ENGLISH GRADE 10 (8) - TEACHER

B. GRAMMAR
I. Future simple and near future (Thì tương lai đơn và thì tương lai gần)
1. Công thức, dấu hiệu cách sử dụng
Tương lai đơn (WILL + V) Tương lai gần (BE GOING TO + V)
Công thức Công thức
(+) S + will/shall + Vo (+) S + am/is/are + going to + Vo
(-) S + will not/shall not + Vo. (-) S + am/is/are not going to + Vo
(?) (Wh-) + will/shall + S + Vo? (?) (Wh-) am/is/are + S + going to + Vo?
Cách dùng Cách dùng
- Phỏng đoán không căn cứ - Phỏng đoán có căn cứ
People will work more from home in the future. Look at those clouds! It is going to rain.
- Tự nguyện làm gì trong tương lai - Việc làm đã quyết định từ trước
Okay, if no one else will cook dinner, I will. Todd and I are going to eat at the new restaurant
- Hành động sẽ làm nảy sinh tại thời điểm nói tonight. Do you want to come with us?
The grass is getting tall. I think I will cut it - Kế hoạch và dự định
tomorrow. I'm going to visit my aunt next month.
Dấu hiệu Dấu hiệu
- I think; I don't think; I am afraid; I am sure that; I - in + thời gian: trong ... nữa (in 5 minutes: trong 5
fear that; perhaps; probably phút nữa)
- in + thời gian: trong ... nữa (in 5 minutes: trong 5 - tomorrow: ngày mai
phút nữa) - next day: ngày tới
- tomorrow: ngày mai - next week/ next month/ next year: tuần tới/ tháng
- next day: ngày tới tới/ năm tới
- next week/ next month/ next year: tuần tới/ tháng
tới/ năm tới

II. Passive voice (Thể bị động)

1. Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động
Active S V O

Passive S be V3/ed by + O
* Note
- TÂN NGỮ (O) trong câu chủ động làm CHỦ NGỮ trong câu bị động.
- ĐỘNG TỪ (V) trong câu chủ động sẽ chuyển thành “be + V3/ed”. Trong đó “be” chia theo thì và chia theo
chủ ngữ.
- CHỦ NGỮ (S) trong câu chủ động sẽ biến đổi thành tân ngữ và có giới từ “by” phía trước (by + O).
E.g: Chủ động: My parents will build a house next year.
S V O

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 Bị động: A house will be built by my parents next year.
S be V3/ed by O
Các bước để chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động
a. Xác định S, V, O và thời của V trong câu chủ động.
b. Lấy O trong câu chủ động làm S của câu bị động.
c. Lấy S trong câu chủ động làm O và đặt sau by trong câu bị động.
d. Biến đổi V chính trong câu chủ động thành V3/ed (Past Participle) trong câu bị động.
e. Thêm to be vào trước V3/ed trong câu bị động (to be phải chia theo thời của V chính trong câu chủ động
và chia theo số của S trong câu bị động).
- Trong câu bị động by + O luôn đứng sau adverbs of place (trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn) và đứng trước
adverbs of time (trạng từ chỉ thời gian).
- Trong câu bị động, có thể bỏ: by people, by us, by them, by someone, by him, by her … nếu chỉ đối tượng
không xác định.
2. Bảng đối chiếu câu chủ động và bị động qua các thì
Tense Active Passive
S + V (nguyên)/ V (s/es) S + am/ is/ are + V3/ed
Simple Present
Peter writes the book.  The book is written by Peter.
S + V2/ed S + was/ were + V3/ed
Simple Past
Peter wrote the book.  The book was written by Peter.
Present Continuous S + am/ is/ are + V-ing S + am/ is/ are + being + V3/ed
Peter is writing the book.  The book is being written by Peter.
S + was/ were + V-ing S + was/ were + being + V3/ed
Past Continuous
Peter was writing the book.  The book was being written by Peter.
S + have/ has + V3/ed S + have/ has + been + V3/ed
Present Perfect
Peter has written the book.  The book has been written by Peter.
S + had + V3/ed S + had + been + V3/ed
Past Perfect
Peter had written the book.  The book had been written by Peter.
S + will/ shall + V (nguyên) S + will + be + V3/ed
(Simple future)
Peter will write the book.  The book will be written by Peter.
S + am/ is/ are + going to + V(nguyên) S+ am/ is/ are + going to + be + V3/ed
(Near Future)
Peter is going to write the book.  The book is going to be written by Peter.

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 ENGLISH GRADE 10 (8)
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from
the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. set B. encourage C. enjoyable D. environment
2. A. clean B. green C. beautiful D. heat
3. A. yoga B. young C. yellow D. rhythm

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in
the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
4. A. protection B. neighbourhood C. natural D. energy
5. A. polluted B. dangerous C. organic D. recycled

Choose the best option A, B, C or D.

