LAGRO HIGH SCHOOL

THE LEVEL OF COPING MECHANISM TO THE RISING PRICES OF

SCHOOL NECESSITIES AMONG GRADE 12 ABM STUDENTS IN
LAGRO HIGH SCHOOL

A Research
proposed to Mr. Randolph G. Catungal

In partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the
course Practical Research 2

Holoyohoy, Maribel B.
Larioza, Angel
Oblego, Yu-Anne B.
Tutanes, Faiza-Jane D.

ACT 182

October 2019
 LAGRO HIGH SCHOOL

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

When school opening is near, manufacturers of school supplies, particularly

paper-based products jack up prices due to higher cost of raw materials and foreign

exchange. Sufficient school supplies for students are one of the key for them to be

active in school and be able to do their task. Many students nowadays are struggling

in doing their school tasks because their money is limited just for their fare and food

for the rest of the hours they spending in school. Some students lack in money which

may have several results like they will cram and be late in passing their works. They

will become thrifty and their works has become low quality. This happening has

become widely acceptable because of inflation in our country. Teachers in high

poverty were more likely to spend personal money on school supplies. Today , most

people faced with different problems,especially in budgeting their money,because of

the inflation rate the people are not able to manage it well , Coping mechanism

means to invest one's effort to solve the problem that she/he encounter. In terms to

the rising prices of school necessities,this is the number one factor that the students

facing. According to ( Portland ) School necessities are those commodities which are

consumed during the school year. In this study we will going to know what are the

coping mechanism that the student will be going to do and to need to cope up with

that situation.

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Quality work makes everyone think that you have most time and money on

preparing that piece. But what can you do if you are not capable of having quality

work because you lack money on buying things that are necessary? The Department

of Trade and Industry (DTI) said that several brands of notebook and pad paper

increased prices due to the high cost of raw materials imported from China and

depreciation of the peso against the dollar (Richmond Mercuno). Increasing prices of

school necessities are arising from different parts of our country which may have

several effects on the students, some may engage into an extra work aside from their

household chores just to gain money and buy things they needed in school, as for

the students who are being supported by their loved ones, they will get extra money

from their parents or guardian to be able to buy what their school requires them to

have. Not only students are being affected by this increase but also their parents who

will provide for their child's allowance.

According to latest data from the Commission on Higher Education or CHED,

About 216,000 students in the country are currently juggling school and work (ABS-

CBN news). Which means lot of students are struggling in their lives, helping them be

able to attend school without worrying about finances is a great opportunity for them

to focus on their studies.

What many parents might think of this increase is that the new reformed law

greatly affects the increasing of prices of school necessities. The officials also

clarified that the price increase was not in any way connected to TRAIN law or the

tax Reform Acceleration and Inclusion law.

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It was more because of the increase in the prices of imported paper in the

world market, Castelo said (Eagle News). The TRAIN law consists of revisions to the

National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, or the tax code, this reform introduced

amendments to personal income tax, transfer taxes, value added tax, excise tax,

taxation of sales of shares of stocks, and documentary stamp tax.

But also, there are students who are not bothered by the price hike, those are

the ones who belong to the middle and high class, so this study will let us know the

level of mechanism to the raising prices of school necessities among grade 13 ABM

Ricardo of Lagro High School.

Review of Related Literature

This chapter presents the related Literatures and studies both local and

foreign has correlation to the topic of the researchers which is the Level of Coping

Mechanism of grade 12 Accountancy, Business Management students of Lagro High

School to the Rising Prices of School Necessities.

Based on the Philippine Star Global Author Richmond Mercurio, the

department of trade and industry (dti) said several brands of notebooks and pad

paper increased prices due to the high cost of raw materials imported from china and

the depreciation of the peso against the dollar.

In line with this, according to MANILA, Philippines (Eagle News) — The

Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) confirmed that prices of school supplies

have increased. In an interview with Net 25’s, Usapang Pagbabago, DTI

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Undersecretary Atty. Ruth Castelo explained that the price rise was due to the

increase on the prices of raw materials for pad papers and other school supplies.

She said that they will ask the paper manufacturers in the country not to apply the

increase in the current stocks.

But according to Phil star. Com, while there are clashing views on the

cause of price hikes, it cannot be denied that the students are also affected by

the phenomenon even if a huge majority of them are not yet paying taxes.

Because many of them are not yet employed, they do not enjoy the higher take-

home pay caused by the reduction in income tax.

Many of them are also not covered by cash transfers designed to help

poor families cope with the impact of price increases. The higher take-home pay

and the cash transfers are usually cited by finance officials when asked how the

government would help consumers complaining about the rising commodity

prices.

