Objective:

• Acquire ideas about human culture, human agency, society and

politics.
• Recognize cultural relativism and social inclusiveness to overcome
prejudices.
• Develop social and cultural competence to guide their interactions
with groups, communities, networks and institutions.
 UNDERSTANDING CULTURE,
SOCIETY AND POLITICS
Objective:
• Articulate on human cultural variation, differences, social change and
political identities.
• Demonstrate curiosity and openness to explore the origin and dynamics of
culture, society an and political identities.
• Analyze social, political and cultural change.
 A. Starting Points for Understanding of
Culture, Society and Politics

Objective:
• Articulate on human cultural variation, differences, social change and
political identities.
• Demonstrate curiosity and openness to explore the origin and dynamics of
culture, society an and political identities.
• Analyze social, political and cultural change.
Activity # 1: Sorting OUT!
Processing:
• What is sociology?
• How is it distinct from anthropology and political science?
• What themes unify the three disciplines?
Application:
Applied Anthropology, Sociology, Political science
• Used in treatment of illnesses in communities.
• Sociological application in solving ethnic conflict (Filipino Christians vs.
Muslims)
• Application of political knowledge in exercising right of suffrage.
Sorting out!
ANTHROPOLOGY SOCIOLOGY POLITICAL SCIENC
 Sorting out! CULLTURAL
CHANGE
R&
ENA

Interaction
Sociology
• is the systematic study of human behavior, of the groups which one belongs, and
of the societies that human being create and within which their lives unfold.
• Sociology differs from other social sciences in its particular emphasis on people
and groups and on groups structure. Sociology shares this perspective with
Anthropology (Prehistoric and preliterate)
 Areas of Sociology
Human Ecology
studies the nature and behavior
of a given population and its
relationships to the group’s
present social institutions.
Social Change and
disorganization- This area
includes the study of change
in culture, social relation and
the disruption that may occur Population demography
in society.
study of population number,
composition, change, and quality
as they influence the economic,
political, and social system.

Sociological Theory &

Social Psychology Method
deals with the study of human applicability and usefulness of
nature as an outcome of group
the principles and theories
life.

Applied Sociology

Areas of
Social Organization utilizes the findings of pure
sociological research in various
Study of the various social fields such as:
institution, social groups, social

Sociology
Criminology, social work, ,
stratification, social mobility,
education, industrial relation,
ethnic groups and relation and
family counseling, and problems
others.
of daily life
What is anthropology
• The term "anthropology" is from the Greek anthrōpos (ἄνθρωπος), "man",
understood to mean humankind or humanity, and logia (-λογία), "discourse" or
"study.“
• Scientific and humanistic study of the human species.
• It explores human diversity in time and space.
• Confronts basic questions of human existence
• How we originated
• How we have changed
• How we are still changing
Disciplines of Anthropology

Anthropology

Linguistics
Physical/ Cultural Archeology
study of language which
Biological deals with the study of Includes phonetics, phonology,
morphology and syntax
human behavior and how deals with the study of
he carries out and adopts Descriptive – deals with
deals with origin and and analysis of ancient
to the various activities of classifications, arrangement, and culture pertaining to
evolutionary process of analysis of the various features
man, concerned with the everyday life. Also studied of language prehistoric people, their
genetic makeup and tribes, communities and dwelling, artifacts,
Comparative or historical
changes of the human other indigenous groups. inscriptions and
linguistics – studies the changes
aspect of life. in language, language variations, movements
and comparison of the existing
language
Political Science
• Systematic study of the state and government
• “ the science of the form and principles of civil government, and the
extent and manner of its intervention in public and private affairs.
You will discover how the key concepts in politics like:
Freedom Justice Equality
Gain a broad understanding of such important issues as:
Democracy Political Participation

