ASSIGNMENT 2 FRONT SHEET

Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing

Unit number and title Unit 2: Networking Infrastructure

Submission date Date Received 1st submission

Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission

Student Name Pham Thi Thanh Thien Student ID GCD210520

Class GCD1105 Assessor name Tran Thanh Truc

Student declaration

I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand that
making a false declaration is a form of malpractice.

Student’s signature

Grading grid

P5 P6 P7 P8 M3 M4 D2 D3
 Summative Feedback:  Resubmission Feedback:

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Lecturer Signature:
 Table Content
P5. Provide a logical/physical design of the networked system with a clear explanation and address
table........................................................................................................................................................ 7
1. Discuss the difference between logical and physical design ........................................................................... 7
1.1 Logical Design ........................................................................................................................ 7
1.2 Physical Design ...................................................................................................................... 8
1.3 Compare physical & logical design ....................................................................................... 8
2. Discuss and explain the user requirements for general network design ........................................................ 9
2.1 Requirements for general ...................................................................................................... 9
3. Logical design of network based on the specific requirements .................................................................... 10
4. Physical design of network based on the specific requirements ................................................................... 11
5. The IP address table ...................................................................................................................................... 11
P6. Evaluate the design to meet the requirements ............................................................................. 11
1. Test Plan ........................................................................................................................................................ 11
2. Evaluate My Network Design Advantages: .................................................................................................. 12
P7. Implement a networked system based on a prepared design ...................................................... 13
1. Network Implementation .............................................................................................................................. 13
2. Diagram ......................................................................................................................................................... 20
P8. Document and analyse test results against expected results ........................................................ 21
1. Log book ........................................................................................................................................................ 21
2. Network test results ....................................................................................................................................... 21
Test case 1: ................................................................................................................................. 41
Test case 2: ................................................................................................................................. 43
Test case 3: ................................................................................................................................. 44
Test case 4: ................................................................................................................................. 45
Test case 5: ................................................................................................................................. 46
Test case 6: ................................................................................................................................. 47
Test case 7: ................................................................................................................................. 48
Test case 8: ................................................................................................................................. 49
Test case 9: ................................................................................................................................. 50

M4. Recommend potential enhancements for the networked systems………………………………52

P5. Provide a logical/physical design of the networked system with a clear
explanation and address table
1. Discuss the difference between logical and physical design
Logical design and physical design are two important stages in the development of a system.

1.1 Logical Design

A logical network design tell us how information in the network flows. In a logical design, you’ll
generally
visualize the following elements in your logical network topology:

 Subnets (such as: IP addresses, VLAN IDs, and subnet masks,)

 Network objects (routers and firewalls)
 Specific routing protocols
 Routing domains
 Voice gateways
 Traffic flow
 Network segment

Figure 1: Logical Design

Because the information contained therein belongs to the L3 (Layer 3) of the OSI model, L2
devices (such as switches) are not represented in an L3 or logical network diagram. While
physical network diagrams arenecessary, logical network diagrams aid network management in
the following ways:
Troubleshooting: If service is down between two IP addresses, a logical network diagram can
quickly ruleout a firewall issue.
Firewalls: Using logical network diagrams, you can maintain your firewall rulebases up to
date. Eliminate redundancies: You can quickly understand what is and isn't redundant
using logical networkdiagrams.
Physical network diagrams: are crucial for capacity planning, but logical diagrams can also
be valuable. You may use them to plan out network expansion or modification and see what
happens.
Sharing network data: A logical network design may be used to communicate network data
while hidingphysical network data.
1.2 Physical Design
A physical network design shows the whole network architecture, including all devices and their
connections. Because they depict all of the physical aspects of the network, physical diagrams
are likely tocontain ports, cables, racks, servers, specific models, and so on. In the OSI model
of networking, physical diagrams are referred to as 'L1.' If you're utilizing automated mapping
software, a physical network diagrammight be a network's server diagram, network's cabling
diagram, racks diagram, or a mix of multiple types of interactive diagrams that enable you to
observe what you need to see.
Because they depict the whole architecture of the physical network, physical network diagrams
can includea range of distinct components:
Connections: are required in physical network designs. Connectors represent actual wiring that
connects physical devices in a network (aka connections). The endpoints of each connection
should be labeled with the port it connects to and the location it ends. Depending on the level of
complexity required, different colors, thicknesses, and types of lines can be used to portray
various types of connections, such as fiber, copper, and so on.
Labels: Labels assist the viewer to comprehend what they're looking at when a physical diagram
uses generic icons. The hostname and IP address should be assigned to anything in the network
that is active and managed, such as switches, routers, and firewalls. Even if a device is in use and
maintained somewhere else, it should be identifiable in some way (perhaps with a different font
to differentiate it from the other networkdevices).
Diagram Legend: The legends on a diagram describe what the different objects and
relationships mean tothe viewer. The legend translates the many images, symbols, and colors
into everyday phrases. You would include this in your legend if you used two black lines to
represent fiber cabling, for example.
Switch Stacks: Switch stacks, similar to chassis switches, are normally represented as a single
object/device.
 Figure 2: Rack Physical Network Diagram and High-Level Physical Network Diagram

