Ⱥ.Ⱥ. Ʉɢɪɝɢɡɛɚɟɜɚ ɢ ɞɪ. 69



ɍȾɄ 504.453.054+282.255.2+574
Ⱥ.Ⱥ. Ʉɢɪɝɢɡɛɚɟɜɚ1, Ʉ.Ɉ. ɒɚɪɢɩɨɜ1, ɋ.ɋ. ɀɚɤɵɩɛɟɤɨɜɚ1, Ⱥ.Ⱥ. Ȼɚɬɵɪɛɚɟɜɚ2, Ⱥ.Ʉ. Ɍɨɤɬɚɛɚɟɜɚ3*
Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɢɦɟɧɢ ɋ.Ⱦ. Ⱥɫɮɟɧɞɢɹɪɨɜɚ,
1

Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚ Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧ, ɝ. Ⱥɥɦɚɬɵ

2
Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɢɦɟɧɢ Ʉ.ɂ. ɋɚɬɩɚɟɜɚ, Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚ Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧ, ɝ. Ⱥɥɦɚɬɵ
3
Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɢɦɟɧɢ ɚɥɶ-Ɏɚɪɚɛɢ, Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚ Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧ, ɝ. Ⱥɥɦɚɬɵ
*
E-mail: a.toktabayeva@inbox.ru

Ɍɟɯɧɨɝɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɟɦɟɥɶ Cɟɦɢɩɚɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ

ɹɞɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɚ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɦɢ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɚɦɢ

ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧ ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɧɵɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɩɨɱɜ ɢ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ ɛɵɜɲɟɝɨ ɋɟɦɢɩɚɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ

ɹɞɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɚ. ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɧɵɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɩɨɱɜ ɢ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ
ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɚ ɩɨ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɥɫɹ ɨɬ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɱɜ
ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ. ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɞɢ, ɰɢɧɤɚ ɢ ɦɚɪɝɚɧɰɚ. ɉɨɱɜɵ
Ⱥɛɪɚɥɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɥɢ ɦɟɞɶ, ɰɢɧɤ ɢ ɦɚɪɝɚɧɟɰ ɧɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɩɨɱɜɚɦɢ
ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ. ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɝɨɪɧɨɦ ɦɚɫɫɢɜɟ Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧ ɦɟɞɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜ 10
ɪɚɡ ɜɵɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ ɢ ɜ 8,5 ɪɚɡ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɉȾɄ, ɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɰɢɧɤɚ ɢ ɦɚɪɝɚɧɰɚ
ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ. ɉɨɱɜɵ Ⱥɬɨɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɡɟɪɚ ɢ Ɉɩɵɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ
ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɫɜɢɧɰɚ ɦɚɪɝɚɧɰɚ, ɰɢɧɤɚ ɢ ɦɟɞɢ.
Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɚɹ ɫɪɟɞɚ, ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧ, ɢɨɧɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɢɡɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ, ɬɹɠɟɥɵɟ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɵ,
ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ, ɩɨɱɜɵ, ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹ.

A.A. Kirgizbayeva, K.O. Sharipov, S.S. Zhakypbekova, A.A. Batyrbayeva, A.K. Toktabayeva
Technical pollution of soils of Semipalatinsk nuclear test site by heavy metals

The paper presents investigation of the trace element compositions of soil and trace element composition
of plants of the former Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (SNTS). The data obtained from the research were
compared with the trace element composition of soil and plants from different regions of the world. Studies
showed relatively high values of copper, zinc and manganese. Soil of Abralinskii area contains copper; zinc
and manganese are slightly smaller than soils in other regions. On the Delegen Mountain area copper was
contained approximately in 10 times higher than in other regions of the soils and in 8.5 times higher than the
MAC, and the content of zinc and manganese is differed slightly. Soil of Atomic lake and Experimental Field
is characterized by very high content of lead, manganese, zinc and copper.
Key words: environment, test site, ionizing radiation, heavy metals, minerals, soil, plants.

