02.cleaned

Chapter 8
Final Report Rehabilitation of Gates and Penstock
CHAPTER 8
REHABILITATION OF GATES AND PENSTOCK
- Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants

Rehabilitation Project in Myanmar
Chapter 8
Chapter 8 Rehabilitation of Gates and Penstock
Method, Results of Site Reconnaissance and Issues
JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) Survey Team visually inspected the gate and
penstock facilities in Baluchaung No.1 HPP (Hydropower Plant) and Sedawgyi HPP. In addition,
JICA Survey Team measured thickness of skin plate of some gate leaves and penstocks. The result
is described below.
8.1.1 Baluchaung No.1 Hydropower Plant
The gate and penstock facilities in Baluchaung No.1 HPP has been well maintained basically.
Generally, the condition of gates, stoplogs and other facilities were deteriorated because of aging.
Especially, the reliability of control panels were decreased.
Though the hoist has been re-painted (touch up) every 3 years, the condition of paint was not so
good because the old paint and corrosion were not removed at the time of re-paint.
There were no vibration and noise and the ammeter and voltmeter indicated no fluctuation while
the gates were operating.
Some indication lamps and fluorescent bulbs have burn out, but the lamps and bulbs are available
in Myanmar.
(1) Intake Dam
The intake dam has following facilities;

- Spillway gate and stoplog
- Intake gate and stoplog
- Raking system
- Remote control and emergency generator
1) Spillway Gate and Stoplog
The spillway gates have been operated only when a flood comes due to the rainfall. The
number of times for operation is different from each years because it depends on the actual
rainfall. The stoplogs are kept at storage position and used only for maintenance of spillway
gates.
The actual thickness of skin plate of stoplog gate leaf were measured and it was decreased by
0.15mm at the minimum point, compared to the designed thickness.
As for spillway gates, the following issue was found;

- There were gaps between indication of position indicator and actual gate position.
The conditions of spillway gates and stoplogs are as follows;
8-1 Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants

Chapter 8
Rehabilitation of Gates and Penstock Final Report
Gate leaf and guide frame of spillway gate seem to be in Gate leaf and guide frame of spillway stop log seem to be
sound condition. in sound condition.
The paint of hoists is deteriorated because of aging. There were gaps between indication of position indicator
and actual gate position.
Local control panel was deteriorated because of aging. The inside of local control panel is in bad condition
because of humidity and small animals.
Photo 8.1-1 Conditions of Spillway Gates

The conditions of hoist and control of spillway stoplog
and Stoplogs
were deteriorated because of aging.
Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants 8-2

Chapter 8
Table 8.1-1 Number of Times for Intake Spillway Gate Operation

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec
2011 4 3 3 - 34 11 16 242 102 33 61 209
2013 - - - - 5 4 3 68 63 119 150 91

2015 - 31 - 11 - 1 26 59 - 2 2 -
(Times)
2) Intake Gate and Stoplog
The intake gates has been operated several times every day for the purpose of regulating the
amount of water flow for the generation.
The stoplogs have not been used from the construction stage. A truck crane should be hired
when the stoplogs are being lowered and opened.
As for intake gates, the following issues were found;

- No.3 ammeter is not working
- No.1 ~ No.3 the limit switch of “Fully Lowered” is not working. The hoist stopped based
on the error signal of over torque at the fully lowered position.
The conditions of intake gates and stoplogs are as follows;
The condition of gate leaves was relatively good. Some gates had water leakage.
The condition of hoist was relatively good. Stoplogs are There were gaps between indication of position indicator
stored under the grating cover. and actual gate position.

Chapter 8
Photo 8.1-2 Conditions of Intake Gates and

Stoplogs
Local control panel was deteriorated because of aging.
3) Raking System
The raking system has been operated every 2 days. The river has been carrying a huge amount
of garbages because the residents in Loikaw city have thrown gavages into the river.
As for raking system, the following issue was found;

- The control panel was deteriorated because of aging.
The conditions of the raking system are as follows;
The raking system was deteriorated because of aging. The rake needs to be balanced between its right and left
position to be lowered properly.
There were slight noise and vibration during the belt The lubrication tube was broken.
conveyer was operating.

Chapter 8
The emergency button was deteriorated because of The limit switches were not working.
aging.
Photo 8.1-3 Conditions of Raking System
4) Remote Control and Emergency Generator
There were a remote control panel and emergency generator in the house located at the right
bank of intake dam. Both of the control panel and emergency generator were deteriorated
because of aging.
The conditions of the remote control and emergency generator are as follows;
There was a remote control panel and emergency The remote control panels were deteriorated because of
generator in the house. aging.
The water level indications were not correct. The emergency generator needed more than 15 minutes
to be started due to deterioration of the battery.
Photo 8.1-4 Conditions of Remote Control and Emergency Generator

Chapter 8
(2) Head Pond
The head pond has following facilities;

- Inlet gate
- Sand flash gate
- Raking system
1) Inlet Gate
The inlet gate has been operated only for maintenance of penstocks. In this survey, inlet gate
was operated to fully close position, and it was the 4th time to de-water the penstock from the
construction stage.
The actual thickness of skin plate of inlet gate leaf were measured and, compared to the
designed thickness, there was no decreasing with the thickness.
As for inlet gate, the following issues were found;

The conditions of the inlet gate are as follows.
The condition of gate leaf was relatively good. The hoist was deteriorated because of aging. The
reliability of local control panel was decreased because of
the deterioration.
The battery panel was out of service. There was a gap between indication of position indicator
and actual gate position.
Photo 8.1-5 Conditions of Inlet Gate

Chapter 8
2) Sand Flash Gate
The sand flash gate has been out of service for 3 years because of failure of main gate. The
main gate has not been moved by motor or man power since 2013. Before the failure, the sand
flash gate was operated every 3 months for the purpose of flashing the sediments.
According to the mechanical staff, the guard valve was in sound condition but they can’t
operate the guard valve because the main valve was slightly opened. The guard valve is
designed to be operated under balanced condition.
The spindle of main valve has a buckling as it turned out in September 2016.
The condition of the sand flash gate is as follows.
The main valve can’t have been operated. The guard valve. All gates of the sand flash facilities were
embedded.
The spindle is bended. The control panel is deteriorated because of aging.
Photo 8.1-6 Conditions of Sand Flash Gate
3) Raking System
The raking system has been operated twice a month. The gavages were fewer than the intake
dam. The raking system was out of order due to small problem at the time of site investigation
but it is possible to fix by mechanical staff. The gavages had been removed manually for a
while. .
As for sand flash gate, the following issues were found;

- Main valve is out of order because of the failure of hoist.

Chapter 8
- The control panel was deteriorated because of aging.
The conditions of the raking system are as follows;
The raking system was out of service. There was a small problem with chain and gear.
The emergency stop button was broken. The limit switches were not working properly.
The gavages were removed manually because of failure of

Photo 8.1-7 Conditions of Raking System
the raking system.
(3) Low Pressure Pipe Line, Surge Tank and Penstock
1) By-pass Valve
The by-pass valves were in sound condition.
2) Low Pressure Pipe Line
The low pressure pipe line had leakage from some expansion joints. The amount of water

Chapter 8
leakage is showed in Table 8.1-2. All expansion joints were checked and re-tightened if
necessary in 2014.
On the steel pipe and support metal, paint had damaged due to aging, heat and scratches. In
addition, there were some corroded parts on
the outer surface. On the other hand, the
internal surface is relatively clean.
Though the actual thickness of steel pipe were

measured and compared with the designed
thickness, there was no decreasing with the
thickness.
There were no leakage at the manhole even

after the internal visual inspection.
The conditions of the low pressure pipe line Photo 8.1-8 Conditions of By-pass Valves
are as follows;
There were water leakages from some expansion joints. The trace of water leakage. It can cause damages to the
paint.
The damaged paint. Corroded part of outer surface.

Chapter 8
Corroded part on the support. Inside of the L.P.P.L. was relatively clear.
Photo 8.1-9 Conditions of Low Pressure Pipe Line
Table 8.1-2 Amount of Water Leakage at each Expansion Joint

No. Amount No. Amount
No.1 Approx. 1.5L/min No.8 Approx. 2.5L/min
No.2 < 1.0L/min No.9 < 1.0L/min
No.3 - No.10 Approx. 1.4L/min
No.4 - No.11 Approx. 1.5L/min
No.5 Approx. 14L/min No.12 Too much for measuring
No.6 Too much for measuring No.13 -
No.7 < 1.0L/min No.14 -
3) Surge Tank
The surge tank was in sound condition. The expansion joint had water leakage once, but after
re-tighten, there have been no leakage.
The surge tank was in sound condition. There was no leakage at the expansion joint.
Photo 8.1-10 Conditions of Surge Tank
4) Penstock
The penstock had leakage from No.1 expansion joint. The amount of water leakage was
approximately 9.0 litter per minute. Both of No.1 and No.2 expansion joints were checked
and re-tightened in 2014.
Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants 8 - 10

Chapter 8
There was damaged paint on some support metals. In addition, there were some corroded
parts. On the other hand, the steel pipe seemed to be in sound condition and the internal
surface was relatively clean.
The actual thickness of steel pipe were measured and, compared to the designed thickness,
there was no decreasing with the thickness.
There was no leakage at the manhole even after the internal visual inspection.
The conditions of the penstock are as follows;
There was water leakage from No.1 expansion joint. Damaged paint and corrosion on a support metal.
Photo 8.1-11 Conditions of Penstock

Inside of the penstock was relatively clear.
(4) Emergency Discharge Valve
1) Main Valve
The main valve had a small amount of water leakage from the metal seal. In addition,
according to the mechanical staff, the main valve also had oil leakage from power cylinder
before.
The position indicator is not accurate because of broken messenger wire. Mechanical staff
tied the wire after it had been broken.
The control panel was deteriorated because of aging. The conditions of the main valve are as
follows;
8 - 11 Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants

Chapter 8
There was slight water leakage from metal seal. The trace of oil leakage from power cylinder.
The position indicator is not accurate The reliability of control panel was decreased because of
the deterioration.
Photo 8.1-12 Conditions of Main Valve
2) Guard Valve
Generally the guard valve was deteriorated because of aging. The control panel and oil
pressure unit are common with the main valve.
The oil pressure unit seemed to be in sound condition.
The guard valve was deteriorated but no failure

had been recorded.
Photo 8.1-13 Conditions of Guard Valve

Chapter 8
3) Others
The motor of shutter of hoist room was broken and removed. Therefore, the shutter could not
be opened.
The shutter could not be opened. The motor had been removed.
Photo 8.1-14 Conditions of Shutter of Hoist Room
(5) Tailrace Gate
Generally, the tailrace gate was working properly though the hoist was deteriorated because of
aging.
The tailrace gate was working properly. The hoist was deteriorated.
Photo 8.1-15 Conditions of Tailrace Gate
(6) Baluchaung No.2 HPP Headrace Channel Gate
1) Upstream Gate
The upstream gate has been used when the headrace channel needs maintenance.
Generally the upstream gate seemed to be in sound condition. The actual thickness of skin
plate of upstream gate was measured and it was decreased by 0.35mm at the minimum point,
compared to the designed thickness.
The factory manager requested us to provide one more gate leaf at Baluchaung No.2 HPP
upstream gate for the purpose that Baluchaung No.1 HPP can generating with small power
discharge during shut down of Baluchaung No.2 HPP.

Chapter 8
Photo 8.1-16 Conditions of Upstream Gate
2) Downstream Gate
The downstream gate has not been used from the construction stage. Generally the upstream
gate seemed to be in sound condition.
Photo 8.1-17 Conditions of Downstream Gate
(7) Mobye Dam
1) Spillway Gate
There are the spillway gates in Mobye dam. Though the spillway gates have been under the
control of DHPI (Department of Hydropower Implementation), the spillway gates are
positioned upstream of Baluchaung River system, therefore the failure of the gates will
influence generation directly.
Generally, the spillway gates were deteriorated heavily because of aging. Especially, the local
and remote control were out of service. Therefore the operator had to switch the relays in the
control panel directly. In addition, the hoist was also deteriorated heavily. According to the
headquarters of MOEE (Ministry of Electricity and Energy), DHPI has a maintenance plan
for the spillway gates.
The conditions of the spillway gates are as follows;

Chapter 8
Paint on the spillway gates were deteriorated. The gate The hoist made noise and vibration during gate operation.
had water leakage.
The hoist seemed not to be maintained properly. The control panel was deteriorated due to aging.
No.3 voltmeter was broken. There were gaps between the indication of position
indicator and actual gate position.
Photo 8.1-18 Conditions of Spillway Gates

The remote control panes was out of service.

Chapter 8
2) Navigation Lock
There is a set of navigation lock in Mobye dam and the lock has not been used for 16 years.
Before that, there were ship transportation for around 15 ships per day in average.
Generally, the navigation lock was deteriorated heavily because of aging. On the other hand,
the barrier and bridge had never been used from the construction stage so the control functions
for these facilities can be omitted at the replacement. In addition, the damages of the windows
and walls of the control house cause the weathering damage to the control and oil pressure
unit.
The conditions of the navigation lock are as follows;
Paint on the navigation lock were deteriorated. The gate There were oil leakage at power cylinder.
had water leakage at water tight seal and butterfly valves.
The oil pressure unit was deteriorated. The control panel was deteriorated due to aging.
Photo 8.1-19 Conditions of Navigation Lock

The windows were broken.

Chapter 8
8.1.2 Sedawgyi Hydropower Plant
(1) Powerhouse Facilities
Sedawgyi powerhouse has following facilities:

- Draft tube gate
- Penstocks
1) Draft Tube Gate
Generally, the draft tube gate seemed to be in sound condition.
The draft tube gate seemed to be in sound condition. The gate leaf was in sound condition.
The hoist was deteriorated because of aging but working

Photo 8.1-20 Conditions of Draft Tube Gate
properly.
2) Penstock
The penstock was embedded type, therefore only failure record was checked with interview.
As a result, there was no failure record concerning the penstock.
(2) Dam Facilities
Sedawgyi dam has following facilities:

- Spillway gate and stoplog
- Irrigation gate and guard gate
- Penstock gate and maintenance gate
These facilities are under the control of Irrigation Department (hereinafter ID) of MOALI
(Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation). All of these gate facilities and stoplog for

Chapter 8
penstock gate had water leakage.
The spillway gates were deteriorated heavily because of aging. In addition, No.1 and No.7
gates have not been able to fully open. According to the ID, ID will apply the necessary repair
to the failures with spillway gates.
The stoplogs have not been used from the construction stage. A truck crane should be hired
when the stoplogs are being lowered and opened.
The conditions of spillway gates and stoplogs are as follows;
Paint on the spillway gates were deteriorated. The gate According to mechanical staff, the hoist made noise and
had water leakage. vibration during gate operation.
There were oil leakage from gear boxes.
The control panel was deteriorated heavily because of The stoplogs had no failure.
aging.
Photo 8.1-21 Conditions of Spillway Gates and Stoplogs
2) Irrigation Gate and Guard Gate
The irrigation gate has been used when the generation is stopped or the water level is lower
than low water level.
The irrigation gate was deteriorated heavily because of aging. The control panel was out of
service.
The conditions of the irrigation gate and guard gate are as follows;

Chapter 8
Usually, the irrigation gate has been closed and the guard There were oil leakage from gear boxes.
gate has been hooked in the rest position.
Photo 8.1-22 Conditions of Irrigation Gate

The control panel was out of service. and Guard Gate
3) Penstock Gate and Maintenance Gate
The penstock gates have not been used because they have had water leakage from the
construction stage. Mainly, the maintenance gates (stoplog) has been used for the purpose of
maintenance of penstock, turbine and generating facilities. However, the penstock gate should
be used for the purpose of maintenance of these facilities and in the case of emergency
shutdown. These functions have been out of working order.
At the time of site investigation, there was water leakage over 9.0 m3/min from maintenance
gates. According to the staff, No.1 gate had water leakage more than 7.0m3/min, and No.2
gate had water leakage less than 2.0m3/min.
According to the maintenance manual, the penstock gate leaf shall be uplifted with gantry
crane. But, when ID staff tried to uplift the gate leaf with the gantry crane, it stopped due to
over load. The gantry crane can operate only the stoplogs.
The hoist has a remote control panel at the power plant, but it is out of order. The reliability
of local control panel was decreased because of deterioration.
According to ID, ID has a plan to fix the water leakage from the concrete crack above the
maintenance gate.
The conditions of the penstock gates and maintenance gates are as follows;

Chapter 8
There were water leakages from concrete structure of There were water leakages from concrete structure of
No.1 stoplog. No.2 stoplog.
The rubber seal had been damaged. The stoplog gate leaf was in sound condition.
Gantry crane was deteriorated because of aging. The bearing was making noise during the move of gantry
crane.
The penstock gate gate leaf. Local control panel was deteriorated because of aging.

Chapter 8
The inside of local control panel is in bad condition The remote control was out of service.
because of humidity and small animals.
Photo 8.1-23 Conditions of Penstock Gates and Maintenance Gates (Stoplog)

Chapter 8
Identification of Rehabilitation Items
Based on the result of site investigation, the necessity of rehabilitation for gate and penstock
facilities are decided as showed in Section 8.2.1 and Section 8.2.2. In addition to the necessity, the
urgency is added in the tables and the urgency is considered as follows:
Urgency I : Urgent “Urgent” is considered to be critical for the operation. The failure on these
facilities can force the powerhouse to shut down immediately.
Urgency II : Moderate “Moderate” is not considered to be critical but have some practical impacts
on the operation. In addition, some items of “Urgent” are considered as
“Moderate” because of the low potential of serious failure (ex. penstock,
surge tank).
Urgency III : Minor “Minor” is considered to have no practical impact on the operation.
The necessity of rehabilitation for gate and penstock facilities in Baluchaung No.1 HPP is showed
in the following tables from Table 8.2-1 to Table 8.2-6.
The following facilities are not included in the Project;
- Mobye Dam Irrigation Gate
Table 8.2-1 Screening List for Baluchaung No.1 HPP - Intake Dam
*2 Screening for the Rehabilitation *3 Measures
Hydropower Plant Baluchaung No.1 *1 Check items *4 Urgency
Project R :Replacement
✓ :Problem Ⅰ: Urgent
A :Required P :Repair
Facilities/Equipment Intake NA :Not available Ⅱ: M oderate
B :Recommended A :Addition
blank: No problem Ⅲ: M inor
C :Not Required I :Inspection
*1
Check item
trouble record
avairability of
deterioration
spare parts
inspection
apparent
Application
Screening*2
*3
Components Remarks
Measures
aged
*4
Urgency
Spillway Facilities Ⅱ
Spillway Gate Gate Leaf ✓ NA C P
Hoist ✓ ✓ NA B P
Control ✓ ✓ NA ✓ A R Malfunction of the control leads to failure of water supply to Baluchaung system.
Stop Log Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA C P

Hoist ✓ ✓ NA B R
Intake Facilities Ⅰ
Intake Gate Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA B P
Remote Control ✓ ✓ NA ✓ A R Malfunction of the control leads to failure of water supply to Baluchaung system.
Stop Log Gate Leaf ✓ NA C P

Raking System Ⅱ
Raking System Trashrack ✓ NA C P
Power Unit ✓ ✓ NA B P
Control ✓ ✓ NA ✓ B R

Chapter 8
Table 8.2-2 Screening List for Baluchaung No.1 HPP - Head Pond
Hydropower Plant Baluchaung No.1 *2 Screening for the Rehabilitation *3 Measures
*1 Check items *4 Urgency
Facilities/Equipment Head Pond NA :Not available Ⅱ: M oderate
Check item *1
trouble record
avairability of
deterioration
spare parts
inspection
apparent
Application
*2
Measures *3
Components Remarks
Screening
aged
Urgency*4
Inlet Facilities Ⅰ
Inlet Gate Gate Leaf ✓ NA C P
Sand Flash Ⅱ
Main Valve Gate Leaf NA NA NA B I Further inspection is necessary (smooth operation and water tightness of the gate)
Hoist NA NA NA A R It is necessary to flash the sediments.

Control ✓ ✓ NA ✓ A R It is necessary to flash the sediments, it is common with guard valve
Guard Valve Gate Leaf NA NA NA B I Further inspection is necessary (smooth operation and water tightness of the gate)
Hoist NA NA NA B I Further inspection is necessary (smooth operation of the gate)

Raking System Ⅲ
Raking System Trashrack ✓ NA C P
Power Unit ✓ ✓ NA B P
Control ✓ ✓ NA ✓ B R
Table 8.2-3 Screening List for Baluchaung No.1 HPP - Steel Pipe
Facilities/Equipment Steel Pipe NA :Not available Ⅱ: M oderate
Check item *1
trouble record
avairability of
deterioration
spare parts
inspection
apparent
Application
*2
Measures *3
Components Remarks
Screening
aged
Urgency*4
By-pass Valve Ⅱ
By-pass Valve Gate Leaf NA NA C P
Hoist ✓ ✓ NA C R
Steel Pipe Ⅱ
Low Pressure Pipe Line Pipe ✓ NA B P
Support ✓ ✓ NA B P
Expantion Joint ✓ ✓ NA ✓ A R To reduce the head loss due to water leakage
Penstock Pipe ✓ NA B P
Support ✓ ✓ NA B P
Expantion Joint ✓ ✓ NA ✓ A R To reduce the head loss due to water leakage
Surge Tank Ⅱ
Surge Tank Structure ✓ ✓ NA B P
Expantion Joint ✓ ✓ NA ✓ C R

Chapter 8
Table 8.2-4 Screening List for Baluchaung No.1 HPP - Powerhouse

Facilities/Equipment Power House NA :Not available Ⅱ: M oderate
*1
Check item
trouble record
avairability of
deterioration
spare parts
inspection
apparent
Application
*2
*3
Components Remarks
Screening
Measures
aged
*4
Urgency
Emergency Discharge Valve Ⅰ
Main Valve Valve ✓ ✓ NA B P
Hoist ✓ ✓ NA A R Position indicator is necessary to calcurate the amount of discharge water.
Control ✓ ✓ NA ✓ B R Common with guard valve
Guard Valve Gate Leaf NA NA NA B P
Hoist ✓ ✓ NA B R Oil pressure unit is common with main valve
Tailrace Gate Ⅰ
Tailrace Gate Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA B P
Hoist ✓ ✓ NA B R
Table 8.2-5 Screening List for Baluchaung No.2 HPP - Headrace Channel Gate
Hydropower Plant Baluchaung No.1 *3 Measures
*1 Check items *2 Screening for the Rehabilitation Project *4 Urgency
R :Replacement
✓ :Problem A :Required Ⅰ: Urgent
P :Repair
Facilities/Equipment Baluchaung No.2 Headrace Channel NA :Not available B :Recommended Ⅱ: M oderate
A :Addition
blank: No problem C :Not Required Ⅲ: M inor
I :Inspection
Check item *1
trouble record
avairability of
deterioration
spare parts
inspection
apparent
Application
Screening*2
Measures *3
Components Remarks
aged
Urgency*4
Baluchaung No.2 Headrace Channel Ⅲ

Upstream Gate Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA C P
Downstream Gate Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA C P

Chapter 8
Table 8.2-6 Screening List for Baluchaung No.1 HPP - Mobye Dam
Screening of Existing Facilities/Equipment for the Rehabilitation Project
Facilities/Equipment Mobye Dam NA :Not available Ⅱ: M oderate
Check item *1
trouble record
avairability of
deterioration
spare parts
inspection
apparent
Application
Screening*2
*3
Components Remarks
Measures
aged
Urgency*4
Spillway Facilities Ⅰ
Spillway Gate Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA B P
Hoist ✓ ✓ NA A R Malfunction of the gate leads to failure of water supply to Baluchaung system.
Local Control ✓ ✓ NA ✓ A R Malfunction of the control leads to failure of water supply to Baluchaung system.
Remote Control ✓ ✓ NA ✓ A R Malfunction of the control leads to failure of water supply to Baluchaung system.
Stop Log Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA B P

