CL 405

Process Equipment Selection

(and design)
Introduction

Yogendra Shastri
Department of Chemical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

Hierarchy of Chemical Process Design

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Conceptual/Basic Engineering Design

Conceptual/Basic Engineering Design

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Conceptual/Basic Engineering Design
Process design
• Volume of the reactor
• Length and diameter of the
reactor/column
• Number of stages in a
distillation column
• Area of heat exchangers
• Catalysis quantity and
packing size

What are the next steps?

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 Course Objectives
The course coverage is intended as a guide to the selection and
design of the principal kinds of chemical process equipment by
engineers in petroleum, petrochemicals, biochemical and other
emerging Industries along with an introduction to important
process engineering documents for equipment & plant design

• Assumptions:
– Flowsheet has been developed
– Process has been optimized
– Process conditions have been finalized 7

Major topics to cover

• Engineering Diagrams (PFD, P&ID, Safety, etc.)

• Reactors (traditional and novel reactor designs)
• Heat Exchangers and Evaporators (Single & Multiple Effect)
• Pumps (of different kinds) and Pump Circuits with Fittings
• Compressors (of different kinds)
• Furnaces and Furnace Reactors

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 Course Content: Some more details
• Plant Design: PFD (Process Flow Diagram), P&ID (Piping &
Instrumentation Diagram), Plant Layout, Safety
• Design variations, selection criteria, process calculations, and
representative industrial applications for the following are covered:
– Reactors: Packed bed, fluidized bed, endothermic, exothermic, two/three phase
– Heat exchangers and evaporators: Shell and tube, design criteria, fluid
restrictions, multiple effect evaporator design, optimum number of effects.
– Pumps: Types of pumps and selection criteria. Typical calculations of a pumping
circuit and pump rating, Pump characteristic curves, Cavitation and NPSH.
– Compression and Expansion: Blowers and compressors, Single or multistage
compressing, Typical multistage compressor calculations.
– Furnaces: Types of furnaces, simple 1-D, 2-D heat transfer models of furnaces.
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Learning Outcome of the Course

• Understand the steps in process scale-up
• Read and understand a process flow diagram (PFD) and
Process and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID)
• Select appropriate type of equipment for the process based
on scale, conditions, economics, and other factors
• Perform preliminary process design of equipment based on
the type of the equipment
• Evaluate the appropriateness of a flowsheet
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 Proposed Plan (subject to change)
Lecture Tutorial Total
Topics to cover hours hours hours
Introduction, motivation, course policy 1 1
Engineering Diagrams (PFD, P&ID, Safety, etc.) 1 1
Reactors 4 2 6
Heat exchangers and evaporators 3 2 5
Pumps (of different kinds) and Pump Circuits with
Fittings 2 2 4
Compressors (of different kinds) and basic sizing 2 2 4
Furnaces and Furnace Reactors 2 2 4
Buffer lectures, make up quizzes 2 2
Total 27
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Proposed Schedule
(subject to change)
• Schedule is subject to
change

• You are expected to be

available on all four lecture
hours if necessary

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