ABS-CBN news said that the prices of school supplies have risen as raw

material costs increase, the Department of Trade and Industry said Tuesday after

releasing its annual guide for consumers. These include notebook and pad paper

brands, the DTI said, adding the peso's weakness made imports more expensive.

Consumers can save money by buying school supplies in bundles, said Trade

Undersecretary Ruth Castelo. Advance, Topline, Best Buy, Pandayan, Papelikha,

Orions, and Veco raised the prices of their composition, writing and spiral

notebooks by P1.00 to P4.00, according to the DTI.

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Prices of pad paper for Grades 1 to 4 increased by P0.50 to P6 for brands

Easywrite, Best Buy, Sakura, Pandayan, Papelikha and Orions while intermediate

paper from Easywrite, Best Buy (book paper), Pandayan, Papellikha and Orions

rose by P1.75 to P5, the DTI said. Best Buy and Pandayan raised the prices of

pencils by P4.50 and P1 respectively, while Maryy, Avanti and Pentel ball pens

rose by P1 to P6. Crayon brand HBW Jumbo No. 8 reduced its price by P11, the

DTI said.

However, Sterling and Colleen brands increased prices by P2 to P10 for

boxes of Regular No. 8, Regular No.16, Regular No. 24 and Jumbo 8. Orion

raised the price of its erasers by P2 and rulers by P3. Sterling rulers have also

become more expensive by P2. News are spreading enumerating the cost and

the hike of prices of school necessities, according to ABS-CBN news.

Supporting the above statement, ABS-CBN news stated that the prices of school supplies have
risen as raw material costs increase, the Department of Trade and Industry said Tuesday after
releasing its annual guide for consumers. These include notebook and pad paper brands, the DTI
said, adding the peso's weakness made imports more expensive. Consumers can save money by
buying school supplies in bundles, said Trade Undersecretary Ruth Castelo. Advance, Topline,
Best Buy, Pandayan, Papelikha, Orions, and Veco raised the prices of their composition, writing
and spiral notebooks by P1.00 to P4.00, according to the DTI. Prices of pad paper for Grades 1 to
4 increased by P0.50 to P6 for brands Easywrite, Best Buy, Sakura, Pandayan, Papelikha and
Orions while intermediate paper from Easywrite, Best Buy (book paper), Pandayan, Papellikha
and Orions rose by P1.75 to P5, the DTI said. Best Buy and Pandayan raised the prices of pencils
by P4.50 and P1 respectively, while Maryy, Avanti and Pentel ball pens rose by P1 to P6. Crayon
brand HBW Jumbo No. 8 reduced its price by P11, the DTI said. However, Sterling and Colleen
brands increased prices by P2 to P10 for boxes of Regular No. 8, Regular No.16, Regular No. 24
and Jumbo 8. Orion raised the price of its erasers by P2 and rulers by P3. Sterling rulers have also
become more expensive by P2.

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superior opportunities for learning at the primary and secondary education levels.

Thus, the material wealth of the family can in many ways assist the education of the

child. Children from extreme social groups (extreme poverty and extreme wealth)

within societies are exposed from an early age to separate and distinct patterns of

learning before their formal education begins. These patterns are progressively

reinforced as the child develops. Children whose homes provide a stimulating

environment, full of physical objects and learning materials, consistently learn more

quickly in school than children from more deprived backgrounds. The effect of

family background on school achievement is most pronounced in subjects that are

familiar or linked to parental knowledge (Lockheed;1994:74).

Besides, school education involves financial expenditure by way of fees, textbooks,

and other equipment, so a home that is able to provide these requirements is more

likely to prepare its child for school. Parents with a high socio-economic status are

expected to have a home library and purchase children's books for their children.

Before the child enters school he might have learnt a bit of English which may be

the medium of instruction at school. Such a child is therefore likely to be better

prepared for school work than a child from a low socio-economic status. Thus, the

environment in which a child from a high socio-economic status is raised can be

described as enriched, while the environment in which a child from a low socio-

economic status is raised can be referred to as disadvantaged or a deprived

environment. Hence, it can be said that while enriched environments motivate and

increase the probability of success at school deprived environments do not.

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In addition, it has been demonstrated how unfavourable home

circumstances, particularly lack of parental interest, exert a powerful influence

on children's performance and prospects. And levels of interest are closely

related to social class position. The parents who are most interested in their

children's education come predominantly from the middle class, and those who

are least interested from the manual working classes (Douglas;1964)

Again, one factor of considerable importance is the effect on school

performance of extreme poverty, whether this is due to low wages,

unemployment, a large family or the loss of a breadwinner (Banks;1972). In all

countries, children of poor families are less to enroll in school and more to drop

out than children of better-off families (Lockheed;1915). There are several ways

in which extreme poverty might be expected to exert an influence on school

performance.

