DUMANGAS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Senior High School

Grade 11 Curriculum

Activity Sheet in Statistics and Probability

Enrichment Activities

Objectives: In this activity you will be able to

1. determine the number of outcomes in a sequence of events using a tree diagram;
2. use the addition and multiplication rules in finding the total number of outcomes in a sequence of events;
3. find the number of ways r objects can be selected from n objects using permutation rules;
4. find the number of ways r objects can be selected from n objects without regard for order using the
combination rules; and
5. apply the counting principles in solving real-life problems.

DIRECTIONS: Read and understand each task and perform the indicated process or procedure. Concepts and definitions
are included as your guide. Use one whole piece of intermediate paper.
TASK 1
Investigate: Toss two unbiased coins. What are the possible outcomes? Use a tree diagram to show the possible
outcomes.

 A tree diagram is a graphic organizer that makes use of branching connecting lines to represent a certain
relationship between events.

TASK 2
Investigate: You are driving down McArthur Highway where you encounter two intersections. In each intersection,
there are traffic lights installed displaying green, red, and yellow lights. How many different
sequences of lights would you encounter after passing through the two intersections?

TASK 3
 The tree diagram is only helpful in counting a few variables, the Fundamental Counting Principles can generalize
or summarize the situations requiring more than two or three choices. The following situations will help us
illustrate the tree diagram and come up with a generalized rule for counting the total number of outcomes in an
experiment.
Investigate: A. Tossing Three Coins. In tossing three coins, there are two possible outcomes (H or T) for the first coin,
two outcomes for the second, and two outcomes for the third.
B. Picking a Card. You are dealt with a hand of cards containing 3 aces, 2 kings, and 1 queen and you pick
three cards at random (containing an ace, a king, and a queen). How many possible outcomes of
combinations will there be?
C. Outfit Selection. Suppose you have 3 tops, 3 pairs of pants, and 2 pairs of shoes. How many
combinations can you create out of these?
Copy and complete the table below:
The Preceding situations may be summarized in the following table:
Number of Ways Number of Ways Number of Ways Total Number of
Experiment st
(1 Choice) (2nd Choice) (3rd Choice) Different Outcomes
A
B
C

RANDOLF A. DINEROS
Subject Teacher
 DUMANGAS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Senior High School
Grade 11 Curriculum

Activity Sheet in Statistics and Probability

TASK 4
Fundamental Counting Principle: Multiplication Rule
 If k choices are made in which there are m1 ways for the first choice, m 2 for the second choice, m 3 for the third
choice, and so on, then there are m1 × m2 × m3 ×… × m k number of possible outcomes

Investigate:
a. When three dice are thrown, how any different outcomes are possible?
b. A four-digit number can be formed using the digits 2, 4, 5, 6, and 9 such that no digit can be used more than
once.
b.1 How many distinct four-digit numbers can be formed?
b.2 How many four-digit even numbers can be formed?

TASK 5
Fundamental Counting Principle: Addition Rule
 If a choice can be done in m 1 ways and another in m2 ways such that the two choices cannot be made at the
same time, then the total number of possible outcomes is m 1+ m 2.
Investigate: A student, who is either a junior or a senior, is to be chosen as the school’s representative for an
extemporaneous speech contest. If there are 50 juniors and 70 seniors, in how many ways can
the selection be done?

RANDOLF A. DINEROS
Subject Teacher