1.3 Compare physical & logical design:

The physical design layout defines the portions of the logical design network that exist in a
certain networkarchitecture. It also refers to the organization of computers and other physical
components. Among the components are fiber, ISDN, and Ethernet. The logical design network
takes a particular aspect of a network's conceptual design and assigns it a logical role within
that framework. IP network architecture, such as Class A, B, or C address schemes, are among
its components.

Figure 3: Compare physical & logical design

1. Discuss and explain the user requirements for general network design
1.1 Requirements for general
From the model of system components in our generic system, the user component is at the
highest layer. The term user represents primarily the end users of the system, but it can be
expanded to include everyone involved in the system, such as network and system
administrators and management. User requirements is the set of requirements gathered or
derived from user input and is what is needed by users to successfully accomplish their tasks
on the system. Typically, when gathering requirements, everyone involved with that network
is considered a potential user.

In general, the system should adapt to users and their environments, provide quick and reliable
information access and transfer, and offer quality service to the user. This indicates the
following general requirements:

 Timeliness
 Interactivity
 Reliability
 Presentation quality
 Adaptability
 Security
 Affordability
 Functionality
 Supportability
 Future growth

User requirements are the least technical and are also the most subjective. As shown in Figure
4, requirements become more technical as they move from users to the network. All of these
requirements will be developed in more detail as we proceed through the application, device,
and network components.
 Figure 4: Requirements become more technical as we move closer to network devices

The idea is to use them as a springboard for more objective and technical requirements in other
components. These sample requirements are presented as a starting point for determining network
requirements, and theymay differ depending on the circumstances of the user.
3.Logical design of network based on the specific requirements

Figure 5: Logical Design in my system

1. On the ground floor, I used swith1 to connect 32 staff lab computers, 3 admin lab
computers and 3 printers.VLAN 0 of ground floor includes 35 computers and 3 printers
using the IP address: 192.168.0.0/24

2. On the first floor, Switch 3 contained 25 computers for student. VLAN 1 of first
floor includes 25student lab computers using IP address: 192.168.1.0/24
3. On the second floor, Switch 4 contained 25 computers for student. VLAN 2 of first
floor includes 25student lab computers using IP address: 192.168.2.0/24
4.Physical design of network based on the specific requirements

Figure 6: Physical design in my system

 Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mark Default
Gateway
Fa0/0 192.168.100.100 255.255.255.0 N/A

Router Fa1/0 192.168.0.100 255.255.255.0 N/A

(DHCP_Server)
Ethernet 6/0 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0 N/A

Ethernet 7/0 192.168.2.100 255.255.255.0 N/A

Serial 2/0 192.168.150.100 255.255.255.0 N/A

Router Fa0/0 192.168.200.200 255.255.255.0 N/A

(Internet_Router)
Serial 2/0 192.168.150.200 255.255.255.0 N/A

Staff 1 => Staff 32 Fa 0 192.168.0.10 => 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.100

192.168.0.42

Admin 1 => Fa 0 192.168.0.1=> 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.100

