21PPH07 Electromagnetic Theory & Plasma

Physics
PAAVENDHAR COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCE
PG & RESEARCH DEPARTMENTOFPHYSICS
Subject: ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY & PLASMA PHYSICS (21PPH07)
Class: II M.Sc. Physics
Syllabus

UNIT I: ELECTROSTATICS AND POLARISATION

Coulomb’s law - Electric field - Continuous charge distribution - Gauss's law and its
applications - Electrostatic potential - Laplace and Poisson equations - Boundary value problems -
Electrostatic boundary conditions - Energy density of an electrostatic field - Method of images.
Polarisation: Macroscopic electric field - Local electrical field at an atom - Electric
displacement and Molecular Polarizability - Electronic, Ionic and Orientational Polarisation-
Dielectric constant - Clausius-Mossotti equation - Polarization of Polar molecules - Langevin and
Debye relation - Electrostatic energy.

UNIT II: MAGNETOSTATICS

Biot-Savart law: Magnetic field due to steady straight current - Divergence and Curl of B -
Ampere’s circuital law and its applications - Magnetic Scalar and Vector Potentials and their
applications - Magnetostatics boundary conditions - Multipole expansion of vector potential -
Magnetization - Magnetic Materials - Magnetostatic energy - Magnetic susceptibility and
permeability - Correspondences between Electrostatics and Magnetostatics.

UNIT III: ELECTRO MAGNETISM

Continuity equation - Displacement current - Maxwell’s equations and their physical
significances - Energy in electromagnetic fields - Poynting’s theorem - Electromagnetic potentials -
Maxwell’s equations in terms of electromagnetic potentials - Gauge transformations - Lorentz
Gauge - Coulomb Gauge - Green function for the wave function - Conservation of energy and
momentum for a system of charged particles and electromagnetic fields.

UNIT IV: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND WAVE PROPAGATION

Electromagnetic waves in free space - Propagation of electromagnetic waves in isotropic
and anisotropic dielectrics - Reflection and refraction of electromagnetic waves - TM and TE
modes - Propagation in Rectangular waveguides - Cavity Resonator - Inhomogeneous wave
equation and retarded potentials - Radiation from a localized source - Oscillating electric dipole -
Superposition of waves - Polarization - Stokes Parameters.

UNIT V: PLASMA PHYSICS

Introduction, Types of Plasma; Properties of Plasma; V- I characteristics; Advantages of
plasma processing. Thermal plasma: Principles of plasma generation; DC plasma torches; AC
plasma torches; RF plasma torches, Plasma spraying; Structure of sprayed deposits; Plasma
decomposition; Treatment of hazardous wastes - Synthesis of ultrafine/Nano powders. Plasma
melting and remelting. Non-thermal plasma: Glow discharge plasma.
Plasma reactors for surface treatment: Corona & DBD atmospheric pressure surface
treatment reactors - Magnetic hydrodynamic waves - Alfven waves and magneto sonic waves.

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Section - A (1 Mark)UNIT-IELECTROSTATICS AND POLARISATION

1. The Coulomb law is an application of

(a) Ampere law (b) Gauss law
(c) Bio Savart law (d) Lenz law

2. Which of the following is the Poisson’s equation

2 −ρ
(a) ∇ V= (b) 2
∇ V =−ρ ε 0
ε0
2 2
(c) ∇ 2 V =0 (d) ∇ V =ρ ε 0

3. Electric potential is a __________ quantity.

(a) scalar (b) vector
(c) tensor (d) matrix

4. Two wires carrying same current in the same direction placed 1 cm apart will experience
(a) repulsive force (b) no force
(c) attractive force (d) Lorentz force

5. ∇ is known as
(a) Gradient operator (b) Curl operator
(c) Divergence operator (d) D’Alembert’s operator

6. In free space, which of the following will be zero?

(a) Permittivity (b) Permeability
(c) Conductivity (d) Resistivity

7. The specification of the electric potential is determined by the boundary value problem is
called
(a) Dirichlet condition (b) Fourier condition
(c) Neuman condition (d) Slater’s condition

