7.

0 PROCEDURE DETAILS

7.1 Temporary operation or obstruction, such as expressway construction,

maintenance operation, accident and breakdown vehicles, represent unusual
carriageway condition and warrant special attention. The expressway users are to
be informed of these unusual carriageway conditions or danger by means of
temporary signing. It is important that the signs used conform to the situation and
are placed in the proper position so that the message is effectively conveyed to
the users. It is the objective of this manual to provide proper guidelines to achieve
accurate and proper usage. This Procedure shall be read together with the
Working Instruction for Temporary Signing & Safe Work Zone, Parking of
Working Vehicle and Attending Emergency & Planned Work by Utilising
Shadow Vehicles (TSD/WI/001).

7.2 Procedure Requirement

7.2.1 General considerations for temporary signing

Temporary signing depends on various factors such as:
i. which lane(s) is closed
ii. duration of obstruction
iii. period of closure, normal or peak hours iv.
geometry of the expressway
iv. other criteria such as location of the obstacle in
relations to highway geometry and visibility.
7.2.2 Principles on the temporary signing
i. Principle of Adaptation
The temporary signs shall be placed so that the customers will have
adequate time to respond.
The factors to be taken into consideration in adopting and placing
the signs for a particular situation are:
a. Geometry and the cross section of the expressway

• width of paved shoulder (emergency lane)

• provision of climbing lane (if any)
• presence of guardrail
• at bend/curve
b. Visibility

• blocked by bridge piers, landscaping plants etc.

• weather condition such as heavy rain, fog, etc.
• traffic condition, big vehicles, etc.
 Example of the Application
For obstruction at horizontal curves, the cones or signboards need
to be placed further back than that is normally required. The length
of the cones to be extended will depend on the sight distance and
the visibility of the expressway. The required sight distance for the
speed of 110 km/h is 200 meters.

ii. Principle of Coherence

It may often be found that temporary signboards are placed near
existing signs. In such a case, one must be cautious that the
temporary signs placed do not contradict with existing permanent
signs. If it does, the permanent sign(s) shall be removed or
covered.
iii. Principle of Accuracy
The signs that are chosen must be appropriate and must accurately
describe the activities happening on the expressway such as
accident or works or moving works. a. Moving Works
It must be ensured that the signs set up at the beginning of a
moving work must be moved as the work progresses. All
precautions must be taken to ensure that no customers is left
wondering on what the closure is for. As a guide, a lane
closure must not be more than 2 km ahead of work being
performed.

b. Speed limit
The speed limit sign placed must match the condition of the
closure. If it is safe to drive at a speed of 80 km/h, it is not
appropriate to place a 60 km/hr sign or vice-versa.

c. If There is No Work, There Must Be No Signs

It is very important for customers to trust in our temporary
signages. Hence, under no circumstances should they be
used unnecessarily.

iv. Principle of Positioning the Signs

The temporary signs shall be placed in a manner for the message
to be most effectively conveyed to the customers. Nothing is
achieved if the customers cannot respond nor have the time to read
while travelling at the speed limit. To ensure that the signs are
understood by the customers, the following principles must be
applied:
a. Do not have more than two signboards side by side at one location.
b. The temporary signboards must be placed in such a manner that
the customers can see them i.e. not obstructed by landscaping
plants, blinded by curve, etc.
 c. During peak hours or heavy traffic or on a 3-lane expressway, it is
required to have another set of signs in the median.

d. The temporary signboards must be in good condition with reflective

type sign face before installation.

e. The cones used must be in good condition and must come with
approved reflective strips on it. Only good cones are to be used on
the taper.

7.2.3 Safety rules

It is our duty to provide temporary signing for the safety of customers. The
following safety rules must be applied except for emergency:
- Any closure of the carriageway must be done successively except for
emergency. See example on sketch on as shown below:

a) Two
Two-lane carriageway -–mandatory
-lane carriageway mandatory exit
exit INTERCHANGE
EXIT
Note : Taper should not be placed near a slip road. Note:

Do not use vehicle to protect the accident or lane closure. Signage must be placed accordingly
7.2.4 Definition of traffic zones
When traffic is affected by construction, maintenance, or emergency
operations, traffic control is needed to safely guide and protect motorists,
pedestrians, and workers in a "traffic control zone". The traffic control
zone is the distance between the first advance warning sign and the point
beyond the work zone where traffic is no longer affected.

