Pombo, Nadine Rose C.

40191
Building Technology LEC

16 DIVISIONS

Projects are frequently divided into multiple divisions or categories in the construction
operations in order to more effectively organize and manage various components of the
construction process. The significance of the 16 divisions of construction can be found in their
function in project stakeholders, including architects, engineers, contractors, and subcontractors,
in coordinating, managing, and enabling communication throughout the construction process.
They help construction projects get done successfully by enhancing communication, streamlining
procedures, and improving quality control.

(1) General Requirements- this section contains a wide range of general facts,
specifications, and rules that apply to the entire project. It acts as the building block for
the entire construction project, establishing its overall mood and standards. It also
assists in ensuring that all parties involved have a comprehensive understanding of
important project-related information, guidelines, and procedures to guarantee that the
project is carried out effectively, safely, and in accordance with all pertinent laws and
standards.

Examples: Project Overview, Permits and Approvals, Quality Control and Assurance, Site
Access and Security, Safety and Health, Environmental Considerations, Insurance and
Liability, Payment and Financial Terms, etc.

(2) Site Work- refers to the initial part of a building project, which entails setting up the site
before actual building or vertical construction may start. The numerous duties and
activities that make up site work are essential for establishing a proper and secure
environment for the building. It establishes the foundation for safe, effective, and
compliant construction, and its meticulous planning and execution greatly contribute to
the general success and durability of a construction project.

Examples: Clearing and Demolition, Grading and Earthwork, Site Drainage, Erosion
Control, Site Access and Roads, Environmental Mitigation, etc.

(3) Concrete- is a crucial building component that is essential to many different types of
construction. It focuses especially on all aspects of concrete, including its procurement,
placing, and finishing, which includes concrete mixes, formwork, reinforcing components
such as rebar, curing, and testing.

Examples: walls and partitions, as well as slabs for the groundwork and flooring, columns,
and beams.
(4) Masonry- is highly flexible and may be used in a variety of construction elements, from
ornamental and functional parts in landscaping and furniture to structural components in
structures. It entails using a variety of components to build walls, partitions, and
architectural features, such as bricks, concrete blocks, stone, or clay tiles
which contributes to the structural integrity and aesthetic attractiveness of construction
projects.

Examples: mortar, brickwork, blockwork, stone masonry, and associated materials.

(5) Metals- refers to a wide variety of metallic products, parts, and systems utilized by many
industries for equipment, coatings, and structural support in building projects. These
metals help make structures and infrastructure more durable, functional, and stable.

Examples: structural steel, metal framing, metal fabrications, and metal materials used in
structural components, finishes, equipment supports, and various architectural and
functional elements.

(6) Wood, Plastics and Composites- refer to products, parts, and systems used in building
projects that include wood, plastic, or composite materials. They are utilized by numerous
departments of construction projects for structural, architectural, finishing, and
furnishing purposes.

Examples: wood decking, plastic and composite lumber, as well as related elements.

(7) Thermal and Moisture Protection- refers to the grouping of products, programs, and
parts intended to manage and regulate temperature, heat flow, and moisture inside a
structure. This department is essential to preserving a structure's strength, durability, and
energy efficiency.

Examples: Roofing, waterproofing, insulation, and sealants that provide thermal and
moisture protection.

(8) Doors and Windows- refer to the parts and programs that give building access, security,
daylight, ventilation, and visual linkages. These components are essential to a structure's
general functionality, safety, and aesthetic appeal.

Examples: windows with particular glazing kinds for energy efficiency and safety; a variety
of doors, including sliding glass doors, overhead garage doors, and revolving doors.

(9) Finishes- includes a wide variety of substances and processes used on components and
surfaces to accomplish a range of goals, including as protection, aesthetics, functionality,
and durability. These finishes help a building's overall design and functionality.
 Examples: paint, wallpaper, decorative wall panels, epoxy coatings, carpet, hardwood,
and tile.

(10) Specialties- refer to the area of construction that includes a broad range of specialized
tools, supplies, and equipment utilized for certain tasks or goals. These talents add to a
building's distinctiveness and functionality and frequently call for specific installation and
integration skills.

Examples: Uniquely constructed or designed bathroom walls, wayfinding systems, and

custom signage.

(11) Equipment- refers to the section of a construction project that contains the numerous
mechanical, electrical, and special equipment systems, components, and devices. These
tools might be anything from large machines used for construction site operations to
specialized tools for particular building systems and tasks.

Examples: Vertical transportation elevators and escalators, as well as HVAC systems with
chillers, boilers, and air handling units.

(12) Furnishings- includes a broad range of fixtures, furnishings, and components that are
placed or used to finish a building or structure and provide it functionality, comfort, and
aesthetic appeal. It consists of all the things and elements that enhance the interior and
outdoor spaces of a structure in terms of utility, comfort, and aesthetic value.

Examples: Office desks and chairs, Exterior wall-mounted lights for building illumination,
Roller shades, Laminated flooring, Wood paneling, Door handles and knobs.

(13) Special Construction- comprises a wide range of components and devices that improve
functionality, provide certain functions, or offer specialized services inside a structure. It
also includes building work for specialized systems, parts, and features that are not part
of a building's basic structural and architectural components.

Examples: Sound and Vibration Control Systems, Fire Suppression Systems, Renewable
Energy Installations, Specialized Elevators and Conveying Systems, Water Features, etc.

(14) Conveying Equipment- includes all aspects of designing, installing, and maintaining the
numerous systems and pieces of machinery that are used to move people, things, or
materials up, down, or on an inclined plane inside a building or structure. In a variety of
building types, conveying equipment is essential for effective transportation and
logistics.

Examples: Hoists and Cranes, Passenger Elevators, Escalators, Conveyor Belts, Aerial
Work Platforms, Automated Guided Vehicles, etc.
(15) Mechanical- is essential to establishing indoor spaces that are comfortable, useful, and
secure in residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional structures. These systems
are crucial parts of construction projects since they provide services like temperature
control, water delivery, sanitary maintenance, and fire protection, among others.
Examples: Installation of a centralized heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC)
system, plumbing systems, fire sprinkler system, specialized piping systems, Elevators
and Lifts, natural gas system, etc.

(16) Electrical- is crucial for designing secure, well-lit, and cutting-edge building
environments. Electrical systems serve a variety of purposes, from supplying energy to
gadgets and appliances to protecting building occupants.

Examples: Installation of electrical panels, circuit breakers, transformers, energy-

efficient LED lighting fixtures, electrical wiring data cabling, Telecommunications and
Data Systems, Fire Alarm Systems, etc.