8. The relation between electric potential and field is

2 2
(a) E=∇ V (b) E=V
2
(c) E=∇ V (d) E=−∇ V

9. The Laplace’s equation is

−ρ
(a) ∇2 V = (b) ∇ 2 V =−ρ ε 0
ε0
2 2
(c) 2
∇ V =0 (d) ∇ V =ρ ε 0

10. If ε 0is the electric field in vacuum and ε is the electric field in dielectric, the dielectric
constant is given by
ε ε0
(a) (b)
ε0 ε
(c) ε × ε0 (d) (ε ε 0)2

11. Electric lines of force due to a charged particle are always

(a) Straight (b) Curved

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(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Either (a) or (b)

12. An electric dipole in a uniform electric field experience

(a) A force and a torque (b) A force but no torque
(c) A torque but not force (d) Neither force nor torque

13. Coulomb’s Law applies to

(a) point charges (b) group of charges
(c) ions (d) particles only

14. Electric potential energy (U) of two-point charges is

q1 q 2 q1q2
(a) 2 (b)
4 π ε0 r 4 π ε0 r
(c) pE cos θ (d) pE sin θ

15. A point charge in space is attracted towards a dielectric material because of the_________.
(a) Phenomenon of dielectric polarization
(b) Maximization of electrostatic flux
(c) dielectric hysteresis
(d) Either (a) or (b)

16. Which of the following statement is true?

(a) Electrostatic force is a non-conservative force
(b) Electrostatic is a conservative force
(c) Potential is the product of charge and work
(d) Potential at a point is the work done per unit charge in bringing a charge from any
point to infinity

17. Material Possess electrical polarization in which absence of an applied field and owing to
their Structure possess.
(a) Permanent dipole moment (b) Temporary dipole moment
(c) Zero dipole moment (d) Electric polarization

18. The force between two charged particles is proportional to the _______.
(a) Inverse square of the distance
(b) Inverse of the distance
(c) square of the distance
(d) Distance

19. Relative displacement of charges is called as

(a) Polarization (b) Synchronisation
(c) Ionisation (d) Molecules

20. The torque induced on a dipole when placed in an electric field E is given by _________
(a) Esinθ (b) pEsinθ
(c) Ecosθ (d) pEcosθ

21. Polarization is defined as the dipole moment __________

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(a) per unit length (b) per unit area
(c) per unit volume (d) per unit time

22. In which category of polarization Electric field is used to develop a net dipole moment in
dipolar substances?
(a) Ionic Polarization (b) Space-charge polarization
(c) Orientational Polarization (d) Electronic Polarization

23. When the distance between two charged particles is halved, the coulomb force between
them becomes
(a) one-half (b) one-fourth
(c) double (d) four-times

24. A region is characterized by charge distribution, it will satisfy:

(a) Laplace’s equation
(b) Poisson’s equation
(c) Neither Laplace’s nor Poisson’s equation
(d) Both Laplace’s and Poisson’s equations

25. The polarization which occurs due to the presence of polar molecules in dielectrics
(a) Ionic Polarization (b) Electric polarization
(c) Space charge polarization (d) Orientation Polarization

26. Dipoles are created when dielectric is placed in __________

(a) Magnetic Field (b) Electric field
(c) Vacuum (d) Inert Environment

27. How does ionic polarisation occur?

(a) Splitting of ions (b) Passing magnetic field
(c) Displacement of cations and anions (d) Never occurs

28. Gauss’s Law cannot be applied in ________

(a) Hollow sphere (b) Solid sphere
(c) Cube (d) Unbounded surface

29. A non-conducting sphere has uniform charge density in it. The electric field at a point
inside the sphere will be _______
(a) Zero
(b) Only due to the charge inside that point
(c) Only due to the charge outside that point
(d) Due to the entire charge of the sphere

30. At a point on the axis of an electric dipole

(a) Electric field is zero
(b) Electric potential is zero
(c) Neither electric field nor electric potential is zero
(d) Electric field is directed perpendicular to axis

