Cma433 Topics 3

L/O/G/O
CMA433
LECTURE 3-2
SUSTAINABLE
BUILDING
Zainab mohmad zainordin

Contents
1 Green building & sustainability
2 Green building concept
3 Elements of sustainable design
4 Common principles for sustainable building
5 Sustainable architecture
www.themegallery.com
the picture
zainab m. zainordin BCM 513

Climate change + ecological threat
Increase in world’s carbon footprint in last ten years.
Shifting weight of national economies
of the 20 tallest buildings in the world are in Asia and the middle east
Urbanization + hyper-growth in the emerging world
Shifting to an urban paradigm
of the worlds population will live in cities by 2050
Urban energy consumption
www.themegallery.com Cities derive 72% of their energy from fossil fuels

If everyone in the world would live like
those in the developed world, there would
need to be three earths to sustain all of us
In short, we can’t all live like this!!
….or this!!
….or this!!
…or this!!
Which means we shall all be living like this
one day!!
Sustainable urban planning offers the best
means to slow the rate of global warming
The world Bank Report, the Little Garden Data Book 2009
GREEN BUILDING
California Green building
www.themegallery.com Fusionopolis research center, green building Singapore
www.themegallery.com Green building - Green wall
a green roof reduces the energy
consumption of a building,
because it keeps the
temperature inside more
constant and comfortable.
Green roofs also capture
rainwater runoff, and support the
life of insects and birds.
Amazing Green Building: The ACROS

Fukuoka
• What is a Green Building?
What is a Green Building?
According to the US Environmental Protection Agency

(EPA, 2009a):
“green building is the practice of creating structures and

using processes that are environmentally responsible
and resource-efficient throughout a building's lifecycle
from siting to design, construction, operation,
maintenance, renovation and deconstruction. This
practice expands and complements the classical
building design concerns of economy, utility, durability,
and comfort. Green building is also known as a
sustainable or high performance building.”
What is a Green Building?
According to the Urban Ecology Australia (2007), green

buildings must make best use of the sun, wind and rainfall
to help supply the energy and water needs of occupants.
Thus, “green” or “sustainable” buildings should use key

resources like energy, water, materials, and land more
efficiently than traditional buildings. With more natural light
and better air quality, green buildings typically contribute to
improved health, comfort, and productivity of end users.
Green Building
A green building is
an environmentally
responsible and
resource efficient
structure and
process.
zainab m. zainordin
Green Building
Green building (also known as green construction or
sustainable building) refers to a structure and using process
that is environmentally responsible and resource-efficient
throughout a building's life-cycle: from sitting to design,
construction, operation, maintenance, renovation & demolition.
This practice expands and

complements the classical
building design concerns of
economy, utility, durability, and
comfort. (Wikipedia)

Common objective is that green
buildings
Although new technologies are constantly being developed
to complement current practices in creating greener
structures
the common objective is that green buildings are:

designed to reduce the overall impact of the built environment
on human health and the natural environment by:
CONCEPT
 Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources
 Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity
 Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation.
zainab m. zainordin
The aim of this sustainable design is
The aim of this sustainable

design is to create a
healthier and resource
efficient models of
construction, operation,
renovation, maintenance,
and demolition, with the
help of green building
materials.
Sustainability…
• Sustainability in any sector implies

using better techniques and
technologies to utilise the
resources in an optimum way to
sustain it for future generations.
Sustainable Building Design
Sustainable design must use an alternative

approach to traditional design that incorporates
these changes in mind-set.
Sustainable building
Sustainable materials, is one of important
thing to make a building called Sustainable
building, especially those available locally, or
can it be recycled. Other choices include
reusable, and renewable.
Sustainable building
can be interpreted as
Green Building.

