Topic: Cell Structure and Function

Key Points:

Introduction to Cells:

Cells are the basic units of life.

All living organisms are made up of one or more cells.
Cells can vary in size, shape, and function.
Cell Organelles:

Nucleus: Control center of the cell, contains DNA.

Cytoplasm: Gel-like substance where organelles are suspended.
Mitochondria: Powerhouse of the cell, produces energy (ATP).
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Involved in protein synthesis.
Golgi Apparatus: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins.
Ribosomes: Sites of protein synthesis.
Cell Membrane: Regulates what enters and exits the cell.
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells:

Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Cell Transport:

Passive Transport: Movement of substances without energy input (e.g., diffusion,

osmosis).
Active Transport: Requires energy to move substances against the concentration
gradient.
Homework Assignment:

Review and summarize the functions of the major organelles discussed in class.
Complete the worksheet on cell transport mechanisms.
Upcoming Lab:

Cell Structure and Microscopy Lab on October 2, 2023. Please wear appropriate lab
attire.
Notes from Class Discussion:

We looked at real cell specimens under the microscope and identified various
organelles.
Consider the practical applications of cell transport mechanisms, such as in
medicine and drug delivery.
Study the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells to better understand
the diversity of life.