Substance

PRESENTED BY
GROUP 4
Abuse and
Depression

ATENEO DE ZAMBOANGA
UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF
NURSING | RLE GROUP 3 -
WEEK 5 - 6
 Meet The Group

ALIZA BAKIL JERICHO GO SHERHAINA ALIH

Substance Abuse
SUBSTANCE ADDICTION IS MEDICALLY
TERMED AS THE FOLLOWING:

1. SUBSTANCE (DRUG) ABUSE (ALCOHOL

OR OTHER DRUGS) The Condition
A medical term to drug addiction which involves a Substance Abuse/Dependence
patterned usage of drugs that causes significant
problems or distress to the body. Substance abuse is
also recognized as a medical brain disorder which
refers to the misuse of illegal substances (drugs) such
as; marijuana, heroin, cocaine, etc. It may also be of
legal substances (drugs) such as; alcohol, nicotine,
etc. Alcohol is the most common type of substance
abuse that is being misused by different age groups of
people.
In other words, being addicted to narcotic drugs may
it be legal or not which causes significant negative
effects to the body is considered substance abuse.
 SUBSTANCE ADDICTION IS MEDICALLY
TERMED AS THE FOLLOWING:
2. SUBSTANCE (DRUG) ABUSE (ALCOHOL
OR OTHER DRUGS)

The Condition A medical term to drug overreliance which continues even

when significant health problems are already occurring.
In other words, relying on narcotic drugs for a temporary
Substance Abuse/Dependence relief of illness despite significant health damages.

Signs of Drug Dependence

Tolerance to or need for increased amounts of the
drug to get an effect (John Hopkins, n.d.).
Withdrawal symptoms that happen if you decrease or
stop using the drug that you find difficult to cut down
or quit (John Hopkins, n.d.)
Spending a lot of time to get, use, and recover from
the effects of using drugs (John Hopkins, n.d.)
Withdrawal from social and recreational activities
(John Hopkins, n.d.)
Continued use of the drug even though you are
aware of the physical, psychological, and family or
social problems that are caused by your ongoing
drug abuse (John Hopkins, n.d.)
 Most Commonly Abused
Substances
Alcohol Methamphetamine Opiates

Marijuana Cocaine Hallucinogens

Prescription medicines Nicotine Inhalants

(pain pills, stimulants,
or anxiety pills) Tobacco
 Common Causes of Drug
Abuse and Dependence
Cultural Factors Genetic Vulnerability Individual Personality
Characteristics
Societal Factors Environmental Stressors
Psychiatric Problems
Social Pressures
 Using or drinking larger amounts of alcohol or over
longer periods of time than planned.
Continually wanting or unsuccessfully trying to cut down
or control the use of drugs or alcohol.
Craving, or a strong desire to use drugs or alcohol.

Symptoms of Ongoing drug or alcohol use that interferes with work,

school, or home duties.
Using drugs or alcohol even with continued relationship

Drug Abuse problems caused by use.

Giving up or reducing activities because of drug or
alcohol use

and
Taking risks, such as sexual risks or driving under the
influence.
Continually using drugs or alcohol even though it is
causing or adding to physical or psychological problems.

Dependence Developing tolerance or the need to use more drugs or

alcohol to get the same effect. Or using the same amount
of drugs or alcohol, but without the same effect.
Having withdrawal symptoms if not using drugs or
alcohol. Or using alcohol or another drug to avoid such
symptoms.
 Diagnosing a
Drug Abuse or Weight loss
Constant fatigue
Dependency Red eyes
Little concern for hygiene
A family doctor, psychiatrist, or Lab abnormalities
qualified mental health
professional usually diagnoses
substance abuse. Clinical
findings often depend on the
substance abused, the Unexpected abnormalities in
frequency of use, and the heart rate and blood pressure
length of time since last used, Depression
and may include: Anxiety
Sleep problems
SPECIFIC TREATMENT FOR DRUG ABUSE OR
DEPENDENCE WILL BE DETERMINED BY
YOUR DOCTOR BASED ON:

Your age, overall health, and health Treatment for

history
Extent of the symptoms Drug Abuse and
Extent of the dependence
Type of substance abused Dependency
Your tolerance for specific medicines,
procedures, or therapies
Expectations for the course of the
condition
Your opinion or preference

Detoxification Therapy
Long-term follow-up Management
Individual and Family Psychotherapy
Depression
The
Depression is a clinically diagnosed illness which
affects a person’s mental health connecting to
their physiological anatomy. This involves a

Condition: person's mood, thoughts, and the body in

general with the chemical exchanges happening

Depression
inside the body (stress hormones).