Admin3 192.168.0.3

PC 1 => PC 25 Fa 0 192.168.1.11=> 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.100

192.168.1.35

PC 26 => PC 50 Fa 0 192.168.2.11=> 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.100

192.168.2.35

Mail server Fa 0 192.168.200.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.200.200

PC Test Mail Fa 0 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0 192.168.200.200

DNS Server Fa 0 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0 192.168.100.100

P6. Evaluate the design to meet the requirements
1. Test Plan
Test Action Description
case

1 Check the port status Click interface and then make

sure all ports is on

2 Configure DHCP for ground floor Open DHCP router and

configure it

3 Configure DHCP for first floor Copy running-conf startup-conf

before re configure

4 Configure DHCP for second floor Copy running-conf startup-conf

before re configure

5 Ping Staff_1 to StudentLab_25 Open Network Administrator,

click desktop then click
command prompt Use command
“ping 192.168.0.12”
6 Ping Staff_1 to StudentLab_50 Open Network Administrator,
click desktop then click
command prompt Use command
“ping 192.168.2.12”
7 Ping Staff_1 to Admin_1 Open Network Administrator,
click desktop then click
command prompt Use command
“ping 192.168.0.1”
8 Ping Admin to DNS server Open Network Administrator,
click desktop then click
command prompt Use command
“ping 192.168.100.1”
9 Send mail from computer on the other room to another room Open Network Administrator,
click desktop then click email
Use compose to send
mail
 Open Network Administrator click
10 Check FTP service
desktop then click desktopUse
compose “ping ftp
192.168.100.1”

2. Evaluate My Network Design

Advantages:

 Simple design but work effectively. The structure is clearly which divided into
3 floors: Ground floor: Admins and Staffs with printer. The first floor and the
second floor: includes student lab
 Each PCs are be able to ping each other
 The first and the second floors include student computer labs. From the machines in
these 2 rooms can access DNS, web, mail
 The server can be easy to fixed if there are any problems

Disadvantages:
 Missing some servers
 Need to improve security
 It’s hard to build a servers
 If we are not careful with DHCP server – everything is down

Solutions:
 Upgrade a security system like firewall
 Add more switches to expand the layout network
 Reduce cost
P7. Implement a networked system based on a prepared design
1. Network Implementation
Step 1: Configure DNS server
To implement a networked system, we have to make sure that connect all servers, switches,
router and computer with the (on mode) port. Now, configuring DNS server, firstly, we need
to create a server. Then: Server -> Services -> DNS

Figure 7: Configure DNS (1)

After that, I provide domain name translation and turn on DNS service
 Figure 8: Configure DNS (2)

The next step is Configure IP address (IPv4, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway) DNS Server
192.168.100.1
 Figure 9: Configure DNS (3)

Type config -> Setting in GLOBAL -> Configure IP address

 Figure 10: Configure DNS (4)

Type FastEthernet0 in INTERFACE -> Configure IP address (IPv4, Subnet Mask)

 Figure 11: Configure DNS (5)

Try to ping DNS server by click on the desktop mode on pc Staff32. Then, continue to type
the IP addressof DNS server: ping 192.168.100.1. 0% loss prove that I have already
successfully configured the DNS server:
Figure 12: Successfully ping DNS server from Staff computer
 Figure 13: Successfully ping DNS server from Student PC on the second floor

Step 2: Configure DHCP server for router

Now, we are going to about configure DHCP server for router. Frist, we change the host name
to DHCP_Server then, we need to encounter privileged mode by type Router > Enable. Configure
DHCP Poolto allocate IP for 192.168.0.0/24 network.

Normally, when dynamically allocating IPs, we usually reserve about the first 10 IPs that are
not allocated. In DHCP for devices, the Server needs a static IP, in this case we will not grant
it broadcast IPs from 192.168.0.1 to 192.168.0.10.
 Figure 14: DHCP router configuration

This is very important step, after add more switch to build the first floor which contain 25
student pc labs, we need to copy running-conf to startup-conf. If not, our data will be deleted
and we have to configure everything again.