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Section - A (1 Mark)UNIT-II: MAGNETOSTATICS

1. Magnetic field intensity on the axis of a circular coil at a distance ' x ' away from the loop is
(a) inversely proportional to x 3 (b) directly proportional to x 3
(c) inversely proportional to x 2 (d) directly proportional to x 2

2. Materials that are repelled away from the region of strong magnetic field are called
(a) Paramagnetic (b) Ferromagnetic
(c) Diamagnetic (d) Anti Ferromagnetic

3. At which point the magnetic field is a constant on either side of a circular coil?
(a) at a distance of 3/2 half a radius
(b) at a distance of 5/2 half a radius
(c) at a distance of infinity radius
(d) at a distance of half a radius

4. The total flux in a coil of magnetic flux density 2 weber/m2 and area 7 cm2 is
(a) 0.84 weber (b) 0.96 weber
(c) 8.4 weber (d) 9.6 weber

5. The torque in a conductor having current 2A, flux density 50 weber/m 2, length 15 cm and
distance of 8m is
(a) 800 tesla (b) 240 tesla
(c) 120 tesla (d) 350 tesla

6. The Ampere law is based on which theorem?

(a) Green’s theorem (b) Gauss divergence theorem
(c) Stoke’s theorem (d) Maxwell theorem

7. Which one of the following is a vector quantity?

(a) Magnetic potential (b) Flux density
(c) Magnetic field density (d) Relative permeability

8. Magnetostatics highly relies on which property?

(a) Moment (b) Resistance
(c) Capacitance (d) Inductance

9. Which of the following relation holds good?

(a) B=ε E (b) B=μ H
(c) E=ε D (d) D=μ H

10. Which of the following equations represents Biot-savart law?

μ I dl μ I dl sin θ
(a) dB= 0 2 (b) ⃗
dB= 0
4π r 4π r
2

μ ⃗ Idl × r⃗ μ ⃗ Idl × r⃗
(c) ⃗
dB= 0 (d) ⃗
dB= 0
4π r 2
4 π r3

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11. Which of the following properties cannot be calculated from Biot Savart law?
(a) Magnetic field intensity (b) Flux density
(c) Permeability (d) Electric field intensity

12. To which law of electricity is Biot Savart law of magnetism analogous to

(a) Coulomb’s law (b) Ohm’s law
(c) Kirchoff’s law (d) Faraday’s law

13. Which law can ampere’s circuital be derived from?

(a) Gauss Law (b) Newton’s Law
(c) Kirchhoff’s Law (d) Biot-Savart Law

14. Which of the following is not correct about the Biot-Savart Law?
(a) The magnitude of the magnetic field is directly proportional to the current through
the conductor.
(b) The magnitude of the magnetic field is directly proportional to the current of
element.
(c) The magnitude of the magnitude field is directly proportional to the square of the
distance from the current element.
(d) The magnitude of the magnetic field is inversely proportional to the square of the
distance from the current element.

15. Two infinitely long parallel wires carry equal current in same direction. The magnetic field
at a mid-point in between the two wires is
(a) Twice the magnetic field produced due to each of the wires.
(b) Half of the magnetic field produced due to each of the wires.
(c) Square of the magnetic field produced due to each wire.
(d) Zero

16. Magnetic induction due to an infinitely long straight conductorplaced in a medium of

permeability μ is
μ0 I μ0 I
(a) (b)
4 πa 2 πa
μI μI
(c) (d)
4 πa 2 πa

17. If a coil carrying current is placed in a uniform magnetic field, then

(a) emf is produced (b) Torque is produced
(c) Force is produced (d) Torque and force is produced

18. The magnetic vector potential for a line current will be inversely proportional to
(a) dL (b) I
(c) J (d) R

19. Charged particle ‘q’ moving through a magnetic field with velocity V will have zero
magnetic force when the angle is
(a) 0 (b) 90
(c) 180 (d) Both (a) and (b)

