Assinment-2 (Heat Transfer)

BY YOGESH TYAGI SIR

1. Select the correct statement.
(a) Critical radius of insulation for cylindrical body is 𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑠 /h
(b) Critical radius of insulation for spherical shell is 2𝐾𝑖𝑛𝑠 /ℎ
(c) The rate of heat transfer is maximum at critical radius of insulation.
(d) The rate of heat transfer is minimum at critical radius of insulation.

2. The rate of heat transfer per 𝑚2 of surface area of furnaces wall (which can be
approximated as plane slab) when the thermal conductivity varies with temperature
according to the relation 𝑘 = (𝑎 + 𝑏𝑡 2 )𝑊/𝑚. °𝐶 where t is in °C and L = 0.2m, t1 =
300°C, t2 = 30°C and a = 0.3 and b = 5 × 10-6
3. Heat flow due to conduction in a circular conical rod with diameter at any section given
by D = cx where x is the distance measured from apex of the cone and c is a certain
numerical constant. Assuming that lateral surface is well insulated, there is no internal
heat generation and heat flow takes place under steady state conditions. An expression
for the temperature distribution T(x) in symbolic form, assuming one – dimensional
conditions.
1 1
( − )
𝑥 𝑥1
(a) 𝑇(𝑥) = 𝑇1 + (𝑇1 − 𝑇2 ) [ 1 1 ]
−
𝑥1 𝑥2
ln(𝑥⁄𝑥1 )
(b) 𝑇(𝑥) = 𝑇1 + 𝑇2
ln(𝑥1 ⁄𝑥2 )
ln(𝑥⁄𝑥1 )
(c) 𝑇(𝑥) = 𝑇1 + (𝑇1 − 𝑇2 )
ln(𝑥 ⁄𝑥 )
1 2
(d) None of these
4. A steam pipe (k = 45 W/m°C) having 70 mm inside diameter and 85 mm outside
diameter is lagged with two insulation layers; the layer in contact with the pipe is 35
mm asbestos (k=0.15 W/m°C) and it is covered with 25 mm thick magnesia insulation
(k=0.075 W/m°C). the heat transfer coefficients for the inside and outside surfaces are
220 W/m2°C and 6.5 W/m2°C respectively. If the temperature of steam is 350°C and the
ambient temperature is 30°C.

a. The overall heat transfer coefficient based on inside surface of steam pipe___________.

b. The overall heat transfer coefficient based on outside surface of steam

pipe___________.

5. A 5-mm diameter spherical ball at 50°C is covered by a 1-mm thick plastic insulation
(k=0.13 W/m.°C). The ball is exposed to a medium at 15°C, with a combined
convection and radiation heat transfer coefficient of 20 W/m2.°C.

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 Assinment-2 (Heat Transfer)
BY YOGESH TYAGI SIR

(a) Plastic insulation will increase the heat transfer rate from wire.
(b) Plastic insulation will decrease the heat transfer rate from wire
(c) Plastic insulation will have no effect on heat transfer rate
(d) None of the above
∂T
6. In the two-dimensional body illustrated, the gradient at surface A is found to be = 30
∂y
K/m. What are 𝜕𝑇/𝜕𝑦 and 𝜕𝑇/𝜕𝑥 at surface B?

7. Select the wrong statement for heat generation in conduction analysis

(a) In heat conduction analysis, conversion of electrical, chemical or nuclear energy into
heat in solids is called heat generation
(b) Heat generation is a volumetric phenomenon.
(c) Heat generation is a surface phenomenon.
(d) The absorption of solar radiation by water can be treated as heat generation.
8. A 2-kW resistance heater wire with thermal conductivity of (k=20 W/m.°C), a diameter
of D = 5 mm, and a length of L = 0.7 m is used to boil water. If the outer surface
temperature of the resistance wire is T∞ = 110°C, The temperature at the centre of the
wire.

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 Assinment-2 (Heat Transfer)
BY YOGESH TYAGI SIR

(a) 121.4°C
(b) 221.4°C
(c) 321.4°C
(d) 421.4°C

9. Heat transfer rate through the wall of a circular tube with convection acting on the outer
surface is given per unit of its length by
2𝜋𝐿(𝑇𝑖 − 𝑇0 )
𝑞̇ =
ln(𝑟0 ⁄𝑟𝑖 ) 1
+
𝑘 𝑟0 ℎ
Where 𝑖 refers to the innertube surface and 𝑜 the outer tube surface. Increasing 𝑟𝑜 will
reduce the heat transfer as long as
(a) 𝑟𝑜 < 𝑘/ℎ
(b) 𝑟𝑜 > 𝑘/ℎ
(c) 𝑟𝑜 > 2𝑘/ℎ
(d) Increasing 𝑟𝑜 will always reduce the heat transfer

10.A uniform shearing of plastic insulation (k=0.18 W/m°C) is applied to an electric cable
of 8 mm diameter. The convective film coefficient on the surface of bare cables as well
as insulated cable was estimated as 12.5 W/m2°C and a surface temperature of 45°C was
observed when the cable was directly exposed to ambient air 20°C.
(i) The thickness of insulation to keep the wire as cool as possible ___________.
(ii) The surface temperature of insulated if the intensity of current flowing through
the conductor remains unchanged____________.

