CASE PRESENTATION

Urinary Tract Infection

Presented by:
Addah, Dhenaraiza H.
Mohammad, Nefritery S.
Mohammad, Nefridery S.
Oroc, Dominic
 Scenario

A 16-year-old girl named Sandara visited the hospital with

an elevated temperature of 38.5 and complained of
discomfort while urinating. Upon examination, she was
diagnosed with urinary tract infection.
 What is Urinary Tract
Infection?
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection
in any part of the urinary system. The
urinary system includes the kidneys, ureters,
bladder and urethra. Most infections involve
the lower urinary tract — the bladder and
the urethra.
 Organ Affected in UTI
The urinary tract makes and stores urine, one of the body's liquid waste
products. The urinary tract includes the following parts:

Kidneys: These small organs are located on back of your body,

just above the hips. They are the filters of your body —
removing waste and water from your blood. This waste
becomes urine.
Ureters: The ureters are thin tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to
your bladder.
Bladder: A sac-like container, the bladder stores your urine before it
leaves the body.
Urethra: This tube carries the urine from your bladder to the outside
of the body.
 Pathophysiology
Urinary tract infections are caused by bacterium
that invade the urinary epithelium cells causing
irritation and inflammation of these cells. The
infection can start in the urethra and can
progress its way up to the bladder, ureters, or
kidney.
 Clinical Manifestations

Burning on urination.
The patient voids more than the usual every 3 hours.
Nocturia.
Awakening at night to urinate is also a sign of UTI.
Suprapubic or pelvic pain.
There is also a feeling that the patient would not be
able to contain the urge anymore and would rush just
to excrete it
 Nursing Management
Assist with physical examination (e.g. palpation for bladder retention or
masses, prostate size, and observation for urethral struture).
• Investigate reports of pain, noting location, duration, intensity; presence of
bladder spasms; or back or flank pain to assist in differentiating between
bladder and kidney as cause of dysfunction.
Note reports of exacerbations and spontaneous remissions of symptoms of
urgency and frequency, which may or may not be accompanied by pain,
pressure, or spasm.
Determine the client's usual daily fluid intake (both amount and beverage
choices, use of caffeine).
Administer analgesics as ordered.
 Medical Management

You will need to treat a urinary tract infection. Antibiotics are

medicines that kill bacteria and fight an infection. Antibiotics
are typically used to treat urinary tract infections. Your
healthcare provider will pick a drug that best treats the
particular bacteria that’s causing your infection. Some
commonly used antibiotics can include:
Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Bactrim DS)
Fosfomycin (Monurol) Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin, Macrobid,
Furadantin) Cephalexin Ceftriaxone
 Reference

Nurse's Pocket Guide: Diagnoses, Prioritized

Interventions, and Rationales Sixteenth Edition
by Marilynn E. Doenges APRN BC (Author), Mary
Frances Moorhouse RN MSN CRRN (Author), Alice
C. Murr BSN RN (Author)
Question
Time