're all online in
I'm happy to hear everyone's opinions involve the people who live in the village their own little worlds. If they turned off
and suggestions. in the festival a bit more. their computers, they might make some new
REBECCA Perhaps the first thing to discuss is I OK. So how can we do that? friends. But it also means they stay longer
what sort of entertainment we want. D 1 suggest we have some competitions, and spend more money, so 1 can't complain,
LISA Yes, that seems a good place to start. you know, the best cake, the biggest 1 suppose.
DUNCAN May 1make a suggestion? vegetables, the most beautiful pet, that FRANK I'm the sales manager for a sports
I Yes, of course, Duncan. kind of thing. People always love those. equipment company and like most people
D How about having some live music? We Yes, that's a great idea! OK, let's just go I couldn't live without the internet - or my
could put up a stage on the village green over what we've got so far. laptop. I've got all my personal stuff on there
I
'v
11 0
v
and a lot of information about the company G Right. Did you g<>to the me"eting, Simon? S Ye"ah, th~t's the wonderful thing ab~ut
roo. If I lost my laptop, I'd probably lose my
•
Simon? rhe internet. You can t';.seit to share
jobl One thing that's changed because of J Oh, d<>n'tw<>rryabo"ut him, he's pr<>bably videos of your kids ...
the internet is that a lot of my meetings are ;;'pdating his Facebook I?~ge. Saying J ... or to tell your F~cebook frl'ends it's
online nowadays. In some ways they're great, something f~scinating like 'in pt';.bwith your t~rn to b~y the drinks?
beca use they save a lot of time. But of course pe"ople from w<>rk'or whatever. S W hoat? O h ,yea• h ,OK• ten.
h •
Same agam?
o.
this means I hardly ever trave! for work any s Jt';.stbeca·use I'rn online, it do"esn't me"an I
more. I used ro enjoy visiting other parts of c~n't he"ar you. ~71!1D-25
the world and staying in nice hotels. If we G I can seoewhy they d<>n'ta11<>w pe"ople to Conversation 1
didn't have so many online meetings, I could g<>on Facebook in the <>ffice. eHARLIE Hello, Tanya. Have you got a
get out of the office more often. J Ye"ah, wh~t did M~rcus call it? 'S<>cial minute?
nl)t-working.' TANYA Hello, Charlie. Yes, of course. Take
1!ID-18 G So h<>woften do you g<>on F~cebook, a seat.
I'd pn')bably I<>semy j<>b-+ If I I<>stmy
•
Simon? e Thanks.
I~ptop, I'd pr<>bably los e my j<>blI I wouldn't S Oh, I d<>n'tkn<>w.Abo·ut ten or fifte"en T Right. How can I help?
h~ve a b~siness -+ If the internet d'idn't exist, • a day,
times •• probably. e I just wanted to talk about next week's
I wo·uldn't have a bt';.siness. I this'pl~ce would G Re"ally? meeting with Sunspot Hotels. As you
••• 11 • •
be empty -+ If we didn't h~ve WiFi, this S Yeah. A11of my friends are on it and I like know, they're very important clients and
pl~ce would be empty. I if our website to kn<>wwh~t's h~ppening to them. we need everything to go perfectly.
cr~shed -+ We'd I<>sea lot of ct';.stomers if our G Are y<>uon F~cebook, Jenny? T Yes, absolutely. Right. Jack and Me!issa
•
website cr~shed. I they might m~ke some new J Yes, but I d<>n'tcheck it very <>ften~ny johnson from Sunspot are flying over
frrends -+ If they dirned <>fftheir compúters, m<>re.I ¡'ised to d<>it ~11the time - it's from the States on Monday.
••. • 1)
they might make some new fnends. I I could very addictive. But I was spending ho·urs e Can you tell me when they're arriving?
get <>utof the <>fficem<>reoften -+ If we and ho·urs on it and it wasn't as m~ch f~n T They're arriving in London from New
d"d
1 n ' t h"ave so
• many
• o li
on •.
me meenngs, I cou Id as it ~sed to be. And in the end, you're York at ... let's see ... 15.23.
get <>utof the <>fficem<>re<>ften. still j~st sitting on your <>wnin fr<>ntof a e Good. Do you know whether we've
•
computer •
screen. booked them a hotel room?
1!ID-20 G Ye"ah, I se"ewhat you me"an. T Yes, we have. Jenny's booked them into
1 If I have enough money, 1'11buy a new J Actually, I tho·ught it was damaging my the Holiday Inn near the airport.
laptop. If I had enough money, I'd buy a friendships. I ~Iways kn~w wh~t my e Fine. And the meeting's on Tuesday
new laptop. friends were d;ing, so I never phóned morning, is that correct?
2 If you opened that attachment, it'd them ~p for a chat or arr~nged to me"et T Yes, it is.
crash your computer. If you open that ~p with them. There didn't se·em to be e Could you tell me what time it starts?
attachment, it'l1 crash your computer. a re"ason t<>.Now I only check it <>ncea T It starts at 10 and should finish about
3 I'd give you a lift if I had time. 1'11give we"ek and try to me"et ~p with frrends 12.30. Then you and I are taking them
you a lift if I have time. face-to-f~ce m<>re<>ften. for lunch at the Rose and Crown. You
4 You'l1 see them if you get there early. S So h<>wm~ny friends do you have? know, that love!y old pub by the river.
You'd see them if you got there early. J Do you me"an re"alfrrends or F~cebook e That's a good choice. And what about all
5 If they study harder, they'l1 pass their Mends? the other people attending the meeting?
exams. If they studied harder, they'd pass S Er, Facebook frl'ends. T Jenny emailed everyone about it last
their exams. J Oh, I d<>n'tkn<>w.Abo·ut a h~dred, I week.
6 If we moved house, we'd miss our think. e I think it's important that Barry
friends. If we move house, we'l1 miss our S S t hO
·I °11' I'·
at a. ve got ... um, l·'·
et s see ... Mackenzie should be there. He knows
friends.
•
sevet,l hundred
O
an d sixty-two.
? °
o And even more about the American market than
m sister's rabbit's got over two h~ndred anyone e!se. Have you any idea if he's
1!ID-21 fnends. be en invited?
ANSWERS 1 I'd 2 didn't 3 was 4 could G which me"ans your sister's rabbit is twice TEr, I'rn not sure.
5 don't 6 1'11 7 misses 8 1'11 9 wouldn't as p<>pular as Jenny. e Well, perhaps you could check.
10 knew 11 give 12 1'11 s Ex~ctly. Compúters never Ire. T Yes, I will.
J Very f~nny. e Do you think we should email everyone
1!ID-22 S What about you, Gary? Are you on again? You know, just to remind everyone.
[words in pink = weak forms] F~cebook? T OK, I'll do that myself this afternoon.
• We were lucky
• are your drinks. • G N<>,1'm not, but 1'm on Twitter. e Great. OK, perhaps we should talk about
GARY Here
J •
Oh, right. po you tweet ••a lot? • our presentation. Do you want to talk
to get a t~ble, weren't we?
G No, but I like reOadingtweOetsfrorn film about the new products, or shall I?
JENNY Yes, it's ~Iways qt';.itebt';.syin here
• an d fcotbal
stars oot a lers an dOpeople Iike t that.
•
Conversation 2
after w<>rk.
S And what abo·ut Yo·uTube?
SIMON Cheoers. eHARLIE Hi, darling, I'rn home.
J Ye"ah, I I<>veYouTube. I can spend ho·urs REBEeeA Hello. Good day at work?
G&J Che"ers.
watching videos of b~by animals. e Yes, not bad, thanks. Mm, that smells
G sI) h<>wwas the me"eting?
.. .., ..
J Oh, it was q~ite b<>ring, ktua11y. M~rcus
went on about sales figures and cuttmg
S Yea • h·,women 1°oye t h·at sort • o f t h"mg. My•
favourite Yo·uTube videos are the <>nesof
people having hilarious ~ccidents.
good.
R Don't get excited. It's for Harry, not for
c<>stsand stUf like that. you. You haven't forgotten about his first
G Well, my wife p<>stsvideos of the children birthday party on Saturday, have you?
so our relatives can watch them.
e No, of course noto What time does it •
were IWdl killed. ••• often happen
I Droughts people's habits. People are naturally lazy,
start? because ~II the tre·es have IdVI been Ibml 1 think.
R At 3 o'clock, but so me people have said c~t down. I A lot of IdVI towns and Idnl V Yes, too many people just don't make
they'lI be a bit late. c!ties on the co·ast will be flo·oded. lt's the effort. But the government should
e Right. Are your parents coming? •
possible to Itdl predict which pl~ces are do more too. In Germany people have ro
R Yes, of course they are. They wouldn't Idl g;ing to Itdl be hit by an tarthquake. I recycle their rubbish - it's the law. They
miss their grandson's first birthday! This increase in t~mperature is being ca"used should do that here too, 1 think.
e When are they arriving? by m~n-made climate ch~nge. J Yes, 1 suppose you're right. I've got a few
R On Friday. lt's a long way to come and friends who recycle things like you do, but
they wanted to make a weekend of it. 1iJ!J31 most people 1 know just throw everything
e Right. They're not staying here, are they? VAL Hi, James. away. But in future 1'11recycle what 1can.
R No, we thought it would be easier if they JAMES Hello, Val. Hi, Pete. Come in. P Come on, we're late.
didn't. PETE Hi. J Let me get my coat. Won't be a second.
e Have we booked them a hotel room? V Are you ready to go? V We made a little progress there, 1 think.
R Yes,1 did it this afternoon. J Er, not quite. Do you want a coffee? I've P Yes,1 think so. But 1 think he should
e OK. So, how many people are coming? just put the kettle on. recycle that coat. lt looks like his cat
R Er, I'm not sure yet. Some people haven't V Yes, sure. You get ready, we'lI make it. sleeps on it!
replied. J OK. Oh, there's a bit of pasta left if you're
e Should we email everyone again? hungry. liJ!J 32 liJ!J 33
R Yeah, good idea. V Er, no thanks, we've just eaten. Well, I've 1 1 rhink there's a bir of milk in the fridge.
