Results and Appendices

“11:59 PM”: A Qualitative Study about the…
Thematic Map
“11:59 PM”: A Qualitative Study about the Cramming Behaviours of Grade 11 STEM
students in Our Lady of Fatima University
Advantagesand
Crammed Reasons of Disadvantagesof Realizations and
Activities Cramming Cramming Learning
Academics Academics Advantages Helpful
Plenty of
Math-related Laziness
chill/relax time
Unhelpful
Time for other

Quizzes Obligations
priorities
Legend:
Literatures Time span
Disadvantages Research Title
Problem
Statement
Household Chores Household Chores Poor quality of
work
Pressure Themes/Topic
Laziness
Sub-topic
Obligations
OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

4.0 Results
This chapter discusses the presentation and analysis of the data the researchers
have gathered and collected that is based on the interview that has been implemented.
The answers of the respondents were carefully analyzed in order to describe, explore, and
categorize the collected data based on their common grounds and similarities through the
process of constructing an individual and semi-structured type of questionnaire together
with the inform consent informing the respondents about the topic of the research study
as well as its purpose, also to assure the confidentiality of their identities and the
information that they are going to share. The researchers used Thematic analysis to
identify the main themes that summarized all the views topic.
4.1. Crammed Activities
4.1.1. Academics
According to Lopez (2021), There are many distinct types of cramming.
In an effort to retain enough knowledge for the test, you might skim your
textbook, rapidly go through your (or typically someone else's) notes, or review
study cards. Since it is impossible to predict which questions will be asked on
the test, you are cramming as much knowledge as you can into a little amount of
memory—your short-term memory—in the hopes that you will be able to access
it later and use it to your advantage.
4.1.1.1. Math-related
Some pupils are inherently good at math, but not all. As a result,
many students have trouble properly studying for exams in order to earn
the grade they seek. Comparatively speaking, studying for a math test is
very different from studying for other types of tests. Many children
struggle with math since it is not an easy subject, especially as they begin
learning more difficult ideas in middle and high school. However, even
younger students can struggle with it.
When the researchers asked the respondents what the activities
are they usually cram, the respondents said, “My most frequent activities
are those related to math because I'm weak in math” - Respondent 1, “I
often cram in precal, proba, and biology because these are the most
difficult subjects in STEM.” - Respondent 6, “It's math related activities
or subjects like precalculus, GenChem and statistics, sometimes it's easy,
sometimes it's hard” - Respondent 7, “One example of the activity that I

often cram was a math performance task because it is challenging to do,

and it involves high grades” - Respondent 10.
With the gathered information, the researchers found out that the
respondents experienced cramming when it comes to activities that are
related to mathematics. They’ve stated that they usually cram math-
related activities because of its difficulty.
4.1.1.2. Quizzes
According to Burnham (2017), students who put off studying
until the last minute are more likely to cram. The night before a test, for
example, students will spend hours trying to memorize as much
information as they can. They might remain up all night, thinking they're
putting in a lot of effort. This method of studying could end up being
customary or the only way a student knows how to learn.
are they usually cram, the respondents said, “I am late doing activities
that are given online because, when they are given online like quizzes” -
Respondent 3, “I'm starting to do my school work like quizzes and
assignments if the day was deadline day” - Respondent 5, “I often cram
the quizzes because they are not too heavy like other tasks” - Respondent
8, “I cram in the activities because the different teachers give different
subjects one after the other such as activities and quizzes and it cause me
to disconcerted.” - Respondent 9.
respondents experienced cramming when it comes to their quizzes.
They’ve stated that they usually cram quizzes because of its time-span,
deadline, difficulty, and worth.
4.1.1.3. Research
are they usually cram, the respondents said, “Most of the activities that I
often cram are essays since I don't like writing essays.” - Respondent 2,
“I often cram if my pending work is research related because it puts me
to too much pressure.” - Respondent 4.
respondents experienced cramming when it comes to the activities that