Ⱥ.Ⱥ. Ԕɵɪԑɵɡɛɚɟɜɚ, Ʉ.Ɉ. ɒԥɪɿɩɨɜ, ɋ.ɋ. ɀɚԕɵɩɛɟɤɨɜɚ, Ⱥ.Ⱥ. Ȼɚɬɵɪɛɚɟɜɚ, Ԥ.Ԕ. Ɍɨԕɬɚɛɚɟɜɚ
ɋɟɦɟɣ ɫɵɧɚԕ ɹɞɪɨɥɵԕ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧ ɠɟɪɥɟɪɿɧɿԙ ɚɭɵɪ ɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪɦɟɧ ɬɟɯɧɨɝɟɧɞɿ ɥɚɫɬɚɧɭɵ

ɋɟɦɟɣ ɫɵɧɚԕ ɹɞɪɨɥɵԕ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧ (ɋɋəɉ) ɠɟɪɥɟɪɿ ɬɨɩɵɪɚԕɬɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɠԥɧɟ ԧɫɿɦɞɿɤɬɟɪɿɧɿԙ

ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɿɤ ԕԝɪɚɦɵ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɥɞɿ. Ɉɫɵ ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪ ԥɥɟɦɞɟɝɿ ԥɪɬԛɪɥɿ ɠɟɪɥɟɪɞɟɝɿ ɬɨɩɵɪɚԕɬɚɪɞɵԙ ɠԥɧɟ
ԧɫɿɦɞɿɤɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɿɤ ԕԝɪɚɦɵɦɟɧ ɫɚɥɵɫɬɵɪɵɥɞɵ. Ԥɥɟɦɞɟɝɿ ɦԥɥɿɦɟɬɬɟɪɝɟ ԕɚɪɚԑɚɧɞɚ, ɤɟɣɛɿɪ
ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɿɤ ԕԝɪɚɦɧɵԙ ɟɪɟɤɲɟɥɟɧɟɬɿɧɿ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɥɞɵ.
ɌΟɣɿɧ ɫΫɡɞɟɪ: ԕɨɪɲɚԑɚɧ ɨɪɬɚ, ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧ, ɢɨɧɞɚɭɲɵ ɫԥɭɥɟɥɟɧɭ, ɚɭɵɪ ɦɟɬɚɥɞɚɪ, ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪ,
ɬɨɩɵɪɚԕ, ԧɫɿɦɞɿɤɬɟɪ.

ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɵɡɜɚɥɢ ɤɨɥɨɫɫɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ

ɋɟɦɢɩɚɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɢɣ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɹɞɟɪɧɵɣ
ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧ (ɋɂəɉ) ɢɦɟɟɬ ɨɫɨɛɵɣ ɫɬɚɬɭɫ,
ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɫ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɚ ɷɬɢɯ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɹɯ
ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɯ, ɧɚɡɟɦɧɵɯ, ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɜ,
ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɚ. Ȼɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɚɫɬɛɢɳ ɞɥɹ ɫɤɨɬɚ.
ɗɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ
ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ. ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ
ɜɪɟɦɹ ɧɟ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɹ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ

ISSN 1563-0331 KazNU Bulletin. Chemical series. ʋ1 (73). 2014


 














70 Ɍɟɯɧɨɝɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɟɦɟɥɶ ɫɟɦɢɩɚɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɹɞɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɚ ...


ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɢɨɧɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɢɡɥɭɱɟ-
ɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ
ɢ ɜɚɠɧɨɣ ɪɨɥɢ ɪɚɞɢɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚ ɜ
ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ. Ɋɚɞɢɨ-
ɧɭɤɥɢɞɵ ɦɢɝɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɜ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹ, ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɢɡ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɤɨɪɧɟɜɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ. ȼ
ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ, ɷɬɨ ɪɚɞɢɨɧɭɤɥɢɞɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɪɚɫɬɜɨ-
ɪɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɨɞɟ: ɫɬɪɨɧɰɢɣ-90, ɣɨɞ-131, ɛɚɪɢɣ-
140, ɰɟɡɢɣ-137, ɰɟɪɢɣ-144. ȼ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦ ɠɢɜɨɬ-
ɧɵɯ ɷɬɢ ɧɭɤɥɢɞɵ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɸɬ ɫ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɢ ɪɚɫɬɢ-
ɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɢɳɟɣ, ɚ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɫ
ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɦɹɫɨɦɨɥɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɦɢ,
ɫ ɜɞɵɯɚɟɦɵɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ ɢ ɩɢɬɶɟɜɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɣ.
ɑɟɬɤɨ ɩɪɨɫɥɟɠɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɦɢɝɪɚɰɢɹ ɪɚɞɢɨɧɭɤ-
ɥɢɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ: ɜɨɞɚ – ɩɨɱɜɚ –
ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɟ – ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɟ – ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ [1-7].
 ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɨ 225 ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɩɨɱɜ ɢ 200 ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ
Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ
Ɉɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɢɥɢɫɶ ɩɨɱɜɵ
Ⱥɛɪɚɥɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨ-Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧɫɤɨɣ
ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ, ɩɪɢɥɟɝɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɤ ɋɟɦɢɩɚɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɦɭ
ɂɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦɭ əɞɟɪɧɨɦɭ ɉɨɥɢɝɨɧɭ (ɋɂəɉ)
ɢ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɨɤ: ɝɨɪɧɨɝɨ
ɦɚɫɫɢɜɚ Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧ, Ɉɩɵɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɹ ɢ Ⱥɬɨɦɧɨɝɨ
ɨɡɟɪɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɪɚɫɬɚɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ ɪɚɫɬɟ-
ɧɢɹ. Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧ – ɧɢɡɤɨɝɨɪɧɵɣ ɦɚɫɫɢɜ, ɫɤɥɨɧɵ
ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɵ ɫɬɟɩɧɨɣ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ.
ɉɨ ɞɨɥɢɧɚɦ ɪɟɤ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɡɚɪɨɫɥɢ ɤɭɫɬɚɪ-
ɧɢɤɨɜ. ȼ ɝɨɪɚɯ Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧ ɞɨ 1991 ɝɨɞɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚ-
ɝɚɥɚɫɶ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɚ «Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧ»
ɋɂəɉ. ȼɫɟɝɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɫ 1961 ɩɨ 1989 ɝɝ ɜ
ɝɨɪɚɯ Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ 215 ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ
ɹɞɟɪɧɵɯ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɜ. Ɉɩɵɬɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɟ – ɷɬɨ ɩɟɪɜɚɹ
ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɚ ɋɂəɉ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ
ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɥɚɫɶ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɵɯ
(ɧɚɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɯ) ɹɞɟɪɧɵɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɜ
ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɫ 1949 ɩɨ 1962 ɝɝ. ɉɥɨɳɚɞɤɚ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɪɚɜɧɢɧɭ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ 20 ɤɦ,
ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɫ ɬɪɟɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɧɟɜɵɫɨɤɢɦɢ ɝɨɪɚɦɢ.
ɗɬɨ ɤɪɭɩɧɨɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ-
ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ, ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɯ
ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɣ
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɹɞɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɡɪɵɜɚ. Ⱥɬɨɦɧɨɟ ɨɡɟɪɨ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɷɤɫɤɚɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ
ɬɟɪɦɨɹɞɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɡɪɵɜɚ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶɸ 140 ɤɬ, ɜ
ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɫɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɧɵɯ
ɚɪɬɟɪɢɣ ɪɟɤ ɒɚɝɚɧ ɢ Ⱥɳɢɫɭ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɥɚɫɶ
ɜɨɪɨɧɤɚ, ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ ɛɨɥɟɟ 100 ɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɢ
ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ 400 ɦɟɬɪɨɜ.
ɇɚ ɷɬɢɯ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɹɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɨ 47
ɬɨɱɟɤ, ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɬɛɢɪɚɥɨɫɶ ɩɨ 4-5
ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɩɨɱɜ ɢ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. ȼɫɟɝɨ ɛɵɥɨ
ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. Ɇɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɧɵɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɩɨɱɜ ɢ
ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ ɛɵɥ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɫɩɟɤɬɨɝɪɚɮɟ ȾɎɋ-8
ɷɦɢɫɫɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ.
ɉɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɨɦ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹ ɨɡɨɥɹ-
ɥɢɫɶ. ȼɵɯɨɞ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɥɫɹ ɜ ɦɝ/ɤɝ ɫɭɯɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ.
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ȼ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɛɚɯ ɛɵɥ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧ
ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɧɵɣ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ (ɝɭɦɭɫ)
ɫɨɫɬɚɜɵ ɩɨɱɜ ɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɧɵɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ
ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ. ɗɬɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɵ ɫ
ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɧɵɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɩɨɱɜ ɢ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ
ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ ɦɢɪɚ.
ɉɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ,
ɩɨɱɜɵ ɋɟɦɢɩɚɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢ-
ɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɧɢɡɤɢɦ ɜɚɥɨɜɵɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɦɟɞɢ,
ɰɢɧɤɚ, ɤɨɛɚɥɶɬɚ ɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɵɦ ɜɚɥɨɜɵɦ
ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɦɚɪɝɚɧɰɚ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɩɨɱɜɚ-
ɦɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ (ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1).