Depression is not just merely the feeling of

being sad or unhappy out of the blue,
destruction of personal belongings (bags,
shoes) etc.
Depression is neither a choice or way of
thinking.
 Different Forms of
Depression
just like many other illnesses. Three of the most common types of depressive
disorders include:

Major Depression Dysthymia Bipolar Disorder

What
Experts think that:
Think that depression occurs from
chemical imbalances in the brain.

causes Also think that, there are multiple

factors involved in depression, such as;

depression?
Environmental
Psychological
Biological
Genetic Factors

Family History Woman = More susceptible

People who have a family history Women tend to be more susceptible to
of depression, tend to be more depression due to many hormonal factors:
susceptible. But, genetics have Menstrual Cycle Changes
yet to be linked with the disorder. Pregnancy
Miscarriage
Postpartum Period
Menopause

What are the
symptoms of
depression?
The following are the most common
symptoms of depression. However, each
person may experience symptoms
differently. Symptoms may include:
Lasting sad, anxious, or “empty” mood
Weight and/or appetite changes due to eating too
much or eating too little
Changes in sleeping patterns, such as fitful sleep,
inability to sleep, early morning awakening, or
sleeping too much
Loss of interest and pleasure in activities formerly
enjoyed, including sex
Increased restlessness and/or irritability
Decreased energy, fatigue, being "slowed down"
Feeling of worthless and/or helpless
Lasting feelings of hopelessness
Feelings of inappropriate guilt
Not being able to concentrate, think, and/or
make decisions
Frequent thoughts of death or suicide, wishing to
die, or attempting suicide (Note: People with this
symptom should get treatment right away!)
Physical symptoms, such as headaches, digestive
problems, and/or chronic pain that don’t get
better with treatment
Clinical Visit
A DIAGNOSIS IS MADE AFTER A CAREFUL
PSYCHIATRIC EXAM AND MEDICAL HISTORY
DONE BY A PSYCHIATRIST OR OTHER How is
Depression
MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONAL.

Related factors...
DEPRESSION OFTEN HAPPENS ALONG WITH
OTHER MEDICAL PROBLEMS, SUCH AS HEART Diagnosed
?
DISEASE, CANCER, OR DIABETES. IT CAN ALSO
HAPPEN WITH OTHER PSYCHIATRIC
DISORDERS, SUCH AS SUBSTANCE ABUSE OR
ANXIETY DISORDERS. GETTING AN EARLY
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT IS CRUCIAL TO
RECOVERY.
Treatment for Depression
Generally, based on the outcome of evaluations, treatment of depressive
disorders may include one or a combination of the following:

Medication Psychotherapy Electroconvulsive

therapy (ECT)
 What can you do?
You can also do things to help yourself. Depressive disorders can make you feel exhausted, worthless,
helpless, and hopeless. Such negative thoughts and feelings may make you feel like giving up. It is
important to realize that these negative views are part of the depression and typically do not accurately
reflect the actual circumstances. Negative thinking fades as treatment begins to take effect. In the
meantime, if you think you have depression, consider the following:

1.Get help 4. Try to be with other people

and confide in someone
2. Set realistic goals in light of
the depression 5. Do things that make you feel
better. Going to a movie,
gardening, or taking part in
3. Break large tasks into small religious, social, or other activities
ones and set priorities may help.
6. Get regular exercise.
7. Expect your mood to get
better slowly, not right away.
Feeling better takes time.
8. Eat healthy, well-balanced
meals.
9. Stay away from alcohol and
drugs, which can make
depression worse.
10. It is best to put off important
decisions until the depression has
lifted.
11. Remember, people rarely just
“snap out of” a depression.
12. Try to be patient and focus on
the positives.
13. Let your family and friends
help you.
Seek for
help:
National Center for Mental Health
Crisis Hotline: 0917-899-8727 (Globe)

Hopeline Philippines: 0917-558-4673

(Globe), 0918-873-4673 (Smart), 02-
8804-4673 (PLDT), 2917 (toll free for
Globe and TM)
 References
John Hopkins Medicine. (n.d.). “Substance Abuse / Chemical Dependency”.
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/substance-
abuse-chemical-dependency
John Hopkins Medicine. (n.d.). “Depression”.
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/depression
 Do you have any
questions of us?

Thank
You