SPECIFICATION P-129:85

(UDC 621.314.222)

VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS

DESIGN DEPARTMENT (NTDC)

CONTENTS

0. Foreword
1. Scope
2. Reference Specification
3. Service Conditions
4. Ratings
5. Requirements
6. Terminal Markings
7. Rating Plate
8. Tests
9. Drawings and Descriptive Data
10. Packing

PRINTING HISTORY

Reprinted on April, 1986

Incorporated Amendment No. 1 & 2

1
 SPECIFICATION P-129:85

VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS

0. FOREWORD

0.1 This specification has been prepared by the Design Department (T&G) of Power wing,
WAPDA.

0.2 This Specification is intended for the procurement of material and does not include all
the necessary provisions of a contract.

0.3 The specification for voltage transformers was originally written in 1968 as a chapter
to the main volume of specifications for the substation equipment against 32-grid
station project. This included the requirements for 132 and 66kV inductive type
voltage Transformers only. This was subsequently adopted for 22 and IDA grid station
projects. In 1973 at the time of issuing tenders for 220 kV Burhan grid station it was
reviewed and the requirements for 220kV capacitive type voltage Transformers were
also incorporated. This practice continued till this date. It has now been decided to
review, revise and rewrite the chapter in the form of standard specification. The
present edition includes the requirement for 132, 66 and 33kV voltage Transformers
only, whereas it has been decided to issue separate specification for 220 kV voltage
Transformers. The present edition has been written to form a complete specification
and is meant for the procurement of the equipment either in loose form or for grid
station works on turnkey basis.

0.4 This Specification is subject jot revision periodically as and when required.

1 SCOPE

1.1 This specification describes inductive type voltage transformers suitable for outdoor
installation under service conditions mentioned herein
1.2 It covers voltage Transformers of the following standard ratings:-

i) Voltage Transformers 132 / 0.110 kV

/3 /3
ii) Voltage Transformers, 66 / 0.110 kV
/3 /3
iii) Voltage Transformers, 33 / 0.110 kV
/3 /3
2 REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS

2.1 The voltage transformers shall be designed, manufactured, tested and supplied in
accordance with the following International Electro technical Commission
Specifications or the latest edition thereof and particulars listed herein.

2
 IEC Publication 186 (1969)
IEC Publication 186-A (1970)

2.2 The definition given in the above IEC Publications shall apply herein.

2.3 In case the requirements lay down herein differ form those given in the IEC
Publication in any particular, the voltage Transformers shall comply with the
requirement listed herein in regard to that item.

3 SERVICE CONDITIONS

3.1 The voltage Transformers and all accessories shall be suitable for satisfactory
operation under the following service conditions.

3.2 Ambient Temperature

Maximum 50°C
Maximum mean over 45°C
Any 24 hours
Mean in any year 30°C
Minimum -10°C

3.3 Relative Humidity

The relative humidity may range from 0 to 100 percent. The maximum value of the
ambient temperature and humidity however do not occur simultaneously. During the
monsoons high humidity may persist for many days at a time alongwith temperature
ranging from 30°C to 40°C.

3.4 Altitude

Installation upto 1000m above sea level.

3.5 Atmospheric Conditions

3.5.1 It may be assumed that the air is not normally heavily polluted by dust, smoke,
aggressive gases, vapors or salt spray. However at certain times of the year severe dust
storms may be experienced.
3.5.2 Certain areas are subject to heavily polluted atmosphere and insulation or bushings for
installation in such areas shall have an extended creepage distance from live to earthed
parts as described under clause 5.7

