Nutrition and Diet Therapy

A patient who has COPD will have difficulty breathing and the slightest activities can cause
shortness of breath. Therefore, the patient would need something that is very easy to eat and
requires minimal chewing.

Cherries, Radishes, and Watermelon are gas causing foods and should be decreased in
consummation if a patient is experiencing excess gas.

Patient’s with Addison disease secrete too much potassium so they need to be on a low
potassium diet.

Lacto-ovo vegetarian diets are a specific type of vegetarian diet that avoids meat, fish and
poultry, but includes moderate amounts of dairy products and/or eggs.

Patients who are receiving dialysis have renal disease and therefore should follow a sodium
restricted diet.

Spironolactone is known as a potassium-sparing diuretic medication (meaning it keeps

potassium) therefore a patient would need to watch how much potassium they eat. Bananas
are high in potassium.

Coumadin prevents clotting of the blood. Due to the high amount of vitamin k (vitamin k plays a
role in clotting) in green leafy vegetable, these foods should be limited.

Normal potassium levels are 3.5-5.0. Therefore, a potassium level of 6.0 is considered high so
the patient should avoid foods high in potassium. In this case, raisins are the highest in
potassium.

A patient with a stage 4 pressure ulcer needs a high protein diet to promote wound healing.
Dried beans, eggs, and meats are the highest protein foods of the selection.
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that is crucial for maintaining healthy vision, supporting the
immune system, and promoting growth and development.

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, plays a crucial role in the absorption of iron, a mineral
necessary for the production of red blood cells.

Vitamin D is crucial for the body's absorption of calcium and phosphate, minerals that are
essential for the development and maintenance of healthy bones.

Vitamin K plays a crucial role in the body's ability to form blood clots, which are necessary to
prevent excessive bleeding.

VITAMIN B COMPLEX

Vitamin B12 is also known as Cyanocobalamin. This water-soluble vitamin plays a crucial role in
the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system, and for the formation of blood. It is
involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body, particularly affecting DNA synthesis
and regulation, as well as fatty acid and amino acid metabolism.

Vitamin B1 is also known as thiamine. It plays a crucial role in the body's ability to metabolize
carbohydrates into energy and is essential for the proper functioning of the heart, muscles, and
nervous system.

Riboflavin is another name for Vitamin B2. It is important for body growth and red blood cell
production and helps in releasing energy from carbohydrates.

Niacin is another name for Vitamin B3. It helps maintain healthy skin and nerves. It also has
cholesterol-lowering effects.

Pantothenic Acid is another name for Vitamin B5. It is essential for the metabolism of food and
also plays a role in the production of hormones and cholesterol.

Pyridoxine is another name for Vitamin B6. It's involved in the creation of neurotransmitters,
which are chemicals that transmit signals in the brain.
- Mood regulator