e What about your uncle Bob? found some coffee, but there's no sugar. 2 We hhen't go;~eno·~gh b~g;~of cr!sps.
R What about him? P There's some in that jar by the toas ter. 3 There's hardlyjj/~any foodjn the
e Has he been invited? V Oh yes. c~pboard.
R Of course. 1 know you don't get on with P Hm. There's enough milk for two cups, 4 "
He's gota 1"oto f' nns ,o f"cat f·00 d ."
him, but he's family. Just try not to get but not enough for three, 1 don't think. 5 We ne"ed to g~t~a f~w p~ckets~of biscuits.
into an argument with him this time. V lt's OK, 1'11have it black. 6 There's lots~of coffeejj/~and pl~ntyjj!~of
e 1 will. Perhaps you can ask him not to J And can someone feed the cat? There are •
cups.
break my TV this time toO. plenty of tins of cat food in the cupboard.
R That was an accident. Anyway, come and He has one small tino 1iJ!J34
see what I've got Harry for his birthday. V Sure. Here you go, kitty. James, where do BEVERLY A British tourist has
you put your recycling? beeriattacked byjj/~a sharkoff the
1iJ!J26 J Er, in the bin. coasrof Texas, making jt thejj/~eighth
1 Could you t~1Ime wh~t time it st~rts? (a) V What, the rubbish bin? shark jattack jn Arnerica this year.
2
•
Have you ~ny idta if he's been invited? We now gOjw/~over live
J Yes, that green one over there.
(b) V You should recycle things like tin canso tojw/~Andrewjw/~Evans forjr/~a special
3 Can you t~1Ime wh~n they're arriving? Too much rubbish is just thrown away reporto Andrew, ljj/~understand that the
(a) when a lot of ir could be made into man didn't dOjw/~anyrhing~unusual to
4 Do you know wh~ther we've bo·oked something useful. cause thisartack.
them a hot~1 ro·om? (b) J Yeah, you're probably righr. 1 never ANDREW Yes, that's right, Beverly.
5
•
Do you think we should ~mail ~veryone recycle anything, I'm sorry to sayo Mark Skipper, a 49-yearjr/~0Id man
ag:in? (b) P Well, you're not the only one. Hardly any fromOxford, was just swimrningon
people in our building recycle stuff. Did hisown quite close to the beach when he
1iJ!J29 you know that Germany recycles over wasattacked.
[words in pink = weak forms] 70% of its rubbish, but in the UK it's still B How badly was he hurt?
only about 40%? A Well, we don't have rnuch jnforrnation
ANN Hi, Tom. Wh~t~are you doing~at the
J Hm, that's not much, is it? yet, but we know that his leg was bit ten
moment?
V No, it isn't. And there aren't enough quite badly. He wasimmediately taken
TOM I'rn trying to downlo·ad~an~att~chment,
places to recycle in this city. And did you to hospital and we're waiting to hear how
but my I~ptop keaepscr~shing. Do you
know that on average, every person in the he's doing.
thinkjt's got~a virus?
UK throws away seven times their own B SOjw/~Andrew, whyjj/~are the sharks
A ~hbe. Perháps the software's~a
body weight in rubbish every year? coming jn so close?
bit~out~of d~te. Wh~n did you
J Really? Wow! A Well, Ryan Williamson, who works for
I~st~upd~tejt?
V Well, ir's never too late to start. There's the Texas Parksand Wildlife Department,
T 1 c~n't rem~mber. And it slows
a lot of stuff in your bin that could be believes that thejj;)ncreasejn shark
d•o~n~every
• •
.nme~ 1 try.~to sen
• d~an~emal
" '1.
recycled. Look, there's loads of paper and artacksis becauseof what they call
A 1 think jt's time to g~t yours~lta n~w
• several plastic bottles. The bottles can be dead zones. These , arejr/~areasjn
computer.
made into clothes and the paper is used to thejj/~ocean where rherejr/)sn'r
T 1 was t h'm k'mg jsxacr
• Iy t h·e same t h'ing!
make toilet paper. And all these ernpty cat enoughoxygen, sOjw/~all the fish die.
1iJ!J30 food tins can be recycled and the metal B So rherejr/~aren't~any fish for the sharks
tOjw/~ear.
Tsunárnis are Idl ca"used by tarthquakes used for making fridge parts.
A Exactly, Manyjj/~of these dead zones
~nder the ocean. I They can Ikdnl ~Iso be J You seem to know a lot about all this.
arejr/~actually quite close ro the coast, so
ca"used by a I~ndslide or a volcáno er~pting. I P Well, there's plenty of inforrnation on
the sharks comein closerjr/~and closer
Abo·ut a quárter of IdVI a million people the internet, But it takes rime to change
looking for food.
11
B So what turns~an~areaJr/~of R OK, that's good.
39
theJj/~oceanjntoJw/~a dead zone? L And what about food? What should we
A I'mafraidit'sus, Beverly, people. There's take? ANSWERS 1 A surgeon 2 An operating
too much pollution jn the seaJj/~andjt's R Well, dried food and pasta is good theatre 3 Asthma 4 A specialist 5 The A&E
killingall the fish. And these dead zones because it isn't very heavy ro carry. You department 6 An allergy
cover fairly largeareas - the one we're
talking jibout here, forJr/~example,
can camp by a river and use the water to
cook with.
El!J40
coversabout 5,800 square miles. L OK. That's really useful, thanks. What MOIRA DIXON Hello, I'm Moira Dixon, and
B Andare these dead zones~onlYJj/~around else do you think we should take with us? here are today's main news stories.
the US coast? R Well, you'd better take a torch in case you World leaders have met to discuss the
A No, they're noto According to the United have to walk in the dark. And you'll need global economy at the World Trade
Nations, thereJr/~areJr/~over four it when you're camping too, of course. Summit in Hamburg. EU Finance
hundred dead zonesaround rhe world - And take some spare batteries for your Ministers have asked for more help from
that's nearly three timesas manYJj/~as torch and your camera. the World Bank for countries that are
there were five years ago. L That's a good idea. 1hadn't thought of having problems paying off their debts.
B SOJw;)s the wildlife departrnent jn Texas that. Outside the conference hall, thousands
now saying that people shouldn't go R And don't forget to take a map. It's easy of people have taken part in a
swimming? to get lost in the mountains, particularly demonstration to protest against the
A No, theYJj/~aren't telling people to in bad weather. World Bank's economic policies. The
staYJif~out of the water, but L Right. And what should we do if we get demonstration began peacefully, but
they'veadvised holidaymakers not lost? soon turned violent as protesters tried
to go swimming earlyJif)n the morning R Well, you can try to use the GPS on your
to enter the conference hall and were
orJr/)n theJj/~evening, beca use phone, but you can't always get reception,
stopped by police. At least forty people
thoseare the times when sharks feed. so it's worth taking a compass, just in
have been arrested and six police officers
B Thank you, AndrewJw/~Evans, for that case. And whatever you do, don't lose
have been taken to hospital.
reporto sight of each other. If the weather is bad,
A new report on the environment has just
you and Daniel must stay together at all
a!t8 El!J35 times.
been published. The report shows that the
UK has failed to meet its rargets to reduce
REBECCA So, how can 1help? L Right, thanks. That's really helpful.
CO2 emissions. However, environment
LISA Well, Daniel's asked me to go on a R Oh, and be careful when you're crossing
minister Jack Clarke told reporters that
hiking holiday in the Lake District with rivers. They can be more dangerous than
some progress has been made.
him. they look.
]ACK CLARKE We haven't met our targets
R Oh, right. That sounds fun. L Yes, we will. Do you think it's a good
yet, that's true, but we've made good
L Er, yes, maybe. Anyway, he wanted me to idea to tell someone where we're going?
progress. The amount of CO2 produced
look at his old tent to see if it's still OK. R Yes, definitely. And when you expect to
by the UK has already been reduced by
R Well, 1wouldn't like to be on top of a get back. Then, if you're not back on time,
2.7% in the last three years, which will
mountain in that. If 1were you, I'd buy someone can come and look for you.
help reduce global warming. But we could
a new tent. L Right. That sounds like good advice.
- and we should - do better, and I'm sure
L Yes, maybe you're right. You and Charlie R Oh, and one more thing.
that we will.
have been hiking a few times, haven't you? L What's that?
MD Over 1,500 ancient gold and silver
R Yes, we used to go quite a lot before R Watch out for wolves. There are quite a
objects have been discovered by a retired
Harry was born. few in the Lake District, and you don't
teacher in Wales. 72-year-old Gareth
L Well, could you give me some advice? I've want one of those coming into your tent
jones found the treasure five days ago
never been hiking before and I'm a bit at night.
while he was walking around his brother-
nervous about it. L Wolves? Are you serious?
in-law's farm with a metal detector.
R Yes, of course. Well, firstly, make sure R No, don't worry, I'm only joking. The
Experts say the find, which includes
you take plenty of warm clothes. It can most dangerous thing in the mountains is
coins, swords and items of jewellery,
get really cold at night in a tent. always the weather.
dates back to the 7th century and could be
L OK. L And Daniel's cooking, probably.
worth over fl0 million. One of the UK's
R And it's a good idea to take some R Right, I'd better go and pick up Harry
leading archaeologists, Professor Geoffrey
waterproof clothing in case it rains. from his grandparents. See you later.