4 RATINGS

The standard ratings of the voltage transformers shall be as follows:

i) Rated Voltage KV 145 72.5 36

ii) Nominal system kV 132 66 33

3
 voltage __ __ __
iii) Rated Primary kV 132//3 66//3 33//3
voltage phase
to neutral __ __ __
iv) Rated secondary V 110//3 110//3 110//3
voltage
v) Rated frequency Hz 50 50 50
vi) Rated out put:
a) Burden for the VA 75 75 75
measuring
accuracy
b) Burden for the VA 200 200 200
Protective
Accuracy
vii) Standard measuring 0.5 0.5 0.5
accuracy class
viii) Standard protective 6P 6P 6P
ix) Voltage Factor:
a) Continuous 1.2 1.2 1.2
b) 30 seconds 1.5 1.5 1.5
x) Temperature rise:
a) Winding °C 50 50 50
b) Oil °C 45 45 45
xi) One minute power kV
frequency withstand r.m.s 275 140 70
voltage
xii) Impulse withstand kV 650 325 170
voltage
xiii) Power frequency
Withstand for
Secondary circuit kV 2 2 2

5 REQUIREMENTS

5.1 General

5.1.1 The voltage transformer shall be inductive type, single pole, oil filled, self contained,
outdoor type. The voltage transformers shall be hermetically sealed with arrangements
other than nitrogen cushion and provided with oil level indicator marked with oil level
for 25 °C. Synthetic or stainless steel bellows, or expandable cells shall be provided to
accommodate oil level variation.
5.1.2 The oil shall be class –I oil conforming to IEC-296 (1969).

5.2 Construction

5.2.1 The core shall have interleaved yoke and limb laminations made of high grade silicon
steel stampings. These shall be insulated with special varnish with high insulating
strength and securely clamped.

4
5.2.2 The primary winding shall be multi-layer of double enameled wire with insulation of
special paper between layers. The secondary winding shall be of double enameled
copper wire and shall be insulted from the core and the primary winding with
pressboard and paper.

5.2.3 The primary winding shall be assembled to avoid weak points of insulation and obtain
a uniform distribution of voltage gradient during impulse voltage conditions.

5.2.4 The assembled windings shall be dried under vacuum and heat. The ready-assembled
transformer shall be vacuum treated and filled with de-aerated oil under vacuum.

5.2.5 The windings and core shall be accommodated in hot-dip galvanized steel tank.

5.3 Accuracy Requirements

The specified accuracy requirement shall be met without having to make adjustment
for changes of power factor, burden or voltage. The limits of error shall apply for
power factor from 0.6 to unity.

5.4 Rated Voltage Factor

The standard value of rated voltage factor shall be 1.2 for continuous duty and 1.5 for
30 seconds duration.

5.5 Temperature Rise

The temperature rise of the voltage transformer under conditions specified in IEC-186
shall not be more than 50°C for winding 45°C for oil when operating continuously at a
voltage factor of 1.2 and 60°C for winding and 55°C for oil when operating at a
voltage factor of 1.5 for 30 seconds. A reduction of 10°C is specified due to higher
ambient temperature.

5.6 Short Circuit Characteristics

5.6.1 Voltage Transformers shall be capable of withstanding for one second the mechanical
and thermal stresses resulting form short circuit on secondary terminals with full
voltage maintained on the primary terminals.

5.6.2 The temperature of the windings under the short circuit condition given above shall
not exceed 250°C assuming an initial copper temperature of 95°C

5.6.3 The secondary short circuit current shall be at least 200 amps.

5
5.7 Bushings

5.7.1 Bushings shall be wet process porcelain, homogenous, free from laminations, cavities
or other physical flows and shall be well vitrified, tough and impervious to moisture.
Bushings shall have glaze of brown color.

5.7.2 Fittings made of steel shall be hot dip galvanized.

5.7.3 The minimum creepage distance of bushings form line to earthed parts in clear and
polluted atmosphere shall be as follows:

Rated Voltage Minimum Normal Extended Creepage

Creepage Distance Distance

132kV 2400 mm 3800 mm

66kV 1100 mm 1800 mm
33 kV 550 mm 900 mm

5.8 Housing and Tanks

5.8.1 The housing or tanks shall be of substantial construction and of sufficient strength and
rigidity to provide a tight-fitting gasket and sealed enclosure.
5.8.2 The complete assemblies shall form sealed enclosures capable of sustaining full
pressure developed within housing or tank, either above or below atmospheric, under
normal conditions of operation. The windings and bushings shall be hermetically
sealed to prevent the entrance of moisture or leakage of the dielectric when the voltage
Transformer is installed or when under transportation.