Navigation Gate Facilities Ⅲ
Navigation Gate Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA B P
Hoist ✓ ✓ NA A P Malfunction of the gates does not affect to w ater supply to Baluchaung system. Out of scope.
Control ✓ ✓ NA ✓ A R ditto
House ✓ ✓ NA ✓ A R ditto
Stop Log Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA B P Out of scope
Irrigation Gate Facilities Ⅲ
Irrigation Gate Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA B P Out of scope
Hoist ✓ ✓ NA A R Malfunction of the gates does not affect to w ater supply to Baluchaung system. Out of scope.
Guard gate Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA B P
The necessity of rehabilitation for gate and penstock facilities in Sedawgyi HPP is showed in Table
8.2-7 and Table 8.2-8.
The following facilities are not included in the Project;
- Sedawgyi Dam Spillway Spillway Gate

Spillway Stoplog
Irrigation Irrigation Gate
Irrigation Stoplog
Penstock Gate Stoplog

Chapter 8
Table 8.2-7 Screening List for Sedawgyi HPP - Powerhouse

Hydropower Plant Sedawgyi *1 Check items *4 Urgency
Facilities/Equipment Power House NA :Not available Ⅱ: M oderate
Check item *1
trouble record
avairability of
deterioration
spare parts
inspection
apparent
Application
*2
*3
Components Remarks
Screening
Measures
aged
Urgency*4
Draft Tube Gate Ⅰ
Draft Tube Gate Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA C P
Gantry Crane Structure ✓ ✓ NA B P
Control ✓ ✓ NA B R
Penstock Ⅰ
Penstock Pipe NA NA NA C P
Table 8.2-8 Screening List for Sedawgyi HPP - Dam Facilities

Hydropower Plant Sedawgyi *1 Check items *4 Urgency
Facilities/Equipment Dam NA :Not available Ⅱ: M oderate
Check item *1
trouble record
avairability of
deterioration
spare parts
inspection
apparent
Application
*2
*3
Components Remarks
Screening
Measures
aged
*4
Urgency
Spillway Facilities Ⅱ
Spillway Gate Gate Leaf ✓ NA C P Out of scope
Hoist ✓ ✓ NA ✓ A R Malfunction of the gate affects the dam safety. Out of scope.
Control ✓ ✓ NA ✓ A R Malfunction of the control affects the dam safety. Out of scope.
Stop Log Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA C P
Penstock Gate Facilities Ⅰ Replace
Intake Gate Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA B R Malfunction of the gate affects the rehabilitation work and safety of HPP.
Hoist ✓ ✓ NA A R Malfunction of the gate affects the rehabilitation work and safety of HPP.
Control ✓ ✓ NA ✓ A R Malfunction of the control affects the rehabilitation work and safety of HPP.
Remote Control ✓ ✓ NA ✓ A R ditto
Stop Log Gate Leaf ✓ NA A P Malfunction of the gate affects the rehabilitation work. Out of scope.
Gantry Crane ✓ NA B I ditto
Irrigation Gate Facilities Ⅲ
Irrigation Gate Gate Leaf NA NA NA B P Replace of rubber seal. Out of scope.
Hoist ✓ ✓ NA B R Out of scope
Guard Gate Gate Leaf ✓ ✓ NA B P ditto
Hoist ✓ ✓ NA B P ditto

Chapter 8
Basic Design on Rehabilitation of Gates and Penstock
The rehabilitation items in Baluchaung No.1 HPP are listed below. Through the discussion between
EPGE (Electric Power Generation Enterprise) and JICA Survey Team, it was concluded that minor
failures on control panels (local and remote) that is not mentioned below shall be fixed by EPGE
because it is available in Myanmar.
(1) Intake Dam
5 position meters for the spillway gates shall be provided. The position meter shall be
equipped with the A/D convertor (4 digits). To omit the replacement of the cables between
the meter and remote control panel, similar model shall be applied.
Fig. 8.3-1 Intake Dam Spillway Gate Position Indicator
2) Intake Gate and Stoplog
4 A/D convertors shall be provided. On the other hand, adjusting is enough to fix the problem
on position meter at the hoist.

Chapter 8
Fig. 8.3-2 Intake Dam Intake Gate Position Meter Convertor
3) Raking System
No need to be rehabilitated.
4) Remote Control
12 position indicators (4 digits) shall be provided. 3 of 12 shall be provided as spare parts.
(2) Head Pond
1) Inlet Gate
2) Sand Flash Gate
The hoist of main valve shall be replaced.

Chapter 8
Fig. 8.3-3 Procurement List for Baluchaung No.1 HPP
3) Raking System
(3) Low Pressure Pipe Line, Surge Tank and Penstock
1) By-pass Valve
2) Low Pressure Pipe Line
10 seals for expansion joint shall be provided.

Chapter 8
Fig. 8.3-4 Low Pressure Pipe Line Replacement of Joint Seal
3) Surge Tank
4) Penstock
1 seal for expansion joint shall be provided.

Chapter 8
Fig. 8.3-5 Penstock Replacement of Joint Seal
(4) Emergency Discharge Valve
1) Main Valve
Consumable materials indicated in Fig. 8.3-6 shall be provided.

Chapter 8
Fig. 8.3-6 Procurement List for Emergency Discharge Valve
2) Guard Valve
3) Others
(5) Tailrace Gate
(6) Baluchaung No.2 HPP - Haedrace Channel Gate
1) Upstream Gate
2) Downstream Gate
(7) Mobye Dam
MOEE has another plan of rehabilitation of Mobye dam. Therefore, no need to be rehabilitated.

Chapter 8
(8) Rehabilitation without supervising service
EPGE have continued to implement the maintenance and repair works for gate and penstock
facilities since the commissioning. Based on the discussion with EPGE, following items will be
procured by the Project but being installed by EPGE without supervising service by the Consultants.
Table 8.3-1 Procurement List for Baluchaung No.1 HPP

Location Facility Item Qty Specifications, notes
Intake Dam Spillway Gate Position meter 5 Type: Stand type
Hoisting Stroke: 7.5m
Output: BCD (4digits)
Intake Gate A/D converter 7 Product: ARC-4D-101
(Nippon Electric Industry Co., Ltd)
4 for replace, 3 for spare parts
Remote Control Digital Indicator 12 Product: LED-N-B264-AC
Panel (Nippon Electric Industry Co., Ltd)
9 for replace, 3 for spare parts
Low Pressure Expansion Joint Seal 10 Inner diameter: 4,100mm
Pipe Line Material: Rubber, Greased graphite
Diameter: 22mm
Penstock Expansion Joint Seal 1 Inner diameter: 3,800mm
Material: Rubber, Greased graphite
Diameter: 22mm
Power House Emergency Hoist 1 Position meter
Discharge Valve (Messenger wire type)
Consumable 1 set 3 U Packings
Materials Size: φ640/φ600*30H
Material: Synthetic rubber
1 Dust Seal
Size: φ620/φ600*10H
Material: Felt
“O” Rings (4 in total)
Size: φ8.4
ID: 665.7mm, 545.7mm, 675.5mm and 1195.5mm
Material: Synthetic rubber
Mobye Dam Spillway Gate Hoist (Motor) 4 Type: Brake Motor
Capacity: 5.5kW
Torque: 50N・m
R.P.M.: 945r/min
(9) Rehabilitation with supervising service
The following items shall be replaced under the supervision service by the Consultants;
Table 8.3-2 Replacement List for Baluchaung No.1 HPP

Head Pond Sand Flash Gate Main Valve Hoist 1 Gate Type: High pressure slide gate
Hoist Type: Motor powered spindle type
Design Head: 13.8m
Hoisting Stroke: 0.85m
Operating Time 3.0min to 5.0 min

Chapter 8
The rehabilitation items in Sedawgyi HPP are listed below.
(1) Power House Facilities
1) Draft Tube Gate
2) Penstock
(2) Dam Facilities
No need to be rehabilitated. The current failures of the spillway gates will be fixed by ID.
But it shall be noted that the spillway gate shall be maintained by ID properly because it affect
the dam safety.
2) Irrigation Gate and Guard Gate
Out of scope of this project. The irrigation gate shall be maintained by ID.
3) Penstock Gate and Maintenance Gate (Stoplog)
The penstock gate shall be rehabilitated but the stoplog shall be rehabilitated by ID.
The rehabilitation items are 2 sets of gate leaf, guide frame, hoist and local control panel. The
remote control function shall be included in the control system at the power plant.
The major premises of this rehabilitation are the dry condition for the penstock gate.
According to the interview at the time of site investigation, ID has a plan to fix the water
leakage from stoplogs. In addition, at the stage of detailed design, actual condition of civil
structures, gate leaves and guide frames shall be surveyed to provide accurate drawings to the
Contractor because the as-built drawings and calculation sheets are not available.
(3) Rehabilitation Item for Sedawgyi
The following items shall be replaced under the supervision service by the Consultants;

Chapter 8
Table 8.3-3 Rehabilitation List for Sedawgyi HPP

Sedawgyi Dam Penstock Gate Gate leaf 2 Type: Fixed Roller Type
Clear Span: 11ft 7in
3
Clear Height: 22ft 1 in
4
Design Water Level: EL. 425.000ft
Operating Water Level: EL. 425.000ft
Guide Frame 2 Sill Level: EL. 334.093 ft
Height: EL. 391.500 ft
Including replacing the concrete structure.
Hoist 2 Type: Oil Pressure Cylinder Type
Operating Speed:
- Opening 20 min
- Close without pressure 90 sec
Operating Capacity: 50.0 tonf
Local Control Panel 2

Chapter 9
Final Report Rehabilitation of Civil Facilities
CHAPTER 9
REHABILITATION OF CIVIL FACILITIES

Chapter 9
Chapter 9 Rehabilitation of Civil Facilities
Method, Results of Site Reconnaissance and Issues
JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) Survey Team carried out the site reconnaissance
of civil facilities regarding Baluchaung No.1 HPP (Hydropower Plant) and Sedawgyi HPP during
their second site investigation in February 2016 and also fourth site investigation in June 2016 as
a supplemental study. Visual inspection, measurement (crack, leakage, etc.), interview to officials
in charge are used for the inspection.
9.1.1 Baluchaung No.1 HPP
Site reconnaissance of civil facilities at Baluchaung No.1 HPP and related facilities (refer to Fig.
9.1-1) was carried out based on check sheets as attached in Annex 9.
Overall, most of civil facilities such as concrete structures and embankments are stable and in good
conditions. However, some observation equipment such as water level gauges installed to civil
facilities are mostly not functioned properly due to aged deterioration.
(8) Mobye Dam Inle Lake
Mobye Reservoir
(9) Loikaw City
Gauging Station (1) Dawtacha Intake Dam
(2) Headrace Channel (5) Surge Tank

Baluchaung No.1 HPP
(3) Regulation Pondage
(4) Low Pressure Pipe Line
(6) Penstock
(7) Powerhouse
Baluchaung No.2 HPP
Baluchaung No.3 HPP
Thanlwin River Nam Pawn River
Fig. 9.1-1 Location Map of Civil Facilities for Site Reconnaissance

at Baluchaung No.1 HPP and related Facilities

Chapter 9
Rehabilitation of Civil Facilities Final Report
(1) Dawtacha Intake Dam
1) Main Dam (Embankment)
Generally main dam was maintained in good condition. However, regarding the layout of
security tower installed to the downstream slope after the commencement of commercial
operation, relocation to out of slope is recommended from the view point of dam stability.
Photo 9.1-1 Main Dam (Embankment)
2) Spillway and Intake
Regarding the concrete structures of spillway and intake, no serious problem was found.
Photo 9.1-2 Spillway (Back) and Intake (Near)
3) Others
Three (3) water level gauges and one (1) rain gauge installed at DTC (Dawtacha Intake Dam)
are recommended to replace due to aged deterioration. Especially water level gauge installed
for the downstream apron of spillway is deteriorated and transmits abnormal value to the
display panel at control station.
Regarding the VHF (Very High Frequency) radio telephone equipment installed as
communication system between DTC and three (3) facilities such as Powerhouse (BHP1),
Mobye Dam (MBY) and Loikaw City Gauging Station (LKW), only one (1) channel (DTC-
BHP1) is still working and other channels (DTC-MBY and DTC-LKW) are interrupted due
to aged deterioration. Currently mobile phone is used for communication between BHP1 and
MBY or LKW as an alternative of interrupted channels. In case of rehabilitation regarding the
above-mentioned communication system, appropriate communication technology, which is a

Chapter 9
constantly advancing field, shall be studied by communication expert (refer to Chapter 10).
Lastly EDG (Emergency Diesel Generator) of 50kVA was deteriorated, replacement is

recommended for emergency operation.
Photo 9.1-3 Water Level Gauges Installed at Dawtacha Intake Dam
(2) Headrace Channel
1) Waterway
Waterway was maintained in good condition.
Photo 9.1-4 Waterway
2) Side Spillway
Photo 9.1-5 Side Spillway

Chapter 9
No serious problem was found at the side spillway, which is located at around 1 km
downstream from Dawtacha Intake Dam.
(3) Regulation Pondage
1) Pondage
Pondage was maintained in good condition.
Photo 9.1-6 Pondage
2) Siphon Spillway
Siphon spillway was operated to supply stored water to Baluchaung River for hydropower
generation of Baluchaung No.2 HPP during complete stoppage sequence of Baluchaung No.1
HPP on February 2, 2016. It functioned properly and no find out serious problem.
Photo 9.1-7 Siphon Spillway (Left: No Operation, Right: In Operation)
3) Others
Two (2) water level gauges installed at pondage were removed due to aged deterioration and
water level is currently measured by visual observation of staff gauge. Originally observed
data of water levels at the upstream of inlet gate was sequentially transmitted and recorded by
control equipment at powerhouse because management of stored water at pondage is quite
important for hydropower generation of Baluchang No.1 HPP. Therefore rehabilitation of
water level observation instruments and data transmission system between pondage and
powerhouse is highly recommended.

Chapter 9
Exterior of water level gauges. Interior of water level gauge (instrument was partly
removed).
Photo 9.1-8 Water Level Gauges Installed at Regulation Pondage
In addition fence around the pondage was partly damaged at three (3) points. As primary
school is located nearby, children are easily access to the pondage. Therefore urgent repair
work by EPGE (Electric Power Generation Enterprise) to avoid an accident causing injury or
death is recommended.
Photo 9.1-9 Damaged Fence around the Pondage
(4) Low Pressure Pipe Line
Regarding the anchor blocks and saddle piers of low pressure pipe line, no serious problem was
found.
Photo 9.1-10 Low Pressure Pipe Line

Chapter 9
(5) Surge Tank
Regarding the concrete structure of surge tank, no serious problem was found.
Photo 9.1-11 Surge Tank
(6) Penstock
Regarding the anchor blocks and saddle piers of penstock, no serious problem was found.
Photo 9.1-12 Penstock
(7) Powerhouse
1) Building
Photo 9.1-13 Building and Steel Rolling Door

Chapter 9
Generally building was maintained in good condition. However braking system of steel
rolling door was broken, therefore replacement is recommended from the security and safety
viewpoint.
2) Tailrace
Regarding the concrete structure of tailrace, no serious problem was found. However water
level gauge installed to tailrace is recommended to replace due to aged deterioration.
Photo 9.1-14 Tailrace and Installed Water Level Gauge
3) Others
EDG of 150kVA was deteriorated, replacement is recommended for emergency operation.
(8) Mobye Dam (MBY)
1) Main Dam (Embankment)
Fig. 9.1-2 and Table 9.1-1 show typical cross section of Main Dam and salient features of
MBY Project, respectively.
Source: DHPI
Fig. 9.1-2 Typical Cross Section of Main Dam

Chapter 9
Table 9.1-1 Salient Features of Mobye Dam Project
(D/S)STREAM SLOPE 1;2.5
Source: DHPI
Generally main dam was maintained in good condition and no obvious deformation, crack
and leakage was found.
Photo 9.1-15 Main Dam (Left: Upstream Slope, Right: Downstream Slope)

Chapter 9
2) Spillway and Navigation Lock
Regarding the concrete structures of spillway and navigation lock, aged deterioration is
seemed to be in progress, however, currently no serious problem was found.
Photo 9.1-16 Spillway (Left) and Navigation Lock (Right)
3) Sedimentation
MBY is operated and maintained by DHPI (Department of Hydropower Implementation).

According to the interview with officials of DHPI, JICA Survey Team received the following
information.
- As most of the sediment supplied from the catchment are trapped at Inle Lake, stored water
at Mobye reservoir is very clear and there are no sedimentation issues.
- Therefore DHPI doesn't have a necessity to revise storage capacity curve and still use
original one (refer to Fig. 9.1-3).
Source: DHPI
Fig. 9.1-3 Storage Capacity Curve of Mobye Reservoir

Chapter 9
4) Others
Water level gauge and rain gauge installed at

MBY are recommended to replace due to aged
deterioration. Regarding the VHF radio
telephone equipment installed as communication
system, MBY-DTC channel is interrupted due to
aged deterioration as mentioned in 3), (1) of
Section 9.1.1.
(9) Loikaw City Gauging Station (LKW)
Water level gauge and rain gauge installed at LKW Photo 9.1-17 Water Level Gauge and
are recommended to replace due to aged deterioration. Rain Gauge Installed at Mobye Dam
Regarding the VHF radio telephone equipment
installed as communication system, LKW-DTC channel is interrupted due to aged deterioration as
mentioned in 3), (1) of Section 9.1.1.
Photo 9.1-18 Water Level Gauge (Left) and Radio Telephone Equipment (Right)
Installed at Loikaw City Gauging Station
9.1.2 Sedawgyi HPP
Site reconnaissance of civil facilities at Sedawgyi HPP (refer to Fig. 9.1-4) was carried out based
on check sheets as attached in Annex 9.
Most of hydraulic gates installed to civil facilities at Sedawgyi HPP are under the jurisdiction of
ID (Irrigation Department) of MOALI (Ministry of Agriculture, Livelihood and Irrigation). Some
of them have not only minor problems for their long term stability but also rather serious problem
for future implementation of rehabilitation works on hydropower generation equipment.

Chapter 9
(8) Right Saddle Dam
(5) Penstock
(6) Powerhouse (3) Rockfill Dam

Sedawgyi HPP
(1) Concrete Dam
(9) Reservoir
Reservoir
(4) Spillway
(2) Earthfill Dam
(7) Left Saddle Dam
Bank failure
Bank failure (Photo 9.1-36)
(Photo 9.1-35) Sandbar
(Photo 9.1-39)
Japan Gon
Village
Fig. 9.1-4 Location Map of Civil Facilities for Site Reconnaissance at Sedawgyi HPP

Chapter 9
(1) Concrete Dam
1) Power Dam Section
Fig. 9.1-5 shows the schematic illustration of Sedawgyi HPP. Two (2) intake towers for
hydropower generation are located at the upstream of power dam section. As inlet valves are
not installed, penstock gates (hydraulic gate) are used for the maintenance of generating
equipment and maintenance gates (stoplog) are also installed for the maintenance of penstock
gates.
(6) Powerhouse
Relative Distance
(R.D.) 0 R.D. 4,085
(1) Concrete Dam
Sedawgyi HPP
(5) Penstock
(7) Left Saddle Dam
(2) Earthfill Dam (3) Rockfill Dam
(4) Spillway
Spillway
(7 gates)
No.7 No.1 Unit 2 Unit 1
Penstock Gate (Downstream)

Irrigation Sluice Maintenance Gate (Upstream)
Fig. 9.1-5 Schematic Illustration of Sedawgyi HPP
According to the interview with officials of ID and EPGE, both of penstock gates (unit 1 and
2) were not functioned properly due to leakage problem. Therefore maintenance gates were
used for dewatering operation to conduct internal inspection of generating equipment.
However, as a result of dewatering operation for unit 1, large amount of leakage was occurred
from the breast wall of intake tower and also gate seal of stoplog.
Photo 9.1-19 Leakage at the Intake Tower for Unit 1

Chapter 9
Although drainage operation at the bottom of penstock was carried out by hydropower plant
personnel, it was difficult to minimize the spilled water for the implementation of internal
inspection. After that ID planned to conduct the rehabilitation works of maintenance gate for
unit 1 in June 2016, because water level of reservoir seemed to be the lowest in June to July
according to historical record.
However, actual water level of reservoir in June 2016 was re-rose and approached to nearly
FWL (Full Water Level, refer to Fig. 9.1-6) due to unexpected volume of inflow caused by
heavy rain. As a result, ID could not conduct the rehabilitation works of maintenance gate and
therefore JICA Survey Team gave up internal inspection for unit 1.
In addition JICA Survey Team could not access to penstock gates for site inspection to confirm
the cause of leakage problem due to high water level of reservoir during their fourth site
investigation in June 2016.
Maintenance Gate Water Level of Sedawgyi Dam

(Stoplog) 430
and FWL 419.50 feet (127.86 m)
420
Concrete Crack
410
Power Dam Section 400
Water Level (feet)

390
Spillway Gate 380
370 MDDL 365.00 feet (111.25 m)
Overflow Section
360
350
Penstock Gate 340
330
320
Fig. 9.1-6 Water Level and Cross Section of Sedawgyi Dam (Concrete Dam Section)
2) Inspection Gallery
As most of observation instruments installed at inspection gallery were deteriorated, it is

recommended to conduct repair works by ID. Leakage water is still able to be observed by
triangular notch weir, however, periodical measurement is not conducted. According to the
interview with officials of ID, sump well (10 feet length, 10 feet depth and 7 feet height) is
filled up four (4) times a day, so estimated amount of leakage gathered to sump well is
approximately 55 liter/min.
Photo 9.1-20 Observation Instruments Installed at Inspection Gallery

(Left: Pendulum, Right: Uplift Pressure Gauge)

Chapter 9
3) Others
Regarding non overflow section and dam crest, no serious problem was found.
Photo 9.1-21 Non Overflow Section (Left) and Dam Crest (Right) of Concrete Dam
(2) Earthfill Dam
1) Downstream Slope
Partly gullies were found to the downstream slope of earthfill dam. It is recommended to
conduct repair works by ID.
No leakage was observed at the measurement weir which located at the downstream toe of
earthfill dam as of February 18, 2016.
Photo 9.1-22 Gullies at the Downstream Slope Photo 9.1-23 Measurement Weir
of Earthfill Dam as of February 18, 2016
Regarding the observation house located at around R.D. 1 1,605 ~ 1,615, piezometer
observation has been abandoned and spilled water erodes the downstream slope. It is
recommended that spilled water shall be bypassed to the downstream toe by appropriate way
not to erode the downstream slope and eroded slope shall be backfilled by ID according to the
original design.
1
Relative distance in feet from the left bank end of Sedawgyi Dam (refer to Fig. 9.1-5).

Chapter 9
Photo 9.1-24 Current Situation of Observation House and Eroded Slope
2) Others
Some minor slope failures were found at the upstream slope of earthfill dam. It is
recommended to conduct repair works by ID.
Regarding dam crest, no serious problem was found.
Photo 9.1-25 Upstream Slope (Left) and Dam Crest (Right) of Earthfill Dam
(3) Rockfill Dam
Some minor slope failures were found at the upstream slope of rockfill dam. It is recommended to
Photo 9.1-26 Upstream Slope Rockfill Dam
Regarding downstream slope and dam crest, no serious problem was found.

Chapter 9
Photo 9.1-27 Downstream Slope (Left) and Dam Crest (Right) of Rockfill Dam
(4) Spillway
According to salient features of Sedawgyi Dam Project, design flood discharges, outflow through
spillway and parameters of spillway are shown below.
- Design Flood Discharges

1 in 10 years : 145,000 cusecs (4,105.94 m3/s)
1 in 100 years : 168,000 cusecs (4,757.23 m3/s)
1 in 1,000 years : 235,000 cusecs (6,654.46 m3/s)
1 in 10,000 years : 300,000 cusecs (8,495.05 m3/s)
- Outflow (through Spillway)

at FWL* with 6 gates : 235,500 cusecs (6,668.62 m3/s)
in operation
* FWL = EL. 419.50 feet (127.86 m)
- Spillway
Length of concrete : 360 feet (109.73 m)
spillway
Crest level of spillway : EL. 384.50 feet (117.20 m)
Number and size of : 7 of 40 feet (12.19 m) wide ∗ 36.5 feet (11.13 m) high
spillway radial gates
However, according to the interview with officials of ID and EPGE, No.1 and No.7 of spillway
gates (refer to Fig. 9.1-5) were not able to fully open due to jamming or other reasons and current
gate opening of 2 gates is about 15 feet (4.57 m). Therefore pre-release operation has been
temporally adopted to Sedawgyi Dam just before entering wet season to increase a storage volume
below crest level for flood control.
Although the maximum experienced flood of Sedawgyi Dam after the commencement of
commercial operation is 90,720 cusecs (2,568.90 m3/s) on August 15, 1992, flood control operation
is one of the most important function for dam safety. Therefore decrease in discharging capacity
caused by failure/trouble shall be recovered by ID as soon as possible.
In June 2016, JICA Survey Team carried out their fourth site investigation and received the
following information from ID's office in Mandalay.
- Spillway gate No.7 was checked and repaired by ID in June 2016.

