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Useful Effect of Baking Soda and Vinegar as an

Alternative Fire Extinguisher

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Research 9

of Science Technology and Engineering

(STE)

Researched by:

Jayzelle Jaen B. Rendon.

Scent Trish E. Descalsota

Jewel Reine A. Dellona

Dulce C. Dela Cruz

Julie Anne V. Balicao

John Renz M. Lachica

June 2023
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Content

Page

TITLE PAGE……………………………………………………………………………………………. 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………………………………….. 2

Chapter:

I. INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………………. 3

Background of the Study……………………………………………………………... 3

Statement of the Problem…………………………………………………………….. 3

Hypothesis……………………………………………………………………………... 4

Conceptual Framework……………………………………………………………….. 4

Significance of the Study……………………………………………………………… 5

Scope and Delimitations……………………………………………………………… 5

Definition of Terms…………………………………………………………………….. 5

I. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE……………………………………………………… 6

II. METHODOLOGY……………………………………………………………………………….

Subject of the Study…………………………………………………………………….

Procedure…………………………………………………………………………………
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Research Design…………………………………………………………………….

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………………………….

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Fire is a serious and potentially life-threatening hazard that can occur unexpectedly in our

homes, workplaces, and public spaces. Traditional fire extinguishers work well to contain and

put out fires, but they are not always accessible or available when a fire starts. As such, there is

a need to explore alternative fire-extinguishing materials that are easily accessible and effective.

Due to their accessibility, affordability, and environmental friendliness, the usage of baking

soda and vinegar as alternative fire extinguishers is garnering more and more attention. This

study intends to investigate the efficiency of vinegar and baking soda in putting out minor fires

and assess their potential as a substitute for conventional fire extinguishing solutions.

The study will investigate the chemical processes that take place when vinegar and

baking soda are mixed together and applied to extinguish small fires. The results of this study

may offer insightful information on the prospective application of vinegar and baking soda as

alternative fire extinguishing agents, which may have important ramifications for fire safety in

homes and workplaces.

Statement of the Problem

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This study sought to determine the effects of Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking soda) and

Acetic Acid (Vinegar) as an alternative fire extinguisher.

1) Will it be possible to extinguish a fire using Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda) and Acetic

Acid (Vinegar) to extinguish a fire?

2) How many sprays of fire extinguisher does it take to put out a fire coming from a piece of

paper?

3) Will this Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda) and Acetic Acid (Vinegar) fire extinguisher be

able to put out a fire caused by gasoline?

Hypothesis

Null Hypothesis: The mixture of Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda) and Acetic Acid (Vinegar) is

not a useful and effective fire extinguisher.

Affirmative Hypothesis: The mixture of Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda) and Acetic Acid

(Vinegar) would be a useful and effective fire extinguisher.

Conceptual Frameworks

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Mixture of Baking Soda and Determine the effectiveness of the

Vinegar as an alternative alternative fire extinguisher in

fire extinguisher terms of

a) fire coming from piece of paper

b) fire caused by gasoline

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In this study, the independent variable is identified which is the mixture of Baking Soda

and Vinegar The researchers are going to use it as an alternative fire extinguisher The mixture

of Baking Soda and Vinegar is tested in order for the dependent variables' results to be shown.

The dependent variables are extinguishing fire coming from a piece of paper and fire caused by

gasoline. These two are the variables that are to be observed.

Significance of the Study

The conclusion of this study will contribute to the community since fire extinguishers have

a very important role in our lives. It may help our residents to pull out or dampen down a fire

when it occurs. We may also save up money on buying a fire extinguisher when we could just

mixture of Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda) and Acetic Acid (Vinegar), who's a budget-friendly

extinguisher. To us researchers this experimental research could also help us to develop our

learning by experimenting and researching many types of alternatives that our own household

could use and make. It may also help us to study and experiment more about this topic. In this

way, future researchers just like us may discover more broad and exciting discoveries in this

study.

Scope and Delimitation

The study will be conducted at home in Balicao's Residence, Barangay Reyes, Banga,

South Cotabato. The goal of this study is to evaluate how well baking soda and vinegar work as

an alternative fire extinguisher for small-scale fires. This study is limited to the practicality and

accessibility of using baking soda and vinegar as a fire extinguisher and does not cover the

regulatory and legal implications of using alternative fire extinguishers. They should not be

relied upon as a primary fire extinguishing method.

Definition of Terms
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Sodium Bicarbonate

Baking Soda or Bicarbonate of soda is also known as sodium bicarbonate (sodium

hydrogen carbonate). is a chemical substance having the formula NaHCO3. It is a salt made up

of the bicarbonate anion (HCO3) and the sodium cation (Nat). Sodium bicarbonate is a white,

crystalline substance that often appears as on fire powder.

