Freq.Sharing-GSO Sat.

Coordination

How to Optimize a Filing to be submitted to ITU ?

Jorge Ciccorossi BR/SSD/SSC
jorge.ciccorossi@itu.int

ITU-R World Radiocommunication Seminar - Geneva, 6-10 December 2010

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Summary:
1)
2)

How to Identify Satellite Networks and other Systems for which Coordination is Required ?
Several Interference Criteria utilized to evaluate compatibility between GSO satellite networks.
Trigger Arc DT/T C/I

3) 4)

Possible methods to be used to facilitate coordination and sharing scenario between GSO. How to optimize a filing to be submitted to ITU ?

Identification of Coordination Requirements

Appendix 5 indicates technical criteria utilized in every case, including: Regulatory provision containing form of coordination Sharing scenario associated to the case Frequency Band and Region

Services
Threshold/condition Calculation Method See Table 5-1, Table 5-2 and Annex 1 to AP5
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Coordination between GSO/GSO under provision 9.7 Criterion of Coordination Arc:

To identify satellites with frequency overlap operating in the same direction inside the window of 8 to 10 , or 16 degrees from nominal orbital longitud, depending on the frequency band and service. Applicable to satellite networks in FSS (non plan) BSS (non plan) Meteorological-Satellite associated Space Operations in specific frequency bands ( see AP5 ) Utilized by BR to identify coordination requirements.

Coordination between GSO/GSO under provision 9.7 Coordination Arc is applied

Simple but Useful Exercise:

Approach Identifying Satellite Networks with which coordination may be required by using: SNS-Online or SpaceQuery: SNS Online Link http://www.itu.int/sns/query_builder.html

Frequency Band

GSO Window= 20 E 10 degrees

Coordination between GSO/GSO under provision 9.7 Result of Exercise of Coordination Arc Approach

Coordination between GSO/GSO under provision 9.7 Criterion of T/T > 6 % Mask used by BR to establish coordination requirements in
any other scenario where CA is not applicable. Utilized by Administrations to request BR to include or exclude networks in coordination process under No.9.41 Described by Appendix 8 to RR. It measures the increase of Noise Temperature at Rx due to Interference as a generic method. It does not take into account: - wanted signal. - interfering spectrum shape

T/T > 6 % => Potential Harmful Interference Further detailed analysis is needed to ensure that coordination is really needed ( e.g. C/I ) T/T 6 % => No Harmful Interference
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T/T : Introduction to General Method

Interfering sat. network p gt Wanted sat. network

AP8 describes the method including definitions

T / T = (p gt gr ) / KLT
gr Interfering power density level T (K) T (K)

Transmission gain :
Ts
p rs
Valid for Simple Freq. Changing Transponders (Bent Pipe ) only. Not applicable when satellite has on-board signal processing (digital regenerating transponders, change of modulation, etc). This case requires separate treatment of up and downlinks.

p re
Tx ES

Te
Rx ES

= pre / prs
T= Te + Ts (K)

Power received at the earth stn. Power received at the satellite

Equivalent Satellite Link Noise Temperature:

T/T Case I : Freq. Overlap Co-Directional

Separate treatment of Up and Downlink (Wanted Satellite has on-board signal processing)

Freq.Overlap in Downlink only

S(Interfering) ps G`3 LD w G4(w) Te Te S (Wanted) S(Interfering)

Freq.Overlap in Uplink only

S (Wanted)

G2 Lu pe

Ts Ts

i
G1(i)

T / T= TE / TE
T / T = 10log(ps) + G`3 LD + G4(w) K TE (dB)

T / T = TS / TS
T / T = 10log(pe) + G`1(i) LU + G2 K TS (dB)

T/T Case I : Freq. Overlap Co-Directional

.

