LOTUS VALLEY INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, GURUGRAM

SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS (041)

CLASS: XII

ACTIVITY - 4

Objective: To represent the following Functions:

(i) Many – One, Into Function
(ii) Many – One, Onto Function
(iii) One – One, Into Function
(iv) One – One, Onto Function
Pre- Requisite knowledge
1. Function: let A and B be two non-empty sets. Then a function ‘f’ from set A to set
B is a rule which associates element of set A to set B such that
(i) All elements of set A are associated to elements in set B.
(ii) An element of set A is associated to unique element in Set B.
2. One - one Function (Injection) - A function f : A → B is said to be a one - one function
(or injection) if different elements of A have different images in B, i.e., no two different
elements of A have the same image in B.
3. Many - one function - A function f : A → B it is said to be a many - one function if two or
more elements of set A have the same image in B.
4. Onto function (Surjection): A function f : A → B is said to be an onto function (or
surjection) if every element b ϵ B has at least one pre - image a ϵ A .
5. Into function: A function f : A → B is said to be an into function if there exist at least one
element in B having no pre - image in A. In other words, f : A → B is an into function if it is
not an onto function.
6. One - one onto function (Bijection): A function f : A → B is a bijection if it is one – one
as well as onto.
7. One - one into function: A function f : A → B is said to be one - one into function if it is
one – one as well as into.
MATERIALS REQUIRED
Coloured pen, pencil, eraser and scale.
PROCEDURE:
1. On the plane side (left hand side) of a sheet, draw four sets of two rectangles to represent
set A and set B.
2. With the use of colourful pen, represent the elements of set A as a i and elements of set B
as b i .
3. Join the elements of set A and set B, covering all four cases.
OBSERVATIONS:
1. In figure (i), f is many- one as well as into function, so it is many- one into function.
2. In figure (ii), f is many- one as well as onto function, so it is many- one onto function.
3. In figure (iii), f is one- one as well as into function, so it is one- one into function.
4. In figure (iv), f is a one-one onto function (bijection) since it is both one- one as well as
onto.
CONCLUSION:
Different types of functions are represented through this activity.