Test Bank For Technology in Action 10th Edition Evans

Test Bank for Technology In Action, 10th Edition : Evans
Test Bank for Technology In Action, 10th Edition :

Evans
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Chapter 7 - Design for Quality and Product Excellence
1. If an idea survives the concept stage of product development, the actual design process begins by evaluating design
alternatives and determining engineering specifications for all materials, components, and parts.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
DIFFICULTY: Difficulty: Easy
ACCREDITING STANDARDS: BUSPROG: Analytic
DISC: Operations Management
TOPICS: DESC.EVAB.17.07.01 Product Development
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge
2. The idea generation phase of product development usually includes prototype testing, in which a model is constructed
to test the product’s physical properties or use under actual operating conditions.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
3. One of the most significant barriers to efficient product development is the adaption of concurrent engineering within
an organization.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
4. The outcome of innovation in product development is a discontinuous or breakthrough change and results in new and
unique goods and services that delight customers and create competitive advantage.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
TOPICS: DESC.EVAB.17.07.02 Concept Development and Innovation
5. Innovation is built upon strong research and development (R&D) processes.

a. True
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
b. False
ANSWER: True
6. When decisions about the safety, life, serviceability, and maintainability of products are dominated by customer
requirements rather than by engineering considerations, poor designs that fail in the market are often the result.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
DIFFICULTY: Difficulty: Moderate
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension
7. The methodology of axiomatic design is based on the premise that good design is governed by laws similar to those in
natural science.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
TOPICS: DESC.EVAB.17.07.03 Detailed Design
8. The axiomatic design method of product development tends to lessen design time.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
9. The principles of axiomatic design help designers better apply tools such as TRIZ and quality function deployment.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True

10. Under quality function deployment, all operations of a company are driven by the voice of the customer rather than by
edicts of top management.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
11. The quality function deployment tool increases the time for new product development.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
12. A typical scheme of the House of Quality uses the symbol Ä to denote a strong relationship between any pair of
technical requirements.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
13. After basic technical requirements have been established in product development process, designers must set specific
dimensional or operational targets and tolerances for critical manufacturing or service characteristics.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
14. Narrow tolerances in product design tend to raise manufacturing costs and also increase the interchangeability of parts
within the plant and in the field, product performance, durability, and appearance.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
15. A tolerance reserve or factor of safety in product design is needed to account for engineering uncertainty regarding the
maximum variation allowable and compatibility with satisfactory product performance.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
16. Wide tolerances in product design have a positive impact on product characteristics.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
17. The Taguchi loss function can be used to set product design tolerances in an economical fashion.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
18. A product failure which occurs at the start of product life due to manufacturing or material defects such as a missing
connection or a faulty component is referred to as functional failure.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
TOPICS: DESC.EVAB.17.07.04 Design for Reliability
19. In practice, product design reliability is determined by the number of failures per unit time during the duration under
consideration.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
20. In series systems failure of an individual component is less critical than in parallel systems.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
21. Redundant components, when used in a parallel system, tend to decrease the reliability of the system.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
22. Redundancy in a parallel system increases the cost, size, and weight of the system.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True

23. According to the theory of strict liability, anyone who sells a product that is defective or unreasonably dangerous is
subject to liability for any physical harm caused to the user, the consumer, or the property of either.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
TOPICS: DESC.EVAB.17.07.05 Design Optimization
24. Product designs with numerous parts decrease the incidence of part mix-ups, missing parts, and test failures.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
25. Accelerated life testing involves overstressing components to reduce the time to failure and find weaknesses.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
TOPICS: DESC.EVAB.17.07.06 Design Verification
26. Which of the following is the first phase of a typical product development process?
a. Product/process development
b. Preliminary concept development
c. Idea generation
d. Market introduction
ANSWER: c