5.9 Terminal Head

5.9.1 The size of the primary terminal shall be minimum 80 mm in length and 30 mm in dia.
It shall be made of silver or Tin plated copper. Alternatively a clamp type terminal
suitable for receiving Aluminum Conductor of 400 mm² shall be provided.

5.9.2 All secondary leads shall be brought to an outlet box and terminated in the terminal
box located in a weatherproof case near the transformer base. Provision shall be made
in Terminal Box for entry of and connection with copper 8 core, 2.5 mm² control
cables.

5.10 Earthing Terminal

Two number earthing terminals at diagonally opposite positions shall be provided.

Each terminal shall be capable of carrying full short circuit current and be suitable for
accommodating 95 to 120 sq.mm. copper earthing lead.

6
5.11. Painting

5.11.1 All exposed metallic parts shall be painted except where painting will interfere with
the normal operation of the equipment. Where surfaces are left unpainted for mounting
purposes, they shall be suitable protected to prevent rusting during storage and ocean
transport.
5.11.2 After surface preparation and cleaning of all surfaces to be painted, the surfaces not in
contact with oil shall be painted with two coats of an epoxy primer containing red
lead. The surfaces shall be finish coated with two coats of enamel applied to provide a
uniform smooth surface free from blemishes.

5.11.3 The exterior surfaces shall be painted with dull grey color. In no case light color or
aluminum paint shall be used.

5.12 Galvanizing

All the steel and malleable iron parts shall be hot dipped galvanized.

6 TERMINAL MARKINGS

The terminal marking shall be in accordance with clause 18 of IEC-1986 (1969).

7 RATING PLATE

A rating plate made of stainless steel with engraved inscriptions shall be attached on
the tank. The markings shall be such that they are easily readable from the ground
level. The rating plate shall include as a minimum the following information:

i) Manufacturer’s name ____________

ii) Manufacturer’s type ____________
designation
iii) Manufacturer’s serial ____________
number
iv) Year of Manufacture ____________
v) Reference specification ____________
number
vi) Rated primary and ____________kV
secondary voltages
vii) Rated frequency ___________Hz
viii) Highest system voltage ___________kV
ix) Impulse withstand voltage ___________kV peak
x) Power frequency withstand ___________kV
voltage
xi) Rated output ___________VA
xii) Accuracy Class ___________
xiii) Rated voltage factor and
Corresponding rated time ____________
xiv) Thermal burden rating for

7
 50°C ambient temperature ____________VA
xv) Connection diagram and ____________
Polarity markings
xvi) Mass of oil ____________kg
xvii) Total mass including oil ____________kg

8 TESTS

8.1 Voltage Transformers shall be tested in accordance with the relevant clauses of IEC-
186 and IEC–186A as mentioned below. The routine and type tests to be performed
are listed as under:

Routine Test

The following routine tests shall be performed on all voltage transformer

i) Verification of terminal markings, clause 11.
ii) Power frequency tests on primary winding clause 12.
iii) Power frequency tests on secondary winding, clause 13.
iv) Determination of percentage voltage (ratio) errors and phase displacement for
the given measuring accuracy class at 80%, 100% & 120% of rated voltage, at
rated frequency for 25% and 100% of rated measuring burden and at a power
factor of 0.8 lagging, sub-clause 23.1.
v) Determination of percentage voltage errors and phase displacement for the
given protective accuracy class, at 5% and at rated voltage multiplied by the
rated voltage factor, for 25% and 100% of rated protective burden and at a
power factor of 0.8 lagging, clause 33.

8.2 Type Tests

The following type shall be performed on voltage transformers:

i) Temperature rise test, clause 14.

ii) Impulse voltage test, clause 15.
iii) Determination of percentage voltage (ratio) errors and phase displacement.
Tests to be carried out at 80%, 100% and 120% of rated voltage at rated
frequency for 25% and 100 of rated measuring burden and at a power factor of
0.8 lagging for measuring class accuracy class.
iv) Determination of percentage voltage (ratio) errors and phase displacement at
5% and 100% rated voltage multiplied by the rated voltage factor, for
25% and 100% of rated protective burden and at a power factor of 0.8 lagging
for protective accuracy class.