Chapter 9
- Spillway gate No.1 still have a gate opening problem (6.5 feet is maximum) but will be repaired
after rainy season.
- Currently 6 gates (No.2 to No.7) are able to fully open and have enough discharging capacity for
designed flood operation.
No.7
No.1
Photo 9.1-28 Spillway Gates (Left) and Gate No.7 (Right)
(5) Penstock
At the penstock encased with concrete, exposed reinforcing bars were found by NEWJEC
engineers in January 2014, therefore repair works was recommended at that time to stop further
corrosion of the reinforcing bars (refer to Photo 9.1-29).
Source: Site Visit Report, NEWJEC, January 2014
Photo 9.1-29 Exposed Reinforcing Bars at Penstock as of January 2014
During second site investigation in February 2016, JICA Survey Team found that repair works was
completed based on the recommendation.

Chapter 9
Photo 9.1-30 Current Situation of Penstock as of February 2016
(6) Powerhouse
1) Building
Generally building was maintained in good condition. However some cracks are found around
the penstock at B3 floor.
Photo 9.1-31 Cracks around the Penstock
2) Tailrace
Regarding the concrete structure of tailrace, no

serious problem was found.
3) Others
Two (2) water level gauges installed near the

intake gate and tailrace gate, which are under the
jurisdiction of ID, are deteriorated and transmit
abnormal value to the display panel at control
station of powerhouse. As a result, water levels
at the intake and tailrace are currently measured
by visual observation of staff gauge. However,
for efficient hydropower generation by Kaplan Photo 9.1-32 Tailrace
turbine, sequential observation of water level is

Chapter 9
required. Therefore it is recommended to EPGE that additional installation of automatic water

level observation instruments at the intake and tailrace for hydropower generation.
(7) Left Saddle Dam
Eroded spot caused by heavy rain was found at the

downstream side of dam crest. It is recommended to
Regarding upstream slope and downstream slope, no

remarkable problem was found.
There is a small village near the right saddle dam.

Villagers reclaimed the upstream slope for their Photo 9.1-33 Eroded Spot at Dam
utilization as boatslip without any permission from Crest of Left Saddle Dam
ID. Therefore ID once excavated the reclaimed
ground four (4) years ago to rehabilitate this area based on the design drawing, however, villagers
refilled there again. Also villagers sometime take away riprap stones for their own use or other
reasons.
Right shoulder of dam crest was scraped away caused by three-point turn of automobile in wet
season. It is recommended to conduct repair works by ID.
Regarding downstream slope, no serious problem was found.
Photo 9.1-34 Upstream Slope (Left) and Dam Crest (Right) of Right Saddle Dam
(9) Reservoir
1) Watershed
JICA Survey Team conducted site reconnaissance for the reservoir and upstream reaches of
Chaungmagyi River by boat together with the officials of ID and EPGE on February 24, 2016.
Remarkable deforestation and/or land slide were not found from the latest satellite image as
shown in Fig. 9.1-4 and then confirmed by visual observation. Through the site
reconnaissance, two (2) bank failures were observed at the left side of reservoir (at around 4.1
km upstream from Sedawgyi Dam) and at the left side bank of Chaungmagyi River (at around
16 km upstream from Sedawgyi Dam and 2.7 km upstream from Japan Gon Village), however,
remarkable deforestation and/or land slide were not found.

Chapter 9
Photo 9.1-35 Bank Failure at the Left Side Photo 9.1-36 Bank Failure at the Left Side
of Reservoir Bank of Chaungmagyi River
2) Sedimentation
According to the Site Visit Report (hereinafter referred to as "NEWJEC Report") made by
NEWJEC engineers and submitted to ID and EPGE in January 2014, sedimentation issues at
Sedawgyi Dam are the following.
- At the time of site visit to the upstream area of Sedawgyi reservoir in May 2012, flow depth
at the upstream end of the reservoir became too shallow to go through by an engine boat,
and assistance was needed to draw the boat piling up on the sediment (refer to Photo 9.1-37).
At the end of the reservoir after passing Japan Gon Village, 3 to 4 m high sandbars on the
both sides were seen (refer to Photo 9.1-38).
- According to the Sedawgyi Sedimentation Report (hereinafter referred to as "ID Report")

made by Design Branch of ID and submitted to the main office of ID in October 2013, it
was concluded that no removal of sediment in the reservoir was necessary. And ID Report
suggested that cooperation with related authorities* was essential to reduce the
sedimentation. Furthermore, ID Report suggested that the irrigation outlet should be opened
and closed regularly for reducing sedimentation, and reservoir regulation should comply
with an operation manual.
* Such as Forest Department of MOECAF (Ministry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry)
Source: Site Visit Report, NEWJEC, January 2014 Source: Site Visit Report, NEWJEC, January 2014
Photo 9.1-37 River Condition just before Photo 9.1-38 Right Bank View Upstream of
Japan Gon Village as of May 28, 2012 Japan Gon Village as of May 28, 2012
- According to the ID report, sedimentation survey after the commencement of commercial

operation was conducted twice in 2002 and 2013. Based on survey result, stage storage

Chapter 9
capacity area curves (H-V-A curve) of the original, 2002 and 2013 were drawn (refer to Fig.
9.1-7). These curves appear to be strange, but if the curves of the original year could be
eliminated, figure would look natural, in other words, the curves of 2002 and 2013 show the
progress on accumulation of reservoir sedimentation.
Reservoir Area (km2)

45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
135
130
125
120
Reservoir WL (EL. m)
115
110
105
100
95
90
85
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
Capacity (million m3)
Capacity (Original) Capacity (2013) Capacity (2002)
Area (Original) Area(2013) Area (2002)

Source: Site Visit Report, NEWJEC, January 2014
Fig. 9.1-7 Stage Storage Capacity Area Curves of Sedawgyi Reservoir
Based on the above-mentioned data and information, JICA Survey Team interviewed to the
officials of ID (Sedaw office and Mandalay office) and conducted site reconnaissance by boat to
grasp the current situation and additional information regarding the sedimentation issues at
Sedawgyi Dam.
As a result of site reconnaissance by boat, river
condition around Japan Gon Village was not so
serious and water depth was enough for engine boat
although one sandbar was seen.
According to the officials of ID, latest sedimentation
survey was conducted in 2013 and cross sections for
sedimentation survey was shown in Fig. 9.1-4.
Although the stage storage capacity area curves of
the original, 2002 and 2013 were drawn, ID still uses
the original curve for their calculation. ID doesn't
have any plan for sedimentation countermeasures of Photo 9.1-39 Sandbar Located Around
Sedawgyi Dam based on the conclusion of ID Japan Gon Village as of February 24,
Report. 2016

Chapter 9
Identification of Rehabilitation Items
Based on the result of site investigation, the necessity of rehabilitation for civil facilities are
decided as showed in Sections 9.2.1 and 9.2.2. In addition to the necessity, the urgency is added in
the tables and the urgency is considered as described in Section 8.2 of Chapter 8.
Regarding civil facilities, no item was listed in the application for rehabilitation work of
Baluchaung No.1 HPP, however, based on the result of site reconnaissance as described in Section
9.1.1, it is recommended to replace or repair some items listed in Table 9.2-1.
Table 9.2-1 Screening Result of Civil Facilities at Baluchaung No.1 HPP

for the Rehabilitation Project
Hydropower Plant Baluchaung No.1 *1 Check items *2 Screening for the *3 Measures
*4 Urgency
Rehabilitation Project R :Replacement
✓ :Problem I :Urgent
Facilities/Equipment Civil Facilities NA :Not available II :Moderate
blank: No problem III :Minor
*1
Check item
trouble record
availability of
deterioration
Application
*2
*3
Screening
spare parts
Measures
*4
inspection
Components Remarks
Urgency
apparent
aged
(1) Dawtacha Intake Dam (DTC)

Main Dam (Embankment) NA NA C
Spillway and Intake NA NA C
Others Spillway NA   NA  A R II
Water level gauge Headrace NA  NA  A R II
Reservoir NA  NA  A R II
Rain gauge NA  NA  A R III
In case of rehabilitation, appropriate technology
DTC-BHP1 NA  NA B R III
shall be studied by communication expert.
Communication system DTC-MBY NA   NA B R III ditto
DTC-LKW NA   NA B R III ditto
Emergency Diesel Generator NA   NA  A R I
Waterway NA NA C
Side Spillway NA NA C
(3) Regulation Pondage (PDG)
Pondage NA NA C
Siphon Spillway NA NA C
Others Upstream #1 NA   NA  A R I
Water level gauge
Upstream #2 NA   NA  A R I
Urgent repair work is recommended to be
Fence around the pondage NA  NA B P III
carried out by EPGE.
Communication system PDG-BHP1 NA   NA  A R I
(4) Low Pressure Pipe Line NA NA C
(5) Surge Tank NA NA C
(6) Penstock NA NA C

Chapter 9
*1
Check item
trouble record
availability of
deterioration
Application
*2
*3
Screening
spare parts
Measures
*4
inspection
Components Remarks
Urgency
apparent
aged
(7) Powerhouse (BHP1)
Building NA NA C
Tailrace NA NA C
Others Water level gauge Tailrace NA   NA  A R I
Communication system BHP1-DTC NA  NA B R III
Steel Rolling Door NA   NA  A R III
Emergency Diesel Generator NA   NA  A R I Refer to "Relevant Substation and TL Facilities"
(8) Mobye Dam (MBY)
Main Dam (Embankment) NA NA C
Spillway and Navigation Lock NA  NA C
Others Water level gauge NA   NA  A R II
Rain gauge NA   NA  A R III
Communication system MBY-DTC NA   NA B R III
Others Water level gauge NA   NA  A R II
Rain gauge NA   NA  A R III
Communication system LKW-DTC NA   NA B R III
9.2.2 Sedawgyi HPP
Regarding civil facilities, no item was listed in the application for rehabilitation work of Sedawgyi
HPP, however, based on the result of site reconnaissance as described in Section 9.1.2, it is
recommended to replace or repair some items listed in Table 9.2-2.

Chapter 9
Table 9.2-2 Screening Result of Civil Facilities at Sedawgyi HPP for the Rehabilitation Project
Hydropower Plant Sedawgyi *1 Check items *2 Screening for the *3 Measures
*4 Urgency
Rehabilitation Project R :Replacement
✓ :Problem I :Urgent
Facilities/Equipment Civil Facilities NA :Not available II :Moderate
blank: No problem III :Minor
*1
Check item
trouble record
avairability of
deterioration
Application
*2
*3
Components Remarks
Screening
spare parts
Measures
*4
inspection
Urgency
apparent
(1) Concrete Dam aged
Power Dam body NA NA C
Dam Intake tower Breast wall NA   NA A P I Urgent repair work will be carried out by ID in June 2016.
Section (unit 1) Stoplog groove NA NA C
Gate groove NA NA NA B P I Site inspection shall be conducted in 2017.
Intake tower Breast wall NA NA C
(unit 2) Stoplog groove NA NA C
Gate groove NA NA NA B P I Site inspection shall be conducted in 2017.
Overflow Section Refer to "(4) Spillway"
Non Overflow Section NA NA C
Dam Crest NA NA C
Inspection Observation instruments NA   NA B R III Recommended to be rehabilitated by ID.
Gallery Drainage pump NA  NA B R III ditto
(2) Earthfill Dam
Upstream Slope NA  NA B P III Recommended to be rehabilitated by ID.
Downstream Slope NA  NA B P II ditto
Dam Crest NA NA C
(3) Rockfill Dam
Downstream Slope NA NA C
Dam Crest NA NA C
(4) Spillway Spillway gate No.1 and No.7 had a gate opening problem,
Inlet NA NA C however, No.7 was checked and repaired by ID in June 2016.
Therefore repair work of spillway gates is out of future
Spillway Crest NA NA C rehabilitation menu because 6 gates (No.2 to No.7) are able
Chute NA NA C to fully open and have enough discharging capacity for
Energy Dissipator (Apron) NA NA C designed flood operation.
(5) Penstock NA NA C
(6) Powerhouse
Building NA  NA C
Tailrace NA NA C
Water level For efficient hydropower generation, additional installation is
Others Reservoir NA   NA A A II
gauge recommended.
Tailrace NA   NA A A II ditto
(7) Left Saddle Dam
Upstream Slope NA NA C
Dam Crest NA  NA B P III Recommended to be rehabilitated by ID.
Dam Crest NA  NA B P III Recommended to be rehabilitated by ID.
(9) Reservoir
Watershed NA NA C
Sedimentation NA  C

Chapter 9
Basic Design on Rehabilitation of Civil Facilities
(1) Item for Basic Design
According to the screening result of "A" and "B" listed in Table 9.2-1, EPGE and JICA Survey
Team had a series of discussions from May to September 2016 regarding the target
facilities/equipment of Baluchaung No.1 HPP to be rehabilitated.
Finally EPGE and JICA Survey Team decided and agreed the rehabilitation item of civil facilities
for Baluchaung No.1 HPP as shown in Table 9.3-1.
Table 9.3-1 Agreed Civil Facilities at Baluchang No.1 HPP for the Rehabilitation Project
Hydropower Plant Baluchaung No.1 *1 Screening for the *2 Measures *3 Urgency

Rehabilitation Project R :Replacement I :Urgent
A :Required P :Repair II :Moderate
Facilities/Equipment Civil Facilities
B :Recommended A :Addition III :Minor
Screening Result
Screening*1
Measures *2
EPGE
*3
Components Final Decision

Urgency
Approval
(1) Dawtacha Intake Dam (DTC)

Main Dam (Embankment) C
Spillway and Intake C
Others Spillway A R II No, not replace (use staff gauge) No replace
Water level gauge Headrace A R II Yes, replace To be replaced
Reservoir A R II Yes, replace To be replaced
Rain gauge A R III No, not replace No replace
DTC-BHP1 B R III No, not replace To be replaced (refer to Chapter 10)
Communication system DTC-MBY B R III No, not replace To be replaced (refer to Chapter 10)
DTC-LKW B R III No, not replace No replace
Emergency Diesel Generator A R I No, not replace (transfer existing one) No replace
Waterway C
Side Spillway C
(3) Regulation Pondage (PDG)
Pondage C
Siphon Spillway C
Others Upstream #1 A R I Yes, replace (no need communication) To be replaced (stand-alone type)
Water level gauge
Upstream #2 A R I No, not replace No replace
Fence around the pondage B P III Repaired by EPGE's budget
Communication system PDG-BHP1 A R I No, not replace No replace
(4) Low Pressure Pipe Line C
(5) Surge Tank C
(6) Penstock C
(7) Powerhouse (BHP1)
Building C
Tailrace C
Others Water level gauge Tailrace A R I No, not replace (use existing one) No replace
Communication system BHP1-DTC B R III No, not replace To be replaced (refer to Chapter 10)
Steel Rolling Door A R III No, not replace No replace
Emergency Diesel Generator A R I Yes, replace (300kVA) To be replaced (refer to Chapter 7)

Chapter 9
Screening Result
*1
Measures *2
EPGE
Screening
Urgency*3
Approval
(8) Mobye Dam (MBY)

Main Dam (Embankment) C
Spillway and Navigation Lock C
Others Water level gauge A R II Yes, replace To be replaced
Rain gauge A R III Yes, replace To be replaced
Communication system MBY-DTC B R III No, not replace To be replaced (refer to Chapter 10)
Others Water level gauge A R II No, not replace To be replaced
Rain gauge A R III No, not replace No replace
Communication system LKW-DTC B R III No, not replace To be replaced (refer to Chapter 10)
(10) Spare Parts
Water level gauge To be prepared (3 sets)
In the table, hatched item are considered for basic design, however, EDG of powerhouse is
described in Chapter 7 and communication facilities are described in Chapter 10.
(2) Water Level Gauge
According to Table 9.3-1, five (5) water level gauges as shown below are agreed for the
replacement. In addition three (3) sets of water level gauges will be prepared as spare parts.
Considering the exchangeability, transistor pressure type is adopted for all water level gauges
including those as spare parts.
1) Dawtacha Intake Dam (DTC)
a) Headrace
Type: Transistor Pressure Type
Measuring Range: EL.868.00 m to EL.873.00 m (5.00 m)
Observation Point: Dawtacha Control Station
(Cable Length: 100 to 120 m)
Display: 5 digits (Ex. 870.02)
b) Reservoir
Observation Point: Dawtacha Control Station
2) Regulation Pondage (PDG)
a) Upstream #1

Chapter 9
Observation Point: Valve House

3) Mobye Dam (MBY)

Observation Point: Remote Control Station
4) Loikaw City Gauging Station (LKW)

Observation Point: Observation House
(3) Rain Gauge
According to Table 9.3-1, one (1) rain gauge as shown below is agreed for the replacement.
1) Mobye Dam (MBY)

Type: Tipping Bucket Type
Measuring Range: 000.0 mm to 999.5 mm
(4) Deselected Item
According to Table 9.3-1, below item are deselected from the rehabilitation item as a result of
discussions.
1) Dawtacha Intake Dam (DTC)
a) Water Level Gauge (Spillway)

EPGE will prefer to utilize a staff gauge, which has been installed after the trouble of water
level gauge, for the monitoring of water level.
b) Rain Gauge
EPGE will abandon to observe rainfall data at Dawtacha.
c) Communication System (DTC-LKW)

EPGE will prefer to utilize mobile phone for the communication between Dawtacha and
Loikaw city gauging station.
d) Emergency Diesel Generator

EPGE will transfer existing EDG (150 kVA), which will be replaced to new one (refer to

Chapter 9
Chapter 7), from the powerhouse to Dawtacha.
2) Regulation Pondage (PDG)
a) Water Level Gauge (Upstream #2)

EPGE will be enough to utilize only one (1) water level gauge (upstream #1) for the
monitoring of water level.
b) Fence around the Pondage

EPGE will repair damaged fence by their budget.
c) Communication System (PDG-BHP1)

Observed data of water level gauge (upstream #1) will be recorded by EPGE staff at the
valve house instead of automatic data transmission.
3) Powerhouse (BHP1)
a) Water Level Gauge (Tailrace)

EPGE will use up existing one until its lifetime.
b) Steel Rolling Door

EPGE will use up existing one until its lifetime.
4) Loikaw City Gauging Station (LKW)
a) Rain Gauge
EPGE will receive rainfall data which is observed by other authority/organization in
Loikaw city.
9.3.2 Sedawgyi HPP
(1) Item for Basic Design
According to the screening result of "A" and "B" listed in Table 9.2-2, EPGE and JICA Survey
Team had a series of discussions from May to September 2016 regarding the target
facilities/equipment of Sedawgyi HPP to be rehabilitated.
Finally EPGE and JICA Survey Team decided and agreed the rehabilitation item of civil facilities
for Sedawgyi HPP as shown in Table 9.3-2.

Chapter 9
Table 9.3-2 Agreed Civil Facilities at Sedawgyi HPP for the Rehabilitation Project
Hydropower Plant Sedawgyi *1 Screening for the *2 Measures *3 Urgency

Rehabilitation Project R :Replacement I :Urgent
A :Required P :Repair II :Moderate
Facilities/Equipment Civil Facilities B :Recommended A :Addition III :Minor
Screening Result
*1
*2
EPGE
Screening
Measures
*3
Urgency
Approval
(1) Concrete Dam

Power Dam body C
Dam Intake tower Breast wall A P I ID's contermeasure is necessary.
Section (unit 1) Stoplog groove C
Gate groove B P I Site inspection shall be conducted in 2017.
Intake tower Breast wall C
(unit 2) Stoplog groove C
Gate groove B P I Site inspection shall be conducted in 2017.
Overflow Section
Non Overflow Section C
Dam Crest C
Inspection Observation instruments B R III ID's matter
Gallery Drainage pump B R III ditto
(2) Earthfill Dam
Upstream Slope B P III ID's matter
Downstream Slope B P II ditto
Dam Crest C
(3) Rockfill Dam
Downstream Slope C
Dam Crest C
(4) Spillway ID's matter
(rehabilitation work for gate No.1)
Inlet C
Spillway Crest C
Chute C
Energy Dissipator (Apron) C
(5) Penstock C
(6) Powerhouse
Building C
Tailrace C
Others Water level Reservoir A A II Yes, additionally install To be additionally installed
gauge Tailrace A A II Yes, additionally install To be additionally installed
(7) Left Saddle Dam
Upstream Slope C
Downstream Slope C
Dam Crest B P III ID's matter
Downstream Slope C
Dam Crest B P III ID's matter
(9) Reservoir
Watershed C
Sedimentation C

Chapter 9
(2) Water Level Gauge
According to Table 9.3-2, two (2) water level gauges as shown below are agreed for additional
installation.
1) Powerhouse
a) Reservoir
Observation Point: Control Room
b) Tailrace
Observation Point: Control Room
(3) Deselected Item
According to Table 9.3-2, below item, which are under the jurisdiction of ID, are deselected from
the rehabilitation item as a result of discussions with EPGE. In addition, JICA Study Team had an
opportunity to discuss with ID regarding this issue particularly for maintenance gate, penstock gate
and spillway gate only.
1) Concrete Dam
a) Breast Wall at the Intake Tower for Unit 1 (Part of Maintenance Gate)
ID planned to rehabilitate in June 2016, however, they could not conduct rehabilitation
works because of high water level of reservoir (refer to 1), (1) of Section 9.1.2).
b) Gate Grooves at the Intake Tower for Unit 1 and Unit 2 (Part of Penstock Gate)
Necessity of rehabilitation will be studied through site investigation by the Consultants
during preliminary design stage of the Project.
c) Observation Instruments at the Inspection Gallery
d) Drainage Pump at the Inspection Gallery
2) Earthfill Dam
a) Upstream Slope
b) Downstream Slope

Chapter 9
3) Rockfill Dam
a) Upstream Slope
4) Spillway
a) Spillway Gate No.1

ID will conduct repair works after rainy season in 2016 (refer to (4) of Section 9.1.2).
5) Left Saddle Dam
a) Dam Crest
6) Right Saddle Dam
a) Upstream Slope
b) Dam Crest

Chapter 10
Final Report Rehabilitation of Communication Facilities
CHAPTER 10
REHABILITATION OF COMMUNICATION FACILITIES

Chapter 10
Chapter 10 Rehabilitation of Communication Facilities
As there are some facilities such as Mobye, Dawtacha and Baluchaung No.1 HPP (Hydropower Plant)
connected by communication system, rehabilitation plan for communication facilities is prepared in this
chapter.
Method, Result of Site Reconnaissance and Issues
As a result of inspection in the filed in Baluchaung HPP (Hydropower Plant), both radio (analogue
voice communication on VHF (Very High Frequency) band) and wired (PLC: Power Line
Communication) are out of service, except for one hop between Dawtacha and Baluchaung No.1
HPP, because of equipment damage caused by aging and lightning strike (refer to the following
figure).
Fig. 10.1-1 Current Situation of Communication System surrounding Baluchaung No.1 HPP
Identification of Rehabilitation of Communication System
For all equipment delivered in 1988, vendor support period has been expired, it is impossible to
replace with spare parts.
Basic Design of Communication System
Since system design is determined as reasonable for radio, refreshment of equipment with the same
system parameters (e.g. transmission power, frequency) is recommended. The following hardware
are recommended to be refreshed (replaced) strongly;
 Radio transceiver (4 sets in total)

 Yagi Antenna (4 sets in total)
 Feeder lines (4 sets in total)
 Arrester (4 sets in total)
Wired (PLC) communication part was excluded from rehabilitation target this time, since any
equipment with the same specification are not procurable from the market.