are related to literatures. They’ve stated that they usually their research
literatures and essays because of lack of motivation, its difficulty, and its
pressure.
4.1.2. Household Chores
According to Beeton (2017), as the Educalingo states, Household chores
refers to the administration of responsibilities and tasks necessary for maintaining
a home, including cleaning, cooking, home maintenance, shopping, and bill
payment. The household members or other people engaged for these chores may
carry out these duties. In this study, the researchers want to explore if the
respondents also apply their cramming behavior in their household chores or not.
When the researchers asked the respondents if their cramming behavior
only applies on their academic activities or also in their household chores, the
respondents said, “…Also in housework, because often when I am ordered to
wash the dishes, I say, “Later; it can be tomorrow.” – Respondent 1, “…my
cramming behavior applies not only to academics but also to housework since
there is a lot of work to do when I get home” – Respondent 2, “I also cram when
it comes to my household chores because it is easier than my academic tasks.” –
Respondent 3, “But sometimes, I cram my household chores because I prioritize
my “me” time before I do my tasks.” – Respondent 4, “…also in household
chores. Just like what I experienced, I have pending household chores while
cramming my school works.” – Respondent 5, “but I also cram with my
household chores because I am much lazier if it is household chores rather than
my school related works.” – Respondent 6, “I also cram my household chores,
for example my mother ordered me to sweep the floor, in my head she's in her
office she's not going to know if I did her order right away or not” – Respondent
7. “Maybe in housework too. Like, example, the parents will order me to do
something, I will say "just wait". I often do that just to skip my household
chores” – Respondent 8, “I prioritize playing mobile games more than washing
dishes and cleaning the house.” – Respondent 9, “I definitely cram even in
household chores like even when I saw it messy, I will just snob it and wait till it
gets messier before I clean it and still prioritize to rest than to do my schoolworks
and my household chores.” – Respondent 10.
respondents experienced cramming not only on their academic activities but also

in their household chores. The respondents often cram their household chores
because of their laziness, play time, and other priorities.
4.2. Reasons of Cramming

4.2.1. Academics
According to Regier (2011), The most effective tool you have to alter the
world is education. It is a ticket to the future since those who prepare for it will
own it in the future. Because it is closely related to the beneficial outcomes we
value, education is crucial. Academic success is important because it helps
students to get ready for their future careers. Students are also able to enter fields
that are competitive. Academic success is frequently an indicator of a
sophisticated brain, which can benefit students in all areas of their lives. In this
study, the researchers want to identify the different reasons of cramming when it
comes to academic activities.
4.2.1.1. Laziness
Patriarca (2019) stated that education is important to function in
our lives. We can get knowledgeable in all areas thanks to it. It provides
us with opportunities, talents, training, and experiences primarily aimed
at helping graduates find professional employment so they can use the
money they earn to meet their physiological demands or indulge their
desires. According to Oxford Dictionary, laziness is defined as the
unwillingness to work or be active or to do as little as possible.
When the researchers asked the respondents what are their
reasons on why they cram their academic activities, the respondents said,
“I can be lazy sometimes and say things like, "Okay, tomorrow, I'll do it
tomorrow; the deadline is still tomorrow," so I didn't give it the attention
it deserved” – Respondent 1, “I like cramming, which is often do by
other students, and because I also like to play online games, which I
prioritize more than my schoolwork” – Respondent 2, “Sometimes I chill
too much, and sometimes I also stockpile it for when I do it, I do it all at
the same time” – Respondent 3, “I always choose to chill and to play
online games” – Respondent 5, “I experience cramming because every
time there is an activity or topic, I just ignore it or study next time or
before the exam.” – Respondent 6, “”