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20. The Laplacian of the magnetic vector potential will be
(a) –μ J (b) –μI
(c) –μ B (d) –μ H
21. A long straight wire of radius a carries a steady current I. The current is uniformly
distributed over its cross-section. The ratio of the magnetic fields B and B’, at radial distances
a/2 and 2a respectively from the axis of the wire is:
(a) ¼ (b) ½
(c) 1 (d) 4

22. The current element of the magnetic vector potential for a surface current will be
(a) J dS (b) I dL
(c) K dS (d) J dV

23. The relation between flux density and vector potential is

(a) ⃗
B=∇ × ⃗A (b) ⃗A=∇ × ⃗B
(c) ⃗
B=∇ · ⃗
A (d) ⃗A=∇ · ⃗
B
❑

24. The term ∮ ⃗

A . d l⃗ , ⃗
A is magnetic vector potential, is equal to the
L

(a) Flux of magnetic field density across a surface bounded by loop L

(b) Flux of magnetic field intensity across a surface bounded by loop L
(c) Flux of magnetic potential vector across a surface bounded by loop L
(d) Flux of gradient of magnetic scalar potential across a surface bounded by loop L

25. __________ gradient of magnetic scalar potential gives magnetic fieldintensity.

(a) Positive (b) Negative
(c) Double (d) Integral

26. Dipoles are created when dielectric is placed in __________

(a) Magnetic Field (b) Electric field
(c) Vacuum (d) Inert Environment

27. Which among the following is true about magnetic susceptibility?

(a) It is the ratio of magnetic intensity to intensity of magnetization
(b) The SI unit of magnetic susceptibility is Tesla (T)
(c) It is the ratio of intensity of magnetization to magnetic intensity
(d) It is the ratio of magnetic moment to volume

28. Which of the following is another term for magnetization?

(a) Magnetic neutrality (b) Magnetic polarization
(c) Magnetic power (d) Magnetic moment

29. Pick out the unit of magnetic permeability.

Tm
(a) TmA (b)
A
T Am
(c) (d)
mA T

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30. Find the correct combination regarding relative permeability and magnetic susceptibility of
a paramagnetic substance.
(a) μr> 1, χ < 0 (b) μr< 1, χ > 0
(c) μr< 1, χ < 0 (d) μr> 1, χ > 0

31. Consider a tightly wound turn coil of radius 100 mm carrying 1000 mA. What is the
magnitude of the magnetic field at the center of the coil?
(a) −4
6.28 ×10 T (b) −4
6.28 ×10 μ T
(c) −7
6.28 ×10 T (d) 4
6.28 ×10 T

32. If the current in parallel wires are in the same direction, the force between them is_______
(a) Polarized (b) Repulsive
(c) Attractive (d) Electromagnetic induction

33. In a uniform magnetic field, the current carrying conductor experiences__________

(a) Magnetic moment (b) Lorentz force
(c) Torque (d) Magnetic flux

34. The SI unit of magnetic permeability is

(a) weber (b) weber/ metre2
(c) henry meter (d) henry/meter

35. Which of the following is an example of softmagnetic materials?

(a) Electric generator (b) Loudspeaker
(c) Steel (d) Alnico

36. Which of the following is a property of a hard magnetic material?

(a) Low hysteresis (b) Low eddy loss
(c) Low coercive force (d) High residual induction

37. In case atoms of a material have a net magneticmoment of zero, the external magnetic field
(a) Reduces magnetic flux inside (b) Increases magnetic flux inside
(c) No change in magnetic flux inside (d) Increases magnetic flux outside

38. The magnetic polarization of magnetization isdefined as_________.

(a) Magnetic moment area (b) Magnetic moment unit volume
(c) Magnetic moment per unit area (d) Magnetic moment per unit volume