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1 – ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɯ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɜ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ, ɦɝ/ɤɝ [8, 9]

Ɋɟɝɢɨɧ ɋu Zn Ɇn ɋɨ
Ʉɥɚɪɤ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ 20 50 850 8
ɋɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɩɨɥɨɫɚ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧɚ 18,5 38,2 626,6 7,5
Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ 18,9 39,5 450,0 7,1
Ⱥɥɬɚɣɫɤɢɣ ɤɪɚɣ 18,0 32,0 890,0 13,5
ɘɝ Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɨɣ ɋɢɛɢɪɢ 33,8 72,3 720,0
ɉɨɱɜɵ ɫɭɯɨɫɬɟɩɧɨɣ, ɩɨɥɭɩɭɫɬɵɧ. ɡɨɧ 24,4 53,0 700,0 6,9
Ɍɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɹ ɛɵɜɲɟɝɨ ɋɟɦɢɩɚɥ. ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɚ 14,3 20,8 768,0 6,4


ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ Ʉɚɡɇɍ. ɋɟɪɢɹ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ. ʋ1 (73). 2014

Ⱥ.Ⱥ. Ʉɢɪɝɢɡɛɚɟɜɚ ɢ ɞɪ.

ɇɚɲɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2) ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ
ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɞɢ, ɰɢɧɤɚ ɢ
ɦɚɪɝɚɧɰɚ. ɉɨɱɜɵ Ⱥɛɪɚɥɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɫɨɞɟɪ-
ɠɚɬ ɦɟɞɶ, ɰɢɧɤ ɢ ɦɚɪɝɚɧɟɰ ɧɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɩɨ
ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɩɨɱɜɚɦɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ. ȼ
ɝɨɪɧɨɦ ɦɚɫɫɢɜɟ Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧ ɦɟɞɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ
ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜ 10 ɪɚɡ ɜɵɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ
ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ ɢ ɜ 8,5 ɪɚɡ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɉȾɄ, ɚ
ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɰɢɧɤɚ ɢ ɦɚɪɝɚɧɰɚ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ
ɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ. ɉɨɱɜɵ Ⱥɬɨɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɡɟɪɚ ɢ Ɉɩɵɬ-
ɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ
ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɦɚɪɝɚɧɰɚ ɢ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱ-
ɧɵɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ ɜ 2,5-
5,5 ɪɚɡɚ. ɐɢɧɤ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ Ⱥɬɨɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɡɟɪɚ ɢ
71
Ɉɩɵɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɹ ɧɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚ-
ɧɢɟ ɰɢɧɤɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ – ɜ 1,5
ɪɚɡɚ. ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɞɢ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ Ⱥɬɨɦɧɨɝɨ
ɨɡɟɪɚ ɢ Ɉɩɵɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɹ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ
ɦɟɞɢ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ ɜ 1,7-1,8 ɪɚɡɚ ɢ
ɜ 2-2,6 ɪɚɡɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ. ȼ ɷɩɢɰɟɧɬɪɟ
ɜɡɪɵɜɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ Ɉɩɵɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɹ ɢ Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧɚ
ɫɜɢɧɰɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɬɚɤɢɯ
ɠɟ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ Ⱥɛɪɚɥɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ, ɱɬɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ
ɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɶ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹɦɢ ɹɞɟɪɧɵɯ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɜ,
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɷɬɢɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɚɯ.
ȼ ɨɛɳɟɦ, ɜ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɯ ɋɂəɉ ɩɪɟɜɚɥɢɪɭɸɬ
ɫɤɚɧɞɢɣ, ɯɪɨɦ, ɦɨɥɢɛɞɟɧ, ɜɚɧɚɞɢɣ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟ-
ɧɢɸ ɫ ɦɢɪɨɜɵɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ (ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ 3).