Baxter, says that the government needs to
Which it probably will- this is England, L Thanks, Rebecca. See you!
act fast to make sure the treasure stays in
after all. R Bye!
public hands.
L Yes, Daniel's going to lend me his
waterproof jacket. And I've already got El!J38 GEOFFREY BAXTER Some of the items still
haven't been examined, but this is already
a rucksack, a camping stove and a warm 1 Iral hear, near, fear, beer, volunteer,
the most important archaeological
sleeping bag. engineer, cheer
discovery this century. But why haven't
R Great! And make sure you wear 2 leal scared, nightmare, software, spare,
we heard anything from the government
comfortable walking boots. Don't wear stairs, fair, hair
yet? It's important that these pieces are
new boots or else you'll get blisters on 3 13:1 early, earn, heard, murder, turn,
kept for the nation and eventually put
your feet. further, burglar
on display in the British Museum. If the
L Yes, I've got some old boots that are very
government doesn't act soon, some of
comfortable.
them might end up in private collections.
11
M Oh yeso When we tell the truth, our eyes DR Do you know if you're allergic to
~42
tend to move to the right, because the anything?
1 A new sllvey has /haz/ j~st been /bm/ left side of the brain, which stores facts, MR P No, not that 1 know of.
p~blished. control s the right side of the body. DR What have you eaten recently?
2 The g!)vernment has /haz/ j~st pJ1blished l 1see. MR P Well, my two children cooked dinner
•
• survey.
a new M Yes, and when we're Iying, the right side for my wife and me last night. It was our
3 Thre"e pe"ople have /hav/ been /bm/ of the brain, which controls imagination, wedding anniversary, you see, and they
diken to hóspital. makes the eyes go left. wanted to surprise uso
4 The police have /hav/ t~ken thre-e pe·ople I Hmm, that's interesting. DR That was a nice thought. What did you
to h!)spital. M Yes, and people tend to look up when have?
5 -
The government h·asn ,t met
•.•its rargets yet.
•
they're telling the truth, because they're MR P Well, I'm not sure what it was,
6 The t~rgets haven't been /bm/ met yet. getting information from their brain. actually. Some sort of er seafood and
7 The p~y óffer has /haz/ already been If they start Iying, they'lllook down or pasta dish. They spent a long time
/bm/ rejected. straight ahead. When they go back to cooking it, so you know 1felt 1had to eat
8 The w!)rkers have /hav/ alre"ady rejected telling the truth, their eyes will go up it. Ir wasn't ver y nice, to be honesto My
the ph !)ffer. again. wife hardly ate any, so 1ate hers toO.
I've also been told that people put their DR OK, 1 think you've got food poisoning.
~43
hands over their mouths when they're The best thing to do is to rest and don't
ANSWERS 1 has been rejected 2 has just Iying. Is that true? eat anything for the next 24 hours. After
confirmed 3 has been called off 4 have found M Yes, it is. People also touch their noses a that you can eat things like bread or rice,
5 have been discovered 6 has just arrived lot when they're Iying, beca use that covers but no milk or cheese.
7 has already sold 8 've/have just heard the mouth too. MRP Right.
9 has been taken 10 has been described That's fascinating. And what about white DR And drink lots of water, or black tea
lies? with a little sugar in.
~44
M Well, of course most people tell white lies MR P OK. Do 1need ro make another
lNTERVIEWER Welcome back. Wirh me when they don't want to hurt people's appointment?
in the studio is Dr Miriam Richards, feelings, for example, er, saying a meal DR No, I'm sure you'll be fine, but come back
who's a psychologist at the University of was delicious when it was awful. But if you're not feeling better in two days.
Pennsylvania and has just published a some people can also train themselves to MR P Thanks a lot.
new report on the psychology of Iying. be come expert liars, like, er, politicians, DR And maybe tell your children that you
MlRlAM Hi there. for example. want to go to a restaurant next year.
I Now, Dr Richards, why exactly do we lie? Dr Richards, thanks for coming in to talk MR P Yes, 1will. Goodbye.
M Well, put simply, we lie because we want to us today. DR Goodbye.
to control what other people think of M My pleasure. And 1really mean that!
us, and how we see ourselves. The main Conversation 2
reasons we lie are to avoid arguments, to ~46 DOCTOR Hello, Mr Green. Please sit down.
protect ourselves from harm or danger, MR GREEN Thanks. Achooo!
1 My aunt is 40 today. (1st British)
to save face - you know, so that we don't DR What seems to be the problem?
2 1 saw a girl walking across the park.
look stupid in front of orher people - and MR G Well, 1 haven't been feeling very
(1st American)
of course just ro get what we want in life. well recently. My chest hurts and 1keep
3 Why can't you ask your mother?
I And does everybody lie? getting really bad headaches.
(I." American)
M Yes, 1would say that everyone lies at DR Have you been taking anything for
4 My brother's got a lot of cars. (I." British)
some time or other. And anyone who says them?
5 The water isn't very hot. (I" British)
that they don't is obviously a liar! MR G Yes, paracetamol, but er it didn't
6 This party's better than 1 thought.
And how can we tell that someone is lying really help mucho
(1st American)
to us? DR Have you got any other symptoms?
M Well, it's often easier to look at the ~47 MR G Yes, 1can't stop sneezing. Achooo!
person's body language than to listen to DR Yes, 1 can see that. And how long have
ANSWERS 2 feeling 3 allergic 4 eaten
what they're saying. For example, when you been feeling like this?
5 back 6 raking 7 symptoms 8 look
someone is lying, they'll often avoid eye MR G Oh, let me see, it's three days now.
9 temperature 10 prescription
contacto However, very good liars might DR Right, let me have a look at yOU.Say
make more eye contact than usual to try _9~48 "aaaah".
and make you think they're telling the MRG Aaaah ...
Conversation 1
truth. DR That's fine, thanks. I'm just going to take
DOCTOR Hello, Mr Philips. Take a seat.
l Really? your temperature .... Yes, you've got a bit
MR PHlLIPS Thank you.
M Yes, and they often smile a lot too - but of a temperature, but nothing serious. 1
DR Now what seems to be the problem?
they won't be real smiles, of course. think you've got a virus. You need to stay
MR P I'm not feeling very well. I've got
I So how can you tell if a smile is real? in bed and rest for two or three days.
a terrible stomach ache and 1keep
M Well, a real smile uses the muscles around MR G Do 1 need a ... a ...
throwing up.
the eyes, but a fake smile doesn't. So if DR A what?
DR Have you had any diarrhoea?
you can't tell if someone's really smiling, MRG ACHOOO!
MR P No, 1 haven't.
then look at their eyes, not their mouth. DR Bless you!
DR How long have you been feeling like this?
Are there any other ways you can tell if MR G Thanks. Do 1 need some antibiotics?
MR P Since um late last night.
someone is Iying? I'm allergic to penicillin, by the way.
DR No, antibiotics don't work with viruses, reason. Haven't heard from them in, oh, K Him - the guy in the dark suit with curly
but I'm going to give you something er 15 years or so. I've no idea how to get hair and the moustache. It could be the
stronger for the headaches. in touch with them. guy that moved to New York, er, what's
MR G Oh, right. L Well, if you let me have all the his name, Derek something?
DR Here's a prescription for some information you've got, 1'11try to get hold L No, that isn't Derek Bradley. He's the tall
painkillers. of as many people as 1 can. guy over there, the one in the grey suit.
MR G Thanks a loto How often should 1 take P Well, let's see. I'm still in touch with K With the beard?
them? Trevor Jones and his wife, Sheila - they L Yeah.
DR Every four hours. If you're not better in met at our wedding, you know. And then K Oh, right.
three days, then come back and we'lI do there's Jane Lewis. We used to share a L And that's his son, Nick, next to him,
some blood tests. flat together. 1 think 1 still have a phone with the flowery tie and glasses.
MR G Thank you, doctor. number for her somewhere ... K Look, the man with the curly ha ir is
DR Not at al!. Goodbye. coming over.
MRG Bye. BD2 TREVOR Hi, you must be Peggy's daughter.
DR Right, who's the next patient? We were /Wi3/ g;ing to /ti3/ sp~nd our K Yes, that's right, I'm Karen. Hi. And this
AchOOO! Oh no ... annivérsary in W~les. I It was /wi3z/ g;ing is my brother, Leo.
to /ti3/ be• a sur rise
•• parry, I We were /Wi3/ L Nice ro meet you.
I1:!Jso g;ing to /ti3/ visit them l~ter th~t year. I 1 was T Hi, I'rn Trevor Jones. Thanks very much
/~:/ sort, ought, bought, brought, fought, /wez/ suppósed to /ti3/ c~1I you b~ck. I Your for inviting us, it's a wonderful party.
thought ather was /wi3z/ suppósed to /ti3/ bo·ok it K Glad you're having a good time.
/11./ stuff, enough, rough, tough mónths ag<>.I We were /Wi3/ suppósed to /ti3/ T Have you met my wife, Sheila?
/i3u/ grow, though, although leave a m~ssage. K Er, no, not yet.
/au/ shout, drought T She's over there - the one with red ha ir
/u:/ too, through BD3 in the dark brown dress. We first met at
your parents' wedding, you know ...
/0/ off, cough KAREN You look lovely with your ha ir up,
BD1 Mum. And 1 love that red dress.