Chapter 10
Rehabilitation of Communication Facilities Final Report
(1) Radio System Configuration
Radio Link System in Baluchaung No.1 Hydropower Plant is described as following;
Fig. 10.3-1 Radio Link System surrounding Baluchaung No. 1 HPP
Fig. 10.3-2 Location of Communication Facilities

Chapter 10
(2) Estimate Diagram
Estimate Diagrams of Radio link for 2 hops as bellow. No site is within the line of sight.
Moby e Frequenc y (MH z ) = 170.0 D aw ta-C ha
Latitude 019 46 57 N K = 1.33 Latitude 019 38 52 N
Longitude 097 05 22 E %F1 = 60.00 Longitude 097 17 12 E
Az imuth 125.82° Az imuth 305.89°
Elev ation 880 m ASL Elev ation 873 m ASL
Antenna C L 10.0 m AGL Antenna C L 10.0 m AGL
950
940
930
920
Elevation (m)
910
900
890
880
10 12 14 16
8 18
6 20
4
22
2
870 24
0
Path length (25.49 k m)
7 01 16
Fig. 10.3-3 Estimate Diagram between Mobye and Dawtacha
D aw ta-C ha Frequenc y (MH z ) = 170.0 N o.1 H PP

Latitude 019 38 52 N K = 1.33 Latitude 019 34 09 N
Longitude 097 17 12 E %F1 = 60.00 Longitude 097 18 56 E
Az imuth 160.71° Az imuth 340.72°
Elev ation 874 m ASL Elev ation 797 m ASL
Antenna C L 10.0, 10.0 m AGL Antenna C L 10.0, 10.0 m AGL
880
870
860
850
Elevation (m)
840
830
820
810
800
790
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 1 9
Path length (9.19 k m)
7 01 16
Fig. 10.3-4 Estimate Diagram between Dawtacha and Baluchaung No.1 HPP

Chapter 10
(3) Radio Network Design
Radio Network Design Result for 2 hops are described as following. As the transmission margin
is secured more than 10dB for both hop, Radio links are found to be operative. Parameter (e.g.
transmission power, frequency) for Radio link is not needed.
Table 10.3-1 Radio Network Design Sheet (between Mobye and Dawtacha)
Unit Value
Distance km 25.5
Frequency MHz 170.0
Transmitter W 10.0
(1) Transmitter Power
Side dB 40.0
(2) Antenna Gain dBi 10
(3) Feeder Loss dB 2.6
(4) Loss in Duplexer and Arrester dB 4.5
(5) Equivalent isotropic radiated power dBm 42.9
Receiver (6) Antenna Gain dBi 10
side
(9) Total Gain in Receiver side dB 2.9
Propagation (10) Free space propagation loss dB 105.1
loss
(11) Spherical earth shielding loss dB 8.0
(12) Total Propagation loss dB 113.1
Evaluation (13) Total Receive Power dBm -67.3
(14) Total Noise dBm -115.2
(15) Required S/N dB 33.3
(16) Required Receive Power dBm -81.9
(17) Transmission Margin dB 14.6

Chapter 10
Table 10.3-2 Radio Network Design Sheet (between Dawtacha and Baluchaung No.1 HPP)
Unit Value
Distance km 9.2
Frequency MHz 170.0

Transmitter W 10.0
Side (1) Transmitter Power
dB 40.0
(2) Antenna Gain dBi 10
(5) Equivalent isotropic radiated power dBm 42.9

Receiver (6) Antenna Gain dBi 10
side
(9) Total Gain in Receiver side dB 2.9

Propagation (10) Free space propagation loss dB 96.3
loss
(11) Spherical earth shielding loss dB 6.0
(12) Total Propagation loss dB 102.3

Evaluation (13) Total Receive Power dBm -66.5
(14) Total Noise dBm -115.2
(15) Required S/N dB 33.3
(16) Required Receive Power dBm -81.9
(17) Transmission Margin dB 25.4
<Calculation Formula>
(5) = (1) + (2) – (3) – (4) (9) = (6) – (7) – (8)
(12) = (10) + (11) (13) = (5) + (9) – (12)
(16) = (14) + (15) (17) = (13) – (16)

Chapter 10
Verification of Radio Link Design by Field Measurement
(1) Purpose of Measurement
To check the validity of Radio link design for the link between Mobye and Dawtacha (slant
distance 25.52 km), field measurement test was executed in Pekon village, where is the way point
between Mobye and Dawtacha. Checking the validation between the simulated receiving level and
the measured receiving level, reliability of Radio link design is confirmed.
(2) System Configuration for Measurement
The following equipment’s were used for field measurement. Because of short leading time,
measurement equipment (e.g. Spectrum Analyzer) was not ready to use, that’s why the commercial
shore digital television tuner and SDR (Software Definition Radio) were used for measurement
this time.
Table 10.4-1 Measurement Equipment for Field Survey

Part Item Description Purpose
Yagi Antenna Gain 4dBi. To be able to use for

Antenna
(3 elements, 140 ~ 160MHz) 170MHz with lower gain.
Feeder COAX cable (10m)
USB extension cable (1.5m) was

USB type shore digital
Receiver DS-DT305BK used to avoid interference from
television tuner
Note PC
HDSDR (one of the Software After decoding narrow band FM,
Measurement
HDSDR Definition Radio) installed on voice quality and receiving level
Equipment
Note PC were monitored
For the measurement, Note PC on which SDR software is installed and USB type receiver were
installed in the vehicle, Yagi antenna connected via COAX cable was installed out of vehicle at
3m height. After setting antenna azimuth to the direction of transmission site (Dawtacha), narrow
band FM signal was sent from Dawtacha. After decoding signal using SDR, voice quality and
receiving level were monitored. Because of radio license limitation, no signal was sent from
measurement vehicle side. This measurement was performed in 16 points in total. Measurement
system configuration was described in the following figure;

Chapter 10
Fig. 10.4-1 Configuration of Field Survey
Photo 10.4-1 Measurement Point 6
Photo 10.4-2 Measurement Point 8 Photo 10.4-3 Measurement Point 2

Chapter 10
(3) Field Measurement Result
Measured receiving level and calculated receiving level (simulated by Mobile Radio) are
summarized in the following table. Measured receiving level is higher than calculated receiving
level (“delta” in the table, 16dB in average), this is simply because calibration of measurement
system was not executed at this time. Measured data where delta is higher than 21dB or lower than
11dB is need to be focused. Since all points whose delta is higher than 21dB (Point 1, 4, 10, 11, 12
and 16) were located in the rice field without any obstacle, reflected wave from rice field might be
the contributor of high receiving level. On the other hand, since all points whose delta is lower
than 11dB (Point 7, 8 and 14) were located in the densely-populated place with high trees, loss by
those tree or houses might be the obstacle of radio signal.
Table 10.4-2 Comparison between Field Survey Record and Simulated Value by Software
Slant
Measured Simulated
Point distance from Altitude
Longitude Latitude Voice Quality RSSI RSSI delta
Name Dawtacha [m]
[dBm] [dBm]
[km]
0 9.74 19°40′44.21″ 97°11′10.57″ 883.7 Good -96.1 -111.7 15.6
1 11.72 19°41′15.70″ 97°10′59.14″ 876.2 Good -99.3 -120.7 21.4
2 12.53 19°41′42.99″ 97°10′41.40″ 876.7 Good -103.6 -121.0 17.4
3 13.44 19°42′06.83″ 97°10′18.86″ 875.8 Good -103.6 -122.4 18.8
4 14.37 19°42′31.09″ 97°09′56.14″ 878.1 Good -102.6 -124.3 21.7
5 15.32 19°42′54.44″ 97°09′32.57″ 876.0 Good -110.4 -125.2 14.8
6 16.28 19°43′18.56″ 97°09′09.28″ 875.9 Good -112.0 -122.3 10.3
7 17.20 19°43′31.29″ 97°08′38.33″ 878.9 Very poor -117.2 -122.2 5.0
8 18.13 19°43′50.47″ 97°08′15.54″ 877.7 Cannot hear -117.3 -121.7 4.4
9 18.96 19°44′07.38″ 97°07′53.04″ 879.1 Good -103.2 -120.6 17.4
10 20.08 19°44′33.29″ 97°07′24.59″ 877.3 Poor -102.9 -123.6 20.7
11 20.85 19°44′52.05″ 97°07′05.81″ 879.5 Good -102.2 -123.5 21.3
12 22.37 19°44′37.81″ 97°05′56.39″ 875.6 Good -107.5 -127.7 20.2
14 24.13 19°45′10.72″ 97°05′06.59″ 913.5 Good -104.9 -112.0 7.1
16 25.79 19°46′13.56″ 97°04′39.63″ 936.2 Very poor -107.8 -130.8 23.0
Mobye 25.52 19°46′55.19″ 97°05′22.16″ 887.3 Poor -107.4 -124.3 16.9
Average 16.0
In the following graph, the above result is shown as plot graph. X axle is the slant distance from
Dawtacha, and X axle is the receiving level. Blue points represent measured value, and orange
points represent simulated level. Dot lines are linear approximated curve both for measurement
value and simulated value. In the following figure, measured level is plotted on the map.

Chapter 10
Simulated RSSI and Measured RSSI

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00
-90.0
-95.0
-100.0
-105.0
-110.0
-115.0
-120.0
-125.0
-130.0
Measured Simulated 線形 (Measured 線形 (Simulated

-135.0
RSSI[dBm] RSSI[dBm] RSSI[dBm]) RSSI[dBm])
Fig. 10.4-2 Simulated RSSI and Measured RSSI
Fig. 10.4-3 Track Record of Field Survey

Chapter 10
(4) Conclusion
Though the actual measured level varies from simulated level, since clutter data (e.g. bare ground,
forest, rice field, etc.) is not considered in the simulation using Mobile Radio, the simulated value
is acceptable. Especially in Mobye where the Radio Station is located, delta between the simulated
level and the measured level is 16.5dB, which is almost the same as the average validation (16dB).
It can be concluded that Radio link design result using simple simulator is reliable. Additionally,
in the commercial system, antenna height is higher that this time (3m  15m), and antenna gain
is much higher than this time (4dBi→8dBi), the actual receiving level in Mobye is expected to be
5dB higher than measured value. As conclusion, radio parameter update (transmission power,
frequency, bandwidth, etc.) is not needed after hardware rehabilitation.
Recommended Specification
(1) Radio Equipment
The recommended specification of radio equipment after rehabilitation is summarized as following

table. In term of radio specifying, specification after rehabilitation is almost equal as that before
rehabilitation. In term of environmental specification, much higher (stronger)
waterproof/dustproof specification is required, specifically IP54 level at least.
Table 10.5-1 Specification for Communication Facilities

Transmitter Receiver Remark
Physical Specification
Dimensions less than 50x180x150mm HxWxL
Weight less than 2kg
Environmental Specification
Operating Temperature -10°C / +60°C
Storage Temperature -10°C / +80°C
Thermal Shock US MIL-STD-810G
Humidity US MIL-STD-810G
Dust and Water proof IP54 or US MIL-STD-810G
Radio Specification
Frequency Secured for fixed radio in
165-175MHz
Myanmar
Channel Spacing 12.5kHz
Frequency Stability -30°C, +60°C, +25°C
±0.5ppm
(Reference)
Transmission Power 10W N/A
Receiving Sensitivity N/A -117dBm (Analogue)
-119dBm(Digital)
S/N Ratio N/A -40dB FM, 12.5kHz
Conducted Spurious Emission -57dBm -36dBm < 1GHz
-30dBm < 1GHz
Spurious Rejection N/A 75dB
Modulation Scheme
Analogue Modulation Narrowband FM
Digital Modulation 4FSK
Digital Protocol ETSI TS 102 361-1,-2,-3
(2) Antenna
Yagi antenna with 5 or 8 elements (vertical polarization, more than 8dBi gain) is recommended.

Chapter 11 Power System Analysis
Final Report for required Expansion of Transmission Line
CHAPTER 11
POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS FOR REQUIRED

EXPANSION OF TRANSMISSION LINE

Chapter 11 Power System Analysis for required Expansion

of Transmission Line
Existing System and the Issues
11.1.1 Outline
On the relevant transmission line and substation facilities which are not installed in the target power
stations in the project, necessity for their expansion will be checked to the system reliability in
order to apply Japanese ODA (Official Development Assistance).
The scope of relevant transmission line and substation facilities is shown in Fig. 11.1-1.
Baluchaung No.1 HPP (Hydropower Plant)

• Baluchaung No.1 HPP ~ Baluchaung No.2 HPP (132kV)
• Baluchaung No.2 HPP ~ Taungoo S/S (substation) (230kV)
Sedawgyi HPP
• Sedawgyi HPP ~ Belin S/S (132kV)
The viability of power transmission generated by the target existing power stations will be
confirmed by of power system analysis. In the analysis, power flow, power system stability,
transmission loss is to be simulated and checked in order to check the power transmission stability
in the case of transmission line faults. The simulation tool is PSS/E* which is used all over the
world.
* PSS/E: Power Transmission System Planning Software
Difficulty of the power transmission generated by the existing facilities is identified, the optimal
power system expansion scenario will be proposed out of the alternative expansion scenarios from
the viewpoint of reliability, economy and environment.
In the existing system as of 2016 year, generation power of Baluchaung No.1 HPP is transmitted
to Baluchaung No.2 HPP, where two routes of 230kV T/L (transmission line) and one route of
132kV T/L are connected. One route of 230 kV T/L is for Taungoo S/S, and the other route is for
Shwemyo S/S, which will start operation soon. The route of 132kV T/L is for Tigyit TPP (Thermal
Power Plant) via Loikaw S/S. The existing power system is shown in Fig. 11.1-2. As the rated
capacity of Baluchaung No.1, No.2 and No.3 HPPs, and the transmission capacity of T/L are shown
in Fig. 11.1-2, the capacity of 230kV T/L for Taungoo is 211MW, whose capacity is usually less
than total capacity of 248MW of Baluchaung HPPs. Therefore, 132kV bus of Baluchaung No.2
HPP is usually separated in operation, and the generation power of Baluchaung No.2 HPP is
transmitted by 230kV T/L and the generation power of Baluchaung No.1 and No.3 HPPs is
transmitted by 132 kV T/L.
As of 2020 year as shown in Fig. 11.1-3, Tigyit TPP is planned to be rehabilitated and the
generation power will be increased to 120MW. As the result, the generation power of Baluchaung
No.1 and No.3 HPPs cannot be transmitted by 132kV T/L and the generation power must be
transmitted by two routes of 230kV T/L. But when the 230kV T/L for Shwemyo is tripped by fault,
the rested 230kV T/L for Taungoo will be overloaded. Therefore one more route of 230kV is
necessary for transmitting Baluchaung No.1, No.2, and No.3 HPPs. On the other hand, when the
132kV T/L between Tigyit TPP and Kalaw S/S is tripped by fault, over load of T/L will not happen.

for required Expansion of Transmission Line Final Report
Baluchaung
No.1
Scope of relevant Transmission Line and Substation Facilities

Sedawgyi
Fig. 11.1-1

Shwemyo S/S
230kV (Capacity：
132kV 60MW
79MW/1cct)
80MW
66kV
(Capacity: Tykyit P/S 5MW
Operation
358MW/cct)
S
108MW 0MW
(Capacity: 65MW
211MW/cct)
(Operation Start
2016,soon)
Loikaw S/S
BJC. No.2 P/S 10MW
BLC Total Power Generation 248MW 75MW

161MW
×
7MW
Taungoo S/S 2MW 3MW
S
BLC. No.2 BLC. No.1 BLC. No.3

S
S
28MW×6 14MW×2 26MW×2
Fig. 11.1-2 Power System surrounding Baluchaung HPPs (as of Year 2015)
In conclusion, one more route of 230kV is necessary for transmitting Baluchaung No.1, No.2, and
No.3 HPPs as of 2020 year.
Kalaw S/S
Shwemyo S/S 230kV
132kV ②
(Capacity: 86MW (usual)
80MW
66kV 79MW/cct
/86MW (fault②)
(Capacity: ×1.1=87MW)
Operation
358MW/cct
①
×1.1=394MW)
Tykyit P/S
5MW
163MW(usual) / 243MW(fault①)
S
(Capacity: 29MW
211MW/cct
×1.1=232MW) 120MW
Loikaw S/S
BJC. No.2 P/S 20MW
243MW BLC Total Power Generation 248MW

×
9MW
Taungoo S/S 2MW 3MW
S
BLC. No.1 BLC. No.2 BLC. No.3

S
14MW×2 28MW×6 26MW×2
Fig. 11.1-3 Power System surrounding Baluchaung HPPs (as of Year 2020)

Sedawgyi HPP is connected by two 132kV T/L, one T/L is for Belin S/S which is located at
Mandalay area via Aungpinale S/S and Tagundine S/S, and the other T/L is for Letpanhla S/S
which is located at the northern area (refer to Annex 11). Based on results of power system analysis
(refer to Section 11.3.3), the generation power of Sedawgyi HPP can be transmitted by the existing
power system.
In conclusion, the expansion of power system surrounding Sedawgyi HPP is not necessary.
On the other hand, there was EPGE (Electric Power Generation Enterprise) request for the short
circuit current study and necessity study of shunt reactor of Sedawgyi HPP. Therefore, the power
system analysis is carried out. As the result, the short circuit current is under general short capacity
of circuit breaker, and the shunt reactor is not necessary for Sedawgyi HPP. (refer to Annex 11)

Power System Expansion Scenario
11.2.1 Preparation of the Power System Expansion Scenario around Baluchaung No.1
Hydropower Plant
Based on the issue of existing power system surrounding Baluchaung HPPs, five scenarios are
settled. The name of each scenario is Scenario A, B, C, C’ and C”.
On Scenarios A and B, one more route of 230 kV T/L is expanded between Baluchaung No.2 HPP
and neighboring 230 kV substations.
On Scenario C, in the case of difficulty of one more route of 230 kV T/L, by supplying Baluchaung
HPPs generation power to the near upgraded substation, the generation power can be transmitted
by existing T/Ls.
Scenario C’ and C” are the optional scenarios of Scenario C considering economic viewpoints.
Scenario A: Expansion of 230kV T/L 1cct 159km Baluchaung 2 HPP - Taungoo S/S
Scenario B: Expansion of 230kV T/L 1cct 193.1km Baluchaung 2 HPP - Shwemyo S/S
Scenario C: Expansion of 230kV T/L 1cct 20km Baluchaung 2 HPP - Loikaw S/S
Scenario C’: Expansion of 132kV T/L 1cct 15km Baluchaung 1 HPP - Loikaw S/S
Scenario C”: Expansion of 33kV D/L* 1cct 20km Baluchaung 2 HPP - Loikaw S/S
*D/L : Distribution Line
Each scenario and the evaluation are precisely described in Annex 11.
For Scenario C-C”, these are studied as an alternative plan in case of the difficulty of Scenario A
and B implementation.
In conclusion, these scenarios are desirable to be considered for the future countermeasure.

Power System Analysis
11.3.1 Outline
The feasibility of power transmission generated by the target power plants, Baluchaung No.1 HPP
and Sedawgyi HPP, are confirmed by means of power system analysis. Power flow analysis, power
system stability analysis and transmission loss analysis, are carried out. Power flow of each T/L
and voltage of each substation or power plants is to be simulated and checked for the power system
surrounding Baluchaung No.1 HPP and Sedawgyi HPP by the power flow analysis. Transient
stability is simulated and checked in the case of the T/L faults to Baluchaung No.1 HPP and
Sedawgyi HPP by power system stability analysis. Comparison of transmission loss among
expansion scenarios of power system surrounding Baluchaung HPPs are also carried out in
transmission loss analysis.
Power system analysis is based on the data obtained from PSD (Power System Department) and
future system data until 2020 year is obtained from Department of Power Transmission Project
(PTP). The analysis is carried out as of 2020 year. Substation load as of 2020 is based on
Myanmar’s master plan data by MOEE (Ministry of Electricity and Energy) and JICA (Japan
International Cooperation Agency) (2015). The power system analysis tool is PSS/E which is used
all over the world.
(1) Power flow analysis result
For existing system surrounding Baluchaung HPPs, power flow analysis is shown in Fig. 11.3-1.
230kV T/L between Baluchaung No.2 P/S and Taungoo S/S is the bottleneck T/L in the case of the
230kV T/L fault between Baluchaung No.2 and Shwemyo S/S as mentioned in Section 11.1.2.
For expansion scenarios of power system surrounding Baluchaung HPPs, power flow analysis is
carried out and there are no bottleneck T/L and no over or under voltage bus (±5%). (refer to Annex
11)
In conclusion, there is no issue for each expansion scenario on the viewpoint of power flow
analysis.
(2) Power stability analysis result
For expansion scenarios of the power system surrounding Baluchaung HPPs, transient stability is
simulated and checked by causing the three phase short fault at the nearest T/L for 0.1 second
period (5 cycles) and opening the T/L. The time chart of the generator angle of Baluchaung No.1
HPP and the bus voltage of Baluchaung No.2 HPP are referred to Annex 11. As the result, the
power system surrounding Baluchaung HPPs of each expansion scenario is estimated to be stable
on the viewpoint of power system stability.

Sedawgyi P/S
Baluchaung P/S
Fig. 11.3-1 Power Flow in Existing System as of 2020
(1) Power flow analysis result
For the existing power system surrounding Sedawgyi HPP, power flow analysis is carried out as
shown Fig. 11.3-1. There is no bottleneck T/L and no over or under voltage bus (±5%).
In conclusion, there is no issue for the existing power system surrounding Sedawgyi HPP on the
viewpoint of power flow analysis.

(2) Power stability analysis result
For the existing power system surrounding Sedawgyi HPP, transient stability is simulated and
checked by causing the three phase short fault at the nearest 132kV T/L for 0.1 second period (5
cycles) and opening the T/L. The time chart of the generator angle of Sedawgyi HPP and the bus
voltage of Aungpinale S/S and Sedawgyi HPP are referred to Annex 11. As the result, the existing
power system surrounding Sedawgyi HPP is estimated to be stable on the viewpoint of power
system stability.

Conclusion and Recommendations
11.4.1 Conclusion
Conclusions of Power system analysis results are as follows;
• JICA Survey Team prepared power system expansion scenarios surrounding Baluchaung HPPs,
which are studied based on power system analysis, economy and the feasibility. The scenarios
are desirable to be considered for the future countermeasure.
• Concerning to the surrounding power system of Sedawgyi HPP, there is no issue to transmit the
generation power by existing power system based on the power system analysis.

