Present Perfect Tense

Usage 1 PPT is used to talk about actions that you did in the past, but you are
talking about it now without using a past TI.

Sub + have / has + pp + Obj + TI

I have watched this movie once
She has helped me before
He has blamed us several times
I have been to Kandy thrice
Mother has met my class teacher twice this month
We have won two matches against them

1 …………………………………………………………………………………………….

2 …………………………………………………………………………………………….

3 …………………………………………………………………………………………….

4 …………………………………………………………………………………………….

5 …………………………………………………………………………………………….

Usage 2 PPT is used to talk about actions you did in the past, but the result of the
action can be seen now or that action has a connection to the present.

Sub have / has PP Obj

Father has woken up
Mother has prepared lunch
The class has started
We have finished the work

1 ……………………………………………………………………………………….
2 ……………………………………………………………………………………….
3 ……………………………………………………………………………………….
4 ……………………………………………………………………………………….
Translation
 1. අපි ගිහින්තියනවා කතරගම දෙවරක්.

2. මම කියවල තියනවා මේ පොත කලින්

3. මම දැකලා තියනවා ඔහුව

4. මගේ දුරකථනය වැටිලා තියනවා බිම

5. තාත්තා බැනල තියනවා මට

6. ඇය අපෙගේදර ඇවිල්ලා තියනවා නමුත් මම ඇයගේ ගෙදර ගිහිල්ලා නැ

7. අපි අහාලා නැ එක කලින්

Present Perfect Tense since Simple Past Tense

1 We have never met since he got married.

2 It has broken twice since I bought it from him.

3 ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

4 ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

5 ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

The Present Perfect Continuous Tense

It is used to describe an action that started in the past, has continued up until the present, and is
still ongoing.

Subject + have/has + been + verb-ing + obj + TI ( since / for)

I have been using this laptop since 2017 / for 6 years

Some examples
 1. They have been working on the project since morning.
2. I have been waiting for a bus for half an hour.
3. We have been practicing cricket since last year.
4. My father has been doing business since I was born.
5. Our next family have been renovating their house for months.
6. He has been experiencing difficulties understanding the lesson.
7. ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. ………………………..…………………………………………………….…………………
9. …………………………………………………………...……………………………………
10 ……………………………………………………………………………………………….
11 ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
12 ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

Present Perfect Tense since Simple Past Tense

We have been actively working with the NPP since the economic crisis started

1. …………………………………………………………………………………….
2. ……………………………………………………………………………………
3. ……………………………………………………………………………………
4. ……………………………………………………………………………………
5. ,……………………………………………………………………………………

Present Perfect Continuous Tense (none action)

Positive Sub + has / have + been + noun
i. He has been the president of Sri Lanka since 2005
ii. Virath Koli has been the best test cricket batsman for 10 years.
iii. ………………………………………………………………………………….

Sub + has/have + been + adjective

i. The baby has been ill for a week.
ii. Inflation has been high since 2022.
iii. …………………………………………………………………………………..
Sub + has/have + adjective+ noun
i. They have been valuable members to the club for a long time
 ii. Sri Lanka has been a famous tourist destination since the end of the war.
iii. ………………………………………………………………………………….

Sub + has/have + been + prepositional phrase

i. The pile of garbage has been near the gate for more than one week.
ii. The dirty clothes have been on the clothe line since last Monday.
iii. ………………………………………………………………………………….

Practice on WH Questions

Present Perfect Non Action

1. How many have been injured since the strike started?
2. How long has the machine been out of work?
3. How many hours has the patient been unconscious for?
4. What languages have been in use since independence?
5. What has the child been addicted to?
6. Which political party has been in power since 2022?
7. How many soldiers have been disabled since the war began?
8. How many babies have been born at the hospital this week?
9. Since when has he been so pious?
10.Due to what has the land been infertile?