PEGGY Thank you, Karen. Have you seen
K
P
Haven't you found him yet, Mum?
No, 1 haven't.
PEGGY Hello? your father? K Maybe he's having a secret cigarette
LEO Hi,Mum. K Not for a while, no. Anyway, how are you somewhere.
P Oh, hello darling. How are you? feeling? P Oh, don't be silly. He can't be having a
L I'm OK, thanks. Did you get the message P A bit nervous, actually. And where's Leo? cigarette. He stopped smoking months
1 left yesterday? K I'm not sure. He could be picking people ago. Ah, Leo, there you are. Where's your
P Oh, dear, yes 1 did. 1 was supposed to call up from the station. father? He should be here talking to the
you back, wasn't 1? Sorry, Leo, 1 was out P Oh, right. guests.
all day. Hope it wasn't important. K Who's that, Mum? The woman in the L Well, he might be in the bathroom.
L No, it's OK. It's just that, well, Karen and flowery skirt with wavy ha ir and glasses. P Yes, perhaps. Go and check, will you, Leo?
1 wondered if you had any special plans P That's Brenda Bradley. She was my L Sure, won't be a minute .... Yes, he's in
for your wedding anniversary this year. bridesmaid. there. He's practising his speech in front
You know, as it's your 25th and all that. K That's right. That can't be her real hair of the mirror. He says he'lI be out in a few
P Er, well, we were going to spend our colour, though, can it? It looks dyed to minutes.
anniversary in the cottage in Wales me. P Oh, honestly, he must know that speech
where we had our honeymoon, but it was P Yes, 1 think it is. She used to be fair, by now. We spent hours going over it
already booked. Tom was supposed to 1 think. She must be going grey. last night. Go and get him, will you? I'm
book it months ago, but he forgot. So the K And who's the woman with the blonde going back to join the party.
short answer is no, no plans. hair in the blue suit? Is that Jane Lewis? L Sure. I'm glad we only have to do this
L Right. Karen and 1 want to organise P Yes, it might be. Hang on, she's spotted every 25 years!
a party for you. It was going to be a uso
surprise party, but we can't organise it JAN E Peggy! Gosh, it must be, what, 15 BD6
without you. years since 1 last saw you. PRESENTER Today I'm talking to Wendy
P What a lovely idea! P Hi, Jane. You look fantastic! Robinson, whose new book, 1Do, is a
L Actually, we want to invite all the J Thank you. You too. Um, where's Tom? history of wedding traditions.
people who carne ro your wedding so P Good question. He must be talking to WENDY Hello.
we borrowed some of your old wedding some guests in the other room. Er so, P Wendy, firstof all, we shoul[d] starjt]
photos. But we haven't got a clue who anyway, what are you doing these days? with the mostobvious question. When
most of them are. didour ancestors star[t] getting marrie[d]
LEO Karen!
P Well, we've lost touch with most of them. to each other?
K Ah, there you are. Have you seen Dad?
25 years is a long time. W Oh, weddings have been aroun[d] since
L No, why?
L What about the best man? the beginning of civilisation, bujt] they
K Mum's looking for him.
P Oh, Derek Bradley. Yes, he and his haven'talways be en as peaceful as they
L Well, he must be around somewhere. He
wife, Brenda, were our closest friends are now. In parts of Europe aroun[d]
may want ro be on his own for a bit. You
back then. She was my bridesmaid. two thousan[d] years ago, if there
know, it's a big thing, this party.
They moved to New York just after our weren'tenough single women in the
K Yes, maybe .... Hey, who's that?
wedding. We were going to visit them village, men often wentanjd]
L Who?
later that year, but we didn't go for some kidnappeda woman from another village .
P
W
Really?
Yes, and the man always took a close
r.mm.10 8 C Sorry, it's only insured for Rebecca and
myself. But we can drop you at the station
frien[d] with him to help wirh the Conversation 1 whenever you like.
REBECCA Morning, Ella. Sleep well? No problem, I just thought I'd ask.
kidnapping, which is where the tradition M
ELLA Yes, like a log. What's the time? Is there anything else you need?
of the 'besjt] man' comes from. C
P That's interesting. R About 11.30. M Er, do you think I could use your landline
W That's also why the beslt] man stands E Really? I've be en asleep for nearly 12 to call my parents? I said I would phone
nexjt] to the groom during the wedding hours! them today and I don't have any credir
ceremony, so he could prorecjt] the bride R Well, I'm sure it'lI take a few days to left on my mobile.
if her family trie[d] to come an[d] take her recover. It's a long flight from Delhi. C Yes, of course. Go ahead. The phone's in
back. E Yeah, it took about 11 hours, and we the front room, by the window.
P Well, I'm please[d] thajt] things have didn't sleep at all on the planeo Mike's M Thanks a loto
movedon a bijt] since then. An[d] still fast asleep. I'm starving. Can I make C While you do that, 1'11 get Rebecca's
whataboujt] wedding rings? Where di[d] myself some breakfast? laptop so you can upload those photos.
R Yes, of course you can. Help yourself. M Thanks.
they originate?
W Thajt] tradition was starte[d] by the You know where everything is.
AncientEgyptians. An[d] the wedding E Thanks. And thanks a lot for letting us
stay for a bit, Rebecca. That's really kind
11:&9
ring is always worn on the thir[d] ANSWERS 2 a 3 b 4 a 5 a 6 b
finger of the left han[ d] beca use the of you.
R No problem. Stay as long as you like, 12
AncientEgyptians believe[d] the vein of
tha[t] finger was the 'vein of love' an[d] it's nice to have the company. Is there ROB Hi, Sue. What~are you doing jat the
ran directly to the heart. anything else you need? weekend?
E Er, well, all our clothes are absolutely SUE We're planning to gOjw/~away.
P Oh, right. An[d] whataboujt] wedding
cakes? filthy from all the travelling. May I use R Really? Where~are youjw/~off to?
W Well, they've be en aroun[d] since your washing machine? S We'rejr/~off to Dublin forjr/~a wedding.
Ancienjt] Greek an[d] Roman times. R Actually, I was just going to put some We have to check jn jar ten, so we're
The Greeks use[d] to throw small cakes washing in. I need sorne clean clothes for setting~oftat~eight.
ajt] the bride an[d] groom, while the Harry. Bur you can use it later if you like. R Well, this weekend Tm going to
Romans use[d] to break a cake over rhe E Grear, thanks. tidyjj/~uP mYjjcoffice. I've been
bride's head. Both of these were symbols R So what are your plans? putring jroff forjr/~ages, but ] really
of fertility - you know, to help the bride E Well, I need to look for a job, actually. need to sort)t~out.
have lots of children. We spent all our money on the India trip. S SOjw/_are you going to bejj;jn~all
P And am I rightjn thinking that's why R You could talk to Charlie. Apparently weekend?
people throw confetti too? they need a new PA in the office. R Yes,_ljj/~am. Do you want me to
W Yes, exactly. Guesrs use[d] to throw E Really? That's interesring, 1'11 talk to him look jafter your cat while you'~r/~away?
wheat, rice or nuts coated jn sugar over about it later. It's much colder here than in S That'd be great, thanks. See yOUjw/_on
the happy couple to help them have Delhi. Do you mind if I borrow a jumper? Monday!
children, andalso to wish for a successful R No, not at all. They're in the bottorn
drawer in our bedroom. Pick whichever 13
harvest. Now, of course, people ten[d] to
throw confetti instead. one you like. GABI Hello, On The Box. Can I help you?
P OK, so then the happy couple go on their E Great, thanks a loto Be back in a minute. FIONA Hello. Um, can I speak to Max
honeymoon. Where di[d] thajt] tradition Conversation 2 Foster, please?
originate? CHARLIE Oh, Mike, what's it like to be G I'm afraid he 's in a meeting all day. I'm
W Well, one theory says this startedin back in the UK? his PA, Gabi. Can I take a message?
Babylonia aboult] 4,000 years ago. After MIKE Well, it's quite strange, acrually. We F Er, yes, probably. My name's Fiona
the wedding the bride's father gave his were only in India for a rnonth, but it feels Robbins, and I'm er going to be in your
new son-in-law all the mead - that's like we were away for ayear. But it's ver y new TV drama Undercover.
beer made from honey - the man coul[d] nice to be back. G Oh yes, of course. You're going to be Kat,
drink. This was drunk for the nexjt] C And when are we going to see your aren't you?
month - andas the calendar was photos? F That's right, yeso Anyway um I'm afraid I
basedon the moon, this periodof time M Oh er they're all still on our camera at the can't come to the meeting on Monday.
after the wedding beca me known as the momento Er, is ir OK if I use your laptop G Oh, dear. Why's that?
honeymoon. ta upload some photos? F Well, um I'm in hospital. I was in a car
P And jn the UK, women are tradirionally C Sorry, I left mine at work. But I'm sure accident and I've broken my lego
allowe[d] to propose to men on the 29th Rebecca willler you use hers. G Oh, how terrible!
February. Why is that? M Thanks a loto Then I can show them to F Yes, I won't be able to walk on it for a
W Ah, this dates back hundreds of years, you and Rebecca later, if you like. month, or so they tell me.
when the leap year wasn'[t] recognise[d] C Yeah, good idea. We could do it after G Poor you! That must be awful!
by law. For this reason, women believe[d] dinner. F Well, it's quite painful, yeso But I've
thajt] they didn'[t] have to follow the M Oh, I have another big favour to ask you. already had one operation. Ir went quite
usual traditions, so they feljt] they Would you mind if I borrowed your car well, I think.
couldask their men to marry them. some time this week? My brother lives G Well, that's good news, at least.
P An[d] whataboutother traditions, such about 20 miles away and I haven't seen F Yes, I suppose so. And I'm having another
as ... him for ages. operation on Friday. I hope it's going to
beOK. G Yes, I know. M Fine. Is that al!?
G Oh, I'm sure it is. M So what did you tell her? G And there's er one more.
F Thanks. Anyway, about Undercover. G I told her they were going to start filming M What's that?
I stil1 want to be in the pragramme, of soon. G Your ex-wife told me she'd sold the house.
course, but I don't know what to do. M Good. So she knows that we have to find M What?! Get [h)er on the phone - now!
G Wel1, they're going to start filming soon, someone else.
I think. G Well, er, not exact!y.
F Yes, I know. M What do you mean? GABI I'm sorry, I don't know what you're
G Wel1, um, you rnust talk to Max. And the G I told her that she had to talk to yOU. talking about.
sooner, the better, real1y. Um, can he cal1 Here's her mobile number. EVA We've been watching you for a while,
you tomorrow? M Right. While I'm doing this, find someone you know. We've got it all- phone
F Yes, please. He can cal1 me on my mobile, else ro play Kat. I want three people conversations, emails, text messages,
which is 07700 900348. he re for auditions first thing tomorrow bank statements, the loto
G Er, yes, of course. morning. G You're joking! You mean you're a cop?