Why green buildings?
Huge amount of
resources like water,
energy and materials
are required for
constructing and
operating buildings,
and in turn they
produce large amounts
of waste.
Why green buildings?
Green building can reduce

operating costs by
increasing productivity and
using less water and
energy, improve health by
improving indoor air
quality, and reduce
environmental impacts.
How are green buildings green?
Green Building is a fairly broad concept, but the core

ideas of green building entail the following:
1) Environmentally Friendly
2) Efficient use of Resources
3) Designed for health and wellbeing of the building

occupants
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Environmentally Friendly
Buildings can be certified as

being environment-friendly
based on 6 defining criteria:
•Energy Efficiency
•Indoor Environmental Quality
•Sustainable Site Planning and
Management
•Materials and Resources
•Water Efficiency
•Innovation
Source: www.kettha.gov.my
Kementerian tenaga, Teknologi Hijau dan Air (Ministry of Energy,
Green Technology and Water)
GHERKIN BUILDING GOES GREEN!
1- Environmentally Friendly
It simply means two things;
1 ) Constructing the building is safe for the surrounding environment and

will not significantly interfere with the wild life, its patterns of daily life, and
that it will not negatively affect the natural environment.
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1- Environmentally Friendly
2) It also means that building is constructed from

environmentally friendly materials that are available locally and
that the construction process is well designed to reduce the
unnecessary pollution and negative effects on the environment.

 2- Efficient use of Resources

a sustainable building is energy efficient
- using water saving faucets and plumbing

elements, energy efficient lighting units and
passive solar design.
- Reduced energy consumption provides

financial benefits for the building owners and
helps reduce the carbon monoxide footprint of
the building on the environment.
zainab m. zainordin
3- Designed for health and wellbeing of the building

occupants.
- providing comfortable and safe environment for the human
occupants. It means that building will be pleasant and safe for
people to be in.
3- Designed for health and wellbeing of the building

occupants.
- It could contain the elements of intuitive floor plans,

spacious and well lit hallways, fresh-air circulation and
monitoring units, dampness and temperature controls.
Green Building concept
Green building (also known as
1) DESIGN green construction or
2) CONSTRUCTION sustainable building) refers to
a structure and using process
3) OPERATION that is environmentally
4) MAINTENANCE responsible and resource-
efficient throughout a building's
5) REDUCE WASTE life-cycle: from sitting to
design, construction,
operation, maintenance,
renovation & demolition.
1) Design
 Using sunlight through passive and active
solar and photovoltaic options
 Using green roofs and rain gardens to
reduce rainwater run-off
 Using packed gravel for parking lots instead
of asphalt or concrete to enhance
replenishment of ground water
?
a green roof reduces the energy
consumption of a building,
because it keeps the
temperature inside more
constant and comfortable.
Green roofs also capture
rainwater runoff, and support the
life of insects and birds.
Amazing Green Building: The ACROS

Fukuoka
1) Design
 Use high-efficiency windows and insulation
in walls, ceilings, and floors
1) Design
 Use trees planted in front of windows to
produce shade in the summer.
2) Construction
Selecting what materials to use is usually part of the designing stage as
well to ensure sustainability in the following years.
Some materials used include:
2) Construction
 Rapidly renewable plant materials like bamboo
Bio-composites, or biodegradable composites,
are the next generation of sustainable building
materials. They combine plant fibers with natural
resins and binders to make roof sheathing,
fences, fireproof doors, and more
Natural stone mining
Natural paving stone
2) Construction
 Dimension stone, a natural stone or rock that has been selected
and fabricated
2) Construction
 Use building materials from local sources to minimize energy use
due to their transportation.
3) Operation
Financial benefits:
• Lower energy costs from some of the design
processes
– high efficiency windows and insulation
– passive solar building design
– roofs that create high solar reflectance
(thereby reducing heat transfer to the
building) and high thermal emittance (when a
large percentage of absorbed/non-reflected
solar energy is able to be released). These
are called “cool roofs”
Health Benefits:
• Health benefits from green building are greater
than just a better natural feeling.
4) Maintenance
• Maintaining a building is important to ensuring
it remains sustainable and profitable.
• Nice thing about green building is