Correspondingly, socioeconomic status encompasses not just income

but also educational attainment, financial security, and subjective perceptions of

social status and social class. Socioeconomic status can encompass quality of

life attributes as well as the opportunities and privileges afforded to people

within society. Poverty, specifically, is not a single factor but rather is

characterized by multiple physical and psychosocial stressors. Further, SES is a

consistent and reliable predictor of a vast array of outcomes across the life

span, including physical and psychological health. Thus, SES is relevant to all

realms of behavioral and social science, including research, practice, education

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and advocacy.

Definition of Terms

Academic. A noun that is related to education.

Achievements. A noun, things that achieve successfully related to academic field

Social Status. A rank that an individual holds in a society, there are 3 categories:

high class, middle class and low class.

Quantitative Methodologies. Researches that has an objective to measure statistical

data.

Social Motivation. A human need in order to achieve something.

Significance of the Study

This study will be important to the teachers, to know if which student will

they keep their eyes on, in means of academic field.

This study will benefit the parents, to be aware if their status affects their

child’s academic achievements, for them to know if their income is enough to

provide the educational fees.

Most importantly, this study will be a great help to the students, for them to

realize that no matter what social status you belong, education is for everyone and

everyone can achieve awards.

Statement of the Problems

This study aims to know the relationship of Academic Achievement and

Social Status of Grade 12 ABM Students in Lagro High School.

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This study will be able to answer the following research questions:

1. Demographic Profile of the Grade 12 ABM Students based on their:

 Gender

 Social Status

 School Activities

2. What are the common achievements you had?

3. What strategy to use if there is a financial problem and requirement to

submit on the same time?

4. (Optional) If you belong in a low society, what problems do you often

encounter?

Conceptual Framework

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Hypothesis

There is no relationship between Academic Achievements and Social

Status of Grade 12 ABM Students in Lagro High School.

Assumption

The two variables have no relationship as a matter of fact, no level of

social status can affect the academic achievements of a student.

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CHAPTER II

METHODOLOGY

This chapter represented research method used, sampling data,

gathering procedure and statistical treatment of data.

Research Design

This research study used quantitative design as the researchers aim to

identify the relationship of two different variables. Specifically, Descriptive Study

was used because it is also observational. Descriptive Study studies variables

of interest in a sample of subjects are assayed once and the relationships

between them are determined.

Population and Sampling

The participant in this study is a sub-group of Senior High School

students. Grade 12 ABM Students are the respondents of this research. The

total number of respondents of this study is one hundred and twenty (120)

Grade 12 ABM Students in Lagro High School. The selection includes 20

students for each section, which incorporates 6 sections in Grade 12 ABM

Strand.

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A simple random sampling is a probability sample that allows all members

in the population are possible to be the participants. This sample was selected

based on the target respondents and the objective of the study.

Data Gathering Procedure

Once the group decided what research design is going to be based on, it

is important that researchers continue to follow the systematic procedure and

start working with data collection. After deciding what data to be collected,

proceed to how to collect the data. Collecting data is according to how relevant it

can be in the study as well as its effectiveness.

A survey questionnaire will be used for collecting data or information from

the respondents. The researchers will personally distribute this instrument to

Grade 12 ABM students.

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ABSTRACT

Quantitative Approach is the excellent way to determine the

relationship of two variables. The aim of this research is to show how

Academic Achievement and Social Status are related. The scope of this study

only focuses on the relationship not the factors or effects. The participants are

expected to be 120 Grade 12 ABM Students. Descriptive Study was used to

identify relationships.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to give their warmest appreciation to the

following people who gave their significant help in finishing this research paper:

To their PARENTS, who showed undeniable support and understanding

towards the researchers in the process of creating this research paper.

To their adviser, MR. RANDOLPH CATUNGAL , who has been the ideal

research supervisor. His advice, insightful criticisms, and encouragement aided

the writing of this research.

The researchers would also like to thank their TEACHERS whose

receieved support of this paper was greatly needed and deeply appreciated.

To the ASTP of Lagro High School (Elementary Campus), DR. DENNIS

ANGELES, for his warm welcome and for allowing them to conduct the research

into their school.

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REFLECTION

The study of the Relationship between Academic Achievement and Social

Status among Grade 12 ABM has a relevant to the students of Lagro High School.

This study aim to know what is the relation of academic achievement and social

status if there is positive or negative direction of this relationship. This study really

show to me that social status is not a basis to achieve academic excellence in

school, but you need to be hardworking and perseverance in everything to be one

of the outstanding student. If you suffering from financial and family problem, then

you should take it because there are always a problem come in to our lives, but

God gave that with a purpose. Social status is only a status doesn’t define who you

are in school. This study want to open the eyes and mind of the readers that don’t

stop pursuing your dreams even you have a tough time. You should accept what is

your social status and make it inspirations to achieve your dreams in school and try

to change your it after you graduated cause social status is not hindrance to your

academic achievement.