27. New ideas are studied for feasibility in the _____ phase of product development.
a. market evaluation
b. process development
c. full-scale production
d. preliminary concept development
ANSWER: d
28. Which of the following phases of product development usually includes prototype testing?
a. Product/process development
b. Idea generation
c. Full-scale production
d. Market evaluation
ANSWER: a
29. The product is distributed to customers in the _____ phase of product development.
a. preliminary concept development
b. market introduction
c. idea generation
d. full-scale production
ANSWER: b
30. _____ is a process in which all major functions involved with bringing a product to market are continuously involved
with product development from conception through sales.
a. Organizational learning
b. Concurrent engineering
c. Six Sigma
d. Axiomatic design
ANSWER: c
31. Which of the following activities of the design for six sigma (DFSS) focuses on creating and building a product idea
and determining its functionality based upon customer requirements, technological capabilities, and economic realities?
a. Detailed design
b. Design verification
c. Concept development
d. Design optimization
ANSWER: c
32. Which of the following activities of the design for six sigma (DFSS) focuses on developing specific requirements and
design parameters such as specifications and tolerances to ensure that the product fulfills the functional requirements of
the concept?
a. Concept development
c. Design optimization
d. Detailed design
ANSWER: d
33. Which of the following activities of the design for six sigma (DFSS) seeks to refine designs to identify and eliminate
potential failures, achieve high reliability, and ensure that it can be easily manufactured, assembled, or delivered in an
environmentally-responsible manner?
a. Detailed design
c. Concept development
d. Design optimization
ANSWER: d
34. Which of the following activities of the design for six sigma (DFSS) ensures that the quality level and reliability
requirements of the product are achieved?
a. Design verification
b. Design optimization
c. Detailed design
d. Concept development
ANSWER: a
35. The DMADV process incorporates the principal activities of the design for six sigma. Which of the following
activities included in DMADV focuses on identifying and understanding the market need or opportunity?
a. Design
b. Measure
c. Analyze
d. Define
ANSWER: d
36. Which of the following activities included in the DMADV process gathers the voice of the customer, identifies the
vital characteristics that are most important to customers, and outlines the functional requirements of the product that will
meet customer needs?
a. Design
b. Analyze
c. Measure
d. Verify
ANSWER: c
37. Which of the following activities included in the DMADV process is focused on concept development from
engineering and aesthetic perspectives and often includes the creation of drawings, virtual models, or simulations to
develop and understand the functional characteristic of the product?
a. Measure
b. Define
c. Verify
d. Analyze
ANSWER: d
38. Which of the following activities included in the DMADV process focuses on developing detailed specifications,
purchasing requirements, and so on, so that the concept can be produced?
a. Measure
b. Define
c. Design
d. Analyze
ANSWER: c
39. Which of the following activities involved in the DMADV process involves prototype development, testing, and
implementation planning for production?
a. Verify
b. Measure
c. Design
d. Define
ANSWER: a
40. _____ involves the adoption of an idea, process, technology, product, or business model that is either new or new to
its proposed application.
a. Concurrent engineering
b. Total quality management (TQM)
c. Design optimization
d. Innovation
ANSWER: d
41. _____ is seeing things in new or novel ways.

a. Flexibility
b. Agility
c. Creativity
d. Quality assurance
ANSWER: c
42. Which of the following is a creativity tool that finds extensive use in product design?
a. TRIZ
b. Fault tree analysis
c. Likert scale
d. Cause-and-effect diagram
ANSWER: a
43. _____ is a methodology used in the product design process, developed by Dr. Nam Suh from MIT, which is based on
the premise that good design is governed by laws similar to those in natural science.
a. Fault tree analysis
b. Axiomatic design
c. Design failure mode and effects analysis (DFMEA)
d. Six sigma
ANSWER: b
44. In the context of the axiomatic design method, the information axiom states that:
a. good design occurs when the functional requirements of the design are independent of one another.
b. developing specific requirements and design parameters such as specifications and tolerances leads to the
creation of a high quality product.

c. all the departments in an organization should be continuously involved with product development from
conception through sales.
d. good design corresponds to minimum complexity.
ANSWER: d
45. In the context of the axiomatic design method, the independence axiom states that:
a. good design occurs when the functional requirements of the design are separate from one another.
b. developing specific requirements and design parameters such as specifications and tolerances leads to the
creation of a high quality product.
c. good design corresponds to minimum complexity.
d. all the departments in an organization should be continuously involved with product development from
conception through sales.
ANSWER: a
46. Which of the following tools is most likely to be used for establishing technical design requirements that meet
customer needs and placing them in subsequent production activities?
a. Likert scale
b. Quality function deployment
c. Cause-and-effect diagram
d. Fault tree analysis
ANSWER: b
47. The matrix used by the quality function deployment to ensure that the voice of the customer is carried throughout the
production/delivery process is called the _____.
a. Hidden Factory
b. Quincunx
c. Likert Scale
d. House of Quality
ANSWER: d