Most traffic control zones can be divided into these specific parts as shown in
Attachment A:
• Advance Warning Zone
• Transition Zone
• Buffer Zone
• Work Zone
• Termination Zone

i. Advance Warning Zone

An advance warning zone is necessary for all traffic zones because
drivers need to know what to expect. Before reaching the work zone,
drivers should have enough time to alter their driving patterns. The
advance warning zone may vary from a series of signs starting 600
meter in advance of the work zone to a single sign or flashing lights
on a vehicle.
The advance warning zone, from the first sign to the start of the
next zone, should be long enough to give the motorists adequate
time to respond to the conditions. For most operations, the length
should be 600 meters.

ii. Transition Zone

When work is performed within one or more travelled lanes, a lane
closure(s) is required. In the transition zone, traffic is channelled
from the normal expressway lanes to the path required to move
traffic around the work zone. The transition zone contains the tapers
that are used to close lanes.
 The transition zone should be obvious to drivers. The correct path
should be clearly marked with cones and arrow signboard or
chevron so that driver will not make a mistake following the path.
For moving operations, the transition zone moves with the work
zone. A shadow vehicle may be used to warn and guide traffic into
the proper lane.
Tapering Length
The length of taper used to close a lane varies from 50 to 250 meters
as set out in this procedure/ LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan
Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua. If restricted sight
distance, such as sharp bend or horizontal curves, becomes a
problem and would cause obstruction, the taper should begin well
in advanced. The length of taper shall then depend on the sight
distance and the visibility.

iii. Buffer Zone

The buffer zone is the open or unoccupied space between the
transition and work zone. For a moving operation, the buffer zone
is the space between the safety vehicle, if one is used, and the work
vehicle.
The buffer zone provides a margin of safety for both traffic and
workers. If a driver does not see the advance warning or fails to
negotiate the transition, a buffer zone provides room to stop before
the work zone. It is important for the buffer zone to be free of
equipment, workers, materials, and workers' vehicles. The typical
layouts for buffer zone and taper are shown in Attachment B.

iv. Work Zone

The work zone is the portion of the carriageway that contains the
work activity and is closed to traffic with construction materials.
Work zone may remain in fixed locations or may move as work
progresses. An empty buffer zone may be included at the upstream
end. The work zone is delineated by channelling devices (cones) to
exclude traffic and pedestrians.
 Conflict or potential hazards between traffic and the work activity
increases when:
a. The work zone is closer to the travelled lanes;

b. Physical deterrents to normal operation exist, such as uneven

pavements, loading or unloading (construction) vehicles;

c. Speed and volume of traffic increases; and

d. Travel pattern changes and/or gets more complex e.g. traffic

needs to be shifted across the median and into lanes normally
used by opposing traffic.
Overnight work zones have a greater need for delineation than day time
operations.

v. Termination Zone
The termination zone will provide a short distance, for traffic to
clear from the work zone before joining the normal traffic lanes. It
extends from the downstream end of the work zone to the signboard,
indicating end of work or speed limit.

7.2.5 Arrangement of Temporary Signing

i. The samples of temporary lane closure are shown in

Attachment C, D, E, F, G, H and I.

ii. The sample of temporary signage are shown in Attachment J.

iii. The details of temporary lane closure are referred to

LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan
Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua.
 ATTACHMENT A