F Thanks. Look, I'm real1y sorry about this. G Sure, will do. Before you go, you had E Got it in one, mate. And I hope you like
G Don't worry. 1'11ask Max to cal1 you back some other messages too, prison food, because unless you start
in the morning. M Who from? giving me some names, you're going to be
F OK. G Well, Mr Hall said he ... eating it for the next ten years.
G And get wel1 soon! MAX Thank you very much um Eva. That
F Thanks a lot. Bye. El) 16 was very good. Thanks, Gabi.
G Bye. GABI Sure, will do. Before you go, you had G No problem. See you later.
some other messages too. M Now, Eva, I'd like to ask you a few
El) 14 MAX Who fram? questions.
GABI Hel1o, Max. G Well, Mr Hall said [h)e had to talk to E Sure, go ahead.
MAX Morning, Gabi. Any messages? you. M Are you working at the moment?
G Yes, quite a few, actual1y. Um, we've got M OK, 1'11call [h)im later. What's [h)is E Er, not at the moment, no.
a problem. number? M Do you have any acting work in the next
M Oh, what's that? G He only gave me his mobile number. three momhs?
G Fiona Robbins cal1ed. You know, Here it is. E Well, maybe. I've had some auditions
the actress who's going to be Kat in M What does [h)e want, anyway? I talked to for other TV pragrammes, but I'm still
Undercover. him last week. waiting to hear back frorn them.
M Uh huh ... G Apparent!y his wife wants [h)er script M And what was your last acting job?
G Wel1, she's braken her leg. back. E I played a nurse in an episode of Ward
M You're joking! M Well, send it to her - it was rubbish Six recent!y - you know, the TV hospital
G No, real1y, it's true. She said that she'd anyway. What's next? soap. I got hit by a car and ended up as a
been in a car accident. G Er ... Carl told me he was going to be in patient in the hospital I worked in. I died
M Oh no! That's the last thing we need. New York next week. at the end of the episode. But it was a ver y
G Yes, I know. But she's being looked after M Why is [h)e going to New York? He challenging parto
very wel1, I think. She told me that she'd should be going ro L.A. That man's an M OK, that sounds good. What other parts
already had one operation. idiot. 1'11call [h)im later. have you had recent!y?
M Well, that's good news, I guess. G And Sid said that [h)e hadn't understood E Before that, well, I was a schoolteacher in
G Yes, I think so. And she said that she was your email. Maybe you should call [h)im a film called Flowers in Winter. I had the
having another operation on Friday. back. lead role in that. Ir was quite a demanding
M Did she say when she'd be able to work M OK, I will. Is that it? role, but very rewarding too. The film's
again? G Er, not quite. Who's next? Um, oh yes, coming out next month, I think.
G Not exact!y. But she said she wouldn't be Linda Wise said she couldn't come to M Right. And where did you study acting?
able to walk on it for a month. Monday's meeting. E I trained at the London School of Drama
M Oh, I don't believe it! Does she realise M Did she say why? for three years.
how serious this is? G Yes, she's hurt [h)er back again. M Really? Hm, that's good. And the last
G Yes, I think so. She sounded quite worried M Typical. I told [h)er to see a doctor. She question. Are you available to srart next
about it. just won't listen. week?
M Not her leg - the fact that we're going to G And Mrs Lee told me the designs would E Next week? Yes, I think so.
lose our lead actress! be ready on Monday. M OK, that's about all. Thanks for coming
G Anyway, she told me she couldn't come to M Well, that's some good news, at least. in. We've got your number, haven't we?
the meeting on Monday. G Yes, I told [h)er you'd be pleased. What's E Yes, it's on my CV - or you can call my
M No, obviously noto What was she next? Oh, Ted Black said [h)e was having agent.
thinking of? a party on Saturday. M Fine. We'lIlet you know by rhe end of the
G Well, I don't think she planned to be in a M Who on earth is Ted Black? day. Have you got any questions?
car crash. G You know, the film producer. I told [h)im E Yes, I've got a couple, actually. Who are
M No, I suppose noto What else did she say? you'd be there. the other actors in Undercover?
G She said she still wanted to be in the M Oh no! You know I can't stand [h)im.
programme. G He said [h)e wanted to talk to you about
M What, in a wheelchair? She's supposed to a new praject.
be an undercover cop!
11
ra:g.18 M Oh, and one more thing. Don't accept any
more work. This is a full-time job and
H
R
What?!
They've put an undercover cop in the
JOE So, how did it go? you'lI be busy for the next three months, gallery. [A] Girl called Kat.
EVA Oh, quite well, 1 think. It was quite
at least. H You're joking.
stressful, though. 1 had to read from E No, of course noto Thanks again. Bye. R Do 1 look like 1'm joking? That's why 1
the script, then Max, the producer, M Bye. called you back this afternoon from a
interviewed me. E Wow! l've got the job! payphone and told you to meet me here
J What did he ask you? JOE Congratulations! That's brilliant! instead.
E First he asked me if 1 was working at the E Yes, 1 can't believe it! A TV series ... and H [Are you] Sure you weren't followed?
momento 1'm the main character! R No, the cops went to the warehouse.
J And how did you deal with that? J So what did he say? Idiots, So, [have you] got the statues?
E Well, um 1couldn't tell him 1 was a E Well, he asked me to come to a meeting H [They're] In the van. 41'U put them in your
waitress working parr-tirne in a café, on Monday. He wants me to meet rhe car myself, if you like.
could 1? So 1 said no. Then he asked what director and the other actors. R Hang on a minute. Are the diamonds
my last acting job had been, so 1 told him
J That's great! inside them?
about Ward Six. E Yes he told me to be at their offices at ten. H [Of] Course they are.
J That's good. It shows you're a working
J Ex;ellent. Did he say anything else? R They'd better be. Or we'lI both end up
actress - well, some of the time, anyway. E Yes, he told me not to accept any more dead.
E Very funny. He also asked if 1 had any work. This is going to last three months, H Hey, relax. AII 1 want is the money. Er ...
acting work in the next three months. at least, where is ir, by the way?
J And what did you say? J Fantastic! So what's your character's R [It's] In the bag. Two million, used ten-
E 1 told him about the other auditions and name again? pound notes, just like we agreed.
said 1was very hopeful. That was the best E Kat. 1 don't know much about her yet, but H Perfecto Hey, Rupert, when this is all over,
thing to say, don't you think? it sounds like a really challenging part. 5would you like to come and visit me in
J Yes, probably. Apparently she's an undercover cop ... Amsterdam?
E
J
Oh, and he wanted to know where 1'd
studied acting.
Uh-huh,
ra:g.21 R [1] Don't think that's a good idea. But if
this works, 61'U definitely buy some more
DARREN [Are you] Sure this is the place, of your statues. ow help me carry this
E So 1 told him about the drama school, of Glenn? one ...
course. GLENN Yeah. [The] Warehouse on Tudor
Did he ask anything else? KAT l've locked up the gallery, Gloria. Here
J Srreet. [At] Seven thirty.
E Er ... let me think ... yes, he asked me are the keys.
D [It] Looks closed to me. [Do you] Want a GLORIA Thanks. Um, Kat, before you go,
what other parts I'd had recently. cigarette?
You told him about Flowers in Winter, can 1 talk to you in the office?
J G No, thanks, mate. [1] Gave up last week.
1 hope. K Of course.
D Yeah, right. [Have you] Heard frorn Kat G After you .... Put your hands on your
E Of course. Then ... guess what? recently?
What? head. Now!
J G Not since four. She'lI call if she needs to.
E He wanted to know whether 1 was K What's going on?
They're late. G 1 have a gun pointing at your head.
available to start next week! D Only five minutes. Maybe they're stuck in
Next week?! So you've got the part? 7If you turn around, I'll kill you.
J traffic or something.
E Er, no, not exactly - he said he'd let me K Gloria, there must be some mistake.
G Maybe. Let's wait a few more minutes. G There's no mistake, 'Kat' - if that is your
know by the end of the day. But 1 have a D Yeah, OK. lWe'll wait and see what
good feeling about this, 1 really do. real name. We know you're a cop, so let's
happens. stop playing games, shall we?
J Well, 1 really hope you get it. Will you G 1'm getting abad feeling about this.
stilllove me when you're famous? K What are you talking about? Of course 1'm
D Me too. 2W"hydon't we call Kat? Where is not a cop. Whatever gave you that idea?
E No, 1'11start going out with a good- she tonight, anyway?
looking man who's got a well-paid, G 1 saw you bugging our phone the other
G [She's] Out on a date. night. Now if you don't start telling me
glamorous job! D A date? You're joking. Who with?
Hey! the truth, 1'11put a bullet between your
J G The son, Dom. [She] Thought she could
ra:g.20 get some information out of him.
D lnformation. Right.
pretty little ears.
K OK, you're right. 81 work for the
We know what you and Rupert have
seso
EVA Hello? G [Have you] Got a cigarette?
MAX Hello, is that Eva West? been doing. But if you help us, 1'11make
D [1] Thought you said you'd given up. it easier for you.
E Yes, it is. G That was last week. 30h, don't forget
M This is Max Foster from On The Box. G 9¡'m not going to help the police. 1'd
to turn the camera on when they arrive. rather go to prison.
E Oh, er, yes, hi! We need this on film.
M Good news! You've got the job! K They've probably arrested Rupert already,
D Yeah, 1 know. Where are they? you know.
E Really? Oh, that's wonderful, thank you!
M No problem. Can you come to a meeting RUPERT Hendrik. At last. 1 said seven thirty. G 1 don't think so. We're one step ahead of
on Monday? HENDRIK Sorry 1'm late, Rupert. [1] Had a you. Now sit down and shut up.
E Er, yes, of course. What time? bit of a problem finding it. Why didn't we DOM Kat, are you there? Kat?
M Be at our offices at ten. The director and meet at the warehouse, like we usually G lODon't saya word.
all the other acrors will be here too. do? D Kat, the taxi's waiting ... where are you?
E Yes, of course. R [The] Cops are watching me, that's why. Kat?
11
~11 EmJ.22 E
A
And could you tell me his surname again?
Nielson.
B
A
23 Jerrard Street, SE19. •
Is Bthat Gerrard 9with a G?
e
ELLA Hello, Getaway Holidays. How can E Is that spelt N-i-e-l-s-e-n? B No, it's IOwith a J.
1 help you? A No, it's N-i-e-l-s-o-n. 4
MR KRANE Hello, my name's Bob Krane. E Right. Got it. A Sorry, llwhat did you say his name was
Can 1 speak to Tanya Wilson, please? A And could you check that all our sales again?
E I'm sorry, she's out of the office all day. reps have been invited to the sales B It's Trevor Martyn.
Would you like to leave a message? conference? A And is that l2speJt M-a-r-t-i-n?
MR K Er ... yes, if you don't mind. E Er, are you talking about the UK sales B No, it's M-a-r-t-y-n.
E Sorry, what did you say your name was conference? A And do you !3want to talk to him l4about
again? A No, the European one. It's in Lisbon next •
this year's conference?