1. I hope I ______ around the world when I ______ older.
A. travel - am B will travel - will be C. will travel - am D. travel - will be
2. This house ______ by my grandfather in 2007.
A. was built B. built C. is built D. has built
3. Who do you think ______ the match?
A. is winning B. will win C. won D. win
4. ______ on other planets? What do you think?
A. Will people live B. Do people live C. Are people living D. Did people live
5. A new stadium ______ near the station now.
A. is building B. is being built C. builds D. is built
6. Look at how that man is driving! He______ an accident.
A. will have B. is going to have C. is having B. is had
7. One of the most important ______ of energy is the sun.
A. resources B. sources C. means D. kinds
8. More people ______ a green lifestyle because it is good for the environment.
A. adopt B. conclude C. compose D. create
9. Here ______ our bus. Hurry up! We______ it!
A. came - missed B. come – miss
C. comes - are going to miss D. will come - will miss
10. The river ______ by poisonous chemicals for a long time.
A. was polluted B. polluted C. pollutes D. has been polluted
11. The ancient houses ______ by the fire. They are now under reconstruction.
A. were destroyed B. destroyed C. have destroyed D. were destroying
12. In the ____ agriculture, farmers try to limit the use of chemicals and fertilizers.
A. sustainable B. conserving C. preserving D. supporting
13. In Singapore, people try to ____ 80% of all waste. Created by: Mr Thanh (0369904425)

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 A. reprocess B. reclaim C. recycle D. reuse
14. Listen! There's someone at the door. I ____ the door for you.
A. am going to open B. am opening C. open D. will open
15. “Look at those dark clouds! “- “Yes, it ____ in some minutes.”
A. will rain B. is going to rain C. are going to rain D. is raining
16. I ___________ a lot of presents on my birthday last week.
A. give B. was given C. was giving D. have given
17. It‘s very hot. ____ the window. please?
A. Are you opening B. Are you going to open C. Will you open D. Won’t you open
18. ___________car models always attract great attention at exhibitions.
A. Eco – friendly B. Wealthy C. Passionate D. Portable
19. The new road ______ in a few days.
A. finished B. finish C. is going to be finished D. is finishing
20. When I get older, I ______ rich and famous.
A. was B. am going to be C. am D. will be
Put the verbs in brackets in the passive voice.
1. The old computer (repair) _________________ tomorrow.
2. Be careful! You (hurt) _________________ by that broken glass.
3. Safety barriers (install) _________________ in front of the gate soon.
4. My motorbike (damage) _________________ by the crash yesterday.
5. Our new chairs (transport) _________________ using trucks now.
6. The guests (often entertain) _________________ by the live musicians.
7. The visitors (give) _________________ a map of the campus last Sunday.
8. They (educate) _________________ about the dangers of smoking yet.
9. My bicycle (just stole) _________________ from outside the supermarket.
10. The students (require) _________________ to watch a video on the new subject
Choose the correct option.
1. I think I (am going to/will) go to bed now. I’m feeling tired.
2. She has decided that she (is going to/will) look for a new school.
3. Look at those black clouds. I think it (is going to/will) rain.
4. I’m sure you (will/are going to) enjoy this Sunday’s match.
5. My parents (are going to/will) come home when they finish work.
6. Their suitcases are packed. They (will/are going to) go on holiday.
7. Fred wants to find a job, but he (isn’t going to/won’t) do it today.
8. Someone is knocking at the door. - OK, I (am going to/will) answer it.
9. You’ve heard that I (will/am going to) move to Ho Chi Minh City, haven’t you?
10. Sorry, I forgot to bring your book. I (am going to/will) return it to you tomorrow.

Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
A Healthy Way To Know A City

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Maybe you are staying in a city, and there is no park nearby where you can take your morning job. One of the
more recent trends is to go on a running tour, but you are not leading the way. Rather, a running (16) __________
who knows the best (17) __________ in the city acts as your guide. You are going out for a run, but you are also
being shown highlights of the city while you are doing it.
Guided running tours are a trend that seems to be catching (18) ___________ in quite a few of the bigger cities
in the United States. New York City, Chicago, and San Francisco are just three of the major cities that have
running tours in (19) __________. They offer these tours to individuals, groups, and even for corporate events.
If you are going into a city with colleagues to attend a business meeting or a convention, what better way is there
to see the city and network with others (20) ________ while taking a healthy run?
16. A. marathon B. sportsman C. enthusiasm D. enthusiast
17. A. ways B. routes C. directions D. approaches
18. A. on B. out C. up D. with
19. A. organization B. way C. place D. event
20. A. than B.even C. almost D. or

Read the text, and then choose the correct answers.