Site Reconnaissance of Relevant Substation and Transmission Line Facilities

outside Power Plants
11.5.1 Substation in the Baluchaung No.2 Hydropower Plant
(1) Site location
Baluchaung No.2 HPP is located about 20km southeast far from the Loikaw city the capital of the
Kayah State, and surrounded by mountains. Access road is paved with asphalt and part of this
road around the Lawpita is passing a mountain area. But, its accessibility from the Loikaw city is
generally fine.
In addition, Baluchaung No.2 HPP has a 230/132/33/11kV substation which is located beside the
HPP.
Source: Prepared by JICA Survey Team based on Google Earth
Fig. 11.5-1 Site Location of the Baluchaung HPPs and Loikaw S/S
(2) Substation facilities
The general configuration of substation facilities in the Baluchaung No.2 HPP are shown as
follows;
T/L bay
230kV (Under operation) : 1 bay (Taungoo line)
230kV (To be operated) : 1 bay (Shwemyo line)
230kV (Spare) : 4 bays
132kV (Under operation) : 4 bays (N/L × 2, BAL No.1 line and BAL No.3 line)
Busbar Configuration
230kV : Single bus
132kV : Double bus

Transformers
Main transformer : 132/11kV 10.3MW × 3 units × 6 banks
Booster transformer : 230/132kV 33.333MW × 3 units × 4 banks
(3) System configuration
Existing single line diagram of the Baluchaung No.2 HPP as of Jan. 2016 is shown as Fig. 11.5-2.
Usually, 132/11kV main transformers of unit No.1 and No.2 are connected to 132kV bus-C and
supplying its electricity to 33kV and 11kV local D/L through 132/33/11kV inter-bus transformer.
On the other hand, units No.3 to No.6 are connected to 132kV bus-B and supplying its electricity
to 230kV grid through the 132/230kV booster transformers and 230kV Taungoo T/L. The
Baluchaung No.2 HPP keeps this bus operation method usually. However, all main transformers
would be connected to 132kV bus-A in order to respond the demand situation.
EPGE has a plan to relocate T/L bays of northern line 1, northern line 2 and the Baluchaung No.1
HPP line. These three T/Ls will be shifted to existing T/L bay of the Baluchaung No.3 HPP side
for securing the space to install switchgears on primary side of booster transformer for the
Shwemyo line. Single line diagram of after relocation work is shown as Fig. 11.5-3.
Source: EPGE
Fig. 11.5-2 Existing Single Line Diagram of the Baluchaung No.2 HPP as of Jan. 2016

Source: EPGE
Fig. 11.5-3 Single Line Diagram of the Baluchaung No.2 HPP after Relocation Work
(4) Substation layout
The substation of the Baluchaung No.2 HPP is composed of fifteen 132kV bays and five 230kV
bays. Existing S/S layout is shown as Fig. 11.5-4. The following six bays are occupied as T/L
bay. And, there are four spare 230kV T/L bays in red hatching in Fig. 11.5-4.
: 132kV Baluchaung No.3 HPP line

: 132kV Baluchaung No.1 HPP line
: 132kV Northern line 1
: 132kV Northern line 2
: 230kV Taungoo line
: 230kV Shwemyo line
230kV to Shwemyo line is currently under construction and will start its operation in 2016. As
shown in single line diagram of Fig. 11.5-2 and Fig. 11.5-3, 230kV bus bar between the Taungoo
line and Shwemyo line is not connected due to a discrepancy of transformer impedance of each
booster transformers.
As described in the sub-section (3), EPGE has a plan to relocate 132kV T/L bays for the
Baluchaung No.1 HPP line, northern line 1 and northern line 2 which are shown as Fig. 11.5-5.
This relocation work will be done in order to secure the space for installation of switchgears on
primary side of booster transformer for the Shwemyo line.




 
Source: Prepared by JICA Survey Team
Fig. 11.5-4 Existing Substation Layout of the Baluchaung No.2 HPP as of Jan, 2016



 
* To be used for switchgears of

primary side on the booster
transformer.
Fig. 11.5-5 Substation Layout of the Baluchaung No.2 HPP (After relocation work)
(5) Protection scheme of 132kV T/L to Baluchaung No.1 HPP
Distance relays are equipped to existing protection panel as main protection and also back-up
protection. This protection scheme is same as existing protection panel in the Baluchaung No.1
HPP.
(6) Feasibility of T/L extension
As described in the previous section, there are four spare 230kV T/L bays in the S/S. Hence, it is
possible to install switchgear for new 230kV T/L. However, a land which is for construction of
new 230kV T/L is limited because of this S/S is located in bottom of valley and surrounded by

Baluchaung River, shallow stream and existing facilities. Therefore, further study is necessary
for an arrangement of T/L facilities.
132kV Baluchaung No.3 HPP line
Baluchaung River
Shallow stream
Fig. 11.5-6 Surrounding Situation of the Baluchaung No.2 HPP
132kV transmission line to Baluchaung No.3 HPP Baluchaung River
Shallow stream
Photo 11.5-1 Site Survey around the

Baluchaung No.2 HPP

(1) Site Location
As shown in Fig. 11.5-1, the Baluchaung No.1 HPP is located about 15km southeast far from the
Loikaw city, the capital of the Kayah State. Most of access road is paved with asphalt. Only a
road between the Baluchaung No.1 HPP and nearest main road is unpaved. But, its accessibility
from the Loikaw city is generally fine.
In addition, the Baluchaung No.1 HPP has a 132/11kV S/S which is located beside the HPP.
(2) S/S facilities
The general configuration of S/S facilities in the Baluchaung No.1 HPP are shown as follows;
T/L bay 132kV (Under operation) : 1 bay (BAL No.2 line)

Busbar Configuration 132kV : None
Transformers Main transformer : 132/11kV 10.333MW × 3 units × 1 bank
Existing single line diagram of the Baluchaung No.1 HPP is shown as Fig. 11.5-7. Units No.1
and No.2 generators are connected to the 132/11kV main transformer through 11kV bus and
supplying its electricity to 132kV grid and 11kV local D/L. And, there is no 132kV bus in the
S/S so that the main transformer is connected to the 132kV grid directly.
Source: EPGE
Fig. 11.5-7 Single Line Diagram of the Baluchaung No.1 HPP

(4) Substation layout
The S/S of the Baluchaung No.1 HPP is composed of one 132kV bay for the Baluchaung No.2
HPP line. Hence, there is no 132kV bus in the S/S so that there is no spare 132kV T/L bay.
Existing S/S layout is shown as Fig. 11.5-8.
Fig. 11.5-8 Substation Layout of the Baluchaung No.1 HPP
(5) Feasibility of transmission line extension
As described in the previous section, there is no spare 132kV T/L bay in the S/S. In case of extend
a T/L, 132kV bus and switchgear for T/L bay including additional line shall be added in the S/S.
Although, there is a space to extend the S/S to a guard house side. There is not enough space to
extend the S/S to powerhouse side. Furthermore, drastic arrangement change is required for
installation of additional S/S facilities. Therefore, it is not recommended to extend new 132kV
T/L.

Guard house
Unused space
Permission roadE
Fig. 11.5-9 Surrounding Situation of the Baluchaung No.1 HPP
Unused space Guard house
Premises road in front of power house

Photo 11.5-2 Site Survey around the Baluchaung No.1 HPP

11.5.3 Loikaw S/S
(1) Site location
As shown in Fig. 11.5-1, the Loikaw S/S is located about 5km southeast far from the Loikaw city,
the capital of the Kayah State. Access road is paved with asphalt. Its accessibility from the
Loikaw city is fine.
(2) Substation facilities
The general configuration of S/S facilities in the Loikaw S/S are shown as follows;
T/L bay 132kV (Under operation) : 4 bay (Baluchaung No.2 HPP line × 2,
Tigyit TPP line × 2)
Busbar Configuration 132V : Double bus
Transformers Main transformer : 132/33/11kV 50MVA × 1 bank
Existing single line diagram of the Loikaw S/S is shown as Fig. 11.5-10. There is one
132/33/11kV main transformer (50MVA) in the S/S. This main transformer is connected to 33kV
bus and 11kV bus and supplying its electricity to 33kV and 11kV local D/L.
Source: PTSCD
Fig. 11.5-10 Single Line Diagram of the Loikaw S/S

(4) S/S layout
The Loikaw S/S is composed of eight 132kV bays. Existing S/S layout is shown as Fig. 11.5-11.
132kV switchyard is consisted of four T/L bays and three switching bays and one spare bay as
follows.
: 132kV Baluchaung No.2 HPP line 1

: 132kV Baluchaung No.2 HPP line 2
: 132kV Tigyit TPP line 1
: 132kV Tigyit TPP line 2
: Switching bay to connect 132/33kV transformer
: Spare
: Switching bay to connect PT of bus (B)
: Switching bay to connect PT of bus (A) and bus coupler
Available space
Fig. 11.5-11 S/S Layout of the Loikaw S/S

As described in the previous section, there is one spare 132kV T/L bay in the S/S. However, the
spare bay seems to be used for switching bay of the 132/66kV transformer because of 132/66kV
transformer is located on the same line with the spare bay as Fig. 11.5-11. In case of the spare
bay will be used for 132/66kV transformer, extension of 132kV bus will be required for extension
of new 132kV T/L. There is an available space in opposite from control building side.
Therefore, it is assumed to be able to extend 132kV bus and new 132kV T/L.
In case of extension of 230kV T/L, space for construction of following six 230kV bays and
230/132kV transformer will be required. 230kV switchyard will be able to be constructed at the
available space in opposite from control building side. Furthermore, there are no obstacles
around the S/S so that even land extension seems to be possible. Therefore, it is assumed to be
able to extend new 230kV T/L.
: 230kV incoming Baluchaung No.2 HPP – Taungoo line bay

: 230kV outgoing Baluchaung No.2 HPP – Taungoo line bay
: 230kV incoming Baluchaung No.2 HPP – Shwemyo line bay
: 230kV outgoing Baluchaung No.2 HPP – Shwemyo line bay
: 230kV in coming Baluchaung No.2 HPP – Loikaw S/S bay
: 230kV switching bay for 230/132kV transformer
Source: PTSCD
Fig. 11.5-12 Surrounding Situation of the Loikaw Substation

11.5.4 Shwemyo S/S
(1) Site location
The Shwemyo S/S is located about 35km northeast far from the Naypyidaw city, the capital of
Myanmar. Access road is paved with asphalt. Its accessibility from the Naypyidaw city is fine.
Fig. 11.5-13 Site Location of the Shwemyo S/S
(2) S/S facilities
The general configuration of S/S facilities in the Shwemyo S/S are shown as follows;
T/L bay
230kV (Under operation) : 3 bay (Thazi line, Pyinmana line and Naypyidaw 2 line)
230kV (To be operated) : 1 bay (Baluchaung No.2 HPP line)
Busbar Configuration
230kV : Single bus
Transformers
Main transformer : 230/33/11kV 33.33MVA × 3 units × 1 bank
Phase modifier
Shunt reactor : 230kV 20Mvar × 1unit
Existing single line diagram of the Shwemyo S/S is shown as Fig. 11.5-14. There is one
230/33/11kV main transformer (33.33MVA × 3) in the S/S. Shunt reactor is connected to the 230kV
bus as a phase modifier. The 230kV Baluchaung No.2 HPP line is not shown in the single line

diagram, because this T/L is under construction and will start its operation in 2016.
Source: PTSCD
Fig. 11.5-14 Single Line Diagram of the Shwemyo S/S

(4) S/S layout
The Shwemyo S/S is composed of five 230kV bays. Existing S/S layout is shown as Fig. 11.5-15.
The 230kV switchyard consist of four T/L bays and one switching bay. There is no spare 230kV
T/L bay.
: 230kV Thazi line

: 230kV Pyinmana line
: 230kV Naypyidaw 2 line
: 230kV Baluchaung No.2 HPP line (Under construction)
: 230kV Shunt reactor
Available space 1
Available space 2
Available space 3
Fig. 11.5-15 Layout of the Shwemyo S/S

As described in the previous section, there is no spare 230kV transmission line bay in the substation.
On the other hand, the S/S has a lot of available spaces as blue hatching in Fig. 11.5-15. In case of
extension of T/L, one of these available space will be used for construction of additional T/L bay.
If additional 230kV Baluchaung No.2 HPP line will be constructed, the line route would be parallel
with existing Baluchaung No.2 HPP line which is currently under construction. It means that an
incoming line would be closer to available space 3. Existing 230kV bus can be extended from the
switching bay of shunt reactor. Therefore, it is possible to extend 230kV T/L.
Available space 3 Thazi line (Operation) Baluchaung No.2 HPP line
Existing dead-end towers besides the substation

Photo 11.5-3 Site Survey around the Shwemyo S/S

11.5.5 Taungoo S/S
(1) Site location
The Taungoo S/S is located about 5km south far from the Taungoo city in the Bago Region.
Access road is paved with asphalt and its accessibility from the Taungoo city is fine.
Fig. 11.5-16 Site Location of the Taungoo S/S
(2) S/S facilities
The general configuration of S/S facilities in the Taungoo S/S are shown as follows;
T/L bay
230kV (Under operation) : 5 bay (Thephyu line, Baluchaung No.2 HPP line,
Tharyargone 1 line, Tharyargone 2 line and
Thauk Ye Khat 2 line)
Bus bar Configuration

230kV : Single bus
Transformers
Main transformer : 230/33/11kV 20MVA × 3 units × 1 bank
Existing single line diagram of the Taungoo S/S is shown as Fig. 11.5-17. There is one
230/33/11kV main transformer (20MVA × 3) in the S/S. This main transformer is connected to
33kV bus and 33/11kV transformer and supplying its electricity to 33kV and 11kV local D/L.

Source: PTSCD
Fig. 11.5-17 Single Line Diagram of the Taungoo S/S
(4) S/S layout
The Taungoo S/S is composed of six 230kV bays. Existing S/S layout is shown as Fig. 11.5-18.
The 230kV switchyard is consisted of five T/L bays and one switching bay as follows. There is no
spare 230kV T/L bay.
: 230kV Thephyu line

: 230kV Baluchaung No.2 line
: 230kV Tharyargone line 1
: 230kV Tharyargone line 2
: 230kV Thauk Ye Khat line 2
: 230kV Switching bay to connect 230/33/11kV transformer

 

 
Fig. 11.5-18 Substation Layout of the Taungoo S/S
(5) Feasibility of T/L rehabilitation
PTSCD (Power Transmission and System Control Department) has a construction plan of 500kV
new Taungoo substation where is located about 10km northwest far from the Taungoo city.
Furthermore, PTSCD has a connection change plan of the existing Baluchaung No.2 HPP -
Taungoo T/L and Thephyu - Taungoo T/L shown as Fig. 11.5-19. According to this plan, these
230kV T/Ls will be connected to new 500kV Taungoo S/S. Hence, T/L bay for 230kV T/L
between Baluchaung No.2 HPP and Taungoo seems to be secured in the new 500kV Taungoo S/S.

To Thephyu S/S
To Baluchaung No.2 HPP
500kV
New Taungoo S/S
Existing
Taungoo S/S
Fig. 11.5-19 Connection Change Plan around Taungoo
Taungoo S/S (Existing) 230kV T/L around Taungoo S/S (Existing)

(to; right: Baluchaung No.2 HPP, left: Thephyu)
Planed construction site of New 500kV Taungoo S/S

Prepared by JICA Survey Team
Photo 11.5-4 Site Survey around the Taungoo S/S

Transmission Line Route
11.6.1 Transmission Line between Baluchaung No.2 Hydropower Plant - Taungoo S/S
(1) Existing T/L
230kV T/L between Baluchaung No.2 HPP - Taungoo S/S has been 56 years since its
commissioning in 1960. Most part of this T/L route is located in mountain side between the Loikaw
city and the Taungoo city along with a mountain pass. Outline of this T/L is shown as below;
• 230kV T/L; Baluchaung No.2 HPP - Taungoo S/S

Conductor type : ACSR 795MCM Drake
Number of bundle : Single bundle
Number of circuit : Single circuit
Distance : 154.5km
Commissioning year : 1960
Fig. 11.6-1 Location of Existing 230kV T/L; Baluchaung No.2 HPP - Taungoo S/S
(2) Fault records
Fault records in 2013 to 2015 are obtained from the Taungoo Table 11.6-1 Fault Records
T/L maintenance office. According to fault records, line in 2013 to 2015
faults occurred eighteen times in this three years. Cause of
faults are summarized in Table 11.6-1. Cause of fault Times
Forest fire smoke 10
Most of causes is not related to deterioration. Tree contact 5
Lightning stroke 2
(3) Maintenance records
Damage to insulators 1
Maintenance records in 2014 to 2016 are obtained from the total 18
Taungoo T/L maintenance office. Source: PTSCD
“Repairing of tower steel materials” and “Repairing of

insulator” seem to be caused by facility

Table 11.6-2 Maintenance Record in 2014 to 2016
deterioration. Furthermore, based on
results of interviews with maintenance Kind of maintenance Times
staffs from PTSCD, there was a
component wire broken of ground wire in Tree cutting and vegetation maintenance 25
the past years. The deterioration which Repairing of tower steel materials 1
corresponds its age have been found. Repairing of insulator 1
On the other hand, maintenance staffs total 27
from PTSCD can provide several kinds of Source: PTSCD
repairing works such as a replacement of
conductor and insulator, replacement of tower steel materials and repairing of stranded wire, etc.
Although this T/L has been 56 years, it has not led to fatal accident by a proper maintenance by
PTSCD.
(a) Replacement of insulator (b) Tower repairing

Source: PTSCD
Photo 11.6-1 Maintenance Work of T/L
(4) Considerations
It is said that landmines which are located in mountain area Table 11.6-3 Summery of List of
have been installed around existing towers to protect towers Collapsed Tower cause of Bombers
from insurgents. These landmines are still remaining and
surrounded by a fence. However, it is difficult to grasp Yea Times
location of each landmines exactly. 1960s 1
1970s 24
Furthermore, tower collapse caused by the bomb which was 1980s 10
installed by insurgents has also been recorded even in recent 1990s 7
years shown as Table 11.6-3. Therefore, even if 230kV
2000s 7
T/L between Baluchaung No.2 HPP and Taungoo S/S will
be rehabilitated, there is a possibility that the line might be 2010s 5
bombed again. total 54
Source: PTSCD
As described in previous section, there are considerations of landmine and bomb along with the
existing T/L. It seems to be not easy to secure its safety during rehabilitation as well as after
rehabilitation. Therefore, it is not recommended to implement rehabilitation in this time.

11.6.2 Balushaung No.2 Hydropower Plant - Shwemyo S/S
(1) Existing T/L
230kV T/L between Baluchaung No.2 HPP and Shwemyo S/S is currently under construction.
This T/L is planned to start its operation in 2016. Most part of this T/L route is located in
mountain side between the Loikaw city and the Shwemyo S/S along with a mountain pass.
Outline of this T/L is shown as below;
• 230kV T/L; Baluchaung No.2 HPP - Shwemyo S/S

Conductor type : ACSR 605MCM Duck
Number of bundle : Double bundled
Distance : 193.1km
Operation start year : 2016 (Under construction as of Mar. 2016)
Fig. 11.6-2 Location of Existing 230kV T/L; Baluchaung No.2 HPP - Shwemyo S/S
(2) Fault record
As described previously, this line is currently under construction. Fault records are not available at
the present time.
(3) Maintenance record
As described previously, this line is currently under construction. Maintenance records are not
available at the present time.
(4) Considerations
Construction work is in progress now. Any considerations on landmine and bombe have not been
found.

As described in the previous section, there is no consideration on this T/L route. Therefore, it is
assumed to be possible to extend one more 230kV T/L. On the other hand, in case of extend a
T/L, it might have an impact on environment and local community due to its long T/L distance.
Therefore, further study is necessary for environmental and social consideration survey.
11.6.3 Baluchaung No.2 / No.1 Hydropower Plant - Loikaw S/S
(1) Assumed T/L route
Assumed route for 230kV T/L or 33kV D/L between the Baluchaung No.2 HPP and Loikaw S/S is
shown as Fig. 11.6-3. Assumed route for 132kV T/L between the Baluchaung No.1 HPP and the
Loikaw S/S is almost same.
Fig. 11.6-3 Assumed Route of Baluchaung No.2 / No.1 HPP - Loikaw S/S Line
(2) Considerations
Any considerations on landmine and bombe have not been found.
As described in the previous section, there is no considerations on the assumed route. Therefore,
it is assumed to be possible to extend new T/L or D/L.

11.6.4 Transmission Line around Sedawgyi HPP
(1) 132kV T/L; Sedawgyi HPP - Aungpinlea S/S - Belin S/S
132kV T/L between Sedawgyi HPP and Aungpinlea S/S has been 29 years since its commissioning
in 1987. 132kV T/L between Aungpinlea S/S and Belin S/S has been 19 years since its
commissioning in 1997 as a 132kV T/L between Sedawgyi HPP and Thazi at first. Then, this T/L
has been changed its connection into a current condition in 2009. Most of each T/L route are
located in plain area. Outline of each T/Ls are shown as below;
• 132kV T/L; Sedawgyi HPP - Aungpinlea S/S

Conductor type : 336.4MCM
Distance : 30.2miles
Operation start year : 1987
• 132kV T/L Aungpinlea S/S - Belin S/S

Conductor type : 336.4MCM
Distance : 24.75miles
Operation start year : 1997/2009
Fig. 11.6-4 Location of Existing 132kV T/L; Sedawgyi HPP - Aungpinlea S/S - Belin S/S
(2) Fault record
Fault record in 2013 to 2015 could be obtained from the Ohntaw T/L maintenance office.
According to these fault records, line faults occurred four times on T/L between Sedawgyi HPP
and Aungpinlea S/S and seven times on Aungpinlea S/S - Belin S/S. Cause of faults are
summarized in Table 11.6-4 and Table 11.6-5.

Table 11.6-4 Fault Record of T/L; Sedawgyi Table 11.6-5 Fault Record of T/L; Aungpinlea
HPP – Aungpinlea S/S in 2013 to 2015 S/S - Belin S/S in 2013 to 2015
Cause of fault Times Cause of fault Times
Hanging chain on conductor 1 Bird nest drop and flash over 3
Broken conductor 1
Unknown 3
Unknown 3
total 4 total 7
Source: PTSCD Source: PTSCD
Most of causes seem to be not related to deterioration.
(3) Maintenance record
Maintenance record in 2014 to 2016 are obtained from the Ohntaw T/L maintenance office.
Table 11.6-6 Maintenance Record of T/L; Sedawgyi HPP – Aungpinlea S/S

in 2014 to 2016
Kind of maintenance Times
Tree cutting and vegetation maintenance 7
Retightening of tower 4
Trimming tree on the right of way 3
Visual inspection of transmission line 2
total 16
Source: PTSCD
Table 11.6-7 Maintenance Record of T/L; Aungpinlea S/S - Belin S/S in 2014 to 2016
Kind of maintenance Times
Tree cutting and vegetation maintenance 2
Removal of bird nest 6
Repairing of conductor 3
Re-sagging of conductor 1
Visual inspection of transmission line 1
total 13
Source: PTSCD
Most of maintenance works seem to be not caused by facility deterioration.
(4) Necessity of rehabilitation
Each transmission lines are not much aged. There is no request for rehabilitation on the viewpoint
of deterioration based on interview to maintenance stuff from PTSCD. Therefore, it seems to be
not necessary to rehabilitate.

Chapter 12
Final Report Construction Plan and Schedule
CHAPTER 12
CONSTRUCITON PLAN AND SCHEDULE

Chapter 12
Chapter 12 Construction Plan and Schedule
Baluchaung No.1 Hydropower Plant
12.1.1 Turbine, Generator and Control Protection System
The disassembly, assembly and installation works at the rehabilitation of Baluchaung No.2 HPP
(Hydropower Plant), which has been completed in 2016, were conducted by EPGE (Electric
Power Generation Enterprise) under supervisors dispatched from Japanese suppliers. It is judged
that they have the high ability for the rehabilitation works under the appropriate supervising.
Therefore, it is planed that those works of Baluchaung No.1 and Sedawgyi HPPs are conducted
by EPGE under supervision of supervisors of the Contractor.
Tentative number of workers provided by EPGE required for rehabilitation works is given in
Table 12.1-1 for Baluchaung No.1 HPP
The rehabilitation works are planned by the following basic policies in consideration of the
demand and supply situation of electricity in Myanmar.
(1) One turbine and generator (unit) are possible to be stopped from July to February for 8
months.
(2) The rehabilitation works are implemented one unit by one unit during this period.
(3) The overhead crane must be inspected by a crane manufacture soon after a contract between
EPGE and the Contractor. If it is judged by the inspection that any components are
necessary to be replaced, the new components must be provided from the crane
manufacturer and the replacement work must be finished by EPGE under the supervisor
from the manufacturer before the rehabilitation works of turbines and generators.
(4) When the rehabilitation work of turbine inlet valve is conducted, the penstock must be
dewatered.
(5) When stoppage of both units is necessary by the rehabilitation works, it is shortened as
much as possible.
(6) Necessary measures are conducted at the beginning of the rehabilitation works in order to
minimize the influence to the operation unit by stopping the rehabilitated unit.
(7) The changes from existing control and protection system to a new system are conducted
before the dry test starts.
(8) The replacement of the generator stator coil is conducted at the present stator setting point
by building a scaffolding for disassembly, assembly and installation works.
(9) Because the turbine parts of big dimensions can’t be lifted into the turbine pit through the
inside of the stator during stator coil replacement work, the rehabilitation work of the
turbine is conducted after stator coil work.

