Expt.

No:03 Date:

Title : KUNDT’S TUBE

Aim : To determine the velocity of sound by Kundt’s tube

Apparatus : KUNDT’S tube, Audio Frequency generator, amplifier, scale, powder etc.

Diagram:

Formula :
1) Va  na By observation

1
2) 𝑉𝑎 = 𝑉0 [1 + ∝ 𝑡]
2

Where,
Va = Velocity of sound in air
Vo = Velocity of sound at 0C
t = Room temperature in 0C
n = Applied frequency of sound in Hz.
a -=Wavelength of sound in air
α = Temperature Coefficient of velocity in / 0C = __1___
273
d = distance between the two loops.
Procedure:
1) Clean & dry the KUNDT’S tube.

2) Spread the powder on the scale with thin layer of given powder & insert
the scale inside the tube & drop the powder on it.
3) Start the frequency generator set frequency 700Hz& adjust rod in such
way that it forms well defined loops inside the tube.
4)Note the length of air column of the tube, number of loops formed and
calculate its wavelength.
5) Using given formula find the speed of sound.
6) Repeat the procedure for different frequencies given in the table.

Observations:
1. Room temperature (t) =…………………0C

Observation Table:

No. of Length of Length

Wavelength Velocity of
Applied loops air per loop
Sr. Frequency formed in column in l= d sound in air
a  2  l
No Hz the tube the tuve p Va  n   a
cm
(p) (d)
1 700

2 800

3 900

4 1000

5 1100

Results:-
1. Velocity of sound at room temperature ( Va ) =……………..cm/sec

2. Velocity of sound at room temperature ( Va )=…………….cm/sec.

By Theory.