4.2.1.2 Obligations
According to Broer, Houten, Kuijik, and Huppes (2022), from
not setting good boundaries to making poor decisions about prioritizing
your life, even other obligations such as work or stress can upset the
balance between life and study. In this study, the researchers want to
explore the obligations of the respondents that keep them from doing
their academic activities.
When the researchers asked what are the reasons why they are
cramming when it comes to their academic activities, the respondents
said, “…because as the eldest, I do a lot at home, such as laundry,
cooking, and washing the dishes. and then at the same time I was also
looking after the store” – Respondent 1, “I cram because I do a lot, not
just in my games but also in my household chores, especially since I am
often alone and there are also many activities” – Respondent 2, “You
also don't know how to handle your time as a grade 11 student because
you have responsibilities in school and at home at the same time.” –
Respondent 4, “I experienced cramming because I take care of my
priorities first” – Respondent 7,
4.2.1.3. Time span

According to Fulgencio, Ademasis et al., (2020) time
management is needed to avoid cramming school activities. Students
studied that time management can help accomplish tasks and activities.
Having a proper time management can aid you to finish all the tasks you
need to do, especially activities with a short time span.
When the researchers asked what are the reasons why they are
cramming when it comes to their academic activities, the respondents
said, “I'll do it tomorrow; the deadline is still tomorrow," so I didn't give
it the attention it deserved. The one that was closer to the deadline than
the one with a long deadline was what I gave priority to.” – Respondent
1, “There are some activities that a teacher just gave, and then there are
new activities that overlap, so I need to cram because the deadlines are
also the same.” – Respondent 2.

4.2.2. Household Chores

4.2.2.1. Laziness
Ramos (2019) stated that laziness is also termed as indolence or
sloth and is defined as the failure to do what you are supposed to do,
despite having the ability to do it. Laziness is a vice that slowly creeps in
and begins to hold you captive. It interrupts your life and prevents you
from getting to where you are supposed to be. At first you feel as though
you are having a deserved rest, then gradually you start tolerating and
entertaining laziness, finally it fully sets in and becomes a part of who
you are. In this study, we found out that laziness is one of the reasons of
cramming to students.
When the researchers asked the respondents what are the reasons
what are the reasons of their cramming behavior when it comes to their
academic activities, the respondents said, "When I am ordered, I always
say, “Just wait”, because there are times that I am too lazy to do that
thing.” – Respondent 1, "I always prioritize playing games because I'm
lazy." – Respondent 5, "I am much lazy if it is household chores rather
than my school related works." – Respondent 6, "…of course I cram
because of my laziness. If I know the due date and the task is easy, I will
do it the next day." – Respondent 7, "Because right now, I said I was a
bit lazy at first. So, I need to cram just to finish and turn in my pending
works." – Respondent 8, "I often cram because my schoolwork got
stockpiled and I'm starting to be lazy." – Respondent 10.
With the gathered information, the researchers found out six (6)
out of ten (10) respondents cram their household chores mainly because
of their laziness. The respondents experienced cramming because they
prioritize other things such as academic activities and online games. The
mañana habit is also evident because the respondents tend to always say
“tomorrow” rather than doing the chores right away.
4.2.2.2. Obligations
According to Differ (2013), Because of financial difficulties and
work obligations, Families commonly send some of their school-age

children to school, but not all of them. Particularly in rural areas, they
adopt other methods to ensure that their children acquire the necessary
information and abilities to either enter the workforce or work on the
family farm.
4.3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Crammings

Chloe Lane (2022) stated that, cramming or reviewing your notes the night
before you take an exam will help you remember the lesson you need to study and you'll
likely to have a high score. Doing this learning technique can also have its consequences,
you don't have the full understanding of the lesson you crammed and you'll not be able to
remember this because of the lack of understanding.
4.3.1. Advantages
According to Oxford Dictionary, advantage is a condition or
circumstance that puts one in a favorable or superior position. According to
Abbas (2022) The word cramming can be scary for everyone who wants to get
good grades. In fact, if you are preparing for any exams then you may have to
face the word ‘cramming’.
Some students want to avoid cramming due to drawbacks and some prefer it due
to its advantages.
4.3.1.1. Plenty of relax/chill time
According to Bickerdik (2016), A last-minute “cramming” time
management study strategy was associated with increased use of online
social networks. Learning strategies differed between undergraduate-and
graduate-entrants, with the latter less likely to adopt a surface approach
and more likely adopt a ‘study monitoring approach. Year score
percentage was positively correlated with the effort
management/organized studying learning style. Poorer academic
performance was associated with a poor time management approach to
studying (cramming) and increased use of the ‘surface learning strategy.
4.3.1.2. Time for other priorities
Based on 2012) that while academic success is important, it is
also essential to maintain a healthy balance between academic work and
other activities, such as socializing, exercise, and relaxation. The
achieving this balance, such as creating a schedule and prioritizing tasks,