Globalization Environmentalism Feminism

RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER SOCIAL DISCIPLINE

Co Economics
Paleontolo
gy
un Geography

sell
ing
Anthropolo
gy Humanities

Social Social work

Sciences
Sociology
History
Communication

Psychology Archeology

Political
Theology
Science
 B. Culture
Objective:
• Explain anthropological and sociological perspective of culture.
• Understand the concept of culture.
• Identify aspects of culture.
• Become aware of why and how cultural relativism mitigates
ethnocentrism
Culture
Activity # 2: Video Clip (KARANGAYA: Inareglong Kasal)
Processing:
Give one adjective describing the story from the video clip?
Application:
Determine how culture affects an individuals.
Culture
• Anthropological perspective:
“ That complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals,
law, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a
member of a society (Sir Edward Taylor)
• Sociological perspective:
The totality of learned, socially transmitted customs, knowledge, and
material objects and behavior.( ideas, values, customs)
• Universality (exists in every culture) Generality (pattern of trait that
exists in some but not all) Particularity (distinctive or unique cultural
trait)
Aspects of Culture

Culture is Learned
it is acquired through education,
training and experience.
* Symbols – signs with no
necessary or natural connection to the
things they signify or for which they
stand for
Culture is Shared
-the acquisition of total
experience and knowledge of
the entire group of the society
through the medium of
language verbal or non-verbal
(gestures, signs, orally or in writing)
Culture is Culture is adaptive
-though inventions and
discoveries man has been
able to overcome his
limitations to outdo all
other animals.
Culture is a source of
gratification
-it provides satisfaction
of man’s varied
psychological,
physiological,, social
and emotional and
spiritual needs.
Culture is stable yet dynamic
- it is preserved and
accumulated, yet no culture is
fix or static. It grows and
accumulates with the passing
of time. Culture change from
within and without.
Culture is a distinctive way of
life of a group of people /
cultural diversity
- members of the society have
developed their unique way of
life that suits their needs and
particular situation.
Culture is all-encompassing
- covers all even the trivial or
unworthy of serious study
such as the case of “POP
culture”
• Pinoy street foods, fast food,
turo-turo
• Pinoy movies and television
• Pinoy music
• Pinoy icons (heroes, Phil.
Politicians, stars etc.)
• Telenovelas (including Tagalized
versions of Mexican soap
operas, Chinovelas,
Koreanovelas)
• Pinoy sports
• Tiangge, ukay-ukay, baratilyo,
talipapa
Language/
Symbols

• Consists of a highly complex set

of symbols that is made by
humans
DIFFERENT VIEWPOINTS/PERSPECTIVESS ON CULTURE
Cultural Relativism
- culture differs, so that cultural trait, act, or idea has no meaning or
function by itself but has a meaning only within its cultural setting
 Ethnocentrism
• A feeling that one’s own culture
is superior than others

• It is also an inclination to judge

other cultures in terms of their
own merit.
 Comparing Theoretical Perspectives
Perspective Scope of Point of View Focus of Analysis
Analysis
Structural- Macro Level 1. Various parts of society are Functional and
Functionalism interdependent dysfunctional aspects
2. Social systems are highly stable of society
3. Social life governed by
consensus & cooperation

Conflict Theory Macro Level 1. Society accommodates between 1. How social

competing interest groups inequalities produce
2. Society unstable and prone to conflict
change 2. Who benefits from
3. Social life conflict-laden social arrangements

Interactionist Micro-Level 1. Actions have symbolic How people make

meanings sense of their world
2. Meanings can vary
 Conflict Model:
Structural Functional: Would note that unemployment are the
relatively powerless and would suggest that
Focus on the fit between the economic
their joblessness serve the interest of those
system’s need for workers and the supply of
who have the jobs and the power to explain
people with particular skills
unemployment as a consequence of lesser
ability
Symbolic Interactionism:
Imagining yourself as an unemployed
worker; how would these circumstance
affect your feelings about yourself and your
dealings with others? What little dramas will
you experience in trying to maintain self-
esteem?