– that even though initial costs of
implementation are higher, long-term
maintenance is often much less of a
hassle!
– Consider the idea of design concepts
taking into account the increased usage of
natural light and temperature control
services–the more natural used, the less
maintenance of and dependency on
furnaces, air conditioners, and lighting
systems.
5) Reduce Waste
• Waste can be reduced on several levels by
taking a green approach to building.
– on site waste management, such as
separating garbage, recycling and compost
– centralized wastewater treatment systems
reuse wastewater from dishwashing or
washing machines
Green Technology
• Green technology
Definition of Green Technology
Green Technology is the development

and application of products, equipment
and systems used to conserve the natural
environment and resources, which
minimises and reduces the negative
impact of human activities.
Kementerian tenaga, Teknologi Hijau dan Air (Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water)
Green Technology criteria
Green Technology refers to products, equipment or systems

which satisfy the following criteria:
• It minimises the degradation of the environment;

• It has zero or low green house gas (GHG) emission;
• It is safe for use and promotes healthy and improved
environment for all forms of life;
• It conserves the use of energy and natural resources;
• It promotes the use of renewable resources.
Important of Green Technology
Green Technology is believed to

overcome environmental
degradation and natural resources,
improve health and lives, protect
ecosystems, costs to the
government in its efforts to mitigate
the impact of development and
serve as an alternative in order to
boost the economy.
How to make buildings sustainable?
• There are not well defined rules that set

the standard for creating sustainable
buildings.
Elements of sustainable design
SEVEN steps to a sustainable building, a performance path.

zainab m. zainordin
ONE
SITING of the building with a low impact

on the land, paying attention to solar
gain, prevailing winds, and water issues
is key. Good orientation is one of the
greatest gifts for a high performance
building.
LOCATION provides for walkable

neighborhoods close to services, solar
potential, good density, reuse and
adaptation of existing infrastructure. A
building is not an island, it is part of a
community.
zainab m. zainordin
TWO
ENERGY EFFICIENCY is a quality

building envelope along with good
insulation, low energy lighting and
appliances throughout. Remember the
environmental impact and operating
expense for the building’s lifetime.
WATER EFFICIENCY is for both the

outside and inside. Along with hardy
landscaping and low flow devices,
being aware of how you use it is just
as important.
zainab m. zainordin
TWO (cont’d)
ENERGY EFFICIENCY is a quality building envelope along with good

insulation, low energy lighting and appliances throughout. Remember the
environmental impact and operating expense for the building’s lifetime.
By
We reducing our
-specific energy star appliances, demand on traditional
-solar hot water heaters, power and gas
-photo-voltaic systems, sources and reducing
-wind turbines and greenhouse gas
emissions.
-geothermal heating system
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TWO (cont’d)
ENERGY STAR qualified appliances
ENERGY EFFICIENCY incorporate advanced technologies
By that use 10–50% less energy and
water than standard models
-specific energy star appliances,
-solar hot water heaters,
-photo-voltaic systems,
-wind turbines and
zainab m. zainordin
TWO (cont’d)
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
By
-specific energy star appliances,
-wind turbines and
ONLY USE - A CUP OF

WATER!!
zainab m. zainordin
specific energy star appliances
The new washing process uses about

44 lbs of plastic chips around a half-
centimeter in size to absorb and remove
dirt. These chips are mixed with a cup
of water and a pinch of detergent in
the washer. During the washing cycle,
the water is heated to help dissolve the
dirt. The plastic chips absorb the dirt
and your laundry comes out fresh
and clean.
The plastic chips can be reused up to

100 times, which the inventors estimate
will wash around 6 months of laundry.
They claim this process can effectively
remove all sorts of everyday stains
including coffee and lipstick.
zainab m. zainordin
TWO (cont’d)
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
By
-specific energy star appliances

-wind turbines and

TWO (cont’d)
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
By
-wind turbines and