setting realistic goals, and seeking social support. It also discusses the
potential negative consequences of neglecting other aspects of life in
favor of academic work, such as burnout, stress, and poor physical and
mental health.
4.3.2. Disadvantages
According to Eryilmaz (2018) from Stanford University, frequently
cramming will give your brain a lot of stress. It will force your brain to go
another level. Overworking your brain will give it anxiety, stress, frustrations,
fatigue and confusion. This is the disadvantage of cramming academic activities.
Having a couple of advantages can be good but do not forget that cramming is a
bad habit, and should be avoided by students.
4.3.2.1. Poor quality of work
According to Drs. Garg (2012), students that exchange their time
to rest will suffer in school by having a poor performance and can lower
the quality of their work. Poor quality of works is one of the
disadvantages of cramming. It will result in low scores then, low grades.
This could happen if you frequently cram your work and don't get
enough time to sleep.
When the researchers asked the respondents what are the
disadvantages of cramming when it comes to their academic activities,
the respondents said, "I can say that cramming is not helpful because it is
not of good quality and the work will be missed on due dates." –
Respondent 7, "Then the disadvantage is that the result of the activities
done is that there is good quality and there is poor quality." – Respondent
7, "The disadvantage of cramming was the quality of my work was low"-
Respondent 10, "…the disadvantage of cramming is that I have so little
time that I don't often improve what I'm doing, resulting in
underperformance already."- Respondent 6
4.3.2.2. Pressure
When the researchers asked the respondents what are the
disadvantages of cramming when it comes to their academic activities,
the respondents said, "You will be in a hurry with your work, especially

for the exam, you really need to study everything from the start, so
cramming is a bit confusing, when you cram, you will get used to
working under pressure and you can use that in your future" -
Respondent 6
4.4. Realizations and Learnings
4.4.1. Helpful
According to Dunlosky (2013), prior to exams, students do a
significant amount of study, and they believe the success of this well-
known cramming technique. Although in the near run, studying during
the night is preferable to not studying at all.
When the researchers asked the respondents if their cramming
behavior actually help them, the respondents said, “I can say that it helps
because when the deadline is near, I am working hard and am able to do
the activities that I should be doing. I think it helps me as a student” –
Respondent 1, “…cramming helps me since my brain works faster when
I'm in a rush. I'm able to think faster when I cram, and it helps me finish
tasks sooner.” – Respondent 2, “Yes, it helps me manage my time…I can
also already focus on my school works.” – Respondent 4, “Cramming
helps me by learning new things and if I want that thing, I can finish it
because of cramming.” – Respondent 5, “Cramming can also help
because I can see the improvements in my scores…, I cram and I can
master the theories and formulas better, then the topics I understand them
better so I can answer properly.” – Respondent 6, “…cramming is not
helpful because it is not of good quality and the work will be missed on
due dates.” – Respondent 7, “…it helps because that makes the action
faster. it doesn't help because, uh, we should be factual, be productive.” –
Respondent 8.
With the gathered information, the researchers found out that
seven (7) out of ten (10) students see their cramming behavior as helpful.
They have stated that cramming helps them to think faster and to be nore
efficient.