Food for Thought
How often do you look in your fridge? And what’s in it? Look at what you eat in a day and multiply that by the millions of
people all over the world. All those people, all that food. Where does it come from? Should we care?
Today, in my fridge, there are a lew grapes, a bunch of bananas and some fruit juice - things that aic not
expensive and that are good for me. There is also a pizza, and some burgers in the freezer — which aie not so
good. I know what this food does to my body, but what does it do to the woild aiound me? It’s time to look at
my carbon footprint and sort out the good from the bad and the really ugly.
Food miles
My first stop is the label. Labels give US lots of information: how long we can keep our food, how many calories
it has, and where it comes from. A few hundred years ago, most of our food came from places we could walk
to, but today, food travels thousands of miles. We refrigerate it, then transport it in planes and ships all over the
world. This creates pollution and causes of global warming 1 look at the slices of pizza and immediately feel
guilty - not because it’s unhealthy, but because the prawns on it are from Thailand. I know we produce prawns
in the UK, but they’re more expensive. I take out a banana - it’s from Brazil, but that’s not too bad. It came here
by boat, so the carbon footprint of this healthy snack is small.
Packaging
The next stop is the packaging. In the UK, we don’t recycle all our packaging; we throw away more than 30% of
it. This waste goes to the rubbish dump and not to the recycling centre.
Luckily, we don’t need to package food like bananas, but food like grapes needs protection. I look at the grapes
in my fridge - they’re in a plastic container and they’re from Spain.
Production
So my grapes are from Spain, but at least they grew in natural sunlight. In the UK, people grow grapes in heated
greenhouses, which means British grapes are less energy-efficient. But there is one other thing in my freezer,
and if pizza and grapes are ‘bad’, then this food is ‘really ugly’. It’s the burgers. They have the biggest carbon

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footprint because they come from cows. In the USA, cows create the same amount of greenhouse gases as 20
million cars. As I close the fridge door, I make a checklist for my next trip to the supermarket: 1. Read the label.
2. Look at the packaging. 3. Don’t buy a lot of meat. Maybe I could grow my own vegetables, too. It’s eco-
friendly. I’d save some money and I wouldn’t feel guilty about eating burgers.
21. What does the writer want to find out about the food in his fridge?
A. if it is good for his health
B. if it is good for the environment
C. if it saves his money
22. What can we learn from food labels?
A. Information about the people who make our food
B. How far the food has travelled
C. Why the price is low or high
23. Why does the writer feel guilty about the pizza?
A. Because it is made in Thailand.
B. Because it has a big carbon footprint.
C. Because it is bad for his health.
24. Why are bananas better than grapes?
A. Because they don’t have any packaging.
B. Because they don’t travel very far.
C. Because they grow in natural sunlight.
25. Why are burgers really ugly?
A. Because they are unhealthy.
B. Because they come from the USA.
C. Because they come from cows.
26. What does the writer want to do?
A. He wants to stop eating meat.
B. He wants to reduce his carbon footprint.
C. He wants to have a healthy lifestyle.

Complete the dialogue with the phrases below.

A. be collected in the compost bins
B. organise a book fair
C. have enough ideas
D. plant vegetables with the compost
E. have recycling programmes first
F. give used books to younger students
G. lead the green lifestyle
H. start recycle containers in the classrooms and in the canteen

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 We’re going to have a discussion in our club about the plans to (27) ________. Have you got any
Anna
idea, Mai?
Well, I think we should (28) ________ because this is an easy way to make a positive impact on the
Mai
community. Do you think so, Anna?
Yes, make sure that people know what to recycle. We can (29) ________. How about reducing food
Anna
waste?
It’s a good idea. We should use up the food we have, and the food waste should (30) ________ in
Mai
the school gardens.
Anna And we can (31) ________. The less waste, the greener we are.
Mai Do you know the 3Rs? Reduce, reuse and recycle? Why don’t we reuse old items?
We should (32) ________ where students donate books they have used in the previous school year.
Anna
They can (33) ________.
Mai We think we (34) ________ about making a greener school and neighbourhood.

Change the following sentences into the Passive Voice.

34. The doctor told him not to talk during the meditation.
 He _________________________________________________________________________________
35. They don’t drink alcohol in Muslim countries.
 Alcohol ____________________________________________________________________________
36. They recycle a lot of paper and cardboard in Britain.
 A lot of paper and ___________________________________________________________________
37. They don’t sell phone cards in this shop.
 Phone cards _________________________________________________________________________
38. They don’t make Camembert cheese in Germany.
 Camembert cheese ___________________________________________________________________
39. They don’t grow oranges in Hungary.
 Oranges ____________________________________________________________________________
40. They use recycled paper in newspapers.
 Recycled paper ______________________________________________________________________
41. People will develop alternative sources of energy.
 Alternative sources __________________________________________________________________
42. With that device people will change the wave energy into electricity.
 With that device the wave energy _____________________________________________________
43. People will construct more wind turbines in that area to produce electricity.
 More wind turbines _________________________________________________________________
44. Scientists will find solutions to reduce pollution in our city.
 Solutions ___________________________________________________________________________
45. Governments will make more regulations to reduce industrial pollution.
 More regulations ____________________________________________________________________