TWO (cont’d)
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
By
-wind turbines and

SOLAR ROOF PANEL
Solar Power System

The use of solar energy in green building
can provide free electricity for the building
owners. Solar panels can be installed on the
roof top of the building where the solar
www.themegallery.com energy will be converted to electricity.
Solar Buildings - the design of
sustainable buildings is
- to install on buildings either
passive solar systems to reduce
the energy needs of a building or
active solar systems such as
solar hot water systems or solar
photovoltaic panels to produce
electricity.
zainab m. zainordin
TWO (cont’d)
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
By
-wind turbines
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Wind Turbine Energy Another way to generate electricity is
through the use of wind energy. Wind
turbine can be set up in pathway of
winds, which can provide significant
amount of free electricity for the
building owners.
Wind Turbine Energy

WIND TURBINE - FARM
WIND TURBINE - OFFSHORE
Wind turbines are used
to generate electricity
from the kinetic power
of the wind.
Bahrain World Trade Centre in
Manama, Bahrain
Installation of Wind Turbines on

Buildings -- Another approach to
making buildings more energy efficient
is to install wind turbines on them to
generate electricity.
TWO (cont’d)
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
By
-wind turbines

TWO (cont’d)
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
By
-wind turbines
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TWO (cont’d)
WATER EFFICIENCY - Implementing
rainwater collection and storage as well as
the use of greywater systems are other Water Efficiency
alternatives to consider.
- Reduced energy consumption provides

financial benefits for the building owners
and helps reduce the carbon monoxide
footprint of the building on the
environment.

water saving faucets
To saving water &
Elements of sustainable design money. Implementing
rainwater collection &
storage
TWO (cont’d)
WATER EFFICIENCY - is also a major
part of the green building process. Water
is reused every time the toilet is flushed.
Scientists believe that protection and
conservation of water will decrease sewer
traffic and use of toilet paper.
zainab m. zainordin New & Green: BCM 513

Integrated toilet & sink design
Water saving wash basins
Envirosink greywater recycling
system save water
Water saving tank
Envirosink greywater recycling

system save water
sink to toilet water system
Waterless toilet
Urinal sink
recycling system save

water + save time
NATURAL LIGHTING means bringing the sun deep into the

THREE
space, putting light where you need it. Free for all.
NATURAL HEATING/COOLING begins with solar tempering a

space, using thermal mass wisely, good overhangs for the
summer’s heat, and natural ventilation. Engineer to the sun.
zainab m. zainordin
Natural light
Bangkok –hk airport
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL
QUALITY (IEQ) means paying
FOUR
attention to air contaminants

(IAQ), and providing a place that
the body and mind function well
in. Our health is a central concern
when we design a building.
crawl space ventilation and air

zainab m. zainordin movement
Indoor environmental quality
Indoor
environmental
quality
(maintenance
of indoor
thermal &
visual comfort
and air quality).
openings on the opposite side of the
house allow cross ventilation – control
air movement
FIVE
RECYCLED MATERIALS: reduces our waste

stream .
-The contractor should minimize construction
waste while maximizing the use of renewable
building resources and material recycling.
- This is an important goal of our future
industries.
RENEWABLE MATERIALS are often low
processed, natural, and local. Beautiful, hardy
products and supplies meet our needs, and
support local economies.
zainab m. zainordin
Green building material
Green building material
• Green Building Material:
Gypsum Board, non
asbestos, fireproof, heat
&thermal insulation,
environmental protection
SOLAR POWER often is the best onsite renewable energy choice,

both electrical and thermal. (photo-voltaic systems)
SIX
WIND POWER can be bought from your utility, or if you can, put a
“genny” up in your back yard. (wind turbines)
REGENERATIVE/ADAPTIVE
is the future of building,
SEVEN
utilizing technologies and

techniques that positively
respond to the greater
environment.