Chapter 12
Construction Plan and Schedule Final Report
Table 12.1-1 Rehabilitation Work Schedule of Baluchaung No.1 HPP (1 unit)

critical path
Work item month -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
【 Hydropower Plant】 completion of repair
Repair of Overhead crane
Disassembling of generator and turbine
Stator coil disassembly and assembly
Rehabilitation/maintenance work on turbine
Rehabilitationmaintenance work on generator
Assembly of turbine
Assembly of generator
Dry test of turbine and generatior
Replacement of control system (including GOV & AVR)
Chage of control & protection systems
Dry test of control system
Wet test
【 Substaion facilities】
Works
Test and Commissioning
【 Transmission line facilities】
Works
【 Station Service facilities】
Works
Scheduled shutdown of 1 Unit
Scheduled shutdown of 2 Units for Power plant rehabilitation
Scheduled shutdown of 2 Units for S/S and T/L rehabilitation
12.1.2 Substation, Transmission Line and Station Service Facilities
It is recommended that the rehabilitation works of S/S (substation), T/L (transmission line) and
station service facilities are completed during rehabilitation of preceding unit equipment in both
Baluchaung No.1 HPP and Sedawgyi HPP.
(1) During rehabilitation works of the equipment in S/S such as 132 kV GCB (Gas Circuit
Breaker), 132 kV busbar and 11 kV cables, etc., the generating power in Baluchaung No.1
HPP will not be able to transmit its electricity to Baluchaung No.2 HPP.
(2) The rehabilitation work of station service equipment such as LV (low voltage) switchgear,
AC (Alternating Current) panel, DC (Direct Current) panel and DC battery charger shall be
done before changing of control and protection system.
(3) Test and commissioning of T/L protection panel shall be cooperated with Baluchaung No.2
HPP.
(4) Both generators shall be stopped during rehabilitation work of 132 kV switchgear, 132 kV
busbar, 11 kV busbar and all 11 kV switchgear. Total period can be estimated about 3
months. Shutdown of both unis shall be scheduled from August to October because power
output of Baluchaung No.2 HPP is affected.
The following methods to secure the power to station service load during rehabilitation works are
recommended:
Step 1: In order to keep to supply the power to Loikaw city, 11 kV D/L (distribution line) to
Loikaw city from Baluchaung No.1 HPP shall be connected to Loikaw S/S by T-brunch
on the way to the load.

Chapter 12
Step 2: 11 kV feeder to Loikaw S/S in Baluchaung No.1 HPP shall be connected to primary
side of 11/0.4 kV station service transformer as shown in the following figure. Then,
the station service power can be supplied without going through the 11 kV switchgear.
Step 3: After competed direct connection in Step 2, 11 kV main and local switchgears can be
replaced at the same time. Therefore, JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency)
Survey Team recommends to replace 11 kV switchgear at the period of rehabilitation of
Unit 1.
VCB 12kV VCB 12kV

52H-1 52H-2
1200A 10kA
1Cx3 SAME 1Cx3

250mm2 AS 250mm2 RDf
RIGHT 3
L.TR2
3φ 2000kVAx(1+1)
L.TR1 11kV
11.5F-11.25F-11.OR-
10.75F-10.5F kV
1Cx3 1Cx3
60mm2 60mm2 RV V UV
1 1 1
OVG VG
1 1
DS 3Px1 DS 3Px1
289-1 289-2
12kV 600A 12kV 600A
CTx3 3φ GPT
150-75/5A 11kV 110V 110V
CTx3 150-75/5A / /
3 3 3
11kV BUS
VCB 12kV VCB 12kV VCB 12kV VCB 12kV

252H1 VCB 252H2 600A 252L1 600A 252L2 600A 252L3 600A
25kA 25kA 25kA 25kA
CTx2
CT 20/5A CTx2 CTx2 CTx2
3Cx1 3Cx1 OC 15-75 OC 15-75 OC 15-75 OC
SAME 2 2 2 2
60mm2 60mm2 /5A /5A /5A
AS
RIGHT WH WH WH WH
1 1 1 1
W W W W
S.TR 1 1 1 1
Direct Connection
A A A A
1 1 1 1
S.TR
3φ300kVA DG DG DG
1Cx1 1Cx1 3Cx1 ZCTx1 1 3Cx1 ZCTx1 1 3Cx1 ZCTx1 1
11.OR-10.5 200A/1.5mA 200A/1.5mA 200A/1.5mA
150mm2 150mm2 -11.0kV/400-230V 60mm2 60mm2 60mm2
1Cx3
1Cx3 250mm2
250mm2 DS 3Px1 DS 3Px1 DS 3Px1
389-1 12kV 600A
389-2 12kV 600A
389-2 12kV 600A
STATION SERVICE STATION SERVICE

LAx3 LAx3 LAx3
DOTACHA INTAKE LOIKAW LAWPITA P/S

TIE LINE
Fig. 12.1-1 Temporary Works for Station Service Supply during Rehabilitation Works
of Baluchaung No.1 HPP
Additionally, replacement methods of auxiliary equipment in low tension cubicle room such as
LV switchgear, AC panel, DC panel and DC battery charger are recommended as follows:
Step 1: Replacement of existing DC panels and installation of a new AC panel at the position of
existing DC panels.
Step 2: Replacement of existing AC panels and installation of a new LV switchgear at the

position of existing AC panels.

Chapter 12
Step 3: Replacement of the existing LV switchgear and installation of a new DC battery charger
at the position of the existing LV switchgear.
Step 4: Replacement of the existing DC battery charger and installation of a new DC panel at
the position of the existing DC battery charger.
12.1.3 Gates and Penstock
Water leakage from expansion joints of the Penstock was found. Therefore, the damaged rubber
seal shall be replaced. Stoppage of 2 units and dewatering of the penstock are required for
replacement of the seal.
Rehabilitation of gates and valves are minor works without shutdown of units.

Chapter 12
Sedawgyi Hydropower Plant
12.2.1 Turbine, Generator and Control Protection System
The rehabilitation works are planned by the following basic policies in consideration of the
demand and supply situation of electricity in Myanmar.
Tentative number of workers provided by EPGE required for rehabilitation works is given in
Table 12.2-1 for Sedawgyi HPP.
(1) One turbine and generator (unit) are possible to be stopped from July to February for 8
months.
(2) The rehabilitation works are implemented one unit by one unit during this period.
(3) Because the penstock is dewatered when the rehabilitation work of turbine and generator is
conducted, necessary countermeasures must be finished before the commencement (refer to
Section 12.2.3).
(4) The overhead crane must be inspected by a crane manufacture soon after a contract between
EPGE and the Contractor. If it is judged by the inspection that any components are
necessary to be replaced, the new components must be provided from the crane
manufacturer and the replacement work must be finished by EPGE under the supervisor
from the manufacturer before the rehabilitation works of turbine and generator.
(5) When stoppage of both units is necessary by the rehabilitation works, it is shortened as
much as possible.
(6) Necessary measures are conducted at the beginning of the rehabilitation works in order to
minimize the influence to the operation unit by stopping the rehabilitated unit.
(7) The changes from the existing control and protection system to a new system are conducted
before the dry test starts.
(8) The replacement of the generator stator coil is conducted at the existing stator setting
location by building a scaffolding for disassembly, assembly and installation works.
(9) Because the large parts of the turbine can’t be lifted into the turbine pit through the inside of
the stator during stator coil replacement work, the rehabilitation work of the turbine is
conducted after stator coil work.

Chapter 12
Table 12.2-1 Rehabilitation Work Schedule of Sedawgyi HPP (1 unit)

critical path
Work item month -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
【 Hydropower Plant】 completion of repair
Repair of Overhead crane
Disassembling of generator and turbine
Stator coil disassembly and assembly
Rehabilitation/maintenance work on turbine
Rehabilitation/maintenance work on generator
Assembly of turbine
Assembly of generator
Dry test of turbine and generatior
Replacement of control system (including GOV & AVR)
Chage of control & protection systems
Dry test of control system
Wet test
【 Substaion facilities】
Works
【 Station Service facilities】
Works
Scheduled shutdown of 2 Units for Power plant rehabilitation
Scheduled shutdown of 2 Units for S/S and T/L rehabilitation
12.2.2 Substation, Transmission Line and Station Service Facilities
(1) In order to secure the power supply from 132kV system to station service during the
rehabilitation works, the following procedures are recommended for replacement of 132 kV
outdoor switchgear.
Step 1: Before carrying out the rehabilitation works of outdoor 132 kV switchgear,
construction of new gantry structures, extension of 132 kV busbar, installation of
an additional 132/11kV transformer and switchgear shall be done.
Step 2: In order to continue the operation of 132 kV T/L from Mandalay region to the
northern area, jumper consisting of the gantry and conductor shall be installed as
temporary work at the section between the terminal and second tower from
Sedawgyi HPP.
Additionally, temporary cables from the connection points of jumpers to the

disconnector switch which is installed in Step 1 shall be installed. Then, the station
service power can be supplied without going through the existing 132 kV outdoor
switchyard.
Step 3: From the viewpoint of equipment arrangement, 132 kV switchgear of transformer

bay for Unit No.2 and T/L bay for the northern area shall be replaced by priority.
After completion of replacement, the station service power will also be supplied
from 132 kV system and Unit No.2 generator.
Step 4: After completion of Step 3 work, remaining existing 132 kV switchyard i.e.
transformer bay for Unit No.1 and T/L bay for Mandalay circuit shall be replaced.
Step 5: After completion to replace existing 132 kV outdoor switchgear, jumpers

constructed in Step 1 shall be removed.

Chapter 12
To Aungpinlae S/S To Letpanhla S/S
Power Flow
Underground Cable Jumper
CVT CVT
DS+ES DS+ES
Open Circuit
GCB GCB
DS DS
Busbar Extension 132kV Busbar
DS DS DS
GCB GCB GCB

LA LA LA
BCT BCT BCT
LTr MTr. #1 MTr. #2

132/11kV 132/11kV 132/11kV
To Station To Station To Station

Gen. #2 Gen. #1
Service Service Service
Fig. 12.2-1 Construction Procedure for Replacement of 132 kV Outdoor Switchgear

in Sedawgyi HPP (STEP 2)
Approx. 50 m
30 m
HDCC or AAC
Terminal tower to Temporary Temporary Terminal tower to

gantry structure 1 gantry structure 2
Mandalay Northern area
Temporary Equipment
Insulation Clearance : 3.6 m
Existing
Fig. 12.2-2 Image of Jumper for 132 kV T/L

Chapter 12
Power Flow
CVT CVT
Open Circuit
DS+ES DS+ES
REPLACEMENT
GCB GCB
DS DS
DS DS DS
GCB GCB GCB

LA LA LA
BCT BCT BCT
LTr MTr. #1 MTr. #2

132/11kV 132/11kV 132/11kV

Gen. #2 Gen. #1
Fig. 12.2-3 Construction Procedure for Replacement of 132 kV Outdoor Switchgear


Chapter 12
Power Flow
CVT CVT
DS+ES DS+ES
REPLACEMENT
Open Circuit
GCB GCB
DS DS
DS DS DS
GCB GCB GCB

LA LA LA
BCT BCT BCT
LTr MTr. #1 MTr. #2

132/11kV 132/11kV 132/11kV

Gen. #2 Gen. #1
Fig. 12.2-4 Construction procedure for Replacement of 132 kV Outdoor Switchgear


Chapter 12
Jumper
(Remove)
CVT CVT
DS+ES DS+ES
GCB GCB
DS DS
DS DS DS
GCB GCB GCB

LA LA LA
BCT BCT BCT
LTr MTr. #1 MTr. #2

132/11kV 132/11kV 132/11kV

Gen. #2 Gen. #1
Fig. 12.2-5 Construction procedure for Replacement of 132 kV Outdoor Switchgear

(2) As mentioned in the above, the rehabilitation work of 132 kV switchgear including a
generator transformer shall be conducted in each switchyard bay one by one. Additionally, it
should be noted to secure the insulation clearance from live-parts during the rehabilitation
works.
(3) In order to reduce the changing-over time during rehabilitation works, a new 11 kV
switchgear and 400 V AC house equipment shall be installed at an empty space in
EL.100.93 as precedent work. After completion of installation of new equipment, the
connection of 11 kV and other power cables shall be changed from existing equipment.
(4) The rehabilitation work of station service equipment such as 400 V AC house equipment,
DC battery charger, and emergency diesel generator shall be done before changing of
control and protection system.
(5) During connection and removal works of jumpers for 132 kV T/L, the generating power in
Sedawgyi HPP will not be able to transmit its electricity.
Additionally, generator Unit 2 shall be stopped its operation during rehabilitation works of
132 kV switchgear at Unit 2 transformer bay. Total period can be estimated about 3 months.

Chapter 12
12.2.3 Gate Facilities
(1) Events during the Survey
Regarding the gate facilities of Sedawgyi HPP such as maintenance gates, penstock gates and
spillway gates, several ups and downs were occurred through the identification of the facilities to
be rehabilitated during the Survey period as shown in Table 12.2-2.
Table 12.2-2 Events Regarding the Gate Facilities of Sedawgyi HPP during the Survey
Facility Maintenance Gate Penstock Gate Spillway Gate
Owner: ID
Jurisdiction ID ID
Operation: EPGE
As large amount of leakage
occurred during the dewatering
operation for unit 1, it was
1st Site
worried to conduct internal
Investigation
inspection of turbine during the
(Jan. 2016)
2nd site investigation.
Repair works to stop the leakage
were requested to ID.
Internal inspection for unit 2 It was found that both of the It was found that gate No.1 and
turbine was conducted gates have not been functioned No.7 could not be fully open and
2nd Site successfully after the gate properly due to leakage problem therefore decrease in discharging
Investigation closure operation. since the commencement of capacity was worried from the
(Feb. 2016) Repair works for unit 1 were commercial operation. viewpoint of dam safety.
planned to be conducted by ID in
June 2016.
A meeting among ID, EPGE, JICA and JICA Survey Team was held in Naypyidaw. The Survey Team
3rd Site announced that they would conduct the site investigation of penstock gates after the completion of repair
Investigation works by ID in June 2016 to stop the leakage from maintenance gate for unit 1. The Survey Team also
(May 2016) requested permission to ID to conduct the site investigation of spillway gates from the viewpoint of dam
safety.
As the water level of the JICA Survey Team could not Gate No.7 was checked and
reservoir in June 2016 was access to penstock gates for site repaired by ID in June 2016,
re-rose and approached to nearly inspection to confirm the cause therefore currently 6 gates (No.2
FWL due to unexpected volume of leakage problem due to high to No.7) are able to fully open
of inflow caused by heavy rain, water level of the reservoir. and have enough discharging
4th Site ID could not conduct the repair However it is considered that capacity for designed flood
Investigation works of maintenance gates and rehabilitation of penstock gates operation. As a result, spillway
(Jun. 2016) therefore JICA Survey Team will be necessary for the gates were agreed to deselect
gave up internal inspection for extension on lifetime of HPP, from the facilities to be
unit 1turbine. therefore rehabilitation cost at rehabilitated. Although gate No.1
the time of the Survey was still have a gate opening
estimated based on total problem, it will be repaired by
replacement of 2 gates. ID after the rainy season.
Implementation of the repair It is required to re-evaluate
works by ID shall be monitored. rehabilitation items in the Survey
(after the
(In case ID will not be able to based on the site investigation
Survey)
conduct the repair works, after the repair works of the
Rehabilitation
necessary countermeasures such maintenance gate for unit 1 by
Project
as temporary works by the ID.
Project shall be considered.)

Chapter 12
(2) Penstock Gates
According to the hearing of operators and mentioned in Table 12.2-2, penstock gates are
suspected of functional defection. However during this preparatory survey, the site investigation
of penstock gates could not be carried out due to much amount of water leakage from concrete
cracks in the upper side of the maintenance gate (stoplog). At the preliminary design stage, actual
conditions of civil structures, gate leaves and guide frames shall be surveyed and drawings shall
be prepared because the as-built drawings are not available.
For the rehabilitation works of penstock gates, it is assumed that 2 sets of gate leaf, guide frame,
hoist and local control panel are to be replaced to new ones. The remote control function shall be
included in the control system at the power plant.
Table 12.2-3 Tentative Rehabilitation Work Schedule for Penstock gate of Sedawgyi Dam (1 unit)
Work item month -15 -14 -13 -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Penstock gate
Design
Purchase of raw materials, Fabrication
Transportation (to the site）
Removal and Installation of Spillway gate
Test

Chapter 13
Final Report Project Implementation Plan and Schedule
CHAPTER 13
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN AND SCHEDULE

Chapter 13
Chapter 13 Project Implementation Plan and Schedule
Project Implementation Plan
13.1.1 Procurement Plan
Purpose of Hydropower Plants Rehabilitation Project (the Project) is to rehabilitate the

Baluchaung No.1 and Sedawgyi HPPs (Hydropower Plants). Procurement plan of equipment has
been discussed between EPGE (Electric Power Generation Enterprise) and JICA (Japan
International Cooperation Agency) Survey Team. Existing generating equipment was originally
supplied by Japanese manufacturers. The equipment to be replaced totally or partially under this
rehabilitation works requires to completely make a technical interface with the existing
equipment and to be designed in cooperation with specifications of the existing relevant
equipment.
Recommended procurement plan of each rehabilitation equipment/facilities is given in the

following section.
13.1.2 Implementation Plan
The rehabilitation works cover turbines, generators, control and protection system, relevant
substation and transmission line facilities, gates and penstock and auxiliary equipment at
Baluchaung No.1 and Sedawgyi HPPs. All the equipment / facilities of both HPPs were carefully
examined in this Survey by various engineering experts and EPGE staff. Based on inspection
results, collected data and information and so on, the objective rehabilitation equipment /
facilities were selected and finalized based on close discussion between EPGE and JICA Survey
Team.
As it is necessary for both HPPs to continue the operation of one unit even during the
rehabilitation period, the rehabilitation works shall be carried out one (1) unit by 1 unit between
July and February for eight (8) months. Another unit shall operate and generate electricity
continuously.
Especially, the complete shutdown of T/L is also inevitable when the rehabilitation of equipment
relating to T/L facilities is conducted. Optimum countermeasures shall be considered in order to
minimize the time of full (both units) shut down.
Regarding installation works, EPGE will provide engineers and workers and take a share in
rehabilitation works. In this connection, necessary EPGE’s budget shall be allocated and
sufficient manpower shall be dispatched timely for smooth and efficient construction. Total
number of engineers and workers required for rehabilitation works of generating equipment and
S/S and T/L facilities are around 50 per each HPP.

Chapter 13
Project Implementation Plan and Schedule Final Report
Implementation Structure Plan
EPGE will be the implementation agency of this Project and will organize PMU (Project
Management Unit) for implementation of the Project as shown in Fig. 13.2-1.
Deputy Chief Engineer of EPGE head office at Naypyidaw will be assigned as the Project
Director and head office shall support to arrange sufficient manpower and budget required for the
Project implementation. The Project will be headed by each plant manager of Baluchaung No.1
and Sedawgyi HPPs, who will be assigned as the Project Manager having responsibilities for
overall management. A head electrical engineer and a head mechanical engineer of each power
plant will be assigned under each Project Manager.
There are experienced electrical engineers, mechanical engineers and technical staffs who
engaged in rehabilitation works at Baluchaung No.2 HPP. The rehabilitation works will be
carried out by such experienced engineers and workers provided by EPGE under supervision of
the Contractors’ engineers.
Project Director
Dy. Chief Engineer (1)
Superintending Engineer (1)
Report Support
Executive Engineer (1)
Coordination
Baluchaung No.1 Hydropower plant Sedawgyi Hydropower plant
Fig. 13.2-1 Organization of Project Management Unit

for Implementation of the Rehabilitation Project

Chapter 13
Work Contents of Implementation Agency, Consultant and Contractor
The following works will be implemented by the implementation agency (EPGE), the Consultant
and the Contractors.
(1) Implementation Agency of Myanmar (EPGE)
EPGE shall allot the following roles during project implementation.
1) Organizing a PMU for the Project implementation,

2) Coordination among the related ministries for smooth implementation of the Project,
3) Preparation of land for stockyards, storage facilities, lodgings for the Consultant and
Contractor,
4) To provide the storage buildings /yards for discarded equipment containing hazardous
wastes,
5) Prior securing of the ECC (Environmental Complaisance Certificate) for the Project from the
MONREC (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Conservation),
6) Conduct Project monitoring according to EMP (Environmental Management Plan)
7) All necessary certificates to start the rehabilitation works for the Project,
8) Appointment of the Consultant, and cooperation with /assistance to the Consultant,
9) Close communication with institution(s) of the Project fund on bidding, contracts,
procurement, project progress, and other information,
10) Proper actions for necessary procedures on equipment and materials import for the Project,
11) Issue of payment certificates for the Consultant and Contractors,
12) Claim management of Contractors, local people and others,
13) Prosecution of the commissioning test of the Project,
14) Training of employees for O&M (operation and maintenance) for turbine, generator, control
and protection system and S/S and T/L facilities,
15) Proper O&M of the equipment/facilities after commissioned,
16) To complete works required for rehabilitation Project such as NDT (Non Destructive Test for
turbines), repair works of damaged foundation, steel structures in S/S etc. conducted by
EPGE in due course,
17) To coordinate and push ID (Irrigation Department) to carry out leakage measure works for
concrete cracks in the upper side of the maintenance gate (stoplog) of Sedawgyi Dam in
order to conduct field survey of penstock gates in preliminary design.
18) To provide engineers and workers for rehabilitation works under supervision of Contractors’
engineers (around 40 ~ 50 staffs for each power plant), and
19) To secure budget and manpower to execute the above matters.

Chapter 13
(2) Project Consultants
The Consultants shall allot the following particulars.
1) Preliminary design related to preparation of bid documents for the Project including a field
survey and investigation,
2) Preparation of the design report for the Rehabilitation Project and submission to EPGE,
3) Preparation of the bid documents for the Rehabilitation Project and submission to EPGE,
4) Evaluation of proposals forwarded by bidders and assistance to EPGE evaluation committee
in selecting prospective bidders for the contracts,
5) Assistance to EPGE in contract negotiations with prospective bidders and in conclusion of
the contracts,
6) Examination on manufacturing/working drawings and various communications from the
Contractors for approval,
7) Inspections and tests for equipment / materials to be carried out at the contractors’ factories
prior to shipment,
8) Project management and supervision of the Contractors’ works,
9) Preparation of the monthly reports, to conduct meetings, safety patrols with the Client and
the Contractor,
10) Preparation of the completion report for the Project and submission to EPGE,
11) To review and confirm the inspection reports prepared by the Contractor including cost
estimates for overhead crane, guide vanes for approval of the Client,
12) To conduct Soft Component for capacity building coordinating with O&M training by the
Contractor,
13) Inspection on facilities immediately prior to expiration of the guarantee period for facilities
and
14) Transfer of knowledge to EPGE staff in charge of the Project.
(3) Contractors
The Contractors shall allot the following works.
1) Implementation of design for the Project based on site condition,

2) Design/manufacturing/procurement and tests of the equipment/facilities/materials,
3) Installation of equipment/facilities and the factory test
4) Verification of proper functions of all the facilities completed,
5) Commissioning of the equipment/facilities to EPGE,
6) Transfer of knowledge to EPGE through their working period for construction, maintenance
and operation of the project facilities.
(4) Responsible Activities for EPGE and Relevant Agencies and their Deadline
In order to implement this Project successfully, the following activities shall be conducted by
EPGE and/or relevant agencies responsibly by the deadline.