Traffic Control Zone

ATTACHMENT B
 ATTACHMENT C

Sample of Traffic Management

for Planned Work

DUAL – TWO LANES

 ATTACHMENT C1

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT C2

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT C3

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT C4

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT C5

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT C6

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT C7

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT C8

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT C9

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT D

Sample of Traffic Management

for Planned Work

DUAL – THREE LANES

 ATTACHMENT D1

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT D2

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT D3

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT D4

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT D5

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT D6

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT D7

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT D8

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT D9

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT D10

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT E

Sample of Traffic Management

for Planned Work

DUAL – FOURTH LANES

 ATTACHMENT E1

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT E2

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT E3

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT E4

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT E5

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT E6

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT E7

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT E8

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT E9

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT E10

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT E11

Source: LLM/GP/T6-16: Garis Panduan Perlaksanaan Pengurusan Trafik, Edisi Kedua

 ATTACHMENT F

Parking of Construction
Machinery at

Emergency Lane
 ATTACHMENT F1

Parking of Construction Machinery at Emergency Lane

 ATTACHMENT G

Sample of Traffic Management

for Emergency Work
 ATTACHMENT G1

Sample of Traffic Management for Emergency Work

 ATTACHMENT G2

Sample of Traffic Management for Emergency Work

 ATTACHMENT G3

Sample of Traffic Management for Emergency Work

 ATTACHMENT G4

Sample of Traffic Management for Emergency Work

 ATTACHMENT G5

Sample of Traffic Management for Emergency Work

 ATTACHMENT G6

Sample of Traffic Management for Emergency Work

 ATTACHMENT G7

Sample of Traffic Management for Emergency Work

 ATTACHMENT G8

Sample of Traffic Management for Emergency Work

 ATTACHMENT H

Sample of Traffic management

for Mobile Work
Sample of Traffic Management for Mobile Work
ATTACHMENT H1
Sample of Traffic Management for Mobile Work
ATTACHMENT H2

rk
Sample of Traffic Management for Mobile Work
ATTACHMENT H5
Sample of Traffic Management for Mobile Work
ATTACHMENT H6
 ATTACHMENT J

ATTACHMENT J

Sample of Temporary Signage

 ATTACHMENT J1

TYPE 1 : ROAD WORKS SIGN (600 M AHEAD)

SPECIFICATION:

1. SIZE 1220 mm X 1220 mm.

2. SIGN FACE : APPROVED 3M

DIAMOND GRADE
FLUORESCENT ORANGE
REFLECTIVE SHEETING HIP
GRADE SHEETINGS.
(3M OR EQUIVALENT)

3. LETTERING USING
APPROVED MATERIAL
(SCOTHCAL 3650 OR
COMPARABLE).

4. LETTERING TYPE EHC

SERIES II (NARROW)

TYPE 2 : ROAD WORKS SIGN (400 M AHEAD)

SPECIFICATION:

1. SIZE 1220 mm X 1220 mm.

2. SIGN FACE : APPROVED 3M

DIAMOND GRADE
FLUORESCENT ORANGE
REFLECTIVE SHEETING HIP
GRADE SHEETINGS.
(3M OR EQUIVALENT)

3. LETTERING USING
APPROVED MATERIAL
(SCOTHCAL 3650 OR
COMPARABLE).

4. LETTERING TYPE EHC

SERIES II (NARROW)
 ATTACHMENT J2

TYPE 3 : ROAD WORKS SIGN (300 M AHEAD)

SPECIFICATION:

1. SIZE 1220 mm X 1220 mm.

2. SIGN FACE : APPROVED 3M

DIAMOND GRADE
FLUORESCENT ORANGE
REFLECTIVE SHEETING HIP
GRADE SHEETINGS.
(3M OR EQUIVALENT)

3. LETTERING USING
APPROVED MATERIAL
(SCOTHCAL 3650 OR
COMPARABLE).

4. LETTERING TYPE EHC

SERIES II (NARROW)

TYPE 4 : ROAD WORKS SIGN (GENERAL)

SPECIFICATION:

1. SIZE 1220 mm X 1220 mm.

2. SIGN FACE : APPROVED 3M

DIAMOND GRADE
FLUORESCENT ORANGE
REFLECTIVE SHEETING HIP
GRADE SHEETINGS.
(3M OR EQUIVALENT)