4.4.2. Unhelpful
According to Dearest Arhelo (2022), it increases stress, messes
with your sleep schedule, and impedes your ability to remember anything
for the test on which you crammed. The last-minute rush to learn
information that should have been studied over a period of time can
cause unnecessary stress and anxiety for students.
When the researchers asked the respondents if their cramming
behavior actually help them, the respondents said, “No, it's not okay for
me. Because there are times when I don't do it, it gets missed because I
forget about the deadline.” – Respondent 3, “I can say that cramming
doesn't really help because your work will have poor quality, and the due
dates will be missed” – Respondent 7, “No, because sometimes when I'm
cramming, it will last until it's early in the morning and I have school the
next day, so I neglect myself and I'm sleep deprived when I go to
school.” – Respondent 9.
With the gathered information, the researchers found out that
three (3) out of ten (10) students see their cramming behavior as
unhelpful because of the downgraded quality of their work, missed
deadlines, and lack of sleep.
Theme 1
F
Crammed Activities
Theme 2
F
Reasons of Cramming
Theme 3
F
Advantages and Disadvantages of Cramming
Theme 4
F
Realizations and Learnings
5.0. Discussions
5.1. Conclusion
This research is focusing on the cramming behaviors of the grade 11
STEM student of Our Lady of Fatima University. The first statement of the

problem of this study is about the lived experiences of the students when it comes
to cramming. Based on the data that the researchers gathered, the grade 11 STEM
students had some good and bad experience with their cramming habits. Some of
the respondents said that the cramming behavior is actually helping them with
their academic performance and giving them a chance to relax and have some
rest time.
The second statement of the problem is about how often does the grade
11 STEM student cram. The data we gathered from the grade 11 STEM students
are basically they are frequently cramming and they cannot stop this cramming
behavior. The researchers concluded that our respondents are frequent crammers.
Also based on the data the researchers analyzed the grade 11 STEM students
often cram the activities that are related to math and research. Respondents also
mentioned that they are cramming the quizzes on this said subjects.
For the third statement of the problem, it is the primary factors or causes
of cramming among grade 11 STEM students. According to our data that we
collected from our respondents, the researchers found out that the primary factors
of cramming among students are the laziness that they are feeling from their
academic works. The respondents often feel this laziness when the due date is in
short notice or the activities they need to accomplish has an short time span to
turn in. Obligations are also a factor why the students are experiencing
cramming. Based on the data the researchers analyzed the respondents often
prioritize their obligations in life rather than their academic activities.
Lastly, the fourth statement of the problem is the positive and negative
approaches of cramming to the Grade 11 STEM students of Our Lady of Fatima
University. The researches gathered some data from the respondents and it says
that one of the advantages of cramming for them is, they are able to have their
relaxation time and chill time in order to unwind from a cramming session. The
advantage of cramming for our respondents is that they are getting used to
cramming their work and they know it is getting out of hand and should be
avoided. It is also mentioned that cramming can lessen your sleep hours and can
affect your academic performance that can result into low grades.
5.2. Recommendations

To promote effective learning and retention, it is important to adopt

sustainable study habits that promote deep understanding of the material.
Cramming, or trying to learn a large amount of information in a short period of
time, can lead to superficial learning and poor long-term retention. Instead,
effective study habits include starting early, breaking the material down into
smaller chunks, practicing regularly, using active learning strategies, and testing
oneself. Starting early allows one to have enough time to study the material
thoroughly, and breaking the material down into smaller chunks helps to prevent
feeling overwhelmed. Practicing regularly and using active learning strategies
such as taking notes, summarizing key points, and asking questions can help to
consolidate the material and improve retention. Practice testing is also a highly
effective way of improving retention and identifying areas where one needs to
focus more attention. By adopting these study habits, one can improve their
learning outcomes and achieve better results in the long term.

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“11:59 PM”: A Qualitative Study about the…

Academics Academics Advantages Helpful

Time for other

Literatures Time span

Disadvantages Research Title

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

often cram was a math performance task because it is challenging to do,

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

4.2. Reasons of Cramming

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

4.2.1.3. Time span

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

4.2.2. Household Chores

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

4.3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Crammings

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

4.4. Realizations and Learnings

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

To promote effective learning and retention, it is important to adopt

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

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