Chapter 13
Responsible
Equipment / Facilities Deadline
agency
(1) Baluchaung No.1 HPP
Repair of access road EPGE Before transportation of
equipment, materials etc.
Preparation of stockyards and ware houses EPGE Before transportation of
Provision of the storage buildings/yards for discarded equipment EPGE Before commencement of
containing hazardous wastes works
Provision of site lodging houses and offices for the Consultant and EPGE immediately after the
Contractor staff conclusion of the Contract
Inspection and repair of station over-head crane Lot-1 Before the commencement of
(EPGE workers conduct repair works under supervision of the Contractor installation works of E/M
manufacturer engineer checked by the Consultant. The Consultant makes equipment
judgement of repair items of over-head crane based on the results of joint
inspection, reports to and obtains approval from EPGE)
NDT (Non Destructive Test) EPGE During Overhaul and
(EPGE workers conduct NDT under supervision of the Contractor) inspection
Procurement of Potable extinguishers EPGE Immediately after budget
allocation
Rehabilitation of brake system of the generator EPGE Immediately after budget
allocation (During Overhaul
and inspection is preferable)
Repair of steel structures of 132kV circuit breaker EPGE Before the commencement of
(based on original design) installation works of S/S
Repair of foundation of surge arrestors in phase B EPGE Before the commencement of
(based on original design) installation works
Repair of concrete fences around the pondage EPGE Immediately after budget
allocation
Cleaning of the inside of existing pipes including embedded pipes EPGE During Overhaul and
inspection
Repair of painting on flowing water surface and outside of the turbine EPGE During Overhaul and
inspection
Temporary works for station service supply from 11kV during EPGE Before the commencement of
rehabilitation works for S/S installation works
(detailed specification of temporary power supply is examined during bid
document preparation stage)
(2) Sedawgyi HPP
Repair of access road EPGE Before transportation
Preparation of stockyards and ware houses EPGE Before transportation
Provision of the storage buildings /yards for discarded equipment EPGE Before commencement of
containing hazardous wastes works
Inspection and repair of station over-head crane Lot-2 Before the commencement of
(EPGE workers conduct repair works under supervision of the Contractor installation works of E/M
manufacturer engineer checked by the Consultant. The Consultant makes equipment
judgement of repair items of over-head crane based on the results of joint
inspection, reports to and obtains approval from EPGE)
Provision of site lodging houses and offices for the Consultant and EPGE immediately after the
Contractor staff conclusion of the Contract
NDT (Non Destructive Test) Lot-2 Before the commencement of
(EPGE workers conduct NDT under supervision of the Contractor) Contractor installation works
Procurement of Potable extinguishers EPGE Immediately after budget
allocation

Chapter 13
Responsible
Equipment / Facilities Deadline
agency
Repair of station communication system EPGE Immediately after budget
allocation
Rehabilitation of a heater of a generator EPGE Immediately after budget
allocation (During Overhaul
and inspection is preferable)
Cleaning of the inside of existing pipes including embedded pipes EPGE During Overhaul and
inspection
Repair of painting on flowing water surface and outside of the turbine EPGE During Overhaul and
inspection
Repair of control board of a gantry crane for draft tube gates. EPGE Immediately after budget
allocation
Temporary works for station service supply from 132kv T/L system during EPGE Before the commencement of
rehabilitation works for S/S installation works
(detailed specification of temporary power supply is examined during bid
document preparation stage)
(3) Sedawgyi Dam
Countermeasure works for leakage from concrete cracks in the upper side ID- Before preliminary design
of the maintenance gate (stoplog) stage
Staffing Plan of the Project
The following staffs from EPGE and the Consultant will carry out the Project.
(1) Implementation Agency of Myanmar (EPGE)
1) Project Director of the EPGE head office is to be assigned throughout the whole project
period.
2) Project Manager of the EPGE’s project office (power plant) is to be assigned throughout the
whole project period. (He will also be a counterpart of the Consultant.)
3) EPGE’s staffs for monitoring environmental measures are to be timely dispatched to the
sites.
4) On-the-job training participants for the O&M of each power plant under the Project are
provided.
(2) Consultant
• Preliminary Design and Preparation of Bid Documents

The Consultant will execute the preliminary design for the Rehabilitation Project through
discussions with EPGE and in accordance with results of the field survey. The Consultant will
produce bid documents for the Project.
• Bid and Contract

The Consultant will carry out assistance to EPGE during announcements of the bid, bid
opening, bid evaluation, contract negotiation and preparation of the contract documents.
• Procurement Management
The Consultants will manage all works for examinations on the Contractors’ drawings and
designs, and inspection/tests of equipment/materials at the Contractors’ factory.

Chapter 13
• Supervision of Contractors’ Works

Through the whole period of the Contractors’ works, the Consultant will supervise all the
works. The Consultant will have responsibility for training of EPGE’s operators and
maintenance staff for equipment / facilities after completion of the Rehabilitation Works.
• Commissioning Test and Inspection for Defect Liability Period

After completion of the rehabilitation works of all equipment / facilities, the Consultant will
supervise the Contractors’ commissioning tests, Furthermore, the Consultant will check and
approve the project completion report of the completed facilities to be submitted by the
Contractors, and assist EPGE with their procedures for issuing the taking-over certificates to
the Contractors. Immediately before the expiration of the defect liability period of the
Rehabilitation equipment/facilities, the Consultant in conjunction with EPGE will inspect all
the project-related facilities to issue the final certificates to the Contractors.
• Soft Component for the O&M Capacity Development

The both hydropower plants have been operating and maintaining for around 30 years,
however overhaul of generating equipment has not been conducted so far and also appropriate
maintenance and required replacement have not been done. In this connection, proper and
appropriate O&M are essential to keep in good condition and achieve longer life time of
equipment / facilities, so soft component shall be carried out to develop capacity building for
operators and maintenance staffs of each station.

Chapter 13
Project Implementation Schedule
The implementation of the rehabilitation project of Baluchaung No.1 and Sedawgyi HPPs is
shown in Fig. 13.5-1.
During the Survey, site inspection of the penstock gates of Sedawgyi Dam could not be carried
out in order to confirm whether their function is normal or not. In the worst case, it will take
additional 2 years to replace 2 penstock gates because 8 months of the stoppage of 1 unit is
required for removal, installation and test of the gate. After commissioning of rehabilitation
works of Sedawgyi HPP, rehabilitation works of penstock gates will start. During the next
preliminary design stage, inspection and survey of penstock gates shall be done and preliminary
design is to be conducted based on the results. Implementation plan / schedule and rehabilitation
cost would be examined if rehabilitation works of the gates would be necessary.
Year 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Item
Month 12 3456 789101112 12 3456 789101112 12 3456 789101112 12 3456 789101112 12 3456 789101112 12 3456 789101112 12 3456 789101112 12 3456 789101112 12 3456 789101112 12 3456 789101112
Selection of Consultant 12.0

Consulting Service for Sedawgyi HPP
Preliminary Design 6.0
Tender (Incl. Bid Preparation and Evaluation) 12.0 Defect Liability Period: 12.0 Month
Construction Supervision 39.0

Construction Schedule of Sedawgyi HPP Soft Component: 2.0 Month
1st Unit 27.0 Stop
2nd Unit 39.0 Stop
S/S, T/L 12.0
Penstock Gate No.1 of Sedawgyi dam 25.0 Stop
Penstock Gate No.2 of Sedawgyi dam 25.0 Stop
Consulting Service for Baluchaung No.1 HPP
Preliminary Design 3.0
Tender (Incl. Preparation and Evaluation) 12.0 Defect Liability Period: 12.0 Month
Construction Supervision 34.0

Construction Schedule of Baluchaung No.1 HPP Soft Component: 2.0 Month
1st Unit 22.0 Stop
2nd Unit 34.0 Stop
S/S, T/L 11.0
Fig. 13.5-1 Implementation Schedule for the Rehabilitation Project of Baluchaung No.1 and
Sedawgyi HPPs

Chapter 13
O&M Plan
13.6.1 Current O&M Organization
(1) Head Office
GOM (Government of Myanmar) announced on March 17th, 2016 that existing thirty six (36)
ministries were reformed to twenty one (21) ministries and MOEP (Ministry of Electric Power)
and MOE (Ministry of Energy) was merged into MOEE (Ministry of Electricity and Energy).
Organization chart of MOEE is shown in Fig. 13.6-1.
EPGE has responsibility for O&M of existing power plants. At present total 27 hydropower
plants all over the Myanmar are operated and maintained by EPGE. Organization chart of EPGE
is shown in Fig. 13.6-2.
Minister
U Pe Zin Tun
Permanent Secretary
U Htain Lwin
Energy Electric Power
Myanmar Oil & Gas Myanmar Petrochemical Myanmar Petroleum Department of Electric Power Transmission and Department of Hydro
Enterprise Enterprise Products Enterprise Power Planning System Control Power Implementation
(MOGE) (MPE) (MPPE) (DEPP) Department (PTSCD) (DHPI)
U Myo Myint Oo (MD) U Thant Sin (MD) U Thant Sin (MD) Daw Mi Mi Khine (DG) U Htain Lwin (DG) U Aye San (DG)
Electric Power Electricity Supply Yangon Electricity

Generation Enterprise Enterprise Supply Corporation
(EPGE) (ESE) (YESC)
U Khin Maung Win U Myint Aung (MD) U Htun Kywe (CEO)
(MD)
Mandalay Electricity
Supply Corporation
(MESC)
U Thein Hlaing (CEO)
Fig. 13.6-1 Organization of MOEE
Fig. 13.6-2 Organization of EPGE

Chapter 13
(2) Baluchaung No.1 HPP
Organization of Baluchaung No.1 HPP consists of total of 71 staff as shown in Fig. 13.6-3.
Baluchaung No.2 HPP is located in the downstream of Baluchaung No.1 HPP and mutual
communication of both HPPs is executed.
Station Manager (1)
Head of Department Mechanical (22)

Shift (A), Shift (B), Mechanical Maintenance, Intake & Poundage
Head of Department Electrical (21)
Shift (C), Shift (D), Electrical Maintenance
Head of Department Vehicle (4)
Branch Clerk (8)
Accountant (3)
Store Keeper (2)
Security (2)
Daily Worker Charge (8) Source: JICA Survey Team
Fig. 13.6-3 Organization of Baluchaung No.1 HPP
(3) Sedawgi HPP
Organization of Sedawgyi HPP consists of total of 49 staff as shown in Fig. 13.6-4. Basically,
operation of the power plant depends on requirement of irrigation water in the downstream
decided by Irrigation Department (ID).
Station Manager (1)
Head of Electrical Section (4)

Electrical Maintenance
Head of Operation Section (6)
Shift (C)
Head of Mechanical Section (11)
Shift (B), Mechanical Maintenance
Computer Section (3)
Admin Section (6)
Account Section (2)
Procurement Section (1)
Shift (A) (8)
Shift (D) (7)

Source: JICA Survey Team
Fig. 13.6-4 Organization of Sedawgyi HPP

Chapter 13
13.6.2 O&M Plan
EPGE has responsibilities of O&M of own hydropower plants all over the country. Daily O&M,
minor repair and replacement are carries out by power plant staffs under supervise and
management of plant manager and engineers.
Major repair and replacement of damaged equipment / facilities are used to be budgeted and
managed by the head quarter.
The experienced O&M staffs have enough technical skill for O&M of existing hydropower
plants, however due to budget shortage of maintenance, lack of spare parts, improper
management, and lack of technologies. Therefore it is difficult to say that proper and appropriate
maintenance is being carried out at present.
Considering the above-mentioned situations, sustainable equipment supply and management plan
based on the concept of preventive maintenance shall be introduced in order to keep equipment /
facilities in good condition, manage proper storage of spare parts, and realize them longer
lifetime. Recommended inspection schedule for preventive maintenance is shown in Table 13.6-1.
During each inspection, relevant equipment must stop (blackout) and for turbines internal
inspection will be done after dewatering of the penstock.
Table 13.6-1 Recommended Inspection Schedule for Preventive Maintenance

Equipment
Control Main other
Turbine Generator Switch gear
Year system transformer equipment
1st year ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
2nd year ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
3rd year ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎
4th year ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
5th year ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
6th year ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎
7th year ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
8th year ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
9th year ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎
10th year ● ● ○ ○ ○ ○
11th year ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
12th year ○ ○ ○ ● ● ◎
○: Annual inspection by visual inspection of equipment / facilities
◎: Triennial inspection by visual inspection, in addition by measurement of specific items by using measuring
instruments.
●: For generating equipment such as turbines and generators, internal inspection of specific items by overhaul per
decade, and necessary repair and replacement of worn aged deteriorated spare parts.
For main transformers, breakers etc. internal inspection of specific items by partial overhaul per 12 years, and
necessary repair and replacement of worn aged deteriorated spare parts.
The recommendations on effective O&M are as follows:

Chapter 13
(1) Management of spare parts
JICA Survey Team confirmed that spare parts inventory has been updated whenever spare parts
were used at both hydropower plants. However, the team confirmed that spare parts were not
restocked after all spare parts were utilized. It results that if troubles of equipment would occur, it
might affect generation of power plants due to lack of necessary spare parts.
Original manufactures might not store equipment and spare parts for longer period, generally 10
to 20 years. In this connection, it is necessary to establish management process such that it shall
be checked whether spare parts could be produced or not prior to the possible delivery time of
necessary spare parts and these spare parts would be purchased as required.
Also, it was found that some of spare parts are not stored in appropriate condition
environmentally. For example, there are spare parts of electronic devices required for
temperature control. If these spare parts might be stored in locations subject to high temperature
and humidity, performance of spare parts might be lost. In addition, there are spare parts which
shall be stored in conditions free from dust and dirt. If these spare parts might be stored without
wrapping by vinyl sheets and as they are, performance of spare parts might be lost.
Considering the above situation, it is necessary for management of spare parts how to store spare
parts and how to keep in appropriate conditions.
(2) Secure implementation of Maintenance
O&M manual was produced during the construction period and provided for both power plants.
However, periodical maintenance works with stoppage of a unit have never been carried out
since the commencement of generation.
Such maintenance condition will cause difficulties to find out aged deterioration and possible
troubles of equipment before something happens and to conduct repair and replacement timely
and to keep reliability of generating facilities. As a result, countermeasures might be made after
troubles occur and it might cause to shorten generating hours and decrease generating energy
production.
Considering the above situation, it is necessary for management of maintenance to check whether
periodical maintenance works including overhaul base on O&M manual after these rehabilitation
works.
(3) Finding out timing of rehabilitation of facilities
In Japan, diagnosing technologies of equipment / facilities are being adopted largely in order to
find out proper timing of replacement of equipment / facilities. So far replacement timing of
equipment / facilities has been determined by uniform replacement cycle, but by means of this
new method progress of aged deterioration can be checked, so their lifetime becomes longer.
Also, equipment / facilities which aged deterioration is making progress will be replaced by
evaluating replacement timing based on progress of their aged deterioration.
Representative examples are diagnosing of a stator coil of generators, main transformer, power
cables and so on. It is very useful to transfer these diagnosing technologies to Myanmar.
(4) Management of as-built drawings of equipment / facilities
At present, all drawings and reports of equipment / facilities are stored in a storeroom, but they

Chapter 13
are not organized and registered, so it is very difficult to find out necessary ones.
It is recommended to establish effective management system of drawings. Suitable store location

of drawings shall be considered. For example, copies of drawings which are used whenever
troubles of equipment occur shall be stored in the control room.
(5) Management of machine tools
Machine tools including special tools which were delivered initially during construction are not
complete now. Necessary tools become private ones and when troubles of equipment occur
repair works were done by private tools, therefore some of repair works were done by using
inappropriate tools.
In order to avoid this situation, it is recommended to establish storage and quantity management
of machine tools.
(6) Documentation of regular inspection records
Internal inspection of hydraulic turbines involving dewatering shall be carried out once per year.
It takes several days for such inspection to stop the generation per unit. It is useful for
establishment of future maintenance plan and schedule to keep all documents of inspection
records with photographs of major parts of equipment during internal inspection. The inspection
records prepared by JICA Survey Team can be referred.
If some defects, damages, troubles etc. are found out, photographs of those parts shall be taken
and dimensions of such parts are measured as much as possible. For example, if erosion of a
runner vane due to cavitation is found out, it is possible to make future schedule of repair by
means of welding by recording erosion scale (width, length, depth)

Chapter 14
Final Report Economic and Financial Analysis
CHAPTER 14
ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

Chapter 14
Chapter 14 Economic and Financial Analysis
This Chapter first calculates the IRR (Internal Rate of Return) and NPV (Net Present Value) to justify the
implementation of the Project from the financial and economic perspectives. Secondly, the financial
situation of the implementing organization and relevant organizations for the Project under the MOEE
(Ministry of Electricity and Energy) is described and analyzed.
Objectives and Methodology of the Financial Analysis and Economic Analyses
The financial and economic analyses aim to examine the viability of the Project by calculating the
IRR and the NPV.
Financial analysis is conducted to evaluate the profitability of the Project from the viewpoint of
the implementing organization. To obtain the FIRR (Financial Internal Rate of Return) and the
FNPV (Financial Net Present Value), net benefit of the project is calculated considering 1) the
benefits i.e., incremental revenue of tariff from the Project and 2) the cost based on the market
price.
Financial cost excludes price escalation, IDC (Interest During Construction), and other financial
charges from the project cost. FIRR and FNPV are calculated based on the cash flow before interest
payments.
Economic analysis is conducted to evaluate the viability of the Project from the viewpoint of the
national economy. To obtain the EIRR (Economic Internal Rate of Return) and the ENPV
(Economic Net Present Value), the benefit of the Project is calculated considering 1) the increased
benefit based on the saved cost by replacing alternative energy sources (e.g., diesel generators) and
2) the economic costs.
In the EIRR and ENPV calculation, the cost of the Project is converted to economic cost in order
to evaluate the actual cost for the national economy. In this regard, the transfer payment within the
national economy (e.g., tax) is excluded from the calculation as it is neither a benefit nor a cost for
the country.
The cash flow of the Project is prepared to calculate the IRR and NPV. These figures are calculated
based on the following formula. The IRR is equal to the cut-off rate that results in zero NPV. For
the calculation of the NPV, a predetermined discount rate 1 is used.
∑ {(B − C ) ÷(1 + r ) }= 0
n
t
t
t =1
Where, B = Benefit,
C = cost,
t = tth year (1, 2, 3…n),
n = project life,
r = IRR
For the calculation of both the IRR and NPV, two cases, namely, “with project” and “without
project”, are normally considered to determine the net incremental benefit and cost. As explained
later, the foregone benefit of “without project” is taken into consideration in the analysis in order
to estimate the net incremental benefit of the Project.
1 In ADB’s “Financial Management and Analysis of Projects” (2005), discount rate is defined as interest rate used to convert future receipts or
payments to their present value.

Chapter 14
Economic and Financial Analysis Final Report
Assumptions used in the Financial and Economic Analyses
This section lists and describes major assumptions that are used for calculating IRR and NPV based
on the findings in the study.
14.2.1 Project Life, Salvage Value, and Price Base
The Project is assumed to have a useful economic life of 40 years 2 after the completion of
construction. At the end of the economic life, the Project is assumed to have no salvage value.
Benefits and costs are expressed in terms of 2016 constant prices in Myanmar Kyat.
14.2.2 Tariff
In order to calculate the incremental revenue as the benefit in the financial analysis, the tariff of 18
kyat/kWh and 52 kyat/kWh is used in the calculation of the base case.
The tariff of 18 kyat/kWh is what the HPGE (Hydropower Generation Enterprise) used to receive
from MEPE (Myanma Electric Power Enterprise). After the restructuring of the organizations
under the MOEE, the EPGE (Electric Power Generation Enterprise) owns the HPPs (Hydropower
Plants) and also functions as the single buyer of electricity. Therefore, the EPGE does not pay the
money for tariff to the two HPPs, which are owned and operated by the EPGE. However, it is
assumed in the financial analysis that the opportunity cost of the electricity generated by two HPPs
is 18 kyat/kWh for the purpose of quantifying the financial benefit.
The tariff of 52 kyat/kWh is the selling price of electricity to the distribution companies (ESE:
Electricity Supply Enterprise and MESC: Mandalay Electricity Supply Corporation). 3 This tariff
is also used for quantifying the incremental benefit from the viewpoint of the EPGE.
14.2.3 Overhaul Cost and Operation and Maintenance Cost
Overhaul cost is scheduled to be incurred every ten years after starting the operation of the Project.
The overhaul cost is estimated to be 150 Million Kyat for each of two HPPs. 4
O&M (Operation and Maintenance) cost is not taken into account in the financial and economic
analysis as the cost is incurred in both cases of “with project” and “without project”, which means
that there is no incremental cost for the Project.
14.2.4 Conversion Factor
The SCF (Standard Conversion Factor) is an indicator to estimate the level of distortion in the
market due to policies, duties, or subsidies of the GOM (Government of Myanmar). The SCF is
applied in the economic analysis when the local cost, which is assumed to be distorted, is to be
converted into the economic cost in order to eliminate distortion.
The SCF is calculated as 0.99 based on the following formula, and figures from the recent terms
of trade and duties. As the figure of SCF is nearly equal to one, it can be concluded that there is
little distortion in the prices in the local market.
2 This assumption is also applied to the existing hydropower stations in the case of “without project”. See “15.2.7 Remaining Life of Existing
HPPs” for more detail.
3 The tariff of electricity to YESC (Yangon City Electricity Supply Corporation) is 57 kyat/kWh. The use of the tariff of 52 kyat/kWh for the
financial analysis is based on the request of the EPGE.
4 In construction schedule, Unit 1 of Baluchaung No.1 HPP and Unit 1 of Sedawgyi HPP will be rehabilitated first and Unit 2 of the former and
Unit 2 of the latter will be rehabilitated in the following year. Therefore, the overhauls cost for Unit 1 of two hydropower stations (150 million
kyat) will be incurred first and that for Unit 2 (150 million Kyat) will be incurred in the following year.

Chapter 14
SCF= [Import (CIF) + Export (FOB)] / [(Import + Import Duty)

+ (Export + Export Subsidy - Export Tax)]
Table 14.2-1 Terms of Trade

(Unit: Million Kyat)
Import Export Import Duty Export Tax Export Subsidy SCF
13,760 11,204 307 0 0 0.99

Source: Central Statistical Organization, “Myanmar Statistical Yearbook 2015”, Table 14.01 Value of Foreign Trade, Table 17.02
Current Receipts of the State Administrative Organizations
Note: Figures in the table are those of 2013/2014.
Note: Figure of import duty is converted in the US dollar by using exchange rate of 1,180 kyat/US$.
Regarding labor cost, it is assumed that there are no significant distortions in the wage of skilled
labor in the economic analysis. In the case of unskilled labor, although the unemployment exists
in Myanmar, the percentage of unemployment is 4.0% in 2014. 5 Like the skilled labor, the
distortion in the wage of unskilled labor is not assumed in the economic analysis.
14.2.5 Cut off Rate
The cut-off rate is used as a deciding factor whether the project is viable from the viewpoint of the
implementing organization and the national economy, by comparing it with FIRR and EIRR,
respectively.
In principle, the cut-off rate adopted in the financial analysis is calculated based on the concept of
opportunity cost of capital. As the financing of the Project is not finalized yet and it is difficult to
calculate the weighted average cos of capital, the rate of the treasury bill, which is 7.307%, 6 is used
as the opportunity cost of capital.
ADB (Asian Development Bank) used 10%-12% as the social discount rate for the economic
analysis, and such rate is regarded as the social opportunity cost of capital. 7 This report applies
12% for the calculation of ENPV to make the calculation of ENPV conservative. 8
14.2.6 Transmission and Distribution Loss
3.1% of transmission loss and 15.6% of distribution loss are applied to calculate the net incremental
sales of electricity to the end consumers and the benefit in the economic analysis.
Table 14.2-2 Transmission and Distribution Loss
Transmission loss 3.1%
Distribution loss 15.6%
Transmission & distribution loss 18.7%

Source: Deloitte, "Myanmar Power Sector Financial Analysis and Viability Action Plan:
Key Findings & Recommendations", May 18, 2016, p. 7
5 Central Statistical Organization, “Myanmar Statistical Yearbook 2015”, Table 7.02 Labour Force, Labour Participation Rate and Unemployment
Rate. The figure is that of 2014 based on the result of 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census.
6 The figure is based on the rate of 91-day treasury bill auctioned on October 19, 2016.
7 ADB Economics and Development Resource Center, “Guideline for the Economic Analysis of Projects”, February 1997, p.37
8 The application of higher discount rate makes NPV smaller.