3. LETTERING USING
APPROVED MATERIAL
(SCOTHCAL 3650 OR
COMPARABLE).

4. LETTERING TYPE EHC

SERIES II (NARROW)
 ATTACHMENT J3

TYPE 5 : DANGER SIGN (200 M AHEAD)

SPECIFICATION:

1. SIZE 1220 mm X 1220 mm.

2. SIGN FACE : APPROVED 3M

DIAMOND GRADE
FLUORESCENT ORANGE
REFLECTIVE SHEETING HIP
GRADE SHEETINGS.
(3M OR EQUIVALENT)

3. LETTERING USING
APPROVED MATERIAL
(SCOTHCAL 3650 OR
COMPARABLE).

4. LETTERING TYPE EHC

SERIES II (NARROW)

TYPE 6 : DANGER SIGN (300 M AHEAD)

 ATTACHMENT J4

TYPE 7 : DANGER SIGN (400 M AHEAD)

TYPE 8 : DANGER SIGN (600 M AHEAD)

 ATTACHMENT J5

TYPE 8A : DANGER SIGN (800 M AHEAD)

TYPE 9 : SPEED LIMIT SIGN (80 km/j)

 ATTACHMENT J6

TYPE 10 : SPEED LIMIT SIGN (60 km/j)

TYPE 11 : SPEED LIMIT SIGN (50 km/j)

 ATTACHMENT J7

TYPE 12 : SPEED LIMIT SIGN (30 km/j)

TYPE 13 : LEFT/ RIGHT LANE CLOSURE (400 M AHEAD) - REVERSIBLE TYPE

 ATTACHMENT J8

TYPE 14 : RIGHT LANE CLOSURE (400 M AHEAD)

TYPE 15 : LEFT LANE CLOSURE (400 M AHEAD)

 ATTACHMENT J9

TYPE 16 : LEFT/ RIGHT LANE CLOSURE (200 M AHEAD) - REVERSIBLE TYPE

TYPE 17 : RIGHT LANE CLOSURE (200 M AHEAD)

 TYPE 18 : LEFT LANE CLOSURE (200 M AHEAD)

TYPE 19 : LEFT/ RIGHT LANE CLOSURE (100 M AHEAD) - REVERSIBLE TYPE

TYPE 20 : SLOW/ FAST LANE CLOSURE (3 LANES) - 400 M AHEAD (REVERSIBLE TYPE)

TYPE 21 : FAST LANE CLOSURE (3 LANES) – 400 M AHEAD

 TYPE 22 : SLOW LANE CLOSURE (3 LANES) – 400 M AHEAD

TYPE 23 : SLOW/ FAST LANE CLOSURE (3 LANES) – 200 M AHEAD

TYPE 24 : FAST LANE CLOSURE (3 LANES) – 200 M AHEAD

TYPE 25 : SLOW LANE CLOSURE (3 LANES) – 200 M AHEAD

TYPE 26 : SLOW/ FAST AND MIDDLE LANE CLOSURE (3 LANES) – 200 M AHEAD

TYPE 27 : NO OVERTAKING SIGN

TYPE 28 : KEEP RIGHT/ LEFT SIGN

TYPE 29 : KEEP LEFT SIGN

 TYPE 30 : KEEP RIGHT SIGN

TYPE 31 : DIVERSION SIGN (200 M AHEAD)

TYPE 32 : DIVERSION SIGN – DUAL LANE -LEFT TO RIGHT (200 M AHEAD)

TYPE 33 : TWO WAY TRAFFIC SIGN

TYPE 34 : ONE AND TWO WAY TRAFFIC SIGN (3 LANES)

TYPE 35 : TWO AND ONE WAY TRAFFIC SIGN (3 LANES)

TYPE 36 : DIVERSION SIGN - SINGLE LANE–RIGHT TO LEFT (100 M AHEAD)

TYPE 37 : DIVERSION SIGN – DUAL LANE–RIGHT TO LEFT (100 M AHEAD)

TYPE 38 : END OF SPEED LIMIT