After that, we do the same thing like the ground floor and when we add more switch to build
the second floor, we just need to do like it
Step 3: Add RIP

To RIP router for more connections with other routers, we click configure
and then click on “RIP”. Then, enter the network you want to connect.
Then, do the same thing with Internet Router

Figure 15: RIP DHCP router

Figure 16: RIP Internet Router
 Step 4: Configure static Interfaces at routers
DHCP_Server Router

Interface FastEthernet0/0:

The IP address is 192.168.100.100 and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. This one used to
connect to the switch with DNS_Server

Figure 17: FastEthernet0/0 (DHCP_Server Router)

Interface FastEthernet1/0:

The IP address is 192.168.0.100 and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. This one used to
connect to the switch on the ground floor
Figure 18: FastEthernet1/0
Interface FastEthernet6/0:
The IP address is 192.168.1.100 and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. This one used to
connect to the switch on the first floor

Figure 19: FastEthernet6/0

Interface Ethernet7/0:

The IP address is 192.168.2.100 and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. This one used to
connect to the switch on the second floor

Figure 20: Ethernet 7/0

Interface Serial 2/0:

The IP address is 192.168.150.100 and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. This one used to
connect to the Internet_Router

Figure 21: Serial 2/0 (DHCP_Server Router)

Internet Router

Interface Serial 2/0:

The IP address is 192.168.150.100 and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. This one used to
connect to the DHCP_Server Router

Figure 22: Serial 2/0 (Internet Router)

Interface FastEthernet0/0:

The IP address is 192.168.100.100 and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. This one used to
connect to the switch with Mail Server

Figure 23: FastEthernet0/0 (Internet Router)

Admin Lab

Admin 1:

The IP address is 192.168.0.1; the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0; the Default Gateway is
192.168.0.100and the DNS server is 192.168.100.1
Figure 24: Admin 1

Figure 24: Admin 1

Admin 2:
The IP address is 192.168.0.2; the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0; the Default Gateway is
192.168.0.100and the DNS server is 192.168.100.1

Figure 25: Admin 2

Admin 3:

The IP address is 192.168.0.3; the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0; the Default Gateway is
192.168.0.100and the DNS server is 192.168.100.1

Figure 26: Admin 3

Step 5: Add Email service, Website service and FTP

Email service

Firstly, we create a mail server, then click Service -> Email. Now, we step into add Domain
Name for mailservices: gmail.com, after that, we have to add user and password. Don’t forget
to turn on the service before we go to next step

Figure 27: Email service

Next, we type service -> DNS to turn on the DNS service.

Figure 28: DNS

Because we have already set RIP, so now, we are going to configure mail: Type Desktop -> Email:

Figure 29: Email icon

This is my Email configuration with user name test, the incoming and outgoing mail server is
192.168.200.2

Figure 30: configure mail at mail computer

Now, add the Email service. Domain name: fpt.com with 2 user (illustration) Staff_1 and Staff_32

Figure 31: Email service

Next, we will configure mail for pc staff_1 and pc staff_32

Figure 32: Staff 1 mail configuration

Figure 33: Staff 2 mail configuration

Web service

Services -> HTTP -> click On

Figure 34: Turn on HTTP service

Add the website (Greenwich.edu, IP address: 192.168.200.2)

Figure 35: Web service

FTP

Services -> FTP -> click On and add my own user (username: password: 123)

Figure 36: FTP

2.Diagram

Figure 37: Ground Floor

Figure 38: First Floor

Figure 39: Second floor

P8. Document and analyse test results against expected results
1. Log book
Test Action Expectation Result
case

1 Check DHCP for ground floor DHCP address Pass

successfully
requested
2 Check DHCP for first floor DHCP address Pass
successfully
requested
3 Check DHCP for second floor DHCP address Pass
successfully
requested
4 Ping Staff_1 to StudentLab_25 Ping Pass
successfully (0%
loss)
5 Ping Staff_1 to StudentLab_50 Ping Pass
successfully (0%
loss)
6 Ping Staff_32 to Admin_1 Ping Pass
successfully (0%
loss)
7 Ping Admin to DNS server Ping Pass
successfully (0%
loss)
8 Send mail from computer on the other room to another Staff can be Pass
room received mail