11.A 2-mm diameter and 20-m long electric wire is tightly wrapped with 1-mm thick plastic
cover whose thermal conductivity is k = 0.15 W/m.°C. Electrical measurements indicate
that a current of 10 A passes thorough the wire and there is a voltage drop of 8 V along
the wire. If the insulated wire is exposed to a medium at T∞ = 30°C with a heat transfer

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 Assinment-2 (Heat Transfer)
BY YOGESH TYAGI SIR
coefficient of ℎ = 24 𝑊/𝑚2 .°C, determine the temperature at the interface of the wire
and the plastic cover in steady operation. Also determine if doubling the thickness of
the plastic cover will increase or decrease this interface temperature.

12.In a nuclear reactor, 1-cm-diameter cylindrical uranium rods cooled by water from
outside serve as the fuel. Heat is generated uniformly in the rods (k = 29.5 W/m.°C) at
a rate of 7 × 107 W/m3. If the outer surface temperature of rods is 175°C, determine the
temperature at their center________________.

13.Consider a large plane wall of thickness L = 0.3 m, thermal conductivity k = 2.5 W/m.°C,
and surface area A = 12m3. The left side of the wall at x = 0 is subjected to a net heat
flux of 𝑞0̇ = 700 𝑊/𝑚2 while the temperature at that surface is measured to be
T1=80°C. Assuming constant thermal conductivity and no heat generation in the wall,
The temperature of the right surface of the wall at x = L is ______________ °C.

14.Select the wrong statement for heat generation in conduction analysis

(a) Nuclear fission in fuel element of nuclear reactor can be treated as heat generation,
(b) Exothermic chemical reaction in a medium can be treated as heat generation.
(c) Heating of resistance wire as current passes through it, can be treated as heat generation,
(d) Rate of heat generation in a medium is always position independent and time
independent.

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 Assinment-2 (Heat Transfer)
BY YOGESH TYAGI SIR
15.A plane wall ‘X’ (k = 75 W/m°C) is 60 mm thick and has volumetric heat generation of
1.5 × 106 𝑊/𝑚3 . It is insulated on one side while the other side is in contact with
surface of another wall ‘Y’ (k = 150W/m°C) which is 30 mm thick and has no heat
generation. The non-contact surface of wall ‘Y’ is exposed to a cooling fluid at 20°C. if
the convective heat transfer coefficient between wall ‘Y’ and fluid 950 W/m2°C.
a. The temperature at the insulated surface is ____________.
b. The temperature at the cooled surface of the composite wall is________________.

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 Assinment-2 (Heat Transfer)
BY YOGESH TYAGI SIR
16.Consider one dimensional steady state heat conduction across a wall (as shown in figure
below) of thickness 30 mm and thermal conductivity 15 W/m.K. At x = 0, a constant
heat flux, 𝑞” = 1 × 105 𝑊/𝑚2 is applied. On the other side of the wall, heat is removed
from the wall by convection with a fluid at 25°C and heat transfer coefficient of 250
W/m2K. The temperature (in °C), at x = 0 is _________.

17.A plane wall of thickness 0.1 m and thermal conductivity 25 W/m.K having uniform
volumetric heat generation of 0.3 MW/m3 is insulated on one side, while the other side
is exposed to a fluid at 92°C. The convection heat transfer coefficient between the wall
and the fluid is 500 W/m2.K. Determine the maximum temperature in the wall.
(a) The maximum temperature in the plane wall is 212°C
(b) The minimum temperature in the plane wall is 152°C
(c) The maximum temperature in the plane wall is 312°C
(d) The minimum temperature in the plane wall is 252°C

18.A stainless-steel tube (𝑘𝑆 = 19 𝑊/𝑚𝐾) of 2 cm ID and 5 cm OD in insulated with 3

cm thick asbestos (𝑘𝑆 = 0.2 𝑊/𝑚𝐾). If the temperature difference between the inner
most and outermost surfaces is 600°C, the heat transfer rate per unit length is
(a) 0.94 W/m
(b) 9.44 W/m
(c) 944.72 W/m
(d) 9447.21 W/m

19.A bakelite coating (k=1.4 W/m.K) is to be used with a 10 mm diameter conducting rod,
whose surface is maintained at 200°C b passage of an electrical current. The rod is in a
fluid at 25°C, and the convection coefficient is 140 W/m2.K.
(a) What is the critical radius associated with the coating__________?
(b) What is the what transfer rate per unit length for the bare rod _________?
(c) What is the heat transfer rate per unit length for the rod with a coating of bakelite that
corresponds to the critical radius_________