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2 – ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɯ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɜ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɛɵɜɲɟɝɨ ɋɟɦɢɩɚɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɚ,

ɦɝ/ɤɝ

Ɋɟɝɢɨɧ Cu Zn Ɇn Ɋb
Ⱥɛɪɚɥɢɧɫɤɢɣ ɪɚɣɨɧ 12±2 12,7±2,5 890±170 24±4,6
Ƚɨɪɧɵɣ ɦɚɫɫɢɜ Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧ 170±34 55±11 1100±200 27,4±5,4
Ɉɩɵɬɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɟ 48,4±9,6 60±12 2500±500 39,1±7,8
Ⱥɬɨɦɧɨɟ ɨɡɟɪɨ 34±7 61±12 2200±440 12,8±2,5
ɉɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɨ-ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ 20 50 850 8

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 3 – ɋɪɟɞɧɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɯ ɋɂəɉ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɦɢɪɨɜɵɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɦɝ/ɤɝ
[10]

ɋɪɟɞɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɋɂəɉ, ɦɝ/ɤɝ

Ɇɢɪɨɜɵɟ
Ɇɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ Ƚɨɪɧɵɣ ɦɚɫɫɢɜ
Ⱥɛɪɚɥɢɧɫɤɢɣ ɪɚɣɨɧ Ɉɩɵɬɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɦɝ/ɤɝ,
Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧ
Ɇɟɞɶ 11,9±2,3 3,35±0,067 5,2±1,0 ɞɨ 4
ɋɟɪɟɛɪɨ 0,02±0,003 0,03±0,006 0,07±0,01 0,03-0,5
Ȼɚɪɢɣ 16,4±32,8 48,34±9,6 84,5±16,0 1-198
ɐɢɧɤ 5,6±1,1 20,0±3,9 2,2±0,4 26,5
Ⱥɥɸɦɢɧɢɣ 399±79 118±23 114±22,8 200
Ƚɚɥɢɣ 0,35±0,7 0,4±0,08 0,16±0,03 0,02-5,5
ɋɤɚɧɞɢɣ 0,5±0,1 0,5±0,1 0,5±0,1 0,07-0,1
Ʉɪɟɦɧɢɣ 1,0±0,2 1,0±0,2 1,0±0,2 0,3-1,2
ɋɜɢɧɟɰ 3,9±0,79 5,17±1,02 7,38±1,4 2-6
Ɍɢɬɚɧ 42,5±8,5 50,28±10,0 71,9±14,3 0,15-80
ȼɚɧɚɞɢɣ 4,7±0,9 0,72±0,14 2,09±0,4 ɞɨ 2
ɏɪɨɦ 4,7±0,9 4,8±0,9 4,9±0,9 0,02-0,2
Ɇɨɥɢɛɞɟɧ 0,18±0,03 8,4±1,6 2,14±0,4 ɞɨ 1
Ɇɚɪɝɚɧɟɰ 24,5±5,0 59,7+11 56,3+11,2 17-334
ɀɟɥɟɡɨ 150±3 120+24 104±20 18-1000
ɇɢɤɟɥɶ 0,12±0,02 0,78±0,15 0,77±0,15 0,1-1,7

ISSN 1563-0331 KazNU Bulletin. Chemical series. ʋ1 (73). 2014


 














72 Ɍɟɯɧɨɝɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɟɦɟɥɶ ɫɟɦɢɩɚɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɹɞɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɚ ...


Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ,
ɱɬɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɯ,
ɜɡɹɬɵɯ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ ɋɟɦɢɩɚɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ
ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɚ, ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ
ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ. Ɋɚɫɬɟɧɢɹ Ⱥɛɪɚɥɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ
ɛɨɝɚɬɵ ɦɟɞɶɸ, ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɦ, ɠɟɥɟɡɨɦ. ȼ ɪɚɫɬɟ-
ɧɢɹɯ Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɦɨɥɢɛ-
ɞɟɧɚ, ɦɚɪɝɚɧɰɚ, ɰɢɧɤɚ, ɧɢɤɟɥɹ. Ɉɩɵɬɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɟ
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɜ
ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɯ ɫɜɢɧɰɚ, ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ, ɷɬɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ
ɬɢɩɨɦ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɛɨɦɛ. ȼ Ⱥɛɪɚɥɢɧɫɤɨɦ
ɪɚɣɨɧɟ ɬɢɩ ɩɨɱɜ ɧɟ ɨɤɚɡɚɥ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɟ-
ɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɯ, ɩɪɨɢɡ-
ɪɚɫɬɚɜɲɢɯ ɧɚ ɷɬɢɯ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɹɯ. Ɋɚɫɬɟɧɢɹ
Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧɚ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟ-
ɧɢɟ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɯ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɜ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢ-
ɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɬɢɩ ɩɨɱɜ. ɉɪɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ
ɩɨɱɜ Ⱥɬɨɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɡɟɪɚ, ɧɚɩɪɨɬɢɜ, ɧɚɦɢ ɨɛɧɚ-
ɪɭɠɟɧɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɩɨɱɜ ɢ ɪɇ
ɩɨɱɜ ɧɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ
ɤɚɤ Pb, Cu, Zn, Mo, Be, Ba, Ni, Cr, V, Y, Yb, Mn,
Ga, Nb. Ⱦɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɬɢɩɚ
ɩɨɱɜɵ ɧɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɞɢɨɧɭɤɥɢɞɨɜ ɜ ɪɚɫɬɟ-
ɧɢɹɯ, ɩɪɨɢɡɪɚɫɬɚɜɲɢɯ ɜ Ⱥɛɪɚɥɢɧɫɤɨɦ ɪɚɣɨɧɟ,
ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɪɚɞɢɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɮɨɧɚ ɬɢɩ ɩɨɱɜ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɚ
ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɯ ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɟ
ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ. Ⱦɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ
ɬɢɩɚ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɧɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɞɢɨɧɭɤɥɢɞɨɜ ɜ
ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɯ Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ, ɱɬɨ ɬɢɩ ɩɨɱɜɵ
ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ
ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɯ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɜ, ɤɚɤ Zn, Pb, Ba, Cu,
Ni, V, Y, Na, Fe, Al, Ag, Ca.

Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ

1 Ɍɥɟɭɛɟɪɝɟɧɨɜ ɋ.Ƚ. ɉɨɥɢɝɨɧɵ Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧɚ. – Ⱥɥɦɚɬɵ: Ԑɵɥɵɦ, 1997. – 24 ɫ.