MR K Bob Krane. month. B No, next year's conference.
E Is that Crane with a C? E OK. 1'11check they've all been invited.
MR K No, with a K.
E Right, thank you. And what was the
A Thanks a lot. EmJ.28
E Is there anything else 1 can help you with? 1 /í;¡n/ reception, collection, prornótion,
message? A No, that's all, 1 think. But if you have any prescription, educátion, invitation,
MR K Um, well, your company wants to problems, give me a call on my mobile. conversátion, informátion, organisárion,
send customers to our hotel s here in E Er, 1haven't got your number. pronunciárion, examination
Florida and I'd like to meet with her when A Oh, right hang on. It's um, 07700 900372. 2 •
/Id3/ message, •
village, •
language,
1come to the UK next week to discuss a E Sorry, 1 didn't quite catch that. Can you •
damage, •
sausa~e, l·
uggage,pac• k age
contract. give it to me again, please? 3 /tí;¡/ f~ture, miniature, temperature,
E OK. Shall 1 ask her to call you? A Sure. 07700 900372. manufacture
MR K Actually, I'm flying to London E Thanks. 1 won't call unless 1have to.
Heathrow on Thursday on other Have a great holiday! EmJ.29
business. I'm only in the UK for 48 hours, A Will do. And good luck with the new job! 1
so perhaps Tanya could meet me at a Bye. ]ULIET We've been standing here for nearly
hotel near Heathrow for lunch on the E Bye. twenty minutes.
day 1 arrive. I'm on ... er, let's see, British A Thanks for waiting. City centre please. LENNY Yes, 1know. But I'm sure one will be
Airways flight BA614 from Miami, which
arrives at Heathrow at 11.15 a.m. EmJ.25 along soon.
] 1wish we had a caro
E Sorry, 1didn't get all of that. Could you
1 • L Yeah, me too, but you know we can't
say it again, please? ELLA Is that Crane with a C? afford one, not until 1find a job.
MR K Yes, British Airways flight BA614 MR KRANE No, with a K ] Yeah, 1 know, I'm just saying. If we had a
from Miami, which arrives at Heathrow
2 • car, 1 wouldn't spend half my life waiting
at eleven fifteen.
ELLA Do you mean this Wednesday, the for buses.
E Flight BA614 from Miami.
twelfth? L Oh look, here's one. See, 1 told you.
MR K That's right.
ANDY No, next Wednesday, the ninete"enth. 2
E And it arrives at eleven fifty.
MR K No, not eleven fifty, eleven fifteen. 3 AMANDA Do you fancy a drink? Sally and 1
E OK, Mr Krane, I'lllet her know as soon ELLA Is that spelt N-i-e-l-s-e-n? are off to the pub.
as she gets in tomorrow. ANDY No, it's N-i-e-l-s-o-n. RYAN Oh, 1 wish 1 could come with you. But
MR K Thank you very mucho Bye. 1 have to stay and finish this reporto
4 •
E Goodbye. ELLA Er, are you talking about the UK A Can't you do it tomorrow?
sales conference? R No, Brian wants it before he goes home.
ELLA Hello, Getaway Holidays. Can 1 help
ANDY No, the Européan one. He's off to New York in the morning.
you?
A Well, if you finish it in the next hour or
ANDY Hi, it's Andy. How are things?
E Oh, hello Andy. Er, fine, 1 think. There's a
EmJ.26 two, give me a cal!.
1 R Yes, 1 wil!. 1 could really do with a drink.
lot to learn, though.
A Hello, lcan 1 help you? Anyway, have a good time. Now, where
A I'm sure you'll be fine. If you're not sure
B Yes, can 1 speak to Mr Smith, please? was I?
about anything, just ask Charlie.
E Yes, 1 wil!. Anyway, aren't you supposed A Do you 2mean R~n Smith? 3
to be on holiday in Morocco? B No, Éd Smith. ]ASON Are you enjoying this film?
A Yes, 1 am, but I'm not leaving till 2 TINA No, it's rubbish, isn't it? Actually, I'm
tomorrow, and there are a couple of A Can you call Gary on extension 223 and sick of sitting here watching telly in this
things 1 didn't have time to do before 1 remind him about the meeting? freezing cold flato
left on Friday. B Sorry, 1 didn't 3get all of that. Did you ] Yeah. 1 wish 1 was on a beach somewhere,
E Well, can 1 help? "say extension 2;3? you know, relaxing in the sunshine.
A Yes, if you don't mind. Firstly, could you A No, extension 223. T Yeah, we could really do with a holiday,
call Rupert Nielson at The Times and tell B And are you Stalking about today's couldn't we? It's a shame we're so broke.
him that the meeting on Wednesday has meeting? J Do you fancy going for a walk?
been cancelled. A No, tom~rrow's meeting. T No, 1 can't be bothered. Let's see what
E Do you mean this Wednesday, the else is on.
3
twelfth? A Sorry, 1 didn't quite 6catch that. Can you
A No, next Wednesday, the nineteenth. 7give me your address again?
11
4 have started my own business, bur it's been ROBIN Thank you.
MOLLY You look nice. 1can't remember really successful. I've always fancied working P Robin, what can you t~1Ius abo·ut Stan
when 1 last saw you in a suit. from home, and so 1moved to the country Le~'s early Irfe?
PATRICK Thanks. But 1wish we didn't have and bought a nice litrle cottage. 1 wouldn't R Well, his réal name was Stanley Lieber,
to go to this party. 1don't really feel up have left London if I'd srayed with the ad and he started working for a company
to it. agency. 1don't get as much money as 1 used called Timely Comics when he was
M Oh, you can't miss your sister's birthday. to, but I'm much happier than 1was then. sixteen. Twenty yéars later the company
Anyway, you'lI enjoy it when you're rhere. MICHELLE Well, for me it's probably the - which was now called Marvel Comics
P Yes, 1suppose so. But let's not hang day 1won my first race. When 1was a kid 1 - was almost broke, so Le~ was asked to
around for roo long after dinner. used to get into trouble a lor at school, and inv~.nt some new süperheroes.
M No, of course noto So, which of these the only thing 1enjoyed was running, which P Which characters did he create?
dresses should 1wear? 1was always quite good ato Then one day my R First he created a comic called The
P Er ... 1 don't mind, it's up to you. dad took me to the local athletics club. When Fant~stic Fo·ur, which was v~ry succ~ssful
M The red one, 1 think ... or maybe the we got there 1 found out that he'd entered and saved the company. This was
green one. me for the 400 metres! 1 was really nervous, followed by The Incr~dible Httlk, The
5 but 1won by over two seconds. That was the X-Men, and then, er, Spider-Man.
DYLAN Are you off? turning point for me. If 1hadn't won that P Wh~re did the idéa for Spider-Man come
BARBARA Yes,!'m meeting Jackie at the race, I'd never have become a serious athlete. from?
station in a few minutes. 1started training really hard and three years R W~II, accórding to Stan Lee hirnsélf, he
D Well, give her my love. later 1managed to get into the British youth was in his office trying to come üp with a
B Will do. 1 wish you were coming to the athletics team. I've got better as I've got süperpower for a n~w character he'd jüst
• While
created. • he was sitting
• •
there,
theatre with me. older and now 1 want to compete in the next
D You know I'rn not really into musicals. Olympics. So, yeah, running's changed my he was watching a fly walking üp a wall.
Anyway, I've got to finish marking all life. If 1 hadn't started doing this, I'd have got Then he tho·ught, wouldn't it be gréat if
these exams. into a lot more trouble, I'rn sure of that. my character could walk üp walls like
B OK.!'II see you later. an •insect? So Spider-Man
• •
was born.
D Have a good time. Bye. E!!J33 Actually, he néarly called him insect-
1 They'd have come to the party if they'd Man.
30 wanted to. P Réally?
A SWERS 1 could 2 wasn't/weren't 2 If you'd left a message, I'd have called Res, but he tho·u ht it jüst d!dn't so·und
3 didn't have to 4 had 5 were staying you back. right. Then he tned Crawling-Man,
6 was/were 7 could 8 didn't have to 3 He wouldn't have sold his car if he Milsquito-Man ... and th~n finally
9 liked 10 was/were sitting hadn't lost his job. Spider-Man.
4 If 1 hadn't been so tired, I'd have gone P And Spider-Man was rather different to
• 31 out last night. éarlier süperheroes, wasn't he?
CAROL The most important moment in 5 If he hadn't moved to New York, he R Yes, absoliltely, The character P~ter
Parker - who's Spider-Man, of co·urse-
my life was um the day 1met Owen. An old
friend was having a party, but the weather
was so bad that 1nearly didn't bother going.
wouldn't have met his wife.
34
. .
was a tyPical yo·ung güy. He had problems
with girls, he missed appdinjrnenrs, he
just think, if I'd stayed at home, 1wouldn't if they'd wanted to --+ They'd have /;)v/ come cou• Id'n t pay
• t h·e rent, t heat k'm d o f t h'mg.
have rnet my husband. Anyway, my friend to the pacty if they'd wanted to. I I'd have So um ~ven thcugh he had these amazing
introduced me to Owen and we got on really /ev/ called you back --+ If you'd I~ft a süperpowers, he was strU a normal güy
well. He was only in London for a few days - with all the problems yo·ung people
message, I'd have /;)v/ called you back. if he
he's American, you see - and he was supposed üsually have.
hadn't lost his job --+ He wo·uldn't have /;)v/
to fly back to Boston the following day. But P How did he get his süperpowers?
sold his car if he hadn't lost his job. I'd have
the next morning Owen called me to say that R wéll, in the original comic P~ter Parker
/ev/ gone
• out
• least night
~ --+ 1f· •
1 hadn't been • •
Heathrow airport was closed beca use of ice was bitten by a radioactive spider at a
so tire,
• d I'd h··ave /;)v/ gone out last
• nighr,
!
and snow. He'd have flown home that day if science rnuséurn. This gave him his süper
he wo·uldn't have /;)v/ m~t his wife --+
the weather hadn't been so bad. Anyway, he strength and his "spider s~nse", which is
If he hadn't moved to N~w York, he
invited me out for lunch and we gor to know his ability to s~nse danger. And of c6urse
wo·uldn't have /ev/ met his wife.
each other a bit better. He flew home the next he er can also climb üp the sides of
day, but by that time we were already madly E!!J;S5 b;ildings, which is v~ry üseful!
P As we've all seen in rhe films.
in love. We got married two years later - and [words in pink = weak forms]
the rest, as they say, is history. R Y~s, inde-ed. And a fÜnny litde act is Stan
PRESENTER Hello and w~lcome to the Le"eoften appéared in his characters'
ANTHO y For me the, um ... probably the programme. Stories of süp.erheroes have movies - usually as a hot-dog seller.
biggest turning point in my life was when 1 entert;!ined us for ne"arly eighty years, and P Robin, thanks v~ry müch for coming in to
lost my job. 1 was working for an advertising one of the most popular of th~se is Spider- talk to us todáy.
agency, but they got into financial trouble and Man. Today I'm talking to the aüthor R My pléasure.
had to get rid of some people, including me. 1 Robin Baker, whose n~w bo·ok
got quite depressed at first, but 1 was getting Sttperhero, tells the story of Spider- Man's 37
fed up with working for a big agency anyway. creator, Stan Lee. W~lcome to the Listening Test (see Teacher's Book)
So 1 decided to start my own online design programme, Robin.
company. If 1 hadn't lost my job, 1 wouldn't
Phonemic Symbols
Vowel sounds
l'dl lrel lul 101 III lil lel IAI
father ªgo ªpple cat book could Qn gQt in swim happy easy b~d ªny CliP linder
13:1 10:1 lu:1 I'J:I li:1