39. Ampere’s law is also known as

(a) Bio-Savart Law (b) Coulomb law
(c) Newton’s Law (d) Kepler’s Law

40. Torque is a
(a) Scalar quantity (b) Vector quantity
(c) Tensor quantity (d) Linear quantity

41. The hysteresis loss in soft magnetic materials must be kept ______
(a) High (b) Minimum

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(c) Zero (d) Unaltered

Section - A (1 Mark)UNIT-III: ELECTRO MAGNETISM

1. The Laplacian operator cannot be used in which one of the following?

(a) Two dimensional heat equation (b) Two dimensional wave equation
(c) Poisson’s equation (d) Maxwell’s equation

2. Lorentz gauge is used for fixing

(a) Vector potential (b) Scalar potential
(c) Electric intensity (d) Electromagnetic vector potential

3. The SI unit of electric displacement vector is

c
(a) cm (b)
m
c
(c) (d) cm
3
m2

4. Displacement current when compared to conduction current in a good conductor is______

(a) High (b) Very High
(c) Negligible (d) Both (a) and (b)

5. The divergence of magnetic vector potential is

(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) –1 (d) Infinite

6. ⃗S= ⃗
E× ⃗
H is associated with
(a) Gauss theorem (b) Stoke’s theorem
(c) Planck’s theorem (d) Poynting theorem

7. When φ=0, the coulomb gauge for potential is given by

−∂ ⃗
B
(a) ∇· ⃗
B=0 (b) ∇· ⃗E=
∂t
(c) ∇×⃗
A= ⃗
B (d) ⃗
∇ · A=0

8. The Poynting vector is associated with

(a) Flux in magnetic field (b) Power flow in electro-static field
(c) Current in electro-static field (d) Change in electro-static field

9. Which of the following is the expression for the continuity equation?

∂ρ
(a) ρ+J=0 (b) +¿ J =0
∂t
∂ρ
(c) + J =0 (d) ρ + div J = 0
∂t

10. Which of the following laws do not form a Maxwell equation?

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(a) Planck’s law (b) Gauss’s Law
(c) Faraday’s law (d) Ampere’s Law

11. Unit of Poynting Vector is _____________

(a) Watt (b) Watt/s
(c) Watt/m (d) Watt/m2

12. The energy transported by the fields per unit time per unit is called __________
(a) Poynting Energy (b) Electro-magnetic energy
(c) Poynting vector (d) Flux density

13. According to the Poynting theorem, the energy flow per unit time out of any closed surface
is ___________
(a) Integral of S over the length of the surface
(b) Integral of S over the area of the surface
(c) Differential of S over the length of the surface
(d) Differential of S over the area of the surface

14. Based on electromagnetic scalar and vector potentials, which is not correct?
(a) These are physically measurable
(b) These are not independent to each other
(c) These plays an important role in relativistic electrodynamics
(d) These define the field vector

15. Which of the following relation is satisfies the Poisson’s equation for magnetic vector
potential?
(a) 2
∇ A=−μ0 J (b) ∇ × A=−μ 0 J
(c) 2
∇ A=0 (d) ∇ · A=−μ0 J

16. The direction of induced electromagnetic force is such that is opposes the charge in flux that
produces it. This law is known as__________.
(a) Faradays Law (b) Lenz’s Law
(c) Ampere’s Law (d) Biot-Savart Law

17. An implication of the continuity equation of conductors is given by

(a) J=σE (b) J = E/σ
(c) J = σ/E (d) J = jwEσ

18. The benefit of Maxwell equation is that

(a) Any parameter can be calculated
(b) Antenna can be designed
(c) Polarization of the wave can be calculated
(d) Transmission line constants can be found

19. The curl of the electric field intensity is

(a) Conservative (b) Rotational
(c) Divergent (d) Static

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20. Which of the following identities is always zero for static fields?
(a) Grad(Curl V) (b) Curl(Div V)
(c) Div(Grad V) (d) Curl(Grad V)

21. The first Maxwell law is based on which law?

(a) Ampere law (b) Faraday law
(c) Lenz law (d) Faraday and Lenz law
22. Maxwell second equation is based on which law?
(a) Ampere law (b) Faraday law
(c) Lenz law (d) Coulomb law