48. The first House of Quality relates:

a. component requirements to process operations.
b. process operations to quality control plans.
c. customer requirements to a product's overall technical requirements.
d. technical requirements of a product to component requirements.
ANSWER: c
49. The final House of Quality relates:

a. process operations to component requirements.
b. customer requirements to technical requirements.
c. technical requirements to component requirements.
d. process operations to quality control plans.
ANSWER: d
50. Which of the following is the first House of Quality matrix?

a. Customer requirement planning matrix
b. Process operations matrix
c. Technical requirement planning matrix
d. Component characteristics matrix
ANSWER: a
51. Which of the following symbols is used to denote a very strong relationship between any pair of technical
requirements in a typical House of Quality?
a. *
b. Ä

c. ^
d. •
ANSWER: d
52. Which of the following symbols is used to denote a weak relationship between any pair of technical requirements in a
typical House of Quality?
a. •
b. *
c. Ä
d. #
ANSWER: c
53. In the context of manufacturing specifications, the term “tolerance” refers to:
a. the target value that manufacturing seeks to meet.
b. the specification that best represents the requirements of the customer.
c. the specification which leads to the development of the least costly product.
d. the permissible variation, recognizing the difficulty of meeting a target consistently.
ANSWER: d
54. The predicted reliability determined by the design of the product or process is called the _____ reliability.
a. achieved
b. perceived
c. inherent
d. nominal
ANSWER: c
55. A personal computer system is composed of the processing unit, graphics board, and keyboard with reliabilities of
0.976, 0.785, and 0.893, respectively. This is a series system and even if one component fails, the computer will not
function correctly. The reliability of this system is:
a. 0.684
b. 0.953
c. 2.654
d. 0.857
ANSWER: a
56. An electric component has a failure rate of ë= 0.0035 failure per hour. For this component, the mean time to failure(è)
is _____.
a. 356.8 hours
b. 285.7 hours
c. 532.7 hours
d. 258 hours
ANSWER: b
57. Robust design refers to designing goods and services that:

a. make the most efficient use of the available resources.
b. are insensitive to variation in manufacturing processes and when consumers use them.
c. create a competitive advantage for the organization in the market.
d. are the least costly to produce.
ANSWER: b
58. _____ is a method to describe combinations of conditions or events that can lead to a failure.
a. Axiomatic design
b. Quality function deployment
c. Fault tree analysis
d. Total quality management

ANSWER: c
59. _____ is the process of designing a product for efficient production at the highest level of quality.
a. Design for manufacturability
b. Concurrent engineering
c. Design for disassembly
d. Design for environment
ANSWER: a
60. Accelerated life testing involves:

a. using the fault tree analysis technique to find the defects in the product.
b. using the TRIZ tool to identify faults in the designing of the product.
c. overstressing components to reduce the time to failure and find weaknesses.
d. finding the degree to which the product meets the customer requirements.
ANSWER: c
TOPICS: DESC.EVAB.17.07.06 Design Verification
61. Describe the product/process development phase in a typical product development process.
ANSWER: If an idea survives the concept stage —and many do not —the actual design process
begins by evaluating design alternatives and determining engineering specifications for
all materials, components, and parts. This phase usually includes prototype testing, in
which a model (real or simulated) is constructed to test the product’s physical properties
or use under actual operating conditions, as well as consumer reactions to the prototypes.
Concurrently, companies develop, test, and standardize the processes that will be used in
manufacturing the product or delivering the service, which include selecting the
appropriate technology, materials, and suppliers and performing pilot runs to verify
results.