her shirt arm car blue too born wª,k eat meet
le'dI 11'd1 IU'd1 I'JII lall /ei/ l'dul laul

chair where near here tour mature boy nQlsy nine eye llight day gQ Qver out brown
Consonantsounds
Ipl Ibl Ifl Ivl Itl Idl Ikl 191
!2ark sou{2 12e ro12 jace laugQ yery liye time whlte Qog reQ gold lools girl bag
181 101 ItSI Id31 Isl Izl ISI 131

think both mother the chips teach job page ~ee rige ~oo day~ shoe acllon televi~ion
Iml Inl 11)1 Ihl 111 Irl Iwl Ijl

me name now rain si.Q.9 think bot band late heilo marry write '!:le white iOU ies I
Irregular Verb List

infinitive Past Simple past participle infinitive Past Simple past participle
be was/were been let let let
become became become lie lay lain
begin began begun lose /lu:z/ lost lost
b~ b~ bet make made made
bite bit bitten meet met met
blow blew blown pay paid /perd/ paid /peld/
break broke broken put put put
bring brought /br:J:t! brought /br:J:t! read /ri:d/ read /red/ read /red/
build /bIld/ built /bIlt! built /bIlt! ride rode ridden
buy bought /bJ:t! bought /bJ:t! ring rang rung /rAI)/
can could /kud/ been able run ran run
catch caught /kJ:t! caught /kJ:t! say said /sed/ said /sed/
choose chose /tf;mz/ chosen see saw /SJ:/ seen
come came come sell soId soId
cost cost cost send sent sent
cut cut cut set set set
do did done /d,m/ shake shook /fuk/ shaken
draw /dr:J:/ drew /dru:/ drawn /drJ:n/ shoot shot shot
drink drank drunk /drAI)k/ show showed shown
drive drove driven sing sang sung /S:.
eat ate eaten sink sank sunk
fall fell fallen sit sat sat
~ed ~d fed sleep slept slept
feel felt felt speak spoke spoken
find found found spell spelled/spelt spelt
fly flew /flu:/ flown /flaun/ spend spent spent
forget forgot forgotten split split split
get got got (US: gotten) spread spread spread
give gave given stand stood stood
go went been/gone steal stole stolen
grow /grau/ grew /gru:/ grown /graun/ strike struck struck
hang hung hung swim swam swum /SW.\IIL
have had had take took /tuk/ taken
hear heard /h3:d/ heard /h3:d/ teach taught /tJ:t! taught lb.
hide hid hidden tell told told
hit hit hit think thought /eJ:t! thought /eJ.
hold held held throw /erau/ threw /eru:/ thrown /eraun/
keep kept kept understand understood understood
know knew /nju:/ known /naun/ wake woke woken
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt wear WOrn worn
leave left left win won /wAn/ won /wAn/
lend lent lent write wrote written