23. The Maxwell second equation that is valid in any conductor is

(a) Curl(H) = Jc (b) Curl(E) = Jc
(c) Curl(E) = Jd (d) Curl(H) = Jd

24. Both the conduction and displacement current densities coexist in which medium?
(a) Only conductors in air
(b) Only dielectrics in air
(c) Conductors placed in any dielectric medium
(d) Both the densities can never coexist

25. The charge density of a electrostatic field is given by

(a) Curl of E (b) Divergence of E
(c) Curl of D (d) Divergence of D

26. In the medium of free space, the divergence of the electric flux density will be
(a) 1 (b) 0
(c) -1 (d) Infinity

27. In a medium other than air, the electric flux density will be
(a) Solenoidal (b) Curl free
(c) Irrotational (d) Divergent

28. For a solenoidal field, the surface integral of D will be,

(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 3

29. Which equation will be true, if the medium is considered to be air?

(a) Curl(H) = 0 (b) Div(H) = 0
(c) Grad(H) = 0 (d) Div(H) = 1

30. For static fields, the curl of E will be

(a) Rotational (b) Irrotational
(c) Solenoidal (d) Divergent

31. The continuity equation is a combination of which of the two laws?

(a) Ohm’s law and Gauss law (b) Ampere law and Gauss law
(c) Ohm’s law and Ampere law (d) Maxwell law and Ampere law

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32. Which equation will hold good for a magnetic material?
(a) Line integral of H is zero (b) Surface integral of H is zero
(c) Line integral of B is zero (d) Surface integral of B is zero

33. The sequence for finding H from E is

(a) E-B-H (b) E-V-H
(c) E-D-H (d) E-A-H
Section - A (1 Mark)UNIT-IV: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND WAVE PROPAGATION
1. The vectors of the electromagnetic wave propagation can be expressed in
(a) dot product (b) cross product
(c) unit vector (d) perpendicular vector

2. The relation between the speed of light, permeability and permittivity is

1
(a) c= (b) c=μϵ
√ μϵ
μ 1
(c) c= (d) c=
ϵ μϵ

3. The phenomenon employed in the waveguide operation is

(a) reflection (b) refraction
(c) absorption (d) total internal reflection

4. The Maxwell’s equations are valid under all conditions except one and that is
(a) They do not apply to non-isotropic media
(b) They do not apply to non-homogeneous media
(c) They do not apply media which move with respect to system of coordinates
(d) They do not apply to non-linear media

5. A wave is incident normally on a good conductor, if the frequency of a plane

electromagnetic wave increases four times, skin depth will be
(a) Increase by a factor of 2 (b) decrease by a factor of 4
(c) remain the same (d) decrease by a factor of 2

6. Wave parameters are

(a) velocity, acceleration (b) velocity, impedance
(c) velocity, impedance propagation constant(d) amplitude, velocity

7. Rectangular wave guides support

(a) TM modes (b) TE modes
(c) TEM waves (d) TM and TE modes

8. Electromagnetic energy is radiated when acharged particle is

(a) At rest (b) Travelling with a constant velocity
(c) Undergoing acceleration (d) All the above

9. In retarded potentials, what factor of time delay isgenerally introduced in A and V

equation?
(a) R+c (b) R-c
(c) R*c (d) R/c

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10. Propagation constant is related to λ by
2π
(a) β = 2πλ (b) β=
λ
4π π
(c) (d)
λ λ

11. Two waves are said to be coherent if they have

(a) Same amplitude (b) Same frequency
(c) Same phase (d) Same amplitude, frequency and phase
12. When electromagnetic waves through a conducting media, propagation constant k is
(a) real (b) imaginary
(c) zero (d) complex

13. Oscillating electric dipole produces__________.

(a) Electric waves (b) Magnetic waves
(c) Electromagnetic waves (d) Mechanical waves

14. In case of propagation of electromagnetic wave infree space, which of the followings are
true?
(i) The electromagnetic waves are transverse innature.
(ii) The wave vectors E and H are parallel toeach other.
(iii) The vector E and H are in phase.
(a) (i) and (ii) only (b) (ii) and (iii) only
(c) (i) and (iii) only (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)