62. Describe concurrent engineering.
ANSWER: Concurrent engineering is a process in which all major functions involved with bringing a
product to market are continuously involved with product development from conception
through sales. Such an approach not only helps achieve trouble-free introduction of
products and services, but also results in improved quality, lower costs, and shorter
product development cycles. Concurrent engineering involves multifunctional teams,
usually consisting of 4 to 20 members and including every specialty in the company. The
functions of such teams are to perform and coordinate the activities in the product
development process simultaneously, rather than sequentially.
63. List the four different types of innovations classified by The Small Business Administration with examples.
ANSWER: The Small Business Administration classifies innovations into four categories:
1. An entirely new category of product (for example, the iPod).
2. First of its type on the market in a product category already in existence (for example,
the DVD player).
3. A significant improvement in existing technology (for example, the Blu-ray disc
technology).
4. A modest improvement to an existing product (for example, the latest iPad).
64. List the six basic steps involved in building the house of quality.
ANSWER: Building the House of Quality consists of six basic steps:
1. Identify customer requirements.
2. Identify technical requirements.
3. Relate the customer requirements to the technical requirements.
4. Conduct an evaluation of competing products or services.
5. Evaluate technical requirements and develop targets.
6. Determine which technical requirements to deploy in the remainder of the production/
delivery process.
65. Describe Fault Tree Analysis.

ANSWER: Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), sometimes called cause and effect tree analysis, is a method
to describe combinations of conditions or events that can lead to a failure in product
design. In effect, it is a way to drill down and identify causes associated with failures and
is a good complement to Design Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (DFMEA). It is
particularly useful for identifying failures that occur only as a result of multiple events
occurring simultaneously. A cause and effect tree is composed of conditions or events
connected by “and” gates and “or” gates. An effect with an “and” gate occurs only if all
of the causes below it occur; an effect with an “or” gate occurs whenever any of the
causes occur.
66. Which of the following products marked Shure’s entry into the manufacturing in 1932?
a. Digital signal processors
b. Microphones
c. Mixers
d. Hands-free cell phones
ANSWER: b
TOPICS: DESC.EVAB.17.07.07 Quality in Practice: Testing Audio Components at Shure,Inc.
67. What is the mission and philosophy of Shure Inc.?

ANSWER: Shure’s mission is to deliver high-performing, quality, rugged and reliable audio
products, and to provide superior customer service and support. Shure’s philosophy is to
be market-driven and customer-focused in their chosen markets.
TOPICS: DESC.EVAB.17.07.07 Quality in Practice: Testing Audio Components at Shure, Inc.
68. Which of the following remains Shure’s flagship product to this day?
a. Hands-free cell phones
b. Mixers
c. Microphones
d. Digital signal processors
ANSWER: c
69. What helped Shure’s products to be known early on for their outstanding quality and durability?
ANSWER: Shure’s emphasis on engineering research helped Shure’s products to be known early on
for their outstanding quality and durability.
70. Describe the microphone drop test procedure used by Shure Inc.
ANSWER: The microphone drop test is used to determine whether a microphone is capable of
dynamic shock stress. Initial performance data are taken on the mic. Then the mic is
dropped numerous times onto a hardwood floor from a height of 6 feet at random angles.
The mic is “talked out” after every two drops. After the drop tests, level and response are
tested and compared to the initial data. Any unit not meeting original print specifications
is considered a failure.
71. Describe the perspiration test procedure used by Shure Inc.

ANSWER: The perspiration test procedure is used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of
painted/plated parts exposed to an acid solution simulating sweat. Parts are placed in a
perspiration chamber that consists of a stand supporting the parts over a large glass jar
containing acid solution. Parts are inspected daily for amounts of corrosion for a period
of seven days. Parts are then compared to good control parts to determine amount of
corrosion present.
72. Describe the test used by Shure Inc. to determine ability of their product to withstand extreme temperature for
extended periods of time.
ANSWER: Shure Inc. uses the temperature storage procedure to determine ability of their product to
withstand extreme temperature for extended periods of time. During this procedure,
initial performance data are taken. Then for high temperature, the product is placed in a
preheated high temperature chamber for seven days. The product is allowed to stabilize at
room temperature for 24 hours and then the same performance data are taken. For low
temperature, the product is placed in a low temperature chamber for seven days, allowed
to stabilize to room temperature for 24 hours, and tested.