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C-.q,v...nt .

¡-¡¡¡~¡ ••¡¡ CAMBRIDGE

likes and dislikes

positive and negative verb forms, words

1C .Jointhe club! p10 adjectives (1): feelings

10 Nice to meet you p12 question tags

Extra Practice 1 and Progress Portfolio 1 p115 Self-study DVD-ROM 1

2C Sleepless nights p18 sleep; gradable and strong adjectives;

20 What's the matter? p20 showing concern, giving and

Extra Practice 2 and Progress Portfolio 2 p116 Self-study DVD-ROM 2

3C Voluntourism p26 word building (1): suffixes for adjectives

30 A trip to India p28 asking for and making

Extra Practice 3 and Progress Portfolio 3 p117 Self-study DVD-ROM 3

4C Unusual days out p34 guessing meaning from context

40 It's only a game! p36 softening opinions and making

Extra Practice 4 and Progress Portfolio 4 p118 Self-study DVD-ROM 4

5A Our new home p38 homes making comparisons: comparatives,

5C Birthdays p42 verb patterns (1)

50 Things I need p44 materials explaining wha· you need

Extra Practice 5 and Progress Portfolio 5 p119 Self-study DVD-ROM 5

68 Fear of failure p48 reflexive pronouns zero conditional; conditionals with

6C Touch wood p50 synonyms

60 The village festival p52 =

How hard do they work? In praise 01 slow Rules at my place 01 work,

My music Three people's best ever musical Questions with used lo

What would you do?

70 Can you tel! me ... ? p60 indirec and direct questions

Extra Practice 7 and Progress Portfolio 7 p121 O Self-study DVD-ROM 7

88 Recycle! p64 containers quantifiers: a bit 0(, too much/ many,

8C Dangers at sea p66 word building (2): prefixes and opposites,

80 A hiking trip p68 warnings and advice

Extra Practice 8 and Progress Portfolio 8 p122 O Self-study DVD-ROM 8

9C Human behaviour p74 body movements and responses

90 At the doctor's p76 what doctors say; what patients say

Extra Practice 9 and Progress Portfolio 9 p123 O Self-study DVD-ROM 9

10A The anniversary p78 contacting people was/were going to,

10C Ido! p82 phrasal verbs (3)

100 Do you mind if I ... ? p84 asking for, giving and

Extra Practice 10 and Progress Portfolio 10 p124 O Self-study DVD-ROM 10

11C Undercover p90 verb patterns (2): reporting verbs

110 It's my first day p92 checking informa Ion

Extra Practice 11and Progress Portfolio 11 p125 O Self-study DVD-ROM 11

128 Important moments p96 phrases with get third conditional

12C Superheroes p98 word building (3): word families

End of Course Review p101

Mydiet Just juice Sentences with relative clauses

Where I get my news Here is today's news Four news stories

Things people do at work I've had an accident Reported sentences

My phone habits ED-It's my first day Ella's messages Taking messages

QUICK REVIEW Meeting new people Talk to

Vocabulary and Speaking

do people round for dinner

b Work in pairs. Ask questions with How often do you ... ?,

Listening and Speaking

b lB!It1 Listen and write two things

HELP WITH LlSTENING

Work in new pairs. Student A p102.

Get ready ... Get it right!

QUICK REVIEW Question forms Choose a

Vocabulary and Speaking

1really love 4 ,bu my wife doesn't like it

HELP WITH GRAMMAR l!iJI. 3 IQ¡lul!il/¡gr.iiUl/1 Listen and practise.

QUICK REVIEW Likes and dislikes Write the names of three