Education
Upon completion, occupants are educated about the sustainable
design, systems, required maintenance, and use of environmentally
friendly materials.
Important to educate the public

about important of sustainable
design and how every individual
plays an important role in the
future health ofzainab
ourm.environment.
zainordin BCM 513
Sustainable Building
Architect play important role in construction building, he
usually choose Construction methods and techniques to
minimize environmental disruption of the building site and
reduce construction waste.
+ Including a renewable energy sources like solar panel and

wind power in building design, aim to make a green building
better than general building.
+ To reduce the long term operating costs usually including

high efficiency water and waste system in building design.
zainab m. zainordin
Sustainable architecture
• Sustainable architecture is simply means that
environmentally friendly design techniques in the field of
architecture.
• Sustainable Architecture shows systems approach to design
and construction in which the various components such as:
– alternative power recourses (passive solar techniques, wind power,
geothermal energy etc),
– proper use of site,
– proper use of materials,
– earth air conditioning,
– vapor-permeable ceilings, and cellulose insulation,
– health and safety,
– aesthetic appearance,
– contextual responsiveness etc,
Why need Sustainable architecture
Different countries have different cultures and way of

designing buildings are in relevance with their cultures…
Sustainable Architecture with Site , Climate
and Size and Shape of the building
Areas where it is possible to use Sustainable Architecture

Sail @ Marina Bay Singapore
BCA Green Mark Gold Certified
(Singapore’s sustainable building criteria)
zainab m. zainordin
Energy conservation and use of renewable
energy resources
Common principles for sustainable design
• Low-impact materials: choose non toxic, sustainably produced or

recycled materials
• Energy efficiency: use manufacturing processes and produce products
which require less energy
• Quality and durability: longer-lasting and better functioning products will
have to be replaced less frequently
• Design for reuse and recycling
• Sustainable design standards and project design guides are also
increasingly available by a wide array of private organizations and
individuals.
• Renewability: materials should come from nearby (locally)
• Healthy building: sustainable building design aims to create building that
are not harmful to their occupants nor to the large environment –
especially indoor air quality.
Green Energy Generation Systems
Energy Generating systems are considered to be the

most expensive elements of a green building design,
but the initial cost of this type of investment is justified
when calculated for future energy savings for the
building owner.
It is also environmentally sound choice that not only

results in free energy, but also earns LEED / green
building credits to the building owner.
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Measurement / Audit for Green Concept
Australia
Singapore
USA
Malaysia
Measurement / Audit for Green Concept
Measurement / Audit for Green Concept in Buildings

Categories for Rating LEED points
Sustainable site 12
Water efficiency 8
Energy and atmosphere 17
Material and resources 13
Indoor Environment Quality 15
Design process and innovation 4
Employing LEED designer 1
Total points 70
Certification for Green Buildings

Level Points required
LEED Certified 26 to 32
Silver Level 33 to 38
Gold Level 40 to 52
Platinam Level 53 and above
Malaysia’s first Green Building Index
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WHAT IS THE GREEN BUILDING
INDEX (GBI)?
The GBI is Malaysia’s industry recognised green rating tool for
buildings to promote sustainability in the built environment and
raise awareness among Developers, Architects, Engineers,
Planners, Designers, Contractors and the Public about
environmental issues and our responsibility to the future
generations.
The GBI rating tool provides an opportunity for developers and