73. Which of the following tests is conducted by Shure Inc. to determine the ability of stylus to withstand accidental drops
and side impacts?
a. Microphone drop test
b. Cartridge drop and scrape test
c. Perspiration test
d. Cable and cable assembly flex test
ANSWER: b
74. The managed care organizations (MCOs) used the QFD process to redesign their handbook. List the criteria based on
which the participants for the focus groups, who gave input for this QFD process, were selected.
ANSWER: A total of 131 MCO customers participated in six focus group sessions. Participants were
selected based on two criteria:
1. They had to have been members of a competing MCO —whose member handbook
was used for comparison —for at least two years prior to joining the MCO being studied.
2. They had to have been members of the MCO being studied for at least two consecutive
years.
TOPICS: DESC.EVAB.17.07.08 Quality in Practice: Applying QFD in a Managed Care
Organization
75. The managed care organizations (MCOs) used the QFD process to redesign their handbook. Describe the two stages in
which the focus group process was administered to obtain inputs for this QFD process.
ANSWER: The focus group process was administered in two stages:
Stage 1. Participants were provided with a copy of the company’s member handbook and
the competitor’s member handbook. Even though the participants had all used the
competitor’s member handbook, it was necessary to provide them with copies to ensure a
fair comparison. They were allowed to take both handbooks home for one week to look
them over.
Stage 2. The groups were brought together for a follow-up session that focused on data
collection.Each session was facilitated by an independent researcher unaffiliated with the
MCO, and each participant was provided lunch as a reward for participating in the study.
Organization
76. The managed care organizations (MCOs) used the QFD process to redesign their handbook. List the steps followed by
the focus groups in giving input for this QFD process.
ANSWER: The six focus groups involved in the QFD process followed these steps:
1. Determine customer requirements.
2. Measure the importance of the customer requirements.
3. Rate customer satisfaction with the company’s current member handbook.
4. Rate satisfaction with the competitor’s member handbook.
5. Develop a list of characteristics that are within the control of the company and could
potentially improve the handbook. These characteristics are referred to as substitute
quality characteristics.
Organization
77. List the key customer requirements identified by the managed care organizations (MCOs) while redesigning their
handbook.
ANSWER: The key customer requirements identified by the managed care organizations (MCOs)
while redesigning their handbook were ease of use, accuracy, timeliness, clarity, and
consciousness.
Organization
78. The managed care organizations (MCOs) used the QFD process to redesign their handbook. List the technical
requirements identified through this QFD process that describe how the organization will respond to the customer
requirements.
ANSWER: The technical requirements that describe how the organization will respond to each of the
customer requirements were identified as follows:
1. Font size
2. Up-to-date information
3. Use of pictures or illustrations
4. Use of colors
5. Glossary of terms
6. Answers to frequently asked questions
7. Expanded table of contents
8. Offering the handbook in more than one language
Organization
79. Which of the following customer requirements was given high importance in the House of Quality which was created
by the result of the managed care organizations’ QFD study?
a. Clarity
Test Bank for Technology In Action, 10th Edition : Evans

b. Conciseness
c. Timeliness
d. Accuracy
ANSWER: d
Organization
80. Explain how the Absolute Quality Weight and the Percentage of Importance was determined in the House of Quality
created by the result of the MCOs’ QFD study.
ANSWER: The Absolute Quality Weight was determined by multiplying the rate of importance by
the rate of improvement. It is an attempt to assign a weighted rate to what the customer
considers to be important and the goal. The Percentage of Importance was determined by
transforming each absolute weight value into a percentage of the total absolute weight
value.
Organization
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5. Innovation is built upon strong research and development (R&D) processes.

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5

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41. _____ is seeing things in new or novel ways.

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48. The first House of Quality relates:

49. The final House of Quality relates:

50. Which of the following is the first House of Quality matrix?

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57. Robust design refers to designing goods and services that:

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60. Accelerated life testing involves:

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65. Describe Fault Tree Analysis.

67. What is the mission and philosophy of Shure Inc.?

71. Describe the perspiration test procedure used by Shure Inc.

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Chapter 7 - Design for Quality and Product Excellence

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