9 Check FTP service Log in Pass

successfully
10 Check HTTP service (Website) Web response Pass
when search
2. Network test result

Test case 1:

Check DHCP for ground floor

Figure 40: DHCP address of ground floor

I step into check the DHCP for the ground floor of the first 32 staff computer which I have been
configured before. Click on the Staff Pc => Desktop => IP configuration => then click on
DHCP. As the result, we have already successful configured it.
Test case 2:
Check DHCP for first floor

Figure 41: DHCP address of first floor

I step into check the DHCP for the first floor of the first 25 student computer which I have been
configured before. Click on the Staff Pc => Desktop => IP configuration => then click on
DHCP. As the result, we have already successful configured it.
Test case 3:
Check DHCP for second floor

Figure 42: DHCP address for second floor

So, the last floor is very similar, we just need to click on the PC 26 to PC 50 => Desktop => IP
Configuration
 type DHCP, then our DHCP IP will be automatically configured. As the result, we
have alreadysuccessful configured it.
Test case 4:
Ping Staff_1 to StudentLap_25

Figure 43: Staff 1 ping studentlab 25

Now, I’m going to check the connection statue between staff 1 and student lab 25 by pinging
student lab 25 from staff 1. The first time I lose 25% but the second time, it can ping
successfully and get 0% lose.
 Figure 44: Staff 1 ping studentlab 50

I try to ping student lab 50 on the second floor by staff1 on the ground floor, the first time I
got 25% lose but on the second time, it can ping successfully with 0% lose
Test case 5:
Ping Staff_32 to Admin_1

Figure 45: Staff 32 ping admin 1

In this test case, it will show me if the staff pc can actually ping admin or not. And due to
the test case, it can ping admin successfully with 0% lose.
Test case 6:
Ping Admin to DNS server

Figure 46: Admin ping DNS server

I try to communicate with DNS server by admin PC on the ground floor. The first time, I
lose 25% but the second time, I successfully ping DNS server with 0% lose
Test case 7:
Check FTP server

Figure 47: FTP service

Next, I want to check the ftp service that I have already configured. As you can see, It can
response the requirement very well, I can be able to log in
TEST CASE 8:

Send mail from computer on the other room to another room

Figure 48: Mail service

Now, I try to check the email service. Firstly, I compose mail from the test@gmail.com PC
and send it to staff 1 on the ground floor. Then, I click “receive” on pc staff 1 and it 100% meet
my expectation that it canbe received mail from the test@gmail.com PC
TEST CASE 10:

Check HTTP service (Website)

Figure 49: HTTP service

The last step is to check the HTTP service (web service) by using computer staff 1 on the ground
floor. This step is very easy to do, we just need to click on the PC => Desktop => type Web
browser => search for the website (Greenwich.edu). As the result, it successfully response the
requirement
M4. Recommend potential enhancements for the networked systems
There are several potential enhancements that could improve the networked systems:
1. Upgrade hardware components: Upgrading the hardware components of the systems could
significantly improve their performance and speed, thus enhancing their overall efficiency.
2. Optimize network configurations: Fine-tuning the network configurations, such as setting up load
balancing, optimizing the routing protocols, and improving network security could boost the
network's reliability and speed.
3. Implement cloud computing: Moving the networked systems to a cloud computing platform could
provide greater scalability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. Cloud computing also offers additional
security features such as data encryption and regular backups.
4. Automation: Implementing automation tools such as scripting, orchestration, and auto-remediation
can help to streamline workflows, reduce manual errors, and enhance the efficiency of the networked
systems.
5. Machine Learning and AI: Implementing machine learning and AI can help to improve network
security by automatically detecting and blocking malicious activity, as well as optimizing network
performance by identifying bottlenecks and adjusting network parameters in real-time.
6. Virtualization: Implementing virtualization technology can help to reduce hardware costs, improve
resource utilization, and enhance network flexibility by allowing multiple virtual machines to run on
the same physical server.
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