J. K. C

The study of The Relationship Between Academic Achievement and Social

Status of Grade 12 ABM Students in Lagro High School plays an important role to

the students who believed that social status has a big impact on their

achievements. In this study, the researchers want to know if there is really a

relationship between achievement and social status of a student.

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It changed my life in a way that I realized that your social status

shouldn't a hindraance for you to achieve anything. If you are one of those in

the lower class then you should take it as a motivation to study harder to

become successful someday and if you belong to upper class,then you should

take it as an advantage to study well because you have everything you

need,you just have to use it wisely. As a result, this study will surely brings

impact to the perception of the students about the relation between social

status and academic achievements. As a conclusion, this study wants to open

the mind of the readers that they shouldn't be stop by their stand in the

society. We all have an equal rights to achieve what we want to achieve even

though we are less fortunate than other people.

L.D

The study is all about The Relationship of Academic Achievement and

Social Status. Well at first, it was hard to make a quantitative research but it

was also exciting and fun as I analyze and research more about this topic.

There is no relationship between the variables because either of the two

cannot affect each other. I realize that no matter what Social Status you

belong, when it comes to academic achievement everyone is free to have

those. Education is for everyone so is recognitions. All people have the equal

rights to have their own goals and achieve it.

A.J.E

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

https://eric.ed.gov/?q=relationship%20between%20academic

%20achievements%20and%20social%20status&id=EJ1094632

https://eric.ed.gov/?q=relationship%20between%20academic

%20achievements%20and%20social%20status&id=EJ1134207

https://eric.ed.gov/?q=relationship%20between%20academic

%20achievements%20and%20social%20status&pg=2&id=EJ1187957

https://eric.ed.gov/?q=relationship%20between%20academic

%20achievements%20and%20social%20status&pg=2&id=EJ1191523

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41539-018-0022-0

https://learning.uonbi.ac.ke/courses/TFD301/scormPackages/

path_2/8_influence_of_social_class_on_academic_performance_of_student

s.html

https://www.apa.org/pi/ses/resources/publications/education

https://classroom.synonym.com/students-social-class-affect-success-

11958.html

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REFERENCES

Characteristics of Academically-Influential Children: Achievement

Motivation and Social Status, https://eric.ed.gov/?

q=relationship+between+academic+achievements+and+social+status&id=EJ10

94632, Social Psychology of Education: An International Journal, February 29,

2014

International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education,

https://eric.ed.gov/?

q=relationship+between+academic+achievements+and+social+status&id=EJ11

34207, Academic Achievement and Perceived Peer Support among Turkish

Students: Gender and Preschool Education Impact, February 28, 2017

Social Achievement Goals and Students' Socio-Economic Status: Cross-

Cultural Validation and Gender Invariance, https://eric.ed.gov/?

q=relationship+between+academic+achievements+and+social+status&pg=2&id

=EJ1187957, Issues in Educational Research, November 30, 2017

Qualitative Insights into the Relationship between Socioeconomic Status

and Students' Academic Achievement Goals, https://eric.ed.gov/?

q=relationship+between+academic+achievements+and+social+status&pg=2&id

=EJ1191523, Social Psychology of Education: An International Journal, August

21, 2018

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Abstract……………………………………………………………………….i

Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………ii

Reflection………………………………………………………………….…iii

CHAPTER I

Background of the Study…………………………………….……..1

Review of Related Literature…………………………………….….2

Definition of Terms…………………………………………………..8

Significance of the Study………………………………………..…..8

Statement of the Problem…………………………………………...8

Conceptual Framework……………………………………………..9

Hypothesis……………………………………………………………10

Assumption…………………………………………………………...10

CHAPTER II

Research Design…………………………………………………….11

Population and Sampling……………………………………………11

Data Gathering Procedure…………………………………………..12

Bibliography……………………………………………………………………13

References……………………………………………………………………..14
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REFERENCES

Achievement at school and socioeconomic background-an educational

perspective, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41539-018-0022-0, Nature News,

March 23, 2018

Definition of social class,

https://learning.uonbi.ac.ke/courses/TFD301/scormPackages/path_2/8_influenc

e_of_social_class_on_academic_performance_of_students.html, eXe

American Psychological Association,

https://www.apa.org/pi/ses/resources/publications/education

Does a Student's Social Class Affect Their Success?,

https://classroom.synonym.com/students-social-class-affect-success-

11958.html, Synonym, September 25, 2017

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