Vinegar

Vinegar, known as Eisel, is a mixture of acetic acid plus minute amounts of flavorings and

other trace substances. A normal vinegar’s volumetric acetic acid content ranges from 5% to

8%. Usually, the acetic and is produced by a double fermentation, converting simple sugars to

ethanol using yeast and ethanol to acetic acid using acetic acid bacteria. Many types of vinegar

are made, depending on source materials. The product is now mainly used in the culinary arts

as a flavorful acidic cooking ingredient, or in pickling.

Paper

A paper is a thin piece of material, typically made of rags, wood, straw, or bark, that can

be used for writing or printing, wrapping objects, or covering walls.

Gasoline

A fuel made mostly from a variety of natural gas and petroleum components that is

volatile. combustible, and used specifically for internal combustion engines.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign Literature
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According to Livia Simon Sakardi, in Progress in Biological Chirality, 2004, Vinegar can be

made from any plant which contains enough sugar to ferment into the alcohol needed to make

acetic acid. At the beginning of the fermentation, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae converts

sugars into ethanol, which is then fermented to acetic acid by species of Acetobacter.

As with wine, the formation of D-amino acids is due to the action of microbial enzymes.

The pattern and the enantiomeric distribution of amino acids in vinegar were strongly dependent

on the origin of the vinegar and raw materials (grape must, wine, cider, and spirits) used for their

production [23].

Italy’s famous balsamic vinegar is specially aged wine vinegar. Balsamic vinegar (aceto

balsamico tradizionale di Modena) contained the highest amounts of D-amino acids (46-361

mg/l). All balsamic vinegars had significant amounts of D-Leu, D-Phe, D-Tyr D-Orn, and DLys

and most of them also contained D-Val and D-Ser. The amounts of D-Pro and D-Ala significantly

increased in the course of maturation (Table 6).

Fire-extinguishing means efficient use criterion

According to S. Kopylov, N.V. Smirnov Tanklevsky, the efficient use criterion for fire-, and

L.T. extinguishing in a sealed chamber is saving people's lives. Adherence to the following

inequality is necessary for the fulfillment of the condition: where

is the time from flame appearance to extinguishing agent supply in a

sealed chamber; τобн is the time needed to find a source of ignition; τин is the time needed to

activate fire- extinguishing means: τтуш is the time needed to extinguish a source of ignition; τкр

is time....

Choice of fire-extinguishing agents

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In accordance with S. Kopylov, N.V. Smirnov Tanklevsky, when fire-extinguishing agents

are chosen, extinguishing efficiency, toxicity of fire-extinguishing agents and their pyrolyzates,

compatibility with the master elements of life-preserving devices and many other characteristics

are considered.

Studies in Russia and in other countries show that while local fire-extinguishing by the

surface application of water and dilute solutions of foam compound in water meet the

requirements, more completely inert gases, foam or halon can be used in cases of...

Local Literature

Combustion Process

According to the website www.sc.edu, a fire consists of four primary components:

triangles, tetrahedrons, or fire triangles. The Triangle of Combustion, which stood for heat and

oxygen for many years, served as the emblem for fire. Further investigation into fire revealed a

fourth element, a chemical chain reaction, a solid with four flat faces, can be compared to a

pyramid. In essence, fire requires the presence of all four elements fuel, heat oxygen, and a

chemical chain reaction. Removal of any one of these essential elements will result in the fire

being extinguished.

Percentage of Fire Incidents in the Philippines

Based on the data released by the BFP, it was revealed that the recorded fires increased

by almost 40 percent from April 1-26, 2023, compared to the same period last year. According to

the BFP, from only 953 fire incidents in April 2022, there were 1,332 recorded fires nationwide

this April of the current year. The BFP said the reasons for the hike in the number of fire

incidents include the increase in electricity demand this summer that may be compromising the

power lines.
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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

Subject of the Study

The study would likely involve controlled fires with materials like paper or gasoline and

then making an effort to put the fire out with both baking soda and vinegar as well as

conventional fire extinguishers. The efficiency of each approach would then be evaluated in light

of elements including how quickly the fire was put out, how much damage was done, and how

easily the fire could be re-ignited.

Procedure

Materials such as these should be used: Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda), Acetic Acid

(Vinegar), jar, measuring cup, and tissue.

The Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda) and Acetic Acid (Vinegar) are transferred into different

jars.

Prepare a bigger jar and make sure that the jar does not contain any water or any liquid

substant.

Use the measuring cup to make sure that we poured 250 ml of Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking

Soda) into the pitcher.

After making sure that the measuring cup contains 250 ml of Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking

Soda) you need to carefully pour it into the prepared jar.

After pouring Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda) into the jar, slowly add the Acetic Acid

(Vinegar) into the jar.

To contain the gases being released by the fizz, cover the cup with a napkin or piece of cloth.
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The jar will be labeled as Fire Extinguisher for safety purposes afterward.

Research Design
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REFERENCES