Simple Freq.Changing Transponder (Bent Pipe)

S(Interfering)

Freq. Overlap Uplink Only

G2 LU

S (Wanted) Ts Ts

pe

i G1(i) Te T =Te+ Ts

T / T = Ts/T
T / T = 10log + 10log(pe) + G`1(i) LU+G2 K T (dB) S (Interfering) ps G`3 LD G4(w) w Te Te T =Te+ Ts S (Wanted) Ts

Freq. Overlap Downlink Only

T / T = TE / T
T / T = 10log(ps) + G`3 - LD + G4 (W) - K T (dB)

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T/T Case I : Freq. Overlap Co-Directional

Simple Freq.Changing Transponder (Bent Pipe) Freq.Overlap in both links S(Interfering)

S (Wanted)
Ts

ps G`3 LD pe i G1(i) LU G4(w)

G2 w

Ts

Te

Te

T =Te+ Ts
T/T= ( Te + Ts ) / T
T / T = ( ps g`3 g4 ( ) ) / (k lD T) + (pe g`1( ) g2 ) / (k lU T)
W

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T/T Case II: Freq.Overlap in Opposite Direction of Tx. (Inter-Satellite)

Downlink (interfering) overlaps Uplink(wanted)
S(Interfering) ps s Separate treatment of up & down links G`3(s) LS G2(s) S S (Wanted) Ts Ts

T / T = TS / TS T / T = 10log(ps) + G`3 (s) - Ls + G2 (s) K Ts S(Interfering) ps S (dB)

Wanted Satellite has Simple Freq. Changing TXP (bent-pipe) G`3(S) LS G2(S) S (Wanted) Ts Ts S T =Te+ Ts T/T = Ts / T T/T = 10log + 10log(ps) + G`3 (s) - Ls + G2 (s) -K -T(dB)

Te

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Coordination between GSO/GSO under provision 9.7 C/I Criterion Utilized by BR to perform detailed examination of probability of
harmful interference when so requested by Administrations under No.11.32A of RR. Based on methodology and protection criteria defined by REC ITU-R S.741-2 and associated Rule of Procedure from RRB, or by common agreement between Adms. It takes into account: - Wanted signal (level and type of carrier-modulation) - Interfering signal (level and spectrum shape) - Overlapped BandWidth More accurate to perform inter-networks sharing analysis, based on quality and availability objectives. Used by operators in coordination meetings.
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Concept of C/I:

C/I = C/N + K
Protection ratio ( generally, between 12.2 14 dB, depending on the type of carriers ) Result of your Link Budget ( considering objectives like S/N or BER, availability, etc ) Protection required to ensure compatibility between networks

**C/I examination will be presented in detail in a separate document**

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Interference: Criteria and typical values

C C/I C/N C/(N+I)

Degradation

D( C/(N+I))

I+N N=KTB

Delta

(dB)

D(C/(N+I)) = 10log(1+i/n)

I BW

I/N=-12 dB Degradation @ 0.26 dB T/T = 6% I/N=-10 dB 0.4 dB I/N=- 6 dB 1 dB

For a single interference source.

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Multiple Interference Sources:

Worst case given by

I Total = 10.log [ 10( I1 / 10) + 10( I2 / 10) ++ 10( In / 10) ] where ITotal, I1, I2...In are in dBW. In terms of C/I: 1
1

c/i Total = c/i +

Adj. Sat.

c/i Terrest

c/i

Other

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Future Scenarios:
WRC12 and other future conferences may modify the current criteria to establish coordination requirements, including the extension of CA to other bands and services (Resolution 901) Following aspects and combination of them are included in the proposals:
Reduction of CA in certain portions of C and Ku bands Introduction of PFD Hard/Trigger Limits on Earths Surface and GSO Limitation of 9.41 under certain conditions of PFD outside CA Elimination of CA criterion => DT/T only for FSS C and Ku bands No Change

*Detailed Information of proposals and background of discussions may be found under Chapter 5/7/3 Draft CPM Report to WRC12.

SG4 and WP4A constantly consider updates to current interfering criteria, based on studies using latest technologies
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Methods to facilitate coordination and sharing scenario between GSO

Frequency Separation - Band Segmentation - Channeling Plan Polarization Improvement of antenna system spatial discrimination -Design of Antenna gain contours, roll-off and service areas associated to satellite beams - Modifying antenna diameters in the ground segment - Improvement to Earth Station Radiation Pattern To Adjust orbital separation between adjacent satellites. To Reorganize distribution of diferent types of carrier. Use of advanced modulation/FEC technologies (eg. DVB-S2), signal coding and processing techniques (spread spectrum or CDMA, etc). Re-engineering of the link budget, including modulation-FEC, power density levels, adjusting Quality and Availavibility Objectives in order to tolerate higher levels of interference.