building owners to design and construct green, sustainable
buildings that can provide energy savings, water savings, a
healthier indoor environment, better connectivity to public
transport and the adoption of recycling and greenery for their
projects and reduce our impact on the environment.
WHAT IS THE GREEN BUILDING
INDEX (GBI)?
GBI is developed specifically for the Malaysian-tropical climate,
environmental and developmental context, cultural and social needs
and is created to:
• Define green buildings by establishing a common language and
standard of measurement;
• Promote integrated, whole-building designs that provides a better
environment for all;
• Recognise and reward environmental leadership;
• Transform the built environment to reduce its negative environmental
impact; and
• Ensure new buildings remain relevant in the future and existing
buildings are refurbished and upgraded to improve the overall quality
of our building stock.
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In Malaysia
Specific Green Certified Projects today are:
- G Tower Kuala Lumpur (Green Mark)
- Ken Bangsar (Green Mark)
- Sunway Palazzio (Green Mark)
- Sunway Challis Damansara (Green Mark)
- Sunway Vivaldi (Green Mark)
- 11 Mont' Kiara (Green Mark)
- Solaris Towers Kuala Lumpur (Green Mark)
- 28 Mont' Kiara (Green Mark)
- 348 Sentral (LEED)
- KL Sentral Park (Green Mark)
- Nu Sentral (Green Mark)
- Menara 1 First Avenue, Bandar Utama (applying for GBI Malaysia)
- The upcoming Shell Shared Service Centre, Cyberjaya (LEED)
- KL International Airport (Green Globe 21)
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PAM's architects and ACEM's
engineers jointly founded Green
building index Sdn Bhd in February
2009. The purpose of the formation
was to develop and drive a more
sustainable and green architecture due
to an increasing demand from building
end-users for Green-rated buildings.
zainab m. zainordin
Types of Services
GBI Facilitators.
The roles and responsibility of GBI

Facilitators are to provide services to
enable building projects to achieve GBI
accreditation. They work together with
the building owners, architects,
engineers, etc. to develop a sound green
building strategy to obtain the intended
GBI rating.
The rating categories include Platinum,

Gold, Silver and Certified.

Contact Green building index
Address.
GREENBUILDINGINDEX SDN BHD (845666-V)
4 & 6 Jalan Tangsi, 50480 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Tel +603 2694 4182, Fax +603 2697 4182
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L/O/G/O
Thank You!

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L/O/G/O

Zainab mohmad zainordin

2 Green building concept

3 Elements of sustainable design

4 Common principles for sustainable building

zainab m. zainordin BCM 513

Increase in world’s carbon footprint in last ten years.

of the worlds population will live in cities by 2050

www.themegallery.com Cities derive 72% of their energy from fossil fuels

Amazing Green Building: The ACROS

According to the US Environmental Protection Agency

“green building is the practice of creating structures and

According to the Urban Ecology Australia (2007), green

Thus, “green” or “sustainable” buildings should use key

This practice expands and

zainab m. zainordin BCM 513

the common objective is that green buildings are:

The aim of this sustainable

• Sustainability in any sector implies

Sustainable design must use an alternative

zainab m. zainordin BCM 513

Green building can reduce

Green Building is a fairly broad concept, but the core

2) Efficient use of Resources

3) Designed for health and wellbeing of the building

Buildings can be certified as

1- Environmentally Friendly

It simply means two things;

1 ) Constructing the building is safe for the surrounding environment and

1- Environmentally Friendly

2) It also means that building is constructed from

zainab m. zainordin BCM 513

 2- Efficient use of Resources

- using water saving faucets and plumbing

- Reduced energy consumption provides

3- Designed for health and wellbeing of the building

3- Designed for health and wellbeing of the building

- It could contain the elements of intuitive floor plans,

Amazing Green Building: The ACROS

Some materials used include:

Natural stone mining

Natural paving stone

• Nice thing about green building is

Green Technology is the development

Green Technology refers to products, equipment or systems

• It minimises the degradation of the environment;

Green Technology is believed to

• There are not well defined rules that set

SEVEN steps to a sustainable building, a performance path.

SITING of the building with a low impact

LOCATION provides for walkable

ENERGY EFFICIENCY is a quality

WATER EFFICIENCY is for both the

ENERGY EFFICIENCY is a quality building envelope along with good

ONLY USE - A CUP OF

The new washing process uses about

The plastic chips can be reused up to

-solar hot water heaters,

zainab m. zainordin BCM 513

zainab m. zainordin BCM 513

zainab m. zainordin BCM 513

Solar Power System

Wind Turbine Energy