15. The critical angle c for glass (n=1.5) immersedin oil (=1.1) is
(a) sin −1( )
11
15
(b) cos−1 ( )
11
15

(c) tan−1( 1115 ) (d) cos−1 ( 1511 )

16. The value of intrinsic impedance of free space is______ (nearly)
(a) 177  (b) 277 
(c) 377  (d) 477 

17. In order to obtain the resonant frequency of a rectangular waveguide, the closed cavity has
to satisfy:
(a) Gaussian equation (b) Helmholtz equation
(c) Ampere’s law (d) None of the mentioned

18. The cavity resonator

(a) is equivalent to an LC resonant circuit
(b) in a reflect klystron has its output taken from the reflector plate
(c) produces a frequency which is independent of the cavity size.
(d) has a low Q factor for narrow operation.

19. In the solutions of inhomogeneous vector potential wave equation, which component exists
if the source is at origin and the points are removed from the source (Jz = 0)?

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(a) Inward (b) Outward
(c) Both a and b (d) None of the above

20. Oscillating electric dipole is

iωt −iωt
(a) p= p 0 e (b) p= p 0 e
ωt −ωt
(c) p= p 0 e (d) p= p 0 e

Section - A (1 Mark) UNIT-V: PLASMA PHYSICS

1. Plasma are used to drive particle accelerators and
(a) motors (b) fans
(c) cars (d) lasers

2. Magnetic fields creates plasma which is known as

(a) stable state (b) unstable state
(c) meta stable state (d) degenerated state

3. The phenomenon of confinement of a plasma by self-magnetic field is called

(a) Pinch effect (b) Stark effect
(c) Zeeman effect (d) Alfven effect

4. The interstellar medium is made up of

(a) dense plasma with low temperature
(b) dilute plasma with high temperature
(c) dense plasma with high temperature
(d) dilute plasma with low temperature

5. Plasma is a mixture of
(a) O2 ,N2
(b) CO2 and CH
(c) free electrons, positive ions and neutral particles
(d) Bound electrons and negative ions

6. Plasma and light produces electric current when passed through ___________
(a) Sulphur (b) Hydrogen
(c) Oxygen (d) Neon gas

7. A charged particle in a plasma trapped in a magnetic bottle leaks out after a millisecond.
What is the total work done by the magnetic field during the time the particle is trapped?
(a) Maximum
(b) Minimum
(c) Zero
(d) Depends on the strength of the magnetic field

8. Plasma is metal spraying can obtain temperatures up to ________

(a) 10,000 F (b) 20,000 F

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(c) 30,000 F (d) 60,000 F

9. The plasma charged particle interact through

(a) centripetal force (b) nuclear force
(c) coulomb force (d) gravitational force

10. Plasma is _______ state of matter

(a) 2nd (b) 3rd
(c) 4th (d) none

11. Any ionizes gas is called plasma if it shows_________.

(a) quasi neutrality (b) collective behaviour
(c) both (a) and (b) (d) none

12. Potential of the order of _______can leak into the plasma which cause to generate electric
field
(a) 2KT (b) KT/e
(c) KT (d) eK

13. Sun is heated by which source

(a) fission (b) fusion
(c) solar wind (d) none

14. In solid state plasma particularly used crystalline solid is

(a) InSb (b) SiO2
(c) NaCl (d) CaCl

15. Electromagnetic radiation stop propagating plasma when propagating factor is equal to
(a) maximum (b) minimum
(c) zero (d) 1/2

16. Plasma oscillations are basically constants________waves

(a) velocity (b) phase
(c) frequency (d) none of the above

17. Plasma frequency very high because mass of ________is very low
(a) electron (b) ion
(c) both electron and ion (d) None of the mentioned

18. The cavity resonator

(a) is equivalent to an LC resonant circuit
(b) in a reflect klystron has its output taken from the reflector plate
(c) produces a frequency which is independent of the cavity size.
(d) has a low Q factor for narrow operation.

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