Chapter 14
In the financial analysis, the transmission and distribution loss is not taken into account in the case
of 18 kyat/kWh as the financial benefit is calculated based on the generated electricity reached and
sold to the EPGE, not on what reached to the end users. In the case of 52 kyat/kWh, the
transmission loss is taken into consideration as the electricity is calculated based on the amount
that have reached the distribution companies after transmission.
14.2.7 Remaining Life of Existing HPPs
The incremental benefit is calculated by quantifying the difference in the amount of revenue
(financial analysis) and economic benefit (economic analysis) between the existing units (without
project) and the rehabilitated units (with project). Assumption on the remaining life of the existing
hydropower stations (without project) is made in order to calculate the incremental generation,
revenue, and economic benefit of the Project.
Table 14.2-3 Remaining Life of Two HPPs in the case of “Without Project”
HPP Year of starting operation Age in the year of 2016 Expected remaining life
Baluchaung No.1 1992 24 years 16 years
Sedawgyi 1989 27 years 13 years

Source: Prepared by the JICA Survey Team
As the table above shows, the remaining life of the HPPs is assumed to be 16 years and 13 years
for Baluchaung No.1 and Sedawgyi HPPs respectively. The assumption on the remaining life of
the existing power stations is used to calculate the foregone benefit in the case of “with project”.
After 40 years of operation, the existing HPPs are assumed to generate no electricity.
14.2.8 Trend of Generated Electricity in the case of “Without Project”
In order to calculate the incremental revenue in the financial and the economic benefit in the
economic analysis, it is necessary to estimate the future trend of generation of the two HPPs in the
case of “without project”.
Two HPPs shows the trend of declining generated electricity in the last ten years. It is hard to
estimate to what extent that the degradation of the facility and equipment of the HPPs contributed
to the decline of the generated electricity.

Chapter 14
Fig. 14.2-1 Trend of Generated Electricity (Baluchaung No.1 HPP)

Source: EPGE
Fig. 14.2-2 Trend of Generated Electricity (Sedawgyi HPP)

Source: EPGE
It can be inferred that several factors such as the inflow of water may have influenced the level of
generation in addition to the degradation of the facility and equipment. Although it is difficult to
distinguish the impact caused by the degradation of the facility and equipment on the decline of
generated electricity with that of other factors, it is assumed in the financial and economic analysis
that 6.7 GWh and 5.3 GWh will decrease annually for Baluchaung No.1 and Sedawgyi HPPs
respectively, based on the approximation formula in the above figures.

Chapter 14
Financial Analysis
14.3.1 FIRR and FNPV
Benefit and cost are compiled and calculated considering the 2016 prices in order to obtain the
FIRR. Moreover, the rate of the treasury bill (7.307%) is used as the discount rate for calculating
the FNPV.
Table 14.3-1 FIRR and FNPV: Case of 18 kyat/kWh
FIRR FNPV (Million Kyat) FNPV (Million $)
2.09% (60,317) (51)

By using the discount rate of 7.307%, the FNPV for the case of 18 kyat/kWh turns into negative. 9
In order to make the FNPV nearly zero and make the FIRR equal to the discount rate by the
measure of increasing tariff alone, the tariff needs to be raised to nearly 47.5 Kyat/kWh, which is
2.6 times as the level of the applied tariff. 10
Table 14.3-2 FIRR and FNPV: Case of 52 kyat/kWh
FIRR FNPV (Million Kyat) FNPV (Million $)
7.69% 5,990 5
The FNPV for the case of 52 kyat/kWh becomes positive unlike the case of 18 kyat/kWh. The
result is understandable as the tariff of 52 kyat/kWh reflects the purchase cost of electricity from
not only hydropower stations but also other type of power stations, whose cost is higher than
hydropower stations. 11
Sensitivity analysis is conducted for the financial analysis as the actual condition may be different
from those assumed for the base case. In the sensitivity analysis, 1) generation increase (+10%),
2) tariff increase (+20%), 3) cost increase (+10%), and 4) delay in construction (1 year) are
considered.
Although the FNPV in the base case of 18 kyat/kWh is negative, it is clear from the figures in the
table below that the changes in the level of benefit and cost and the delay in construction do not
significantly change the level of FIRR and FNPV.
9 The World Bank report points out that the unit cost of generating electricity by the existing hydropower stations is 20-30 kyat/kWh. Therefore,
it is understandable that the use of 18 kyat/kWh for financial analysis leads to the negative present value. See “Annex 6: Financial Situation in
the Power Sector” in World Bank, "International Development Association Project Appraisal Document on a Proposed Credit in the Amount
of SDR 92.6 Million (US$140 Million Equivalent) to the Republic of the Union of Myanmar for Electric Power Project", August 29, 2013
10 The capacity of Baluchaung No. 1 and Sedawgyi shares only 1.8% of the total installed capacity of hydro power stations in Myanmar. As the
share of these two power stations is small, the result of FIRR/FNPV does not necessarily mean that the tariff of two hydro power stations
should be adjusted simply to make the FNPV positive in reality.
11 Overall financial situation of the institutions under the MOEE is analyzed in 15.5 Financial Status of the Implementing Organization.

Chapter 14
Table 14.3-3 Sensitivity Analysis for Financial Analysis: Case of 18 kyat/kWh

FIRR FNPV
Case Benefit Cost
(%) (Mil Kyat) (Mil US$)
Base case No change No change 2.09% (60,317) (51)
Generation increase (+10%) +10% No change 2.59% (55,847) (47)
Tariff increase (+20%) +20% No change 2.96% (52,936) (44)
Cost increase (+10%) No change +10% 1.65% (70,022) (59)
Delay in construction (1 year) No change No change 2.09% (56,210) (47)
The changes in the assumptions for the case of 52 kyat/kWh do not change the conclusion in that
the FNPV remains positive, except the case of cost increase (+10%), which results in the small
negative value. The results implies that the careful attention should be paid to cost management
during construction period.
Table 14.3-4 Sensitivity Analysis for Financial Analysis: Case of 52 kyat/kWh

FIRR FNPV
Case Benefit Cost
(%) (Mil Kyat) (Mil US$)
Base case No change No change 7.69% 5,990 5
Generation increase (+10%) +10% No change 8.45% 18,503 16
Tariff increase (+20%) +20% No change 8.90% 26,633 22
Cost increase (+10%) No change +10% 7.09% (3,715) (3)
Delay in construction (1 year) No change No change 7.69% 5,582 5

Chapter 14
Economic Analysis
In this section, the economic costs for the Project are identified first. Secondly, the economic
benefit is identified and quantified based on the concept of the saved cost. Lastly, based on the
assumptions, costs and benefits calculated, the EIRR and the ENPV are calculated and presented.
14.4.1 EIRR and ENPV
Based on the assumptions, costs and benefits calculated and described so far, the EIRR and ENPV
are calculated and presented in this section.
(1) Base Case
The economic benefit and cost are compiled and calculated in order to obtain EIRR and are
discounted using the social discount rate (12%) for attaining the ENPV.
Table 14.4-1 EIRR and ENPV
EIRR (%) ENPV (Million Kyat) ENPV (US$ million)
21.09% 117,876 99
The result shows that EIRR is higher than the cut-off rate in the base case. The ENPV of the Project
shows positive result, while the FNPV showed negative value. It can be concluded that the
economic benefit of the Project is robust as the people in Myanmar are paying high costs for
alternative energy sources (i.e. diesel generators and kerosene lamp) due to insufficient supply of
electricity and the Project can be justified from the viewpoint of the national economy.
(2) Sensitivity Analysis
The sensitivity analysis is conducted for economic analysis. The increase in generation, decrease
in economic benefit, cost overrun of construction, and delay in construction are considered.
Table 14.4-2 Sensitivity Analysis for Economic Analysis

EIRR ENPV
Case Benefit Cost
(%) (Mil. Kyat) (Mil. US$)
Base case No change No change 21.09% 117,876 99
Generation increase (+10%) +10% No change 22.75% 143,221 120
Benefit decrease (-10%) -10% No change 19.96% 98,854 83
Cost increase (+10%) No change +10% 20.06% 110,648 93
Delay in construction (1 year) No change No change 21.09% 105,247 88
The impact on EIRR and ENPV of the change in the level of benefit and cost and delay in
construction is relatively small with slight change of EIRR and ENPV.

Chapter 14
Financial Status of the Implementing Organization
This section describes the financial situation of the implementing organization in charge of the
Project and the relevant organizations in generation, transmission and distribution under the MOEE.
First, the past financial performance and the forecast of the financial situation of the organizations
are briefly described and analyzed. The major financial issues, namely tariff and subsidy, are
analyzed as these issues are closely concerned with the sustainable operation of the Project and the
overall operation of the power sector under MOEE.
14.5.1 Financial Situation of the Power Sector under the MOEE
As the organizations in charge of generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity under the
MOEE have been recently restructured, the financial information of the newly established
organizations are not available at the time of writing this report. Therefore, this section explains
the past financial performance of the organizations before restructuring, HPGE in particular and
the financial performance of the relevant organizations.12
HPGE used to own and operate hydropower stations and coal thermal power plants and sell the
generated electricity to MEPE at 20 Kyat/kWh from 2010 to 2014, which was reduced by MOEP
(Ministry of Electric Power) to 18 kyat/kWh in 2015.
HPGE has been making profits in the last six fiscal years, partly due to the fact that the majority
of the assets owned by HPGE was already depreciated and a few more plants had been added as
the assets of HPGE, which resulted in the low depreciation cost.
While the revenue of the entities under the MOEP increased by 40.3% from 2014 to 2015, the cost
of power purchase and own generation increased more rapidly, 55.6% in the same period. As a
result, the profit decreased by 39.1% from 2014 to 2015.
One of the main factors contributing to this situation is the increasing share of the gas based power
plants in total generation. The purchasing cost of the electricity generated by the gas based power
plants is nearly 105 kyat/kWh. On the other hand, the retail tariff for consumers is only 74.16
kyat/kWh. Therefore, the increasing share of the gas based power plants has a significant negative
impact on the profit level.
14.5.2 Tariff and Subsidy
The level of tariff tends to be insufficient to cover the necessary cost in the past, though the
consolidated profit is still positive partly due to the provision of the GOM’s subsidy. This situation
made it difficult the organizations in charge to sustain and expand the operation and rehabilitate
and upgrade the facilities and equipment by mobilizing the internally generated profit. 13
The previous section explains the consolidated profit level of the organizations in recent years.
However, it should be borne in mind that the GOM has been providing subsidy to support the
working capital for the operation of the entities. The recent budget shows that the GOM allocated
the budget for working capital for carrying out the functions of the state owned organizations under
12 The data for and the analysis of the financial performance in this section heavily depends on the following documents: Deloitte, "Myanmar
Power Sector Financial Analysis and Viability Action Plan: Inception Report ", August, 2015; Deloitte, "Myanmar Power Sector Financial
Analysis and Viability Action Plan: Key Findings & Recommendations", May 18, 2016; ADB, "Report and Recommendation of the President
to the Board of Directors: Proposed Loan Republic of the Union of Myanmar: Power Transmission Improvement Project (RRP MYA 46390-
002), October 2015; Kee-Yung Nam, Maria Rowena Cham, and Paulo Rodelio Halili, “Power Sector Development in Myanmar”, ADB
Economics Working Paper Series No. 460, ADB, October 2015; World Bank, "International Development Association Project Appraisal
Document on a Proposed Credit in the Amount of SDR 286.9 Million (US$400 Million Equivalent) to the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
for National Electrification Project", August 25, 2015
13 Kee-Yung Nam, Maria Rowena Cham, and Paulo Rodelio Halili, p.18-19

Chapter 14
the Ministry, which reaches up to 1,669 billion kyat in 2015/2016.
Table 14.5-1 Budget to State Owned Economic Organizations under MOEP

(Unit: Mil. kyat)
Debts
Working capital for
Current Payment of Capital Disbursement Repayment of Investment in Total carrying out their
Contribution Savings Total
expenditure interest Expenditure of loans loans organizations expenditures functions with their
own fund
2015/16 136,956 0 0 471,798 0 26,407 0 0 635,161 1,669,975 2,305,136
Source: Union Budget Law, 2015 (The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 20, 2015), 9 April, 2015
Another example of the heavy dependence on the GOM’s subsidy is the increasing trend of the
liability to the GOM. The balance sheet of MEPE proves this trend. There is the item of liability
to the GOM as “Government Account: Operating Investment”. 14 As the table shows, there is an
increasing trend of the liability to the GOM in the past six years.
Table 14.5-2 Trend of Liability to the GOM of MEPE

(Unit/ Million Kyat)
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Amount 149,454 447,601 564,987 634,673 831,163 1,076,587
% of year to year change 199.5% 26.2% 12.3% 31.0% 29.5%

Source: MEPE, Statistics, 2014
Furthermore, the situation of 1) the tariff below the cost and 2) the dependence on subsidy is likely
to continue to exist in the foreseeable future. As the forecast shows, the tariffs are expected to
continue to be below the cost, though the gap between the cost and the tariff becomes narrow and
the amount of subsidy is likely to decrease.
The subsidy is a significant burden to the GOM. The forecast expects that the subsidy is likely to
reach 3.4% of the GOM budget in FY2017.
Though the forecast is prepared based on the various assumptions and the actual result of the
forecast depends on the changes in the assumptions, there is a significant risk that the sustainable
operation of the power sector depends on the steady allocation of the subsidy from the GOM unless
the tariff increases to the level enough to cover the necessary cost and allow the room for profit. 15
Previous Electricity Law (1984) did not provide concrete procedure and principles for determining
tariff on generation, transmission, and distribution. 16 However, the new Electricity Law
(Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law no. 44/2014) defines “to write and promulgate equitable, transparent
and reasonable rules and regulations for fixing electric power rates depending on the area” as one
of the objectives of the Law.
14 There is also another item in liability, “Government Account: Initial Investment” in the MEPE’s balance sheet. This seems to indicate the
amount of the investment on the project by the government.
15
World Bank’s report points out that the potential financial loss without tariff increase and/or provision of subsidy is one of the financial risks.
See “Annex 6: Financial Situation of the Power Sector” in "International Development Association Project Appraisal Document on a Proposed
Credit in the Amount of SDR 92.6 Million (US$400 Million Equivalent) to the Republic of the Union of Myanmar for an Electric Power Project",
August 29, 2013.
16 VDB Loi Co., Ltd, “The Legal and Regulatory Framework of Foreign Investment in Myanmar’s Power Sector: Analysis and Opportunities
for Reform ”, 8.1 Tariff setting, Chapter 8: Fiscal Structure, 25 April 2014

Chapter 14
With the approval of the GOM, the relevant ministry has the right to determine the tariff. In addition,
the Electricity Regulatory Commission is regulated to be established. One of its functions is to
advise with regard to the setting of electricity tariff. The enforcement of the tariff determination
based on the new Electricity Law has yet to be seen.17
17 In reality, supplementary regulation is required to describe the detail of procedure, standard and other issues for tariff determination.

Chapter 15
Final Report Project Evaluation
CHAPTER 15
PROJECT EVALUATION

Chapter 15
Chapter 15 Project Evaluation
Project Effect
15.1.1 Operation and Effect Indicators
Operation indicators are intended to evaluate the operational condition of the Project, which
quantitatively checks whether the Project is being operated properly.
Table 15.1-1 Operation Indicators (Baluchaung No. 1 HPP)

Indicator Formula Benchmark Target
Unplanned outage hours Hours/Year 40:01 0

Net electric energy / (maximum output ×
Capacity factor 64% 81%
hours per year) × 100 (%)
Source: JICA Survey Team, EPGE
Table 15.1-2 Operation Indicators (Sedawgyi HPP)

Unplanned outage hours Hours/Year 275:11 0

Net electric energy / (maximum output ×
Capacity factor 56% 64%
hours per year) × 100 (%)
Effect indicators are intended to evaluate the outcome of the Project.
Table 15.1-3 Effect Indicators (Baluchaung No. 1 HPP)

Net electric energy
As shown by the name of the indicator 156.782 200
production (GWh)
Maximum output (MW) As shown by the name of the indicator 28.0 28.0
Table 15.1-4 Effect Indicators (Sedawgyi HPP)

Net electric energy
As shown by the name of the indicator 116.879 135
production (GWh)
Maximum output (MW) As shown by the name of the indicator 24.0 25.0

Chapter 15
Project Evaluation Final Report
15.1.2 Qualitative Impact of the Project
(1) As explained in detail in Chapter 14, the Project makes it possible for the people in the
country to save the cost by replacing the expensive alternative energy source with the
incremental supply of the grid electricity.
(2) In addition, the incremental electricity supply contributes to meeting the demand of
electricity in the agricultural, commercial and industrial sectors and enhancing the economic
activities in these sectors. The growth of economic activities is likely to lead to more
employment and higher income in the long run.
(3) Residential consumers will be able to use more electric appliances and improve the quality
of life. Children can study for longer hours at night under better lighting. Some of the
residential consumers may be able to start or expand income generating activities at night by
utilizing electricity. People can obtain the knowledge outside their world from television,
radio and the internet. 1
1 These advantages of more electricity supply are supported by the findings of the social impact assessment survey. See, para. 22, Annex 5:
Poverty and Social Impact Assessment in World Bank, "International Development Association Project Appraisal Document on a Proposed
Credit in the Amount of SDR 286.9 Million (US$400 Million Equivalent) to the Republic of the Union of Myanmar for National
Electrification Project", August 25, 2015

Chapter 15
Reduction of GHG Emission
One of the benefits of the Rehabilitation Project is to expect reduction effect of GHG
(greenhouse gas). In case rehabilitation works of existing aged hydropower plants are carried out,
the incremental energy generation production is calculated as the difference between with-project
and without-project.
The same values applied in the financial analysis are used for the incremental energy generation
production corresponding to CO 2 reduction.
Therefore, CO 2 that is to be emitted in relation to the energy generation production is the

reduction of CO 2 emission due to the Rehabilitation Project.
Annual average generation production is calculated in case with-project and without-project from
2017 to 2036 for 20 years and annual incremental generation production is estimated as shown in
Table 15.2-1.
In 2022, preceding Units of Baluchaung No.1 and Sedawgyi HPPs will start operation and
following Units of both HPPs will start operation in 2023. Penstock gates of Sedawgyi dam will
be rehabilitated in 2024 for gate No.1 and in 2025 for gate No.2. In case that Rehabilitation
Project will not be implemented, Sedawgyi HPP would not be able to generate in 2030 and
Baluchaung No.1 HPP in 2033.
CO 2 emission factor for the electric system of Myanmar is 0.256 t-CO 2 /MWh, which is the
average between 2008 and 2010 shown in Reference.
Table 15.2-1 Incremental Generation Production between With-project and Without-project

(Unit: GWh)
a) With project b) Without project c) Incremental
Year Baluchaung Sedawgyi Baluchaung Sedawgyi generation Remarks
No.1 HPP HPP No.1 HPP HPP (a-b)
Year 1 2017 157 117 157 117 0
Year 2 2018 150 112 150 112 0
Year 3 2019 144 106 144 106 0
Year 4 2020 137 101 137 101 0
Year 5 2021 90 56 130 96 -80
Year 6 2022 127 78 124 91 -9 Start generation of preceding units
Year 7 2023 192 87 117 85 77 Start generation of following units
Rehabilitation of penstock gate No.1
Year 8 2024 200 87 110 80 97
of Sedawgyi dam
Rehabilitation of penstock gate No.2
Year 9 2025 200 128 103 75 150
of Sedawgyi dam
Year 10 2026 200 135 97 69 169
Year 11 2027 200 135 90 64 181
Year 12 2028 200 135 83 59 193
Year 13 2029 200 135 77 53 205
Year 14 2030 200 135 70 0 265
Year 15 2031 200 135 63 0 272
Year 16 2032 200 135 57 0 279 In case rehabilitation Project will not
be implemented, Sedawgyi HPP
Year 17 2033 200 135 0 0 335
would not be able to generate in 2030
Year 18 2034 200 135 0 0 335 and Baluchaung No.1 HPP in 2033
Year 19 2035 200 135 0 0 335
Year 20 2036 200 135 0 0 335

Chapter 15
Using this factor, the reduction of CO 2 emission by the Rehabilitation Project was calculated to
be 49,408 t-CO 2 emission per year in 2028, 5 years after completion of both HPPs and 85,760
t-CO 2 emission per year in 2033, 10 years after completion of both HPPs as shown in the table
below.
Table 15.2-2 Reduction of CO 2 Emission by the Rehabilitation Project

Incremental generation CO 2 emission
year Remarks
MWh/y t-CO 2 /y
5 years after completion of
2028 193,000 49,408 both HPPs
10 years after completion of
2033 335,000 85,760 both HPPs

Chapter 15
Table 15.2-3 Reduction of CO 2 Emission by the Project (as of 2028)

Chapter 15
Table 15.2-4 Reduction of CO 2 Emission by the Project (as of 2033)

Chapter 15
Reference: CO 2 Emission Factors for Grid Electricity (Average of whole power source)
(Unit: g-CO 2 /kWh)
Source: CO 2 EMISSION FROM FUEL COMBUSTION Highlights (2012 Edition), IEA, p.111~p.113)
JICA Climate – FIT Climate Finance Impact Tool for Mitigation, Ver. 2.0 March, 2014
Japan International Corporation Agency (prepared by Japan Weather Association)


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Chapter 8

Final Report Rehabilitation of Gates and Penstock

REHABILITATION OF GATES AND PENSTOCK

- Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants

Chapter 8 Rehabilitation of Gates and Penstock

Method, Results of Site Reconnaissance and Issues

8.1.1 Baluchaung No.1 Hydropower Plant

(1) Intake Dam

The intake dam has following facilities;

1) Spillway Gate and Stoplog

As for spillway gates, the following issue was found;

The conditions of spillway gates and stoplogs are as follows;

8-1 Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants

Photo 8.1-1 Conditions of Spillway Gates

Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants 8-2

Table 8.1-1 Number of Times for Intake Spillway Gate Operation

2013 - - - - 5 4 3 68 63 119 150 91

2) Intake Gate and Stoplog

As for intake gates, the following issues were found;

The conditions of intake gates and stoplogs are as follows;

8-3 Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants

Photo 8.1-2 Conditions of Intake Gates and

As for raking system, the following issue was found;

The conditions of the raking system are as follows;

Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants 8-4

Photo 8.1-3 Conditions of Raking System

4) Remote Control and Emergency Generator

Photo 8.1-4 Conditions of Remote Control and Emergency Generator

8-5 Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants

(2) Head Pond

The head pond has following facilities;

As for inlet gate, the following issues were found;

The conditions of the inlet gate are as follows.

Photo 8.1-5 Conditions of Inlet Gate

Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants 8-6

2) Sand Flash Gate

The condition of the sand flash gate is as follows.

The spindle is bended. The control panel is deteriorated because of aging.

Photo 8.1-6 Conditions of Sand Flash Gate

As for sand flash gate, the following issues were found;

8-7 Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants

- The control panel was deteriorated because of aging.

The conditions of the raking system are as follows;

The gavages were removed manually because of failure of

(3) Low Pressure Pipe Line, Surge Tank and Penstock

The by-pass valves were in sound condition.

2) Low Pressure Pipe Line

Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants 8-8

Though the actual thickness of steel pipe were

There were no leakage at the manhole even

The damaged paint. Corroded part of outer surface.

8-9 Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants

Photo 8.1-9 Conditions of Low Pressure Pipe Line

Table 8.1-2 Amount of Water Leakage at each Expansion Joint

Photo 8.1-10 Conditions of Surge Tank

Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants 8 - 10

The conditions of the penstock are as follows;

Photo 8.1-11 Conditions of Penstock

(4) Emergency Discharge Valve

8 - 11 Preparatory Survey on Hydropower Plants

Photo 8.1-12 Conditions of Main Valve

The oil pressure unit seemed to be in sound condition.

The guard valve was deteriorated but no failure