2 Ⱥɚɪɤɪɨɝ Ⱥ., Ⱦɚɥɶɝɚɚɪɞɬ Ƚ., Ʉɚɪɚɜɚɟɜɚ ȿ.ɇ., Ʉɭɥɢɤɨɜɚ ɇ.ȼ., Ɇɟɣɬɢɧɚɪ Ʉ., Ɇɨɥɱɚɧɨɜɚ ɂ.ȼ., ɇɢɥɶɫɟɧ ɋ.ɉ.,
ɉɨɡɨɥɨɬɢɧɚ ȼ.ɇ., Ȼɨɥɢɤɚɪɩɨɜ Ƚ.Ƚ., Ɏɪɢɫɫɟɥ Ɇ., Ɏɭɥɶɫ Ʌ., ɘɝɢɤɨɜ ɉ.ɂ. Ɉ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢ ɞɨɥɝɨɠɢɜɭɳɢɯ ɪɚɞɢɨɧɭɤɥɢɞɨɜ
ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɢ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɯ ɡɨɧɵ ɹɞɟɪɧɨɣ ɚɜɚɪɢɢ ɧɚ ɘɠɧɨɦ ɍɪɚɥɟ // ɗɤɨɥɨɝɢɹ, ɊȺɇ. – 1992. – ʋ 4. – ɫ.105-110.
3 Ⱥɣɞɚɪɯɚɧɨɜɚ Ƚ.ɋ. ɗɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɹɞɟɪɧɵɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɭɸ ɫɪɟɞɭ
ɝɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɫɢɜɚ Ⱦɟɝɟɥɟɧ: ɞɢɫ. … ɤɚɧɞ. ɛɢɨɥ. ɧɚɭɤ. – Ⱥɥɦɚɬɵ, 1998. – 118 ɫ.
4 Ȼɚɥɚɧɞɢɧ ȼ.Ⱥ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ (ɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ
əɤɭɬɢɢ) // ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɢ. – Ɍɨɦɫɤ, 1994. – ȼɵɩ. 1. – ɋ. 88-89.
5 Ȼɟɥɹɟɜ ɋ.Ɍ. Ɉɰɟɧɤɚ ɪɚɞɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɢɫɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ Ⱥɥɬɚɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɪɚɹ ɨɬ ɹɞɟɪɧɵɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɋɟɦɢɩɚɥɚ-
ɬɢɧɫɤɨɦ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɟ. // ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ «ɋɟɦɢɩɚɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɢɣ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧ – Ⱥɥɬɚɣ». – 1994. – ʋ 3. – ɋ. 44-47.
6 Ƚɨɮɦɚɧ Ⱦ.ɀ. ɑɟɪɧɨɛɵɥɶɫɤɚɹ ɚɜɚɪɢɹ: ɪɚɞɢɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɝɨ ɢ ɛɭɞɭɳɢɯ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɣ. –
Ɇɢɧɫɤ: ȼɵɫɲɚɹ ɲɤɨɥɚ, 1994. – 576 ɫ.
7 Ƚɭɫɟɜ Ȼ.ɂ. Ɇɟɞɢɤɨ-ɞɟɦɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɨɛɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɨɜ
ɋɟɦɢɩɚɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɹɞɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɨɪɭɠɢɹ: Ⱦɢɫɫ. … ɞɨɤɬ. ɦɟɞ. ɧɚɭɤ. – Ⱥɥɦɚɬɵ, 1994. – 234 ɫ.
8 ȼɨɞɹɧɢɰɤɢɣ ɘ.ɇ. Ɍɹɠɟɥɵɟ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɵ ɢ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɢɞɵ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ. – Ɇ: Ƚɇɍ, ɉɨɱɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɢɦ. Ⱦɨɤɭɱɚɟɜɚ
ɊȺɋɏ, 2008. – 85 ɫ.
9 Ⱦɨɛɪɨɜɨɥɶɫɤɢɣ ȼ.ȼ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɛɢɨɝɟɨɯɢɦɢɢ. – Ɇ.: ACADEMIA, 2003. – 397 ɫ.
10 Ʉɚɛɚɬɚ ɉɟɧɞɢɚɫ Ⱥ., ɉɟɧɞɢɚɫ X. Ɇɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɢ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɯ: ɩɟɪ. ɫ ɚɧɝɥ. – Ɇ., 1989. – 439 ɫ.

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