The above type tests may be omitted if complete type test reports for an identical
voltage Transformer can be supplied to the satisfaction of Engineer.

8
9 DRAWINGS AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA

9.1 Tender Drawings

The following information shall be provided with the tender;

i) The information listed in clauses 9.3, “Schedule of Technical Data”,

shall be supplied.

ii) Descriptive data, literature, drawings, and Photographs fully describing the
technical characteristics and constructional features to enable the Engineer to
evaluate the quality and service performance of the equipment.

iii) Sketches showing outline, dimensions, weights, location of accessories and

connections along with the drawing of the terminal bolt.

iv) Rating plate drawing

v) Typical curves showing the voltage ratio error and phase displacement as a
function of the voltage from 5% to 150% of the rated voltage for 25% and
100% of rated burden specified in clause 4 item (vi)a and (vi)b respectively.

vi) Typical curves showing the voltage ratio error and phase displacement as a
function of the burden specified in clause 4 item (vi)a and (vi)b respectively
from zero to 100% for 80% and 120% of rated voltage and for 80% and 100%
power factor.

vii) A reference list indicating the names of the countries to which supplies have
been made alongwith the year of the manufacture.

viii) For evaluation purpose, foundation drawing/data such as static, dynamic

forces, terminal load alongwith typical foundation drawing using RRC
structure (if steel supports are not provided) and steel supports shall be
supplied using the soil bearing capacity 10 tons/meter² for seismic zones.
Design calculation and guide lines for these shall also be supplied.

9.2 Approval Drawings

The approval drawings shall be supplied for the approval after order is placed and
before the manufacture is started and these shall include the following:

i) All data and drawings asked for the in clause 9.1 above.
ii) Drawings and dimensioned details of terminal bolts
iii) Large scale dimensioned sketches along with reproducible of voltage
transformer, showing details of base and its fixing arrangement on the steel
and/or reinforced cement concrete supporting structures.

9
 iv) Ten printed/Photostat copies along with one copy of reproducible of the
installation, erection maintenance & operation instruction books.

9.2 Schedule of Technical Data

The following information as applicable shall be furnished with the Tender for each
type of voltage transformer.

i) Manufacturer’s name _______________

ii) Designation _______________
iii) Type _______________
v) Design Test Certificate
i) Issuing Institute _______________
ii) Number and Date _______________
v) Rated primary voltage ______________kV
vi) Rated secondary voltage ______________V
vii) Rated frequency ______________
viii) Impulse withstand voltage 1.2/50 micro
second wave ______________kV peak
ix) Power frequency withstand voltage ______________kV rms.
x) Power frequency withstand voltage
secondary windings ______________kV rms.
xi) Rated secondary output ______________VA
xii) Accuracy Class:
i) for measuring ______________
ii) for protection ______________
xiii) Voltage factor at rated voltage:
i) Continuous ______________
ii) 30 second ______________
xiv) Thermal limit burden ______________VA
xv) Normal temperature rise:
i) Winding ______________deg. C
ii) Oil ______________ deg. C
xvi) Maximum temperature rise under
short circuit condition:
i) Winding ______________
ii) Oil ______________
xvii) Total height ______________mm
xviii) Minimum phase spacing ______________mm
xix Minimum clearance ______________mm
xx) Minimum creepage distance:
i) Normal ______________mm
ii) Extended ______________mm
xxi) Size and section of terminal bolt
(attach drawing) ______________
xxii) Weight of oil pr pole ______________Kg.
xxiii) Weight per pole ______________Kg.
xxiv) Type of oil and reference specification ______________

10
 xxv) Permissible secondary short circuit current ______________A
xxvi) 26 partial discharge level ______________

10. PACKING

In every package for shipment one No. Installation, erection, maintenance and
operation, instruction book enclosed in a waterproof polyethylene material shall be
provided.

11