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 Assinment-2 (Heat Transfer)
BY YOGESH TYAGI SIR
20.Heat transfer through a composite wall is shown in figure. Both the sections of the wall
have equal thickness (l). The conductivity of one section is 𝑘 and that of the other is 2𝑘.
The left face of the wall is at 600 K and the right face is at 300 K.
The interface temperature 𝑇𝑖 (in K) of the composite wall is___________.
21.The surfaces of a plane wall of thickness L are maintained at temperatures T 1 and T2.
The thermal conductivity of wall material varies according to the relation K = K 0T2. The
expression fo steady state conduction through the wall
𝐾
(a) 0 (𝑇13 − 𝑇23 )
3𝐿
𝐾0 𝐴
(b) (𝑇13 − 𝑇23 )
6𝐿
𝐾0 𝐴
(c) (𝑇12 + 𝑇22 + 𝑇1 𝑇2 )
3𝐿
𝐾0 𝐴
(d) (𝑇13 − 𝑇23 )
3𝐿

22.The heat loss per square meter surface area of a 40 cm thick furnace wall having surface
temperatures of 300°C and 50°C if the thermal conductivity 𝑘 of the wall material is
given by
𝑘 = 0.005𝑇 − 5 × 10−6 𝑇 2 ; 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑇 = 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝. 𝑖𝑛 °𝐶
(a) 635 W/m2
(b) 935 W/m2
(c) 435 W/m2
(d)
735 W/m2
23.
A long homogeneous resistance wire of radius r0 = 5 mm is being used to heat the
air in a room by the passage of electric current. Heat is generated in the wire
uniformly at rate of 𝑔̇ = 5 × 107 𝑊/𝑚3 as result of resistance heating. If the
temperature of the outer surface of the wire remains at 180°C, determine the
temperature at r = 2 mm after steady operation conditions are reached
____________. Take the thermal conductivity of the wire to be 𝑘 = 8 𝑊/𝑚°C.

24.Consider a large 5 cm thick brass plate (k=111W/m.°C) in which heat is generated

uniformly at a rate of 2 × 105 𝑊/𝑚3 . One side of the plate is insulated while the
other side is exposed to an environment at 25°C with a heat transfer coefficient
of 44 W/m2.°C.

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 Assinment-2 (Heat Transfer)
BY YOGESH TYAGI SIR

(a) The highest temperature in the plate is _____________.

(b) The lowest temperature in the plate is _____________.

25.Assume stead-state, one-dimensional heat conduction through the symmetric

shape shown.

Assuming that three is no internal heat generation, an expression for the thermal
conductivity 𝑘(𝑥) for these conditions. 𝐴(𝑥) = (1 − 𝑥). 𝑇(𝑥) = 300(1 − 2𝑥 − 𝑥 3 ) ,
and q = 6000 W, where A is a square metre, T is kelvins, and x in meters.
20
(a) (1−𝑥)(2+3𝑥 2)
60
(b) (1−𝑥)(2+3𝑥 2)
20
(c) (1−𝑥)(2−3𝑥 2)
20
(d) (1+𝑥)(2+3𝑥 2 )

26.Consider a 1.5-m-high and 0.6-m-wide plate whose thickness is 0.15 m. One side
of the plate is maintained at a constant temperature of 500 K while the other side
is maintained at 350 K. The thermal conductivity of the plate can be assumed to
a vary linearly in that temperature range as 𝑘(𝑇) = 𝑘0 (1 + 𝛽𝑇) where 𝑘0 =
25𝑊/𝑚𝐾 and 𝛽 = 8.7 × 10−4 𝐾 −1 . Assuming steady one-dimensional heat
transfer. The rate of heat conduction through the plate is
(a) 50.8 kW
(b) 30.8 kW

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 Assinment-2 (Heat Transfer)
BY YOGESH TYAGI SIR
(c) 70.8 kW
(d) 90.8 kW

27.Consider steady-state conditions for one-dimensional conduction in a plane wall having

a thermal conductivity k = 50 W/m.K and a thickness L = 0.25 m, with no internal heat
generation.

Determine the heat flux and the unknown quantity for each case and sketch the
temperature distribution, indicating the direction of the heat flux.
Case T1(°C) T2(°C) dT/dx (K/m)
1 50 -20
2 -30 -10
3 70 160
4 40 -80
5 30 200

28.Heat is being transferred conductively from a cylindrical nuclear reactor fuel rod of 50
mm diameter to water at 75°C, under steady state condition, the rate of heat generation
within the fuel element is 106 W/m3 and the convective heat transfer coefficient is 1
KW/m2K, the outer surface temperature of the fuel element would be
(a) 700 K
(b) 625 K
(c) 360 K
(d) 400 K

29.The heat flow rate if the smaller and longer ends are located at x1=50 mm and x2=250
mm and have temperatures 400°C and 200°C respectively. Take c = 0.22 and k = 3.6
W/m.°C.
(a) 5.7 W
(b) 10.7 W
(c) 1.7 W
(d) 21.7 W

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