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Frequencies - Polarizations

Satellite 1

Satellite 2

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Space Segment Spatial Discrimination

-6.00 0.00 -20.00

-4.00 -2.00

-1.20

-10.00

-2.00

-1.20

-10.00

-6.00 -2.00

-4.00

0.00

-20.00 -30.00 -10.00 -4.00 0.00 -4.00 -6.00

-10.00 -4.00 -2.00

0.00

-6.00

0.00

-20.00

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Modifying Orbital Separation:

Exercise:

Assuming D/ = 100 ; ES Antenna Paterns REC 465-5 / REC 580-6

Interference Reduction:

If - Ii = 25.log (i / f)
where Scenario 1 1n-2n = 2 1 = 2 = 0.1 Nominal Orbital Separation E-W Station Keeping Interference Reduction with respect to Scenario 1 Scenario 2 1n-2n = 3 1 = 2 = 0.1 f: minimum final separation between satellites i: minimum initial separation between satellites

If - Ii = 25.log (1.8 / 2.8 ) =

-4.8 dB

Warning: From Regulatory point of view, it may be an Impact of New Coordination Requirements in some cases due to increase of interference to other satellites
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Ground Segment: Improving the Earth Station Radiation Pattern

Antenna Radiation Patterns Comparison Sidelobes

50 40 30
60
AP8 REC-465-5

Gain (phi)
A - 25 LOG (phi) REC-580-6 ABCD log

20 10
G [dBi]

50 40 30 20 10 0
0.01 0.1 1 10 100

0 -10 -20

Gain (phi)

-10 -20

Phi [deg]
BR / SSD / SNP 22

Changing the Earth Station Antenna Diameter:

Ga max [dBi]= Gb max [dBi]= 43.2 56

Mainlobe and Near-Sidelobes REC-580-6 Antenna Pattern

Antenna A G1 = Phi m = D/L = Phi r = Phi b= Beamwidth= 23.34 1.50 59.40 1.68 47.86 1.17

Gain (phi)
Antenna A Antenna B

60 50 40

Antenna B

Phi m = D/L = Phi r = Phi b= Beamwidth=

0.35 259.28 0.56 47.86 0.27

G [dBi]

G1 =

35.21

30 20 10 0
0.01 0.1 1 10 100

-10 -20

REFERENCES - COMMENTS: Antenna A= Typical 1.2M Antenna B= Typical 13M

Phi [deg]

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Reorganizing distribution of different types of carrier To identify diferent types of carriers such as: TT&C Analog TV/FM Digital Data To consider their characteristics of diversity in terms of BW, Max. Power and spectral density distribution. To group them in the frequency domain taking into account the distribution of similar carriers used by neighboring satellites. Off-axis eirp masks associated to type of carriers and frequency bands, as well as operational restrictions or relaxations, may be agreed during the coordination process.
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How to Optimize a Filing to be submitted to ITU ?

Goal ?

Favorable Findings + Realistic Info

To Ensure

Recording + Accuracy

MIFR

Positive Cycle for current & future networks

Administrations are free to choose the way to organize a filing

Coordination Request:

-needs certain flexibility of parameters -may be a General Approach

-specific -accurate -realistic parameters

Notification:

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Filing is Group Structured

Diversity of: Beam/Service Areas

Frequencies

Emissions

Earth Stations

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Reorganize Filing considering diversity of frequency assignments and respective progress in coordination
For example: To split groups of frequency assignments by
Group 11 SA 1 -Beam/Service Areas Group 12 SA 2 -Frequencies -Emissions -Earth Stations Group 22 Typical 1.2m Coord.Not Completed Further progress is required Coord. Not Completed Further progress is required Coord. Completed Fav. Finding MIFR

( similar process ) ( similar process )

Group 21 Typical 9m Coord. Completed Fav. Finding MIFR

Remarks: locating worst cases in separated groups will ensure recording of successfully coordinated frequency assignments.
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Questions ?

*Text Document Frequency Sharing and Satellite Coordination between GSO Networks. How to optimize a filing to be submitted